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Cladorchis Pyriformis (Diesing, 1838) (Digenea, Cladorchiidae): New Rodent Host and Geographic Records in Argentina

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Cladorchis Pyriformis (Diesing, 1838) (Digenea, Cladorchiidae): New Rodent Host and Geographic Records in Argentina 15 4 NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION Check List 15 (4): 645–650 https://doi.org/10.15560/15.4.645 Cladorchis pyriformis (Diesing, 1838) (Digenea, Cladorchiidae): new rodent host and geographic records in Argentina Natalia Beatriz Guerreiro Martins1, María del Rosario Robles1, Julia Inés Diaz1, John Michael Kinsella2, Graciela Teresa Navone1 1 Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores UNLP–CONICET. Boulevard 120 Nro 1460 e/ 61 y 62 (B1902CHX) La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. 2 HelmWest Laboratory, 2108 Hilda Ave., Missoula, Montana 59801, USA Corresponding author: Natalia Beatriz Guerreiro Martins, [email protected] Abstract This work contributes to the knowledge of digeneans in two species of Holochilus Brant, 1835 from nine localities of Argentina. Morphological characteristics and ecological data are provided. Holochilus vulpinus (Brants, 1827) and H. chacarius Thomas, 1906 were parasitized by only one digenean species, Cladorchis pyriformis (Diesing, 1838). The morphometric features of this species and those reported by previous authors from South America are presented and compared. Holochilus vulpinus and a locality of Corrientes province was the host most frequently parasitized. Cladorchis pyriformis is recorded for the first time inH. chacarius. Keywords Cricetidae, digeneans, Holochilus, Rodentia. Academic editor: Natalia Luchetti | Received 21 March 2019 | Accepted 1 July 2019 | Published 16 August 2019 Citation: Guerreiro Martins NB, Robles MR, Diaz JI, Kinsella JM, Navone GT (2019) Cladorchis pyriformis (Diesing, 1838) (Digenea, Cladorchiidae): new rodent host and geographic records in Argentina. Check List 15 (4): 645–650. https://doi.org/10.15560/15.4.645 Introduction and seven of Cricetidae, Akodon azarae (Fischer, 1829), Deltamys kempi Thomas, 1917, Holochilus vulpinus Digeneans are common parasites of small mammals (Brants, 1827), Oxymycterus rufus (Fischer, 1814), Oli- worldwide. Around 225 species of mammals are parasit- goryzomys flavescens (Waterhouse, 1837), Oligoryzo- ized by trematodes in South America. Thirty families of mys nigripes (Olfers, 1818), and Scapteromys aquaticus trematodes have been reported from Rodentia (Feliú et Thomas, 1920, have been reported as hosts of digeneans al. 2006; Fernandes et al. 2015). Until now, seven species (Lunaschi and Drago 2007; Navone et al. 2009). of digeneans were reported from Cricetidae in Argentina Among sigmodontinae rodents (Cricetidae), marsh (Lunaschi and Drago 2007). rats of the genus Holochilus are large herbivorous and Nearby 50 surveys on digeneans from mammals semiaquatic rodents. The genus is broadly distributed have been published from wild mammals in Argentina. throughout riparian or marshy habitats in tropical low- Only 28 mammals species (7%) grouped into 15 families lands of South America (Massoia 1971, 1976; Voglino et have been reported to be parasitized by Digenea (Lunas- al. 2004; Gonçalves et al. 2015). Holochilus sp. has been chi and Drago 2007). Among the rodents, only one spe- recorded harboring 11 nematode species (e.g. Durette- cies of Muridae, Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769) Desset et al. 1997; Notarnicola 2005; Notarnicola et al. Copyright Guerreiro Martins et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 646 Check List 15 (4) 2010; Digiani et al. 2013, 2015; Robles et al. 2018), and Helminths voucher specimens were deposited in the three digenean species, Cladorchis pyriformis (Diesing, Helminthological Collection from Museo de La Plata 1838), Urotrema scabridum Braum, 1990, and Schis- (MLP-He 7522, 7523, 7524), La Plata, Buenos Aires and tosoma mansoni Sambon, 1907 (Sutton and Lunaschi hosts in Mastozoological Collection from Museo de La 1990; Picot 1992; Lunaschi and Drago 2007; Fernandes Plata (MLP), MLP 27.XII.01.5, 27.XII.01.6, 27.XII.01.7 et al. 2015). (H. vulpinus from Estancia San Juan de Poriahú-ESJP) The present study contributes to the knowledge of and in Mastozoological Collection from Centro Nacio- the parasitism and distribution of digeneans in two Holo- nal Patagónico (CNP), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, CNP chilus species from different localities of northwestern 3720 (H. chacarius from Estación de Animales Silves- Argentina. Also, morphological characteristics and eco- tres Guaycolec–EASG). The catalog numbers of the col- logical data are provided. lection are waiting to be assigned, field number CG 848, CG 866 (H. vulpinus from Villa Elisa-VE). Methods The viscera of 29 marsh rats (10 H. vulpinus and 19 H. Results chacarius Thomas, 1906) were analyzed in order to New parasite records (Fig. 1). Argentina: Formosa find digenean specimens. Sigmodontinae rodents were province: Estación de Animales Silvestres Guaycolec trapped during various field studies by several collabora- (25°58′54″S, 58°09′58″W), Natalia Guerreiro Martins tors (see Acknowledgements) between 1994 and 2018 in coll., (56 specimens). Argentina: Corrientes province: Argentina (Table 1, Fig. 1). Estancia San Juan de Poriahú (27°42′06″S, 57°12′14″W), Digeneans found in the rodent’s caecum were Maria del Rosario Robles coll., (30 specimens). Argen- removed under a stereomicroscope (Olympus SZ61–TR), tina: Entre Ríos province: Villa Elisa (32°08′00″S, in some cases in the field and in other cases in the labora- 58°24′00″W), Natalia Guerreiro Martins coll., (19 tory after the fixation of the viscera. Subsequently, dige- specimens). neans were fixed in 5% formalin and preserved in 70% Both host species were parasitized by only one dige- ethanol. Some specimens were stained with hydrochloric nean species, which was identified as Cladorchis pyri- carmine, dehydrated in a graded ethanol series, cleared formis. A total of 49 digenean specimens were found in in eugenol, and mounted in natural Canada balsam. In fiveH. vulpinus analyzed (P = 50%, MI = 9.8, MA = 4.9), addition, serial histological sections of three specimens whereas 56 digenean specimens were found in only one were made for a complete study of the internal morphol- H. chacarius analyzed (P =5.3%, MI = 56, MA = 2.9). ogy. Whole specimens and sections were studied and The values of P, MI, and MA in the different sampling photographed using a polarized light microscope (Olym- areas were: 100%, 10 and 10 for ESJP; 66.7%, 9.5 and 6.3 pus BX51®). Two specimens were dried using the critical for VE; and 33.3%, 56 and 18.6 for EASG, respectively point method, examined and photographed by scanning (Table 1). electron microscopy (SEM) (JEOL, JSM 6360 LV). The ecological parameters prevalence (P), mean Identification. The measurements of the present speci- intensity (MI), and mean abundance (MA) were calcu- mens and those reported by previous authors from South lated according to Bush et al. (1997). America are presented in Table 2. Measurements of species are presented in Table 2 as The morphological characteristics of the speci- follows: mean, standard deviations, and range in paren- mens agree with those provided in the descriptions of theses. All measurements are given in millimeters (mm) C. pyriformis by Diesing (1838) and Fischoeder (1901), unless otherwise indicated. and with those observed by Sutton and Lunaschi (1990) Table 1. List of sampled localities of Holochilus chacarius and Holochilus vulpinus. Host species (n) Code Localities Latitude (S) Longitude (W) H. chacarius H. vulpinus 1 Instituto de Investigación para la Pequeña Agricultura Familiar del Noreste Ar- 25°12’00” 058°07’00” 13 – gentino (IPAF NEA), Laguna Blanca, Pilcomayo Departament, Formosa province 2 Estacion de Animales Silvestres Guaycolec, Formosa Departament, Formosa 25°58’54” 058°09’58” 3 – province 3 Selvas de Rio de Oro, Libertador General San Martín Departament, Chaco 26°46’51” 058°57’55” 3 – province 4 Estancia San Juan Poriahú, San Miguel Departament, Corrientes province 27°42’06” 057°12’14” – 3 5 Estancia San Nicolás, San Miguel Departament, Corrientes province 28°07’07” 057°25’34” – 1 6 Estancia El Cimarrón, RP 118, km 96, Corrientes province 28°06’41” 057°52’21” – 1 7 Paraje Atalaya, Santo Tomé Departament, Corrientes province 28°30’05” 056°02’04” – 1 8 Villa Elisa, Colón Departament, Entre Ríos province 32°08’00” 058°24’00” – 3 9 Punta Indio, Partido de Punta Piedras, Buenos Aires province 35°16’00” 057º15’00” – 1 The code numbers correspond to the localities as indicated Fig. 1. Guerreiro Martins et al. | Cladorchis pyriformis: new records in Argentina 647 Figure 1. Absence and presence of C. pyriformis in each sampled localities. parasitizing H. vulpinus: body somewhat pyriform, uterus intercaecal, dorsal to testes; excretory vesicle more convex dorsally than ventrally; tegument with small, dorsal to acetabulum; excretory pore posterodor- papillae; oral sucker with deverticles; long esophagus; sal to acetabulum. caeca sinuous, extended to or beyond level of ventroter- minal acetabulum (Fig. 2a–c); genital sucker and her- Discussion maphroditic duct present (Fig. 2d); genital pore bifurcal or postbifurcal; cirrus pouch dorsal to genital sucker, Cladorchis pyriformis is distinguished from the only seminal vesicle convoluted; testes branched or deeply other species of the genus, Cladorchis asper (Diesing, lobed, symmetrical in mid-region of body; ovary oval 1838), a parasite of Tapir, Tapirus terrestris (Linnaeus, and post–testicular; vitelline glands distributed from the 1758), from Brazil by
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