Persepsi Konsumen Terhadap Kualitas Layanan Pada Hotel

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Persepsi Konsumen Terhadap Kualitas Layanan Pada Hotel 0 . c* •MEN ./ Persepsi Konsumen Terhadap Kualitas Layanan Pada Hotel Surabaya Palembang i 'v Diajukan oleh: Rahmat Juneidi ? 01993110061 FAKULTAS EKONOMI JURUSAN MANAJEMEN UNIVERSITAS SRIWIJAYA : 2006 I n' 1 a 4i V _ 359.^0^ £ Persepsi Konsumen Terhadap Kualitas Ea Pada Hotel Surabaya Palembang W ?-? (j \M 4,5 ArpFNr.fr- Diajukan oleh : Rahmat Juneidi 01993110061 FAKULTAS EKONOMI JURUSAN MANAJEMEN UNIVERSITAS SRIWIJAYA 2006 f DEPARTEMEN PENDIDIKAN NASIONAL UNIVERSITAS SRIWIJAYA FAKULTAS EKONOMI INDERALAYA TANPA PERSETUJUAN SKRIPSI Nama : RAHMAT JUNEIDITUAHTA SURBAKTI NIM : 01993110061 Jurusan : MANAJEMEN Konsentrasi : MANAJEMEN PEMASARAN Judul Skripsi: PERSEPSI KONSUMEN TERHADAP KUALITAS LAYANAN PADA HOTEL SURABAYA PALEMBANG PEMBIMBING SKRIPSI: Tanggal 2*{ [W* ZOO£ JKetua Drs. H. Mahyooar 23 nk; 2.00 C, Tanggal «Anggota Nofiawaty SE. MM. Mairo * Setiap orang ajin mengalami jgagaCan dan jpedihan, tetapi semua itu ada hijriahnya dan jsa6aran adalah jinci j6erhasiCan * ‘KupersemSahjin jpada: — <Papa dan Mama tercinta — 'Kfljjjjihfai Tersayang — Ahnamater KATA PENGANTAR Puji syukur penulis panjatkan kehadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, yang telah melimpahkan rahmat dan karuniaNya, sehingga penuJis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini, yang berjudul : “(persepsi Kjmsumen 'Terhadap Kjiafitas Layanan Pada HotelSurabaya <Patem6ang’. Adapun maksud penyusunan skripsi ini adalah merupakan salah satu syarat guna memperoleh gelar kesaijanaan pada Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Sriwijaya Inderalaya. Di dalam penulisan skripsi ini, penulis menyadari bahwa masih banyak kekurangan dan kelemahannya yang perlu disempurnakan, dikarenakan terbatasnya kemampuan yang penulis miliki., oleh karena itu saran dan kritik yang sifatnya membangun sangat penulis harapkan bagi perkembangan penulis dimasa yang akan . datang. Akhir kata, penulis mengharapkan semoga skripsi ini dapat memberikan sumbangan pemikiran yang bermanfaat bagi kita semua. Indralaya, Mei 2006 Penulis Rahmat Juneidi T. S i Ucapan Terima Kasih Di dalam melakukan penelitian dan penulisan skripsi ini, penulis banyak mndapatkan bantuan dari berbagai pihak. Oleh karena itu, pada kesempatan ini penulis ingin menyampaikan terima kasih kepada : 1. <Drs. SyamsurizaC#X, selaku Dekan Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Sriwijaya. 2. JlCm. <Drs jU&utif<Effenify MM, selaku Dosen Pembimbing Akademik. 3. <Drs. K Mafiyunar; selaku Dosen Pembimbing I Skripsi. 4. NovbrwatiSOL MM, selaku Dosen Pembimbing II Skripsi. 5. Seluruh dosen, asisten dosen, dan karyawan di lingkungan Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Sriwijaya Inderalaya. 6. Jr. SaziGy selaku Direktur Hotel Surabaya Palembang, serta seluruh stafF dan karyawan Hotel Surabaya yang telah memberikan izin dan kesempatan serta banyak membantu dalam kelancaran penyelesaian skripsi ini. 7. Untuk Orang cTua({u yang tercinta, skripsi ini kupersembahkan padamu. 8. Ucapan terima kasih buat Kakak - Kakakku tersayang; KflliWtsa, 'KflfiKiSfa KjikjKappy (Dan Kjik^Lidya yang tersayang dan terkasih. 9. Sahabat-sahabatku yang hebat jimmyJZdi nur patria, ucof^Jlrmand, untuk support dan perhatiannya selama ini. 10. Yang tersayang adekku (Rpsefcfa untuk bimbingan dan nasehat-nasehatnya.. ii 11. Rekan-rekan di Manajemen ’99 Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Sriwijaya yang telah sukses. 12. Teman kostku yang terus menggapai cita dan cinta. 13. Kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu dengan ikhlas, yang tidak dapat saya sebutkan satu persatu, saya sampaikan penghargaan dan terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya. Semoga Tuhan senantiasa melimpahkan rahmat dan karunia-Nya kepada kita semua. Amin. Palembang, Mei 2006 Penulis, Rahmat Juneidi T. S m DAFTAR ISI Halaman HALAMAN JUDUL HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN SKRIPSI HALAMAN MOTTO DAN PERSEMBAHAN KATA PENGANTAR i UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH 11 DAFTAR ISI IV l m.*: ^ Or' > DAFTAR TABEL vii DAFTAR GAMBAR ' UMRM ; 1 3 JUN m L\ DAFTAR PUSTAKA LAMPIRAN BABI PENDAHULUAN 1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah 1 1.2 Perumusan Masalah 8 1.3 Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian 9 1.3.1 Tujuan Penelitian 9 1.3.2 Manfaat Penelitian 9 1.4 Hipotesis 10 1.5 Metodologi Penelitian 11 1.5.1 Objek Penelitian 11 1.5.2 Variabel Penelitian 11 1.5.3. Batasan Operasi Variabel 12 1.5.4. Pengukuran Variabel 14 1.5.5. Metode Pengambilan Data 15 1.5.6. Teknik Analisis 16 IV I 1.6 Sistematika Pembahasan 18 BAB n IANDASAN TEORI 2.1 Konsep Dan Pengertian Pemasaran 20 2.2 Ruang Lingkup Jasa 22 2.2.1. Konsep Dan Pengertian Jasa 22 2.2.2. Kharakteristik Jasa 23 2.2.3. Pemasaran Jasa 25 2.3 Konsep Kualitas Layanan 27 2.4 Kepuasan Konsumen 31 BAB El GAMBARAN UMUM PERUSAHAAN 3.1 Sejarah Singkat Perusahaan 34 3.2 Struktur Organisasi 36 3.3 Jumlah Kamar 46 • 3.4 Tingkat Hunian 47 3.5 Fasilitas Kamar 48 3.6 TarifKamar 49 3.7 Fasilitas Layanan 51 3.8 Kharekteristik Responden 52 3.8.1. Jenis Kelamin 52 3.8.2. Usia 53 3.8.3. Pendidikan Terakhir 54 3.8.4. Pekeijaan 56 3.8.5. Penghasilan Perbulan 57 3.8.6. Lama Inap 59 BAB IV ANALISIS DATA DAN PEMBAHASAN 4.1 Uji Validitas, Reliabilitas dan Normalitas 60 4.1.1 Uji Validitas 61 v 4.1.2 Uji Reliabilitas 63 4.1.3 Uji Normalitas 64 4.2 Deskripsi Variabel 66 4.2.1. Penilaian Konsumen Terhadap Kualitas Layanan 66 4.2.2. Tingkat Kepuasan Konsumen Terhadap Kualitas Layanan 72 4.3 Analisis Regresi 78 4.3.1 Pengaruh Penilaian Responden Atas Kualitas Layanan Terhadap Tingkat Kepuasan Responden. 78 4.3.2. Pengaruh Penilaian Responden Atas Kualitas Layanan Terhadap Tingkat Kepuasan Responden Menurut Dimensi SERVQUAL 79 4.3.2.1.Dimensi Tangibles 82 4.3.2.2.Dimensi Realibility 83 4.3.2.3. Dimensi Responsiveness 83 43.2.4.Dimensi Assurance 84 43.2.5. Dimensi Empathy 85 BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN 5.1 Kesimpulan 86 5.2 Saran 88 DAFTAR PUSTAKA LAMPIRAN vi l DAFTAR TABEL Halaman Tabel 3.1: Komposisi Jabatan dan Jumlah Karyawan Hotel Surabaya Palembang Tahun 2005....................................................... 45 Tabel 3.2: Perkembangan Jumlah Kamar Pada Hotel Surabaya Palembang 46 Tabel 3.3: Tingkat Hunian Di Hotel Surabaya Palembang Tahun 2001 Sampai Dengan 2005................................. 47 Tabel 3.4: Fasilitas Kamar Berdasarkan Kelas Kamar 49 Tabel 3.5: Harga Pada Kelas Kamar ( Periode 2001s/d 2005 ) 50 Tabel 3.6 Jenis Kelamin pada Responden 52 Tabel 3.7 Usia Responden 53 Tabel 3.8: Pendidikan Terakhir Responden 55 Tabel 3.9 Pekeijaan Responden 56 Tabel 3.10: Penghasilan Perbulan Pada Responden 58 T abel 3.11: Lama Menginap Responden Pada Hotel Surabaya 59 Tabel 4.1: Hasil Uji Validitas Variabel Kualitas Layanan.. 62 Tabel 4.2: Hasil Uji Validitas Variabel Tingkat Kepuasan. 63 Tabel 4.3: Hasil Uji Reliabilitas Terhadap Kualitas Layanan SERVQUAL 64 Tabel 4.4: Hasil Uji Reliabilitas Terhadap Dimensi Kepuasan........... 64 Tabel 4.5: Hasil Uji Normalitas Dimensi Kualitas Layanan................ 65 Tabel 4.6 Hasil Uji Normalitas Dimensi Kepuasan Konsumen......... 65 Tabel 4.7: Frekwensi Distribusi Variabel Penilaian Dimensi Tangibles 67 vn Tabel 4.8: Frekwensi Distribusi Variabel Penilaian Dimensi Reliability 68 Tabel 4.9: Frekwensi Distribusi Variabel Penilaian Dimensi Responsiveness 69 Tabel 4.10: Frekwensi Distribusi Variabel Penilaian Dimensi Assurance 70 Tabel 4.11: Frekwensi Distribusi Variabel Penilaian Dimensi Emphaty 71 Tabel 4.12: Frekwensi Distribusi Tingkat Kepuasan Dimensi Tangibles 72 Tabel 4.13: Frekwensi Distribusi Tingkat Kepuasan Dimensi Reliability 73 Tabel 4.14: Frekwensi Distribusi Tingkat Kepuasan Dimensi Resvonsiveness 74 Tabel 4.15: Frekwensi Distribusi Tingkat Kepuasan Dimensi Assurance 75 Tabel 4.16: Frekwensi Distribusi Tingkat Kepuasan Dimensi Emphaty 76 Tabel 4.17: Hasil Analisis Regresi: Pengaruh Penilaian Responden Atas Kualitas layanan terhadap tingkat kepuasan pada responden 78 Tabel 4.18: Hasil Analisis Regresi: Pengaruh Penilaian Responden Atas Kualitas layanan menurut dimensi SERVQUAL terhadap tingkat kepuasan pada responden 80 vm DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 2.1 Tiga Jenis Pemasaran dalam Dunia Jasa 26 Gambar 2.2 Model Kualitas Jasa 29 Gambar 2.3 Konsep Kepuasan Pelanggan 32 Gambar 3.1 Struktur Organisasi Hotel Surabaya Palembang 38 Gambar 3.2 Frekuensi Jenis Kelamin Responden 53 Gambar 3.3 Frekuensi Usia Reponden 54 Gambar 3.4 Frekuensi Pendidikan Terakhir Responden 55 Gambar 3.5 Frekuensi Pekerjaan Responden 57 Gambar 3.6 Frekuensi Penghasilan Responden. 58 Gambar 3.7 Frekuensi Lama Inap Responden 59 IX BABI PENDAHULUAN 1.1. Latar Belakang Masalah Indonesia merupakan salah satu Negara yang sedang berkembang yang pada saat sekarang ini sedang giatnya membangun disegala bidang baik fisik maupun non fisik. Dalam keadaan perekonomian sekarang ini terdapat beberapa sektor yang seharusnya menjadi perhatian para investor atau pengusaha dan pemerintah, karena dengan perhatian yang lebih cermat dan tepat dapat berguna untuk menambah devisa Negara dan dapat mengurangi beban krisis multi dimensi yang sedang dihadapi, salah satunya adalah sektor pariwisata yang khususnya bidang perhotelan yang perlu dikedepankan dan mendapat perhatian khusus. Bila pariwisata dilihat sebagai suatu jenis usaha yang memiliki nilai ekonomi,maka pariwisata adalah Sebagai suatu proses yang memiliki nilai tambah terhadap barang dan jasa sebagai suatu kesatuan produk baik yang nampak/nyata (Tangible product) dan yang tidak nampak/tidak nyata (Intangible product). Menurut Bukart dan Medlik (1981), wisatawan memiliki empat ciri utama.keempat ciri utama itu adalah:.1 1.Wisatawan adalah orang yang melakukan perjalanan ke dan tinggal di berbagai tempat tujuan. Glenn F.Ross, Psikologi Pariwisata, Yayasan Obor Indonesia, Jakarta 1998, hal 4 1 2. Tempat tujuan wisatawan berbeda dari tempat tinggal dan tempat
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