Le Vodou HAITI
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Breaking the Waves: Voodoo Magic in the Russian Cultural Ecumene
Breaking the Waves: Voodoo Magic in the Russian Cultural Ecumene Galina Lindquist, University ofStockholm Introduction Globalization has become one of those contested terms that, having originated in the social sciences, seeped out into popular discourse, contributing to the already considerable tool-kit of late modem reflexivity. Like other such terms that have escaped tight disciplinary boundaries-most notably "culture"-"globalization" has been widely and diversely used (some would say misused), questioned, and contested. According to some, the global world carries with it unprecedented possibilities of a better life for all (Gates 1995). Others say that this point of view is itself a stance of cultural imperialism or that it reflects an utter lack of touch with the reality of inequality, dominance, and exploitation (Bauman 1998). But this reality is itself a global condition. Scholars who look for a theoretical compromise offer a minimnalistic understanding of globalization as a recognition of empirical conditions of "complex connectivity:...a dense network of unexpected interconnections and interdependencies" (Tomlinson 1999:2) that have become a feature of life in the world's most distant nooks and crannies. In this paper, I consider an empirical case of such unexpected, and indeed bizarre, interconnectedness. However, I start not from the idea of the "global," but, instead, from the notion of ecumene as proposed by Hannerz (1996). In his usage, adapted from Kroeber (1945), ecumene, "the entire inhabited world as Greeks then understood it," is an area of "connectedness and reachability,...of interactions, exchanges and related developments" (Hannerz 1996:7). In other words, ecumene is the world conceived as a single place, but, significantly, seen from a certain point of view by a situated cultural subject. -
Vodou and Political Reform in Haiti: Some Lessons for the International Community
VODOU AND POLITICAL REFORM IN HAITI: SOME LESSONS FOR THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY JOHN MERRILL The record of attempts by developed nations to promote democracy in the developing world is, at best, uneven. Foreign efforts to build democracy in places as diverse as Somalia and Vietnam have failed, in part because of developed nations' inability to understand traditional culture and religion. These foreigners have bypassed traditional local cultures in their designs for political reform, missing opportunities to lash reforms onto structures familiar to the people of the region. Today, the political potential of religious and cultural institutions remains largely untapped. Haiti, a chronic example of this problem, may provide the international community an opportunity to change its approach to intervention. Through- out Haiti's turbulent history, foreign attempts to influence its political dynamic invariably have been unsuccessful. Some initiatives have succeeded briefly but have failed over the longer term, in part because foreigners or Haitian elites who sought to control the nation's political behavior routinely have misunderstood, ignored, trivialized, or suppressed fundamental tenets of tra- ditional Haitian culture. Policies conceived first in Paris during the colonial era, then at the Vatican, later in Washington during the U.S. Marine occupation of 1915-1934, and most recently by the United Nations, have all tended to provoke internal friction and exacerbate social divisions, making stable gov- ernance and political development even more elusive. But the history of foreign initiatives in Haiti need not necessarily determine the outcome of the current attempt by the international community to con- tribute to Haiti's recovery and rehabilitation. -
Vodou, Serving the Spirits
Afro-Caribbean Vodou, Serving the Spirits Vodou, Serving the Spirits Summary: Vodou (meaning "spirit" or "god" in the Fon and Ewe languages of West Africa) is a blending (syncretism) of African religious traditions and Catholicism. In the United States, Vodou religious ceremonies are often performed in private group settings where spirits manifest in devotees through posession. The term "Vodou" derives from a word meaning “spirit” or “god” in the Fon and Ewe languages of West Africa. It has come to be used as the name for the religious traditions of Haiti, which blend Fon, Kongo, and Yoruba African religions with French Catholicism. However, while Haitians themselves speak more often of “serving the spirits,” today they also use the term Vodou. Since the late 1950s, with the Haitian immigrant and refugee population increasing in the United States, these traditions of “serving the spirits” have become part of the American religious landscape. By the late 18th century, the Caribbean island of St. Domingue, or Hispaniola, of which Haiti occupies the western third, had already received considerably more African captives than Cuba or the United States would receive throughout their participation in the slave trade. Nearly half of the laborers who worked the island’s sugar plantations came from West and Central Africa. After the Haitian revolution made Haiti an independent nation in 1804, the influx of African slaves was cut off, but the large Haitian citizenry of African descent continued to develop elaborate African-inspired traditions. The Vodou gods or spirits, called lwa, are grouped into several “nations,” linked to areas and peoples in Africa. -
The Blood of the Land: Haitian Vodou
THE BLOOD OF THE LAND: HAITIAN VODOU Michael S. VanHook International Strategic Alliances The Blood of the Land: Haitian Vodou 2 THE BLOOD OF LAND: HAITIAN VODOU Michael S. VanHook, International Strategic Alliances Copyright © 2020 by Michael S. VanHook All rights reserved. This resource is provided to give context and essential background information for those persons with an interest in serving the people of Haiti. It is made available without charge by the publisher, ISA Publishing Group, a division of International Strategic Alliances, Inc. Scanning, uploading, and electronic sharing is permitted. If you would like to use material from this book, please contact the publisher at [email protected]. Thank you for your support. ISA Publishing Group A division of International Strategic Alliances, Inc. P.O. Box 691 West Chester, OH 45071 For more information about the work of International Strategic Alliances, contact us at [email protected]. For more information about the author or for speaking engagements, contact him at [email protected]. The Blood of the Land: Haitian Vodou 3 THE BLOOD OF THE LAND: HAITIAN VODOU Michael S. VanHook, International Strategic Alliances INTRODUCTION 4 HISTORY 6 Transformed by Cruelty 7 Bois Caïman 9 Independent Isolation 11 “A Goat Without Horns” 15 Occupied Vodou 18 “The Principle Slave of Satan” 24 Summoning the Spirits 25 THEOLOGY 31 Haitian Vodou is a polytheistic religion 31 The Loas 31 Haitian Vodou is a syncretic religion 40 Vodou is an animistic religion 44 Haitian Vodou is magic 45 The Blood of the Land: Haitian Vodou 4 PRACTICES 53 The Priesthood 53 Ceremonies and Rituals 55 Black Magic 61 REVERBERATIONS 63 Fatalism 63 Christian Mission 65 Personal Note 70 GLOSSARY 72 BIBLIOGRAPHY 78 Resources 78 Images 80 AUTHOR 84 The Blood of the Land: Haitian Vodou 5 Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION Tanbou bat nan raje, men se lakay li vin danse – The drum is beaten in the grass, but it is at home that it comes to dance. -
Drapo Vodou: Sacred Standards of Haitian Vodou
UC Santa Barbara UC Santa Barbara Previously Published Works Title Drapo Vodou: Sacred Standards of Haitian Vodou Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5mc5w4g2 Journal Flag Research Quarterly, 2(3-4) Author Platoff, Anne M. Publication Date 2015-08-01 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California FLAG RESEARCH QUARTERLY REVUE TRIMESTRIELLE DE RECHERCHE EN VEXILLOLOGIE AUGUST / AOÛT 2015 No. 7 ARTICLE A research publication of the North American Vexillological Association / Une publication de recherche de Drapo Vodou: Sacred l‘Association nord-américaine de vexillologie Standards of Haitian Vodou By ANNE M. PLATOFF* Introduction The field of vexillology is, by nature, a multidisciplinary one. It is difficult to understand the significance of an individual flag or group of flags without exam- ining the context within which those objects were created and are used. This paper will present a case study of a multidisciplinary investigation of one type of flags. Haitian Vodou flags (drapo Vodou) are little known to vexillologists, but have been studied by scholars in the fields of art, anthropology, African-American studies, and other disciplines. An investigation of prior scholarship from these areas demon- strates that this category of flags is not only significantly different than the flags usually examined by vexillologists, but they also have much to teach us about the study of flags as a multidisciplinary exercise. There are several books that are focused on Vodou flags. Patrick Arthur Polk, a prolific researcher on the topic, has produced a colorful and informative book titled Haitian Vodou Flags (1999). In his book, Polk summarizes information compiled in the preparation of his Ph.D. -
Kongo Presence in Contemporary Art of the Americas Jennifer Potter College of Fine Arts, University of Florida
Across the Waters: Kongo Presence in Contemporary Art of the Americas Jennifer Potter College of Fine Arts, University of Florida The Fall 2013 international exhibition Kongo across the Waters at the Harn Museum of Art will celebrate the 500th anniversary of the beginning of African presence in the state of Florida by featuring art associated with the Kongo people of Central Africa and the later African Diaspora, including the work of several contemporary artists. These contemporary artists incorporate Kongo and Kongo- influenced spiritual and cultural concepts into their work, but they do so in different ways based on the individual relationships that they cultivate with these traditional ideas. This study will explore and analyze the distinctively Kongo aspects of pieces by specific contemporary artists featured in the exhibition. Ultimately, the presence of fundamental Kongo concepts in their art emphasizes the enduring impact of Kongo ideas on contemporary culture. The Atlantic slave trade brought about the forced when Ne Kongo came down from heaven bearing the first migration of Africans, mostly from West and Central healing medicine, called an nkisi, that was held in an Africa, to the Americas. As they physically moved across earthenware vessel. Beneath this supreme creator god was the waters, Africans inevitably brought their cultural, a pantheon of ancestors and immortal sprits called bisimbi spiritual, and artistic ideas with them, many of which that also contributed to Kongo religious practice.2 originate among the Kongo peoples. 1 These ideas and practices transformed, merged, and adapted over time, but Minkisi some still endure to the present day, although they may exist in different forms. -
Haitian Vodou and Voodoo: Imagined Religion and Popular Culture Adam M
Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses http://sir.sagepub.com/ Haitian Vodou and Voodoo: Imagined Religion and Popular Culture Adam M. McGee Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 2012 41: 231 originally published online 25 April 2012 DOI: 10.1177/0008429812441311 The online version of this article can be found at: http://sir.sagepub.com/content/41/2/231 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalf of: The Canadian Corporation for Studies in Religion Additional services and information for Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses can be found at: Email Alerts: http://sir.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://sir.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations: http://sir.sagepub.com/content/41/2/231.refs.html Downloaded from sir.sagepub.com at Harvard Libraries on August 16, 2012 >> Version of Record - Jun 12, 2012 OnlineFirst Version of Record - Apr 25, 2012 What is This? Downloaded from sir.sagepub.com at Harvard Libraries on August 16, 2012 Studies in Religion / Sciences Religieuses 41(2) 231–256 ª The Author(s) / Le(s) auteur(s), 2012 Haitian Vodou and Reprints and permission/ Reproduction et permission: Voodoo: Imagined sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0008429812441311 Religion and Popular sr.sagepub.com Culture Adam M. McGee Harvard University Abstract: Vodou is frequently invoked as a cause of Haiti’s continued impoverishment. While scholarly arguments have been advanced for why this is untrue, Vodou is persistently plagued by a poor reputation. This is buttressed, in part, by the frequent appearance in popular culture of the imagined religion of ‘‘voodoo.’’ Vodou and voodoo have entwined destinies, and Vodou will continue to suffer from ill repute as long as voodoo remains an outlet for the expression of racist anxieties. -
Voodoo Prayers Said with a Rosary, ! All Witchcraft Scourges, ! Whips, Hooks and the Use of Cillus6
VOODOO Background and Prayer of Repentance ... sever all ties to the world’s oldest known religion. Amanda Buys’ Spiritual Covering This is a product of Kanaan Ministries, a non-profit ministry under the covering of: • Roly, Amanda’s husband for more than thirty-five years. • River of Life Family Church Pastor Edward Gibbens Vanderbijlpark South Africa Tel: +27 (0) 16 982 3022 Fax: +27 (0) 16 982 2566 Email: [email protected] There is no copyright on this material. However, no part may be reproduced and/or presented for personal gain. All rights to this material are reserved to further the Kingdom of our Lord Jesus Christ ONLY. For further information or to place an order, please contact us at: P.O. Box 15253 27 John Vorster Avenue Panorama Plattekloof Ext. 1 7506 Panorama 7500 Cape Town Cape Town South Africa South Africa Tel: +27 (0) 21 930 7577 Fax: 086 681 9458 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.kanaanministries.org Office hours: Monday to Friday, 9 AM to 3 PM Kanaan International Website Website: www.eu.kanaanministries.org Preface These prayers have been written according to personal opinions and convictions, which are gathered from many counseling sessions and our interpretation of the Word of GOD, the Bible. In no way have these prayers been written to discriminate against any persons, churches, organizations, and/or political parties. We ask therefore that you handle this book in the same manner. What does it mean to renounce something? To renounce means to speak of one’s self. If something has been renounced it has been rejected, cut off, or the individual is refusing to follow or obey. -
The Afro-Diasporic Body in Haitian Vodou and the Transcending of Gendered Cartesian Corporeality
Kunapipi Volume 30 Issue 2 Article 4 2008 The afro-diasporic body in haitian vodou and the transcending of gendered cartesian corporeality Roberto Strongman Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/kunapipi Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons Recommended Citation Strongman, Roberto, The afro-diasporic body in haitian vodou and the transcending of gendered cartesian corporeality, Kunapipi, 30(2), 2008. Available at:https://ro.uow.edu.au/kunapipi/vol30/iss2/4 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] The afro-diasporic body in haitian vodou and the transcending of gendered cartesian corporeality Abstract As a social construct, the body is pieced together differently in every cultural context. The discourse of embodiment in the Western philosophical tradition contrasts sharply with the more modular conceptualisation of the body found in Afro-Diasporic religious cultures. An explication of some canonical texts of Western philosophy and some filmic and literary texts from Haiti can demonstrate how these contrasting understandings of the body produce unique gendered and sexual categories of being. This journal article is available in Kunapipi: https://ro.uow.edu.au/kunapipi/vol30/iss2/4 11 Roberto STRoNGMAN The Afro-Diasporic body in Haitian Vodou and the Transcending of Gendered Cartesian Corporeality As a social construct, the body is pieced together differently in every cultural context. The discourse of embodiment in the Western philosophical tradition contrasts sharply with the more modular conceptualisation of the body found in Afro-Diasporic religious cultures. -
A Glimpse Into Vodou Paul Touloute
A Glimpse into Vodou Paul Touloute Since creation, human beings have always desired to investigate the invisible world. This led to many philosophies and religious tendencies that account for many religions in the world. Vodou, one of those, is practiced throughout the world under various names. Slaves from various African tribes were able to preserve it in Haiti. The attempt of this article shall be to investigate Vodou beliefs for a better understanding of them as well as an honest and respectful communication with people holding them. 1. A DESCRIPTION OF VODOU 1.1. Alternative Designations Vodou permeates the whole Caribbean basin and also extends to some American states. Vodou is the traditional and popular religion of Haiti. This pantheistic religion, that has affinity with many other religions and mythologies, is known in Cuba and throughout South America under names such as hoodoo, santeria, chango, naniguismo, candomble, and macumba. Even in Haiti it is designated as Vodoun, Vaudou, Vodou, Vodu, and Voodoo. First, it was named differently among the various African lines; second, Haitian Creole varies much both in orthography and phonetics because it is developed from many languages and dialects1; and third, it builds heavily on French, the other official language of Haiti. The term “Vodou” that the Haitian majority use to describe this belief system comes from vo: introspection and du: into the unknown. Thus, Vodou means “introspection into the unknown.” For the sake of uniformity, and because it is closer to the most common and standardized spelling of the common language of Haiti, the author of this article will depart from the spelling of some of his sources and adopt “V-o-d-o-u” to mean any of the above spellings. -
Vodou Songs in Haitian Creole and English Is Crucial for Understanding the Vodouist’S Perspective
CHAPTER 1 The World of Vodou Songs The Roots of Vodou Vodou is the hereditary spiritual tradition of African descendants in Haiti (Jil and Jil 2009). Th roughout the ages, Vodou has been transmitted by the elders to the children: Depi m piti, m ap chante pou lwa yo. Since I was small, I have been singing for the lwa.2 Se pa ti nèg ki te montre m chante o. Oh it wasn’t a little guy who showed me how to sing. Adje, kite m montre chante Bondje! Oh heavens, let me teach God’s songs! Depi nan vant manman m, Ever since my mother’s womb, gwo lwa m yo reklame mwen. Bilolo!1 my great lwa have claimed me. Bilolo! Vodou, or serving the lwa (spiritual beings and forces), is a religion, philosophy, culture and way of life that comes mainly from two major regions in Africa: Dahomey (Benin, Nigeria) and the Kongo. Dahomey was a large African king- dom and empire that spanned three centuries until the French invasion and colonization in 1892.3 It included parts of the countries currently known as Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, and Benin, the seat of its power. Fon, Yorùbá, and Ewe were the three important Dahomian ethnolinguistic groups in the early colo- nial period of Saint-Domingue (c. 1680–1750; see Bellegarde-Smith 2006). Th e second major infl uence came from the Kongo, which supplied the majority of slaves in the late colonial period (c. 1750–1791). On the eve of the Haitian Revolution in 1791, the Kongo population equaled the Dahomian population (Jil and Jil 2009: 199). -
African Symbols: Adinkra
African Symbols: Adinkra The Adinkra symbols were originally designed by "Asante" Craftsment of Ghana, West Africa. The symbols embody non-verbal communicative and aesthetic values, as well as the way of life of the people who designed them. The symbols are usually printed on cotton fabric to produce "Adinkra cloths," which may be worn on such celebrative occasions as child naming, community durbars and funerary rituals. Each of the symbols has its Asante name and an accompanying literal English translation. Ako-ben symbolizes the call Akoma symbolizes the Aya symbolizes the fern. It also to arms; a willingness to take heart and asks for patience means "I am not afraid of you." action. It is a version of the and endurance. "Nya- A symbol of defiance. war horn. akoma", or "take heart." Nkonsonkonso symbolizes Nosoroma symbolizes a Ntesi-Matemasi symbolizes human relations. We are linked in star; a child of the heavens. wisdom and knowledge. both life and death; those who "A child of the Supreme "Nyasa bun mu nne mate share blood relations never break Being, I do not depend on masie masie." apart. myself. My illumination is only a reflection of His." Pa-gya symbolizes war. To Penpamsie symbolizes Sank ofa symbolizes the strike fire or make fire. strength in unity; that which wisdom in learning from the past will not be crushed. in building for the future. (It is "Penpamise see bebirebe not a taboo to go back and ahocden ne koroye." retrieve what you have forgotten.) Gye Nyame is the symbol of the omnipotence and immortality of God.