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The Friends of Hockley Viaduct

The City of Trust had campaigned for over twenty years for the viaduct to be properly maintained and brought into public use. Former chairman Michael Carden commented: “We saw in the Hampshire Chronicle that the Army had agreed to a request from Winchester Council to blow up the viaduct as a training exercise.... I wrote on behalf of the Trust to Field Marshall Lord Bramall (of Bushfield)... he assured me that the Army would never act in a case like The Friends of this if the matter were locally controversial, so hockley viaduct the offer had been withdrawn. He finished his Group letter with the words ‘good luck with the defence of Winchester’.” In 2007 a local Friends of Hockley Viaduct Group was set up to lobby for the structure to be properly preserved and for its future to be properly planned. The Friends regularly took local leaders to see the structure, keeping it in the local media and eventually persuading the City Council to allocate £500,000 towards essential repairs. This sum has since been almost doubled by contributions from Hampshire County Council, from Government through and from the LEADER rural funding programme in order to integrate the viaduct into National Cycle Route 23. The Friends also paid for the salvaging of the lattice mast signal from Network Rail following a tip-off from the South Western Circle, and are the signal base before George Beckett on supporting the next phase of the project which one of the visits to will see interpretation panels and other features the viaduct added to the route. The signal gantry before and after CEC0024-02759 Hockley panel 2 Timeline bobs_Layout 1 20/02/2013 09:57 Page 1

The Viaduct Story

1880 - The viaduct, also called the 1914 - In the First World War the 1968 - Winchester City Council then 2011 - WCC Council affirm their commitment Twyford Viaduct, was designed by viaduct was in the main supply constituted as The Mayor Aldermen to retaining the Hockley Viaduct as a feature engineer W R Galbraith and built route to France. Huge camps sprang and Citizens of the City of of local heritage interest; support in principle by the London and South Western up around Win¬chester with a Winchester, acquired the Viaduct for the completion of National Cycle Route Railway (LSWR). The viaduct branch line to Avington. from the British Railways Board as Network Route 23, as an integral part of the provided a link from the Didcot, 1942 - In the Second World War the part of a convey¬ance of old South of Winchester Park and Ride project Newbury and line was closed to pas¬sengers but railway land on 15 January 1968. and an impor¬tant link to the South Downs Rail¬way (DNSR), to the London used to carry military traffic for the Applications for statutory Way. Work begins on the project. South Western Railway’s (LSWR) invasion of Eu¬rope. In the year designation were rejected in 1984, main line. prior to D-Day 16,000 trains crossed 1990, 1997 and 2005. A plan for Hockley Viaduct’s single track joining the Army to blow it up is rejected. 2007 - The Friends of Hockley 1891 - The line was planned as a the main line to Southampton at Viaduct Trust was established to quicker route from the Midlands to the Shawford Junction onto the new lobby for the preservation and docks at Southampton, and opened loop line to . future maintenance of the structure. between Didcot and Newbury.. 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020

1885 - Didcot, Newbury & 1923 - Set up of the Big Four - a 1960 - The viaduct was last used 1998 - WCC Council commissioned 2013 - February Southampton Railway opened the name used to describe the four by the railway in the 1960s with a feasibility report: the ‘Hockley 26th 2013: Official extension to a new station at largest railway companies in the the Newbury to Winchester and Viaduct Access Project’ included a opening of Winchester (Chesil) in 1885 but United Kingdom in the period Southampton passenger service condition survey, structural Hockley Viaduct as finances could not be raised for the 1923-1947. finishing in March 1960. assessment and costings. This report part of National continuation to South¬ampton. The The Big Four were: was updated in 2005 by consulting Cycle Route LSWR stepped in and built a line from • Great Western Railway (GWR) engineers Waterman Civils and set Network Route 23, Win¬chester (Chesil) to their own main • London, Midland and Scottish 1966 - Freight services lingered on out three options for repairing the with Olympic Gold line at Shawford, where DN&S trains Railway (LMS) into the mid 1960s when the line viaduct (minimum, maintenance or Medallist Dani could use the main line into • London and North Eastern closed to all traffic in 1966. desirable repairs) ranging from King. Southampton. As part of the deal, GWR Railway (LNER) £569,100 to £1,066,100. locomotives had to be replaced by • Southern Railway (SR) LSWR locos at Winchester. CEC0024-02759 Hockley panel 3 A Short History_Layout 1 20/02/2013 09:58 Page 1

The Hockley Viaduct - A Short History

An impressive structure, spanning the River The railway line opened in 1891. It was closed to Itchen and the M3 motorway, the Hockley passengers in 1960, and to freight in 1966, under Winchester Viaduct is a lasting reminder of the heyday of the the Beeching Axe. Winchester City Council, then rail transport network. constituted as The Mayor Aldermen and Citizens of the City of Winchester, acquired the viaduct The viaduct once linked the Didcot, Newbury and from the British Railways Board as part of a Southampton Railway line with the London and conveyance of old railway land on 15 January South Western Railway (LSWR) main line which 1968. connected all the major towns and cities in Hampshire. Until recently, the viaduct had been in a state of disrepair, although well used by local dog walkers Consisting of 33 arches, it is over 600 metres and much loved as one of Winchester’s heritage long. It is largely constructed of concrete, but gems. In 2013, it takes on a new lease of life as with brickwork arches and parapets. The viaduct part of the National Cycle Route Network. Compton Twyford was built by the firm of Galbraith and Church under the supervision of W L Galbraith, who had completed several mass concrete railway viaducts Old map showing London and South Western in the West Country during 1889 and 1890. Railway with Viaduct highlighting in red.

full length shot of viaduct.

Painting of train crossing Viaduct. Chesil Station. CEC0024-02759 Hockley panel 4 Sustrans Cycle Route_Layout 1 20/02/2013 09:59 Page 1

Sustrans and the National Cycle Route Network

Sustrans was founded in 1977 to help people travel in Newbury Reading ways that benefit their health and the environment. Now a leading charity, the organisation works with Thatcham families, communities, policy makers and other agencies to encourage and enable people to travel by foot, bike or public transport for more of the journeys they make Farnham every day. New Alresford The first route which was created by Sustrans was the Alton Bristol and Bath Railway Path, a 17-mile traffic-free trail Winchester along a disused railway. The charity went on to set out Liss plans for a national network of routes in 1995 with a South Downs grant from the then newly-created National Lottery. Romsey Southampton Routes are a mixture of on-road and traffic-free. The length and popularity of the network has grown Gosport Havant enormously, and it now carries over a million walking and cycling journeys daily and passes within a mile of 57% of the population. The New Forest Portsmouth

The refurbishment of the Hockley Viaduct created an Newport opportunity to complete the final stretch of National Cycle Route Network Route 23 which now connects Reading all the way to Southampton, and on to Sandown in the . On road sections Large traffic-free The section through Winchester is one of the most sections exciting, running alongside the River Itchen, making use Proposed routes of parts of the old railway embankment and – of course - passing over the Hockley Viaduct. cycling on local stretch of the National Cycle Route CEC0024-02759 Hockley panel 5 Restoration_Layout 1 20/02/2013 10:00 Page 1

Restoring the Viaduct

As part of an eighteen month project, the viaduct New decking was installed and vegetation was has been carefully restored and the onward links to cleared along the trackbed and further afield, to National Cycle Route 23 developed. prevent future damage. Then, to complete the links to Route 23, ramps were created onto the Water had seeped into the viaduct, filling the cavity railway embankment and scrub was cleared along between the cement core and the outer brickwork, almost two miles of the path. creating pressure on the bricks and leaving them permanently wet. There was serious damage to the The project would not have been possible without mortar, caused by the roots of ivy and buddleia the co-operation of local landowners, such as plants which were flourishing on the exterior of the Winchester College and Hampshire County viaduct. The parapet walls were crumbling, and Council, across whose fields the Route lies. coping stones falling off: some still lie in the river beneath. The works often required specialist skills, and were carried out in a way which ensured minimum disruption to local wildlife. CEC0024-02759 Hockley panel 6 Logos_Layout 1 20/02/2013 10:00 Page 1

Hockley Viaduct supported by:

Winchester & East Hants Local Action Group