Smokeless Tobacco and Public Health in India
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Trends in Bidi and Cigarette Smoking in India from 1998 to 2015, by Age, Gender and Education
Research Trends in bidi and cigarette smoking in India from 1998 to 2015, by age, gender and education Sujata Mishra,1 Renu Ann Joseph,1 Prakash C Gupta,2 Brendon Pezzack,1 Faujdar Ram,3 Dhirendra N Sinha,4 Rajesh Dikshit,5 Jayadeep Patra,1 Prabhat Jha1 To cite: Mishra S, ABSTRACT et al Key questions Joseph RA, Gupta PC, . Objectives: Smoking of cigarettes or bidis (small, Trends in bidi and cigarette locally manufactured smoked tobacco) in India has smoking in India from 1998 What is already known about this topic? likely changed over the last decade. We sought to to 2015, by age, gender and ▸ India has over 100 million adult smokers, the education. BMJ Global Health document trends in smoking prevalence among second highest number of smokers in the world – 2016;1:e000005. Indians aged 15 69 years between 1998 and 2015. after China. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2015- Design: Comparison of 3 nationally representative ▸ There are already about 1 million adult deaths 000005 surveys representing 99% of India’s population; the per year from smoking. Special Fertility and Mortality Survey (1998), the Sample Registration System Baseline Survey (2004) What are the new findings? and the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (2010). ▸ The age-standardised prevalence of smoking Setting: India. declined modestly among men aged 15–69 years, ▸ Additional material is Participants: About 14 million residents from 2.5 but the absolute number of male smokers at these published online only. To million homes, representative of India. ages grew from 79 million in 1998 to 108 million view please visit the journal in 2015. -
Trends in Bidi and Cigarette Smoking in India from 1998 to 2015, by Age, Gender and Education
Research BMJ Glob Health: first published as 10.1136/bmjgh-2015-000005 on 6 April 2016. Downloaded from Trends in bidi and cigarette smoking in India from 1998 to 2015, by age, gender and education Sujata Mishra,1 Renu Ann Joseph,1 Prakash C Gupta,2 Brendon Pezzack,1 Faujdar Ram,3 Dhirendra N Sinha,4 Rajesh Dikshit,5 Jayadeep Patra,1 Prabhat Jha1 To cite: Mishra S, ABSTRACT et al Key questions Joseph RA, Gupta PC, . Objectives: Smoking of cigarettes or bidis (small, Trends in bidi and cigarette locally manufactured smoked tobacco) in India has smoking in India from 1998 What is already known about this topic? likely changed over the last decade. We sought to to 2015, by age, gender and ▸ India has over 100 million adult smokers, the education. BMJ Global Health document trends in smoking prevalence among second highest number of smokers in the world – 2016;1:e000005. Indians aged 15 69 years between 1998 and 2015. after China. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2015- Design: Comparison of 3 nationally representative ▸ There are already about 1 million adult deaths 000005 surveys representing 99% of India’s population; the per year from smoking. Special Fertility and Mortality Survey (1998), the Sample Registration System Baseline Survey (2004) What are the new findings? and the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (2010). ▸ The age-standardised prevalence of smoking Setting: India. declined modestly among men aged 15–69 years, ▸ Additional material is Participants: About 14 million residents from 2.5 but the absolute number of male smokers at these published online only. To million homes, representative of India. -
Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act’’
H. R. 1256 One Hundred Eleventh Congress of the United States of America AT THE FIRST SESSION Begun and held at the City of Washington on Tuesday, the sixth day of January, two thousand and nine An Act To protect the public health by providing the Food and Drug Administration with certain authority to regulate tobacco products, to amend title 5, United States Code, to make certain modifications in the Thrift Savings Plan, the Civil Service Retirement System, and the Federal Employees’ Retirement System, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, DIVISION A—FAMILY SMOKING PRE- VENTION AND TOBACCO CONTROL ACT SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. (a) SHORT TITLE.—This division may be cited as the ‘‘Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act’’. (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents of this division is as follows: Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. Sec. 2. Findings. Sec. 3. Purpose. Sec. 4. Scope and effect. Sec. 5. Severability. Sec. 6. Modification of deadlines for Secretarial action. TITLE I—AUTHORITY OF THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION Sec. 101. Amendment of Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. Sec. 102. Final rule. Sec. 103. Conforming and other amendments to general provisions. Sec. 104. Study on raising the minimum age to purchase tobacco products. Sec. 105. Enforcement action plan for advertising and promotion restrictions. Sec. 106. Studies of progress and effectiveness. TITLE II—TOBACCO PRODUCT WARNINGS; CONSTITUENT AND SMOKE CONSTITUENT DISCLOSURE Sec. 201. Cigarette label and advertising warnings. -
Tool 2. Stakeholder-Specific Arguments for Tobacco Control
TOOL 2. STAKEHOLDER-SPECIFIC ARGUMENTS FOR TOBACCO CONTROL This tool provides arguments to convince different sectors and stakeholders to support and actively engage in tobacco control and actively participate in the NCM. The tool will also help health ministry officials answer questions from representatives of other sectors, and articulate a clear vision for why a whole-of-government approach is critical for tobacco control and related sustainable development objectives. Efforts to generate whole-of-government responses to tobacco control typically fail where tobacco is presented as a health challenge only. NCM engagement should be presented as more than just a benefit to, and responsibility of, the health sector. Clear, convincing and sector-specific arguments can take several forms, discussed below. Those involved in tobacco control planning should consider which line of argument or combination of arguments is most likely to persuade in a given context. The first argument is to emphasize whole-of-government efforts and policy coherence as necessary to fulfill WHO FCTC obligations. Entire governments sign the WHO FCTC, and thus it is legally incumbent upon all relevant government sectors to implement the treaty’s provisions. This means that different sectors are legally obliged to reconcile any contradictions between their mandates and the WHO FCTC. That the WHO FCTC is a legally binding international treaty, with reporting requirements, should be considered in priority setting discussions across ministries. Ministries could also be -
American Indian Views of Smoking: Risk and Protective Factors
Volume 1, Issue 2 (December 2010) http://www.hawaii.edu/sswork/jivsw http://hdl.handle.net/10125/12527 E-ISSN 2151-349X pp. 1-18 ‘This Tobacco Has Always Been Here for Us,’ American Indian Views of Smoking: Risk and Protective Factors Sandra L. Momper Beth Glover Reed University of Michigan University of Michigan Mary Kate Dennis University of Michigan Abstract We utilized eight talking circles to elicit American Indian views of smoking on a U.S. reservation. We report on (1) the historical context of tobacco use among Ojibwe Indians; (2) risk factors that facilitate use: peer/parental smoking, acceptability/ availability of cigarettes; (3) cessation efforts/ inhibiting factors for cessation: smoking while pregnant, smoking to reduce stress , beliefs that cessation leads to debilitating withdrawals; and (4) protective factors that inhibit smoking initiation/ use: negative health effects of smoking, parental and familial smoking behaviors, encouragement from youth to quit smoking, positive health benefits, “cold turkey” quitting, prohibition of smoking in tribal buildings/homes. Smoking is prevalent, but protective behaviors are evident and can assist in designing culturally sensitive prevention, intervention and cessation programs. Key Words American Indians • Native Americans • Indigenous • tobacco • smoking • community based research Acknowledgments We would like to say thank you (Miigwetch) to all tribal members for their willingness to share their stories and work with us, and in particular, the Research Associate and Observer (Chi-Miigwetch). This investigation was supported by the National Institutes of Health under Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award T32 DA007267 via the University of Michigan Substance Abuse Research Center (UMSARC). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH or UMSARC. -
Impact-Of-Tobacco-Use-On-Cancer-In
Page 2 Executive Summary Tobacco use remains the world’s most preventable cause of death. Despite decades of declines in cigarette smoking prevalence, almost one-third of cancer deaths in the United States are still caused by smoking. This report describes the prevalence of tobacco use and its impact on cancers associated with tobacco use in Ohio. Key findings from this report include: • In 2016, 22.5 percent of Ohio adults ages 18 and older were current cigarette smokers compared to the median prevalence of 17.1 percent in the United States. • In Ohio in 2016, 2.7 percent of Ohio adults were cigar smokers, 5.7 percent used electronic cigarettes and 4.7 percent used smokeless tobacco. • The prevalence of current smoking among Ohio adults has decreased over the past 20 years. Groups for which the prevalence of current smoking was higher in 2016 include those ages 25 to 44, males, those with lower household income and education, lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender adults, and those who have a disability or poor mental health. • County-level smoking prevalence among adult residents of Ohio ranged from 14 percent to 25 percent. Smoking was more common among residents of southern counties in Ohio. Cancer incidence and mortality rates were also highest in southern Ohio as well as southeastern Ohio. • Cigarette use among Ohio high school students decreased 74.5 percent from 2000 to 2016; however, this may partially be due to the increase in -e cigarette use in youth. • According to the U.S. Surgeon General, tobacco smoking is associated with 12 cancer sites/types. -
Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control and Federal Retirement Reform
PUBLIC LAW 111–31—JUNE 22, 2009 FAMILY SMOKING PREVENTION AND TOBACCO CONTROL AND FEDERAL RETIREMENT REFORM VerDate Nov 24 2008 08:41 Jun 25, 2009 Jkt 079139 PO 00031 Frm 00001 Fmt 6579 Sfmt 6579 E:\PUBLAW\PUBL031.111 APPS06 PsN: PUBL031 dkrause on GSDDPC29 with PUBLIC LAWS 123 STAT. 1776 PUBLIC LAW 111–31—JUNE 22, 2009 Public Law 111–31 111th Congress An Act To protect the public health by providing the Food and Drug Administration with certain authority to regulate tobacco products, to amend title 5, United States June 22, 2009 Code, to make certain modifications in the Thrift Savings Plan, the Civil Service [H.R. 1256] Retirement System, and the Federal Employees’ Retirement System, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, Family Smoking DIVISION A—FAMILY SMOKING PRE- Prevention and Tobacco Control VENTION AND TOBACCO CONTROL Act. ACT SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 21 USC 301 note. (a) SHORT TITLE.—This division may be cited as the ‘‘Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act’’. (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents of this division is as follows: Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. Sec. 2. Findings. Sec. 3. Purpose. Sec. 4. Scope and effect. Sec. 5. Severability. Sec. 6. Modification of deadlines for Secretarial action. TITLE I—AUTHORITY OF THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION Sec. 101. Amendment of Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. Sec. 102. Final rule. Sec. 103. Conforming and other amendments to general provisions. -
Sacred Smoking
FLORIDA’SBANNER INDIAN BANNER HERITAGE BANNER TRAIL •• BANNERPALEO-INDIAN BANNER ROCK BANNER ART? • • THE BANNER IMPORTANCE BANNER OF SALT american archaeologySUMMER 2014 a quarterly publication of The Archaeological Conservancy Vol. 18 No. 2 SACRED SMOKING $3.95 $3.95 SUMMER 2014 americana quarterly publication of The Archaeological archaeology Conservancy Vol. 18 No. 2 COVER FEATURE 12 HOLY SMOKE ON BY DAVID MALAKOFF M A H Archaeologists are examining the pivitol role tobacco has played in Native American culture. HLEE AS 19 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SALT BY TAMARA STEWART , PHOTO BY BY , PHOTO M By considering ethnographic evidence, researchers EU S have arrived at a new interpretation of archaeological data from the Verde Salt Mine, which speaks of the importance of salt to Native Americans. 25 ON THE TRAIL OF FLORIDA’S INDIAN HERITAGE TION, SOUTH FLORIDA MU TION, SOUTH FLORIDA C BY SUSAN LADIKA A trip through the Tampa Bay area reveals some of Florida’s rich history. ALLANT COLLE ALLANT T 25 33 ROCK ART REVELATIONS? BY ALEXANDRA WITZE Can rock art tell us as much about the first Americans as stone tools? 38 THE HERO TWINS IN THE MIMBRES REGION BY MARC THOMPSON, PATRICIA A. GILMAN, AND KRISTINA C. WYCKOFF Researchers believe the Mimbres people of the Southwest painted images from a Mesoamerican creation story on their pottery. 44 new acquisition A PRESERVATION COLLABORATION The Conservancy joins forces with several other preservation groups to save an ancient earthwork complex. 46 new acquisition SAVING UTAH’S PAST The Conservancy obtains two preserves in southern Utah. 48 point acquisition A TIME OF CONFLICT The Parkin phase of the Mississippian period was marked by warfare. -
C-235-M-131-1922-XI BI.Pdf
UBE àH C SOCIETE DES NATIONS. C. 235. M.131. 1922,XI. cd i/20383/20383 Genève, le 5 mai, 1922» OPIUM I I D I E IT. Le document ci-joint est communiqué, aur la demande du "India Office” , aux Membres d e la Société, à titre d1information, I I I! I A N OPIUM. The attached paper is circulated, at the request of the India Office, for the information of the Members of the League. THE TRUTH ABOUT INDIAN OPIUM BY G. GRAHAM DIXON. Printed for and issued by T h e I n d u s t r i e s a n d O v e r s e a s D e p a r t m e n t , I n d ia O f f i c e , W h i t e h a l l , S.W. 1. Printed by His Majesty's Stationery OrficE. 1922. THE TRUTH ABOUT INDIAN OPIUM. CONTENTS. P aiîe C h a p t e r 1.—The Royal Commission on Opium in India • 1 C h a p t e r II.—The Production of Opium in India - ■ 4 C h a p t e r III.—The Consumption of Opium in India - 8 C h a p t e r IV.—Opium Smoking in India proper and Burma • 13 C h a p t e r V.—The Export of Opium from India ■ 16 C h a p t e r VI.—The Hague Convention ■ 29 C h a p t e r "VII.—The Position of India in relation to the World’s Opium Problem ' - - - - 38 B ibliography - - - - - - - 12 T a b l e s . -
A Review of Tobacco Harm Reduction Hearing Committee on Energy and Commerce House of Representatives
CAN TOBACCO CURE SMOKING? A REVIEW OF TOBACCO HARM REDUCTION HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, TRADE, AND CONSUMER PROTECTION OF THE COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND COMMERCE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED EIGHTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION JUNE 3, 2003 Serial No. 108–31 Printed for the use of the Committee on Energy and Commerce ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/house VerDate 11-MAY-2000 10:52 Sep 04, 2003 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 6011 Sfmt 6011 87489.TXT HCOM1 PsN: HCOM1 VerDate 11-MAY-2000 10:52 Sep 04, 2003 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 6011 Sfmt 6011 87489.TXT HCOM1 PsN: HCOM1 CAN TOBACCO CURE SMOKING? A REVIEW OF TOBACCO HARM REDUCTION VerDate 11-MAY-2000 10:52 Sep 04, 2003 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6019 Sfmt 6019 87489.TXT HCOM1 PsN: HCOM1 VerDate 11-MAY-2000 10:52 Sep 04, 2003 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 6019 Sfmt 6019 87489.TXT HCOM1 PsN: HCOM1 CAN TOBACCO CURE SMOKING? A REVIEW OF TOBACCO HARM REDUCTION HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, TRADE, AND CONSUMER PROTECTION OF THE COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND COMMERCE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED EIGHTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION JUNE 3, 2003 Serial No. 108–31 Printed for the use of the Committee on Energy and Commerce ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.access.gpo.gov/congress/house U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 87–489PDF WASHINGTON : 2003 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2250 Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate 11-MAY-2000 10:52 Sep 04, 2003 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 87489.TXT HCOM1 PsN: HCOM1 VerDate 11-MAY-2000 10:52 Sep 04, 2003 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 87489.TXT HCOM1 PsN: HCOM1 COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND COMMERCE W.J. -
A Focus on India and South Africa
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305635219 Controlling the use of Tobacco for Sustainable Development: A Focus on India and South Africa Article in INDIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE · June 2016 DOI: 10.5530/ijopp.9.2.5 CITATIONS READS 0 159 1 author: Theodore Duxbury Rhodes University 5 PUBLICATIONS 2 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: health Promotion Research View project All content following this page was uploaded by Theodore Duxbury on 25 October 2016. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Special Edition Controlling the use of Tobacco for Sustainable Development: A Focus on India and South Africa Theodore Duxbury1, Seema Rath2, Paayal Maraj1, Sean James Bosman3, Sunitha Srinivas1* 1Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University PO Box 94, Grahamstown, SOUTH AFRICA. 2Hugh Kelly Fellow, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, SOUTH AFRICA /Department of Economics, Government College, Khandola-Goa, INDIA. 3Department of English, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, SOUTH AFRICA. ABSTRACT The use of tobacco containing products is a global health and economic burden adversely affecting sustainable development, particularly in the developing world. This article focuses on the impact of population growth, aging, gender, culture, and the ascendancy of transnational tobacco companies on the tobacco epidemic in India and South Africa. There is a distinctive manifestation of the tobacco epidemic in India and South Africa based on the stated impacting factors. Successful implementation and execution of tobacco control policies are required to promote sustainable human development. These must act in conjunction with strengthened World Health Organization tobacco control measures and improved understandings of tobacco industry strategies, as well as take population attitudes and practices towards tobacco consumption into consideration. -
Assessing Adult Tobacco Smoking Cessation in Low-And-Middle
East Tennessee State University Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University Electronic Theses and Dissertations Student Works 5-2016 Assessing Adult Tobacco Smoking Cessation in Low-and-Middle Income Countries: Analysis of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey Data, 2009 – 2012 Daniel Owusu East Tennessee State Universtiy Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.etsu.edu/etd Part of the Epidemiology Commons Recommended Citation Owusu, Daniel, "Assessing Adult Tobacco Smoking Cessation in Low-and-Middle Income Countries: Analysis of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey Data, 2009 – 2012" (2016). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 3063. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3063 This Dissertation - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Works at Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Assessing Adult Tobacco Smoking Cessation in Low-and-Middle Income Countries: Analysis of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey Data, 2009 – 2012 _______________________ A dissertation presented to the faculty of the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology East Tennessee State University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Public Health with concentration in Epidemiology _______________________ by Daniel Owusu May 2016 __________________ Dr. Megan Quinn, Chair Dr. Hadii M. Mamudu Dr. Ke-Sheng Wang Dr. Sreenivas P. Veeranki Keywords: Tobacco smoking cessation, low-and-middle income countries, cessation assistance, home smoking rule, intention to quit, advice to quit ABSTRACT Assessing Adult Tobacco Smoking Cessation in Low-and-Middle Income Countries: Analysis of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey Data, 2009 – 2012 by Daniel Owusu Smoking cessation can reduce health risk and prevent millions of tobacco-related deaths.