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Demolition and Cleanup
FactSheet Demolition and Cleanup Before starting a demolition, the person or persons in charge must adequately prepare for the task with regard to the health and safety of the workers. These preparatory operations involve the overall planning of the demolition job, includ- ing the methods to be used to bring the structure down, the equipment neces- sary to do the job, and the measures to be taken to perform the work safely. Before doing demolition work, inspect available personal protective equipment (PPE), and select, wear and use the PPE appropriate for the task. Demolition work involves many of the same hazards associated with construc- tion work. However, demolition also poses additional hazards due to unknown factors such as: deviations from the structure's original design, approved or unapproved modifications that altered the original design, materials hidden with- in structural members, and unknown strengths or weaknesses of damaged mate- rials. To counter these unknowns, all personnel involved in a demolition project need to be fully aware of these types of hazards and the safety precautions avail- able to control these hazards. Preliminary Tasks al able to withstand the loads likely to be A written engineering survey must be per- imposed. Debris dropped through holes in formed on each structure being considered for the floor without the use of chutes must be demolition to determine the condition of the completely enclosed with barricades not less framing, floors and walls, and to assess the than 42 inches high and not less than 6 feet possibility of an unplanned collapse of any back from the projected edge of the opening portion of the structure. -
Potash Case Study
Mining, Minerals and Sustainable Development February 2002 No. 65 Potash Case Study Information supplied by the International Fertilizer Industry Association This report was commissioned by the MMSD project of IIED. It remains the sole Copyright © 2002 IIED and WBCSD. All rights reserved responsibility of the author(s) and does not necessarily reflect the views of the Mining, Minerals and MMSD project, Assurance Group or Sponsors Group, or those of IIED or WBCSD. Sustainable Development is a project of the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED). The project was made possible by the support of the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD). IIED is a company limited by guarantee and incorporated in England. Reg No. 2188452. VAT Reg. No. GB 440 4948 50. Registered Charity No. 800066 1 Introduction 2 2 Global Resources and Potash Production 3 3 The use of potassium in fertilizer 4 3.1 Potassium Fertilizer Consumption 4 3.2 Potassium fertilization issues 6 Appendix A 8 1 Introduction Potash and Potassium Potassium (K) is essential for plant and animal life wherein it has many vital nutritional roles. In plants, potassium and nitrogen are the two elements required in greatest amounts, while in animals and humans potassium is the third most abundant element, after calcium and phosphorus. Without sufficient plant and animal intake of potassium, life as we know it would cease. Human and other animals atop the food chain depend upon plants for much of their nutritional needs. Many soils lack sufficient quantities of available potassium for satisfactory yield and quality of crops. For this reason available soil potassium levels are commonly supplemented by potash fertilization to improve the potassium nutrition of plants, particularly for sustaining production of high yielding crop species and varieties in modern agricultural systems. -
MORDANTING NATURAL DYES IRON SULPHATE (Ferrous Sulphate) Is Usually Used to Change the Colour of a Dye
MORDANTING NATURAL DYES IRON SULPHATE (Ferrous Sulphate) is usually used to change the colour of a dye. It also makes natural dyes Most natural dyes have great affinity for fibre but more light and wash fast. More often used with cellulose poor light and wash fastness. If the fibre is pre than protein as it can make protein fibres brittle and harsh. mordanted you create a bond between the dye Iron changes shades to deeper, darker shades and is better and the fibre which will improve this dramatically. used in a premordant bath than directly into the dyebath. The most common and least environmentally toxic Use at a maximum of 2 to 4 % WOF . are Alum, Iron and Tannin. Copper is a useful mordant but is toxic to marine COPPER (Copper Sulphate)tends dull colours and turn life and humans. It needs to be handled and them blue green ie. yellows become greens, pinks become disposed of carefully. Historically Tin and Chrome purple. You can use Copper as a premordant or as an after have been used but are hazardous to the treatment to adjust colours. Colours dyed with Copper are environment & your health and need to be usually more lightfast than those dyed with Alum. Copper disposed of with great care. For that reason we has a less harsh effect on Protein fibres than Iron. Dispose recommend only using Alum, Iron, Copper and of Copper solution responsibly by exhausting your Tannin. Copper is probably the least safe but will dyebaths, diluting the residue with clean water and don’t give you much brighter shades and is safe to use put it down the storm water. -
Interior Architectural Design for Adaptive Reuse in Application of Environmental Sustainability Principles
sustainability Concept Paper Interior Architectural Design for Adaptive Reuse in Application of Environmental Sustainability Principles Magdalena Celadyn Faculty of Interior Design, Academy of Fine Arts in Krakow, pl. Matejki 13, 31-157 Krakow, Poland; [email protected] Received: 3 June 2019; Accepted: 10 July 2019; Published: 12 July 2019 Abstract: The paper discusses an interior architectural design model to enable the accomplishment of sustainable design strategy of efficient resources/waste management. The proposed design concept, referred to as interior architectural design for adaptive reuse, is based on the reintroduction of reclaimed or salvaged building construction materials and products acquired from demolished or refurbished building structural portions, into the structure of interior components. The presented design approach puts circular design methods and techniques in interior design practice at the core of environmentally responsible architectural design. To achieve its objectives, the implementation of resources efficiency strategy into the interior design scheme should remain a decisive interior design quality criterion. Meanwhile, the issues related to the environmental contextualization of interior spaces and their constitutive components, in fulfilment of sustainable design requirements for the conservation of natural resources, are neither sufficiently recognized by interior designers, nor appropriately highlighted in the current design practice. The main purpose of this concept paper is to develop a theoretical scheme for systemic inclusion of interior architectural design for adaptive reuse into the environmentally sustainable interior architectural design framework. This study provides interior designers with the concept of interior components design for the fulfilment of resources efficiency and waste management effectiveness. Keywords: sustainable architectural design; sustainable interior design; interior components; adaptive reuse; environmental contextualization 1. -
The Art of Mordanting and Staining and the Complete Treatment of Wood
The Artof/Aordanting and Staining ' N:i^\><v 5W^ \\ \ ^^^ Class. X ) 3^^ Book -A fe Copyright }1® - COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT. C^z-A-^^UX-ftUv^w*^ %««<«^vvwn''v<^t'^"t^'>vva-'VU'nH^ , THE ART OF M ORD A NTI NG AND STAINING AND THE COMPLETE TREATMENT OF WOOD SURFACES A HANDBOOK AND AID FOR ARCHITECTS, CABINET MAKERS, DECORATORS, PAINTERS, PIANO FACTORIES AND TRADE SCHOOLS BY WILLIAM ZIMMERMANN INSTRUCTOR OF CHKMISTRY IN POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, BARMEN, GERMANY BOSTON, MASS.: THE ARTI-STAIN CO. 1911 \J> First English Edition Copyright 191 i BY W. F. PURSCHER All Rights Reserved ^ r/> ARTI-STAIN CO. Sole Agents for U. S. A. and the Dominion of Canada / !)CI.A28t)433 PREFACE Since the appearance of the Fifth Edition of this work in 1908, it has again been considerably enlarged and revised and the results incorporated in the present Sixth Edition. In the portion relating to staining, the chapter on Brown Stains, which occupy an important position in connection with modern furniture and fittings, has been completely revised and enlarged by the introduction of the new and practically-tested Special-Oak Stains, An- thracene Stains and Genuine-Mahogany Stains, which have been very favorably received. Because of their lesser importance, the number of staining formulas for bright colors has been diminished, but these have been replaced by staining formulas for new products of greater fastness to light. All suggestions and experiments since the last edition have been incorporated here. The Sample Card of colors (in the Supplement) has been made to correspond with the new formulas in the book. -
STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,497,519 ART of STABLZNG RAYON TYPE FABRIC Archibald S
Patented Feb. 14, 1950 2497,519 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,497,519 ART OF STABLZNG RAYON TYPE FABRIC Archibald S. Stevenson, Pawtucket, and Leo Beer, Providence, R. I., assignors to Alrose Chemical Company, Cranston, R. ., a corporation of Rhode Island No Drawing. Application December 4, 1946, Serial No. 13,918 15 Claims. (C. 8-125) 2 The textile fabric with the stabilization of the alternative, costly ventilating equipment is which the present invention is concerned, con 'equired, and tains Synthetic fibers of regenerated cellulose, h. Fabrics treated with resins frequently cause Such as viscose or cupra-ammonium rayon or of dermatitis when worn by persons whose skin is cellulose-acetate or other cellulose derivative, the Sensitive to such resins. fabric consisting of any of said fibers, alone or in It is among the objects of the present inven admixture with one or more of the other fibers, tion to produce textile fabrics of the rayon-type with or without components of wool, cotton or which are stabilized to a highly satisfactory de other fiber, natural or synthetic. Fabric of the gree against laundering shrinkage, without there character referred to is designated hereinafter () by incurring excessive loss of yardage and with both in the specification and the claims in the in out the need to this end for incorporating in or terest of brevity as "rayon-type fabric.' on the fibre any foreign substance, or altering As conducive to a clear understanding of the the molecular structure of the fiber or detracting from the weight or the tensile strength or the invention, it is noted that if such rayon-type abrasion resistance of the fibre or fabric or in fabric were subjected to the action of caustic 5 pairing the hand of feel thereof, or objectionably under conditions similar to those of mercerizing detracting from its luster. -
Construction and Demolition Waste Reduction and Recycling Tips
RETHINKING DEBRIS The Industry: Construction and Demolition Waste Reduction and recycling Tips An Opportunity There is money lying virtually ignored on the ground at construction and demolition sites across Wisconsin. Second-hand wood flooring, odd cut lumber, siding scraps, used asphalt shingles, surplus drywall, spent corrugated cardboard and other materials typically labeled waste have value that only a few enterprising companies appreciate. If your business builds, renovates or remodels anything from hospitals to single-family homes, furniture or playground equipment, read on. Find out how to put that money on the ground into your pocket, while helping to conserve natural resources. Wisconsin's Wastestream Precise figures are hard to come by, but industry experts estimate that construction waste and demolition debris (C & D) may account for more than a quarter of our nation's entire wastestream. In some areas of Wisconsin, such as Dane County, analysts estimate that up to 45 percent of all landfilled waste is construction and demolition debris. As disposal costs increase, businesses that divert more of their construction waste and demolition debris from the wastestream by reducing, reusing and recycling can save money and help stimulate markets to handle their wastes. In addition to profits, there is also the law to consider. The Waste Reduction and Recycling Law Wisconsin's Waste Reduction and Recycling Law, signed by Governor Tommy Thompson in 1990, was created to help change the state's throw-away habits. Items banned entirely from state landfills and municipal solid waste incinerators include: major appliances, used motor oil, lead-acid vehicle batteries, yard wastes, corrugated cardboard, office paper, magazines, newspaper, aluminum, steel, bi-metal and glass containers, plastic containers (PETE/#I & HDPE/#2) and waste tires. -
Demolition Ordinance
TOWN OF MORRISTOWN ORDINANCE O-12-2019 AN ORDINANCE REPEALING CHAPTER 12 SECTION 4 “DEMOLITION OF BUILDINGS” AND AMENDING AND SUPPLEMENTING CHAPTER 30 “LAND DEVELOPMENT ORDINANCE” WHEREAS, the intent of this ordinance is to protect the historic character of Morristown by limiting the detrimental effect of demolition; and WHEREAS, significant structures within Morristown that contribute to the architectural, cultural, economic, political, or social history of the town should be preserved when possible; and WHEREAS, the purpose of this ordinance is not to permanently prevent all demolition, but to provide an opportunity to evaluate options for preservation, restoration, relocation, and rehabilitation, or when necessary, to document historic or architecturally important resources prior to demolition; and WHEREAS, as part of the adoption of this Ordinance the Town of Morristown desires to repeal Chapter 12 Section 4 of the Morristown Town Code entitled “Demolition of Buildings” as this new ordinance will now govern the process for applying and obtaining a demolition permit; NOW, THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED, by the Town Council of the Town of Morristown, County of Morris, State of New Jersey, being the governing body thereof, that Chapter 12 Section 4 of the Morristown Town Code entitled “Demolition of Buildings” be and hereby is repealed it its entity; and BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that Chapter 30 of the Morristown Town Code entitled “Land Development Ordinance” be and hereby is amended to read as follows: 30-8.A.3. Demolition of Buildings 1. Permit Required. No person shall remove or demolish or commence the removal or demolition of any building or structure in the Town of Morristown without first filing with the Zoning Officer an application in writing and obtaining a permit thereof. -
Construction and Demolition Wastes and Clean Rubble Technical Guidance Document SW-1994-G2
Kansas Department of Health and Environment Bureau of Waste Management 1000 SW Jackson, Suite 320, Topeka, Kansas 66612-1366 Construction and Demolition Wastes and Clean Rubble Technical Guidance Document SW-1994-G2 Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste is solid waste generated during construction or demolition activities. Clean rubble is also generated during construction or demolition activities, but it differs in composition from C&D waste. This document explains the definitions of C&D waste and clean rubble and acceptable methods for disposal of both. Construction and Demolition Waste Definition of C&D waste C&D waste is defined in KSA 65-3402 (u) as: • solid waste resulting from the construction, remodeling, repair and demolition of structures, roads, sidewalks and utilities; • untreated wood and untreated sawdust from any source; • treated wood from construction or demolition projects; • small amounts of municipal solid waste generated by the consumption of food and drinks at construction or demolition sites, including, but not limited to, cups, bags and bottles; • furniture and appliances from which ozone depleting chlorofluorocarbons have been removed in accordance with the provisions of the federal clean air act; • solid waste consisting of motor vehicle window glass; and • solid waste consisting of vegetation from land clearing and grubbing, utility maintenance, and seasonal or storm related cleanup. Such wastes include, but are not limited to, bricks, concrete, and other masonry materials, roofing materials, soil, rock, wood, wood products, wall or floor coverings, plaster, drywall, plumbing fixtures, electrical wiring, electrical components containing no hazardous materials, non-asbestos insulation and construction related packaging. Other statutes and regulations further refine the definition: Construction related packaging means small quantities of packaging wastes that are generated in the construction, remodeling or repair of structures and related appurtenances. -
Potassium and Phosphorus Have No Effect on Severity of Charcoal Rot of Soybean
Can. J. Plant Pathol., 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07060661.2016.1168869 Disease control/Moyens de lutte Potassium and phosphorus have no effect on severity of charcoal rot of soybean ALEMU MENGISTU1, XINHUA YIN2, NACER BELLALOUI3, ANGELA M. McCLURE2, DON D. TYLER4 AND KRISHNA N. REDDY5 1Crop Genetics Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Jackson, TN, 38301, USA 2Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Jackson, TN, 38301, USA 3Crop Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Stoneville, MS, 38776, USA 4Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Jackson, TN, 38301, USA 5Crop Production Systems Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Stoneville, MS, 38776, USA (Accepted 17 March 2016) Abstract: Charcoal rot of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] caused by Macrophomina phaseolina is a disease of economic significance throughout the world. The effects of potassium (K) and phosphorus (P) fertilizer on disease development are unknown. Therefore, two separate trials were conducted in the field during 2008, 2009 and 2010 at Jackson and Milan, TN, USA to evaluate the effects of K and P on severity of −1 −1 charcoal rot. Rates of K (0, 45, 90, 134 and 179 kg K2Oha ) and P (0, 22, 45, 67 and 90 kg P2O5 ha ) were used, with a sixth rate ranging from 0–22 for P and 0–37 for K equal to the recommended K or P fertilizer application based on annual soil testing. The colony forming units of M. phaseolina in soil indicated no significant response for any P treatments in five of six location-by-year and for K applications in all six location-by-year environments. -
Design Services for the Demolition of the Gastineau Apartment Building
Proposal: Design Services for the Demolition of the Gastineau Apartment Building In response to (C3) RFP E16-015 Submitted on 16 July, 2015 Contact: Dave Hurley, AIA Principal Architect NorthWind Architects [email protected] North Wind Architects, LLC 126 Seward St, Juneau AK 99801 P: 907-586-6150 F: 907-586-6181 Introduction Selection Committee, NorthWind Architects (NWA) is pleased to offer this proposal for design services for the demolition of the Gastineau Apartment Building including site stabilization and site preparation for potential future development. This proposal is unconventional, suggesting alternate approaches we believe will greatly increase the chances of successfully completing the work within a preferred schedule, anticipated budget, and without incident. We strongly suggest, regardless of who is awarded the work, that the project be approached in a manner as similar as possible to a Design-Build approach, with the understanding that this is not a Design-Build project. We appreciate your consideration. Having conducted a detailed condition assessment and temporary protection plan for the property Owner in 2013, we are very familiar with the structure. As you know, the plan, which was developed with Chris Gilberto, then with North Pacific Erectors, was never executed. Left unprotected for over two years, little is salvageable leaving the most efficient path forward to raze the building. This will also offer a future developer the most flexibility, increasing the chances that the site will in fact be developed. That said, NWA’s, JYL’s and R and M’s condition assessments of the building all concluded that it could be feasible to salvage the building’s primary structure, and NorthWind also began work on a proposal in 2013 to do just that. -
Fertilizer Guide
Jts - Using Wood Ashes in Fertilizer the Home Garden FG61 Guide Revised May 1982 Wood ashes can be useful as a fertilizer and magnesium oxides in fresh ash can react with liming material in home gardens, particularly on water to produce hydroxides or with carbon dioxide acid soils low in potassium. to produce carbonates. Calcium and magnesium oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates are found in Wood contains a small proportion of mineral, or commercial liming materials. inorganic matter. When wood is burned, mineral matter is left behind as a white-gray ash. Potassium (K) Hardwoods, or deciduous trees, when burned, produce a greater percent of ash than softwoods, Potassium is found in wood ash as potassium car- or conifers. Within a given tree, different bonate and potassium oxide. The potash content parts produce varying amounts of ash. Generally (K 0) of wood ash varies from 10 to 35%. These the percent of ash in the bark exceeds that of compounds, like lime, have a neutralizing effect the branches with the branches containing more on soil acidity. ash than the stem wood. The ash content not only Phosphorus (P) varies with tree species or the part of a tree, but also with the age of the tree, season of The content of phosphorus (as P^O ) in wood ash felling and method of burning. For woods in is usually less than 10%. temperate regions, the ash content usually ranges from 0.2% to 1.0%, occasionally approaching 3% to Fertilizer Value of Wood Ash 4%. The fertilizer value of wood ash depends on the Prior to World War II, wood ashes were used on a type of wood burned.