DOCSLIB.ORG

City Services and the Justice System: Do Korean American Storeowners

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
City Services and the Justice System: Do Korean American Storeowners City Services and the Justice System: Do Korean American Storeowners in Baltimore, Maryland Get Equal Treatment? Maryland Advisory Committee to the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights July 2004 This report of the Maryland Advisory Committee to the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights was prepared for the information and consideration of the Commission. Statements and viewpoints in this report should not be attributed to the Commission, but only to the participants at the community forum, other individuals or documents cited, or the Advisory Committee. The United States Commission on Civil Rights The U.S. Commission on Civil Rights is an independent, bipartisan agency established by Congress in 1957, reconstituted in 1983, and reauthorized in 1994. It is directed to investigate complaints alleging that citizens are being deprived of their right to vote by reason of their race, color, religion, sex, age, disability, or national origin, or by reason of fraudulent practices; study and collect information relating to discrimination or a denial of equal protection of the laws under the Constitution because of race, color, religion, sex, age, disability, or national origin, or in the administration of justice; appraise federal laws and policies with respect to discrimination or denial of equal protection of the laws because of race, color, religion, sex, age, disability, or national origin, or in the administration of justice; serve as a national clearinghouse for information in respect to discrimination or denial of equal protection of the laws because of race, color, religion, sex, age, disability, or national origin; submit reports, findings, and recommendations to the President and Congress; and issue public service announcements to discourage discrimination or denial of equal protection of the laws. The State Advisory Committees By law, the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights has established an advisory committee in each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The committees are composed of state citizens who serve without compensation. The committees advise the Commission of civil rights issues in their states that are within the Commission’s jurisdiction. More specifically, they are authorized to advise the Commission on matters of their state’s concern in the preparation of Commission reports to the President and the Congress; receive reports, suggestions, and recommendations from individuals, public officials, and representatives of public and private organizations to committee inquiries; forward advice and recommendations to the Commission, as requested; and observe any open hearing or conference conducted by the Commission in their states. This report is available on disk in ASCII and WordPerfect 5.1 for persons with visual impairments. Please call (202) 376-8110. It is also posted on the Commission’s Web site at www.usccr.gov. City Services and the Justice System: Do Korean American Storeowners in Baltimore, Maryland Get Equal Treatment? Letter of Transmittal Maryland Advisory Committee to the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights Members of the Commission Mary Frances Berry, Chairperson Cruz Reynoso, Vice Chairperson Jennifer C. Braceras Christopher Edley, Jr. Peter N. Kirsanow Elsie M. Meeks Russell G. Redenbaugh Abigail Thernstrom Les Jin, Staff Director The Maryland Advisory Committee submits this report, City Services and the Justice System: Do Korean American Storeowners in Baltimore, Maryland, Get Equal Treatment? as part of its respon- sibility to advise the Commission on civil rights issues in the Free State. The Committee approved this report in a vote of 11 to 0, with no abstentions. The Asian American population in Maryland, which includes Korean Americans, grew over 60 per- cent in the last decade according to the 2000 census. While Korean Americans reside throughout the Baltimore metropolitan area, they own and operate many small businesses in the predominately African American inner city. In the 1990s, frictions between the Korean American community and the Afri- can American community developed amid complaints about the treatment of African American pa- trons by Korean merchants and the quality of food sold to African Americans by Korean grocery stores. Adding to the tension were the growing fears of personal safety after a rash of violent robber- ies, shootings, and murders of Korean Americans. The simmering tensions reached a boiling point in the mid-90s after a mostly black jury acquitted an African American suspect accused of murdering a Korean American college student in a robbery. Questions arose as to whether these crimes were racially motivated with accusations that it was “open season” on Korean Americans and their establishments. Korean American storeowners and Korean community representatives complained to the Committee that law enforcement and city gov- ernment failed to respond to their need for police protection and other city services. In addition, lead- ers of both the Korean American community and the African American community sought ways to foster better relationships between the groups. The Committee conducted a community forum to investigate the allegations of discrimination that helped bring attention to the concerns of Korean American storeowners. As a result, Baltimore City’s mayors, municipal departments, and police and fire officials have expanded communication with the Korean American community, and recently enacted federal and state laws now require that language assistance be provided by law enforcement and government agencies. While the report documents iii events from several years ago there are, nevertheless, issues that still need to be addressed by govern- ment officials. The Committee hopes the observations made in this report will help inform these agen- cies so that they can better respond to the needs of Korean Americans and other new immigrant groups, as required. Sincerely, Rev. Douglas B. Sands, Sr., Chairperson Maryland Advisory Committee iv Maryland Advisory Committee to the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights Rev. Douglas B. Sands, Sr., Chairperson Mt. Airy Gary Gerstle Jenkins Odoms, Jr. College Park Maryland City (Laurel) Lea A. Gilmore K. Patrick Okura Baltimore Bethesda Mary Louise Jones Mariana A. Pardo Cumberland Fort Washington Anne Lee Houng-Mai Tran* Timonium Potomac Debra Lemke Chester L. Wickwire** Westminster Baltimore Arthur Nierenberg* Gilberto Alejandro Zelaya, II Randallstown Montgomery Village *Former member **Past chairperson, presided at the forum Acknowledgments The Maryland Advisory Committee wishes to thank the staff of the Commission’s Eastern Regional Office. The planning and holding of the community forum, initial report writing, and follow-up re- search were conducted by Edward Darden, civil rights analyst. Ki-Taek Chun, then director of the Eastern Regional Office, provided overall supervision of the project. Ivy Davis, acting director of the Eastern Regional Office, edited the final report draft. Barbara de La Viez updated the report for pub- lication. Dawn Sweet provided editorial services and prepared the report for publication. Dorothy Pearson-Canty and Alfreda Greene provided production and distribution services. The Committee also wishes to acknowledge Chester Wickwire, former chairperson and member of the Committee, for his leadership in developing the project’s proposal and convening the forum, and former members Arthur Nierenberg and Huong-Mai Tran for their invaluable contributions during the planning and holding of the Committee’s forum. v [blank page] vi Contents Chapter 1: Background.......................................................................................................................1 Purpose of the Forum.......................................................................................................................1 Organization of the Forum...............................................................................................................2 Organization of This Report ............................................................................................................3 Chapter 2: Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics of the Baltimore Area ..................5 Urban Losses, Suburban Gains........................................................................................................5 The Central City: Majority Black, Highly Segregated ....................................................................6 Sharp and Rising Inequality.............................................................................................................6 Whites and Asian Americans Concentrated in the Suburbs ............................................................7 Business Ownership by African Americans and Asian Americans.................................................8 Chapter 3: Chronology of Key Events Leading Up to the Forum...................................................9 The Renovation of Lafayette and Belair Markets............................................................................9 The Boycott and Closure of Canaan Food.....................................................................................10 The Campaign to Close Chang’s Mart ..........................................................................................11 The Joel Lee Case..........................................................................................................................11 The Shootings of January 1997 .....................................................................................................12
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Baltimore Love Thing: a Look at Social Dances and Their Connection to Communal Healing Amongst Black People in Baltimore
    Sarah Lawrence College DigitalCommons@SarahLawrence Dance/Movement Therapy Theses Dance/Movement Therapy Graduate Program 5-2020 A Baltimore Love Thing: A Look at Social Dances and Their Connection to Communal Healing Amongst Black People in Baltimore Naja Cooper Sarah Lawrence College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.slc.edu/dmt_etd Part of the Dance Commons, and the Dance Movement Therapy Commons Recommended Citation Cooper, Naja, "A Baltimore Love Thing: A Look at Social Dances and Their Connection to Communal Healing Amongst Black People in Baltimore" (2020). Dance/Movement Therapy Theses. 68. https://digitalcommons.slc.edu/dmt_etd/68 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Dance/Movement Therapy Graduate Program at DigitalCommons@SarahLawrence. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dance/Movement Therapy Theses by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@SarahLawrence. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 A Baltimore Love Thing: A Look at Social Dances and Their Connection to Communal Healing Amongst Black People in Baltimore Naja Cooper May 2020 Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Dance/Movement Therapy Sarah Lawrence College 2 Abstract This thesis provides insight on the vast effects of systematic racial injustice towards Black peo- ple living in Baltimore, Maryland. It highlights the negative effects of racism and the impact of collective shared trauma, while also bringing attention to the resilience long-time and current res- idents have shown through the action of movement, dance, and simply being. The essence of the Baltimore originated social dance called Rockin’ Off/Shakin’ Off, developed in 2005, provides the chance to dance out lived individual and shared experiences.
    [Show full text]
  • Crime Reduction & Departmental Transformation Plan
    Crime Reduction & Departmental Transformation Plan Year one review: July 1, 2019 - June 30, 2020 Table of Contents MESSAGE FROM THE POLICE COMMISSIONER 4 CITYWIDE CRIME STATISTICS 5 MANAGEMENT OF RESOURCES 6 MODERNIZING & BUILDING THE DEPARTMENT FOR THE FUTURE 7 STRENGTHENING Local, State & Federal Partnerships 8 MAJOR POLICE ACADEMY INVESTMENTS 9 PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT & TRAINING 10 MANAGING major events with distinction 11 GUIDing OPERATIONS by Utilizing DATA-DRIVEN TOOLS & STRATEGIES 12 INCREASED FOCUS ON OFFICER SAFETY & WELLNESS 14 CREATING ACCOUNTABILITY BY REFORMING PUBLIC INTEGRITY BUREAU 15 Reforming the BPD through the CONSENT DECREE 16 MESSAGE FROM THE POLICE COMMISSIONER It has been one year since I presented the Baltimore Police Department’s Five-Year Strategic Crime Reduction and Transformation Plan. This past year has presented many challenges, from a change in City leadership to a ransomware attack to the COVID-19 emergency to mass police reform protests, all in the midst of historic levels of violence. Despite these challenges, progress continues to be made on many fronts. This document outlines some of the notable accomplishments of the work that we have done during this time. I am extremely proud of my team, the brave men and women of the BPD, and all of the progress that we have achieved. No one accomplishment by itself will solve all of our problems, but taken together represent positive momentum and a foundation that we will build upon this upcoming year and beyond. As we do this, we will add greater capacity, become a stronger Department, and improve our ability to respond to and prevent crime in Baltimore.
    [Show full text]
  • Running Head: the “REVOLVING DOOR” of INCARCERATION LOYOLA UNIVERSITY MARYLAND
    Running Head: THE “REVOLVING DOOR” OF INCARCERATION LOYOLA UNIVERSITY MARYLAND The “Revolving Door” of Mass Incarceration: What Keeps Baltimore City Safe? WR305 December 18, 2020 Research Team Katie Metzger Vanessa Cuppari THE “REVOLVING DOOR” OF INCARCERATION 2 Table of Contents Executive Summary……………..…………………………...…………………….…………….3 ​ List of Figures………………………………………………...……………....……………..……4 ​ Introduction………………………………………………...……………………………...……..5 ​ Operational Definitions……………………………………………………………………5 Socioeconomic Background..………………………………………………...…………...6 Methods………………………………………………...…………………………….…………..9 ​ Secondary………………………………………………….…….....…………………….10 Incarceration and Crime………………………………………….………………10 Psychopathology of Prisonization…….………….…………………....…………11 Primary…………………………………………………………….……………………..12 Govans Resident Interview……………………………………....………………12 A Step Forward Interview……………….....…………………………………….12 Results…………....………………………….…………………………………………………..12 ​ Incarceration and Crime..………………………………………....……………………...13 Correlation Between Incarceration and Crime…………………………………..13 Why Is Incarceration Ineffective?……………….……………………………….14 “Revolving Door” of Incarceration…………………………...………………….16 “One Down, We All Down”……………………………………………………..17 Psychopathology of Prisonization………………………….…………………………….18 Trauma in the Institutionalization Process……………..……………….………..18 Reentry and Recidivism………...……………………………………………......21 Community Assets in Societal Reentry………………………………………….21 Discussion………………………………..…………………………….………………………..24 ​ Incarceration and Crime…………...……………………………………………………..24
    [Show full text]
  • Guilford Home on Display
    the guilford association, balt. md The Guilford News GUILFORDASSOCIATION.ORG SPRING 2015 Oak Acre, 4309 N. Charles Street, will be the site of the Baltimore Guilford Home Symphony Associates 39th Decorators’ Show House. The distinguished Guilford home of the late Ruth Hurlock was designed in 1928 by Mattu and White in a Southern Colonial Revival style. on Display It was built by Clarence Harlan Hurlock, Sr. who was very much involved in the details of the house design and garden landscaping. It has remained in the Hurlock family for more than 90 years. OAK ACRE, 4309 N. CHARLES STREET, WILL Twenty-three areas of Oak Acre are being decorated by BE THE SITE OF THE BALTIMORE SYMPHONY well-known local designers. The house will be open for tours from ASSOCIATES 39TH DECORATORS’ SHOW Sunday, April 26 through Sunday, May 17 with the following HOUSE THIS SPRING. hours: Sundays 1 – 5pm; Mondays: closed; Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Fridays and Saturdays: 10 am – 4pm; Thursdays: 10am – 8pm. Show House tickets are $25 in advance and are available through the BSO Ticket Office and at Graul’s Markets, Budeke Paint Stores and Watson’s Garden Center. Tickets are $30 at the door. The mission of the Baltimore Symphony Associates is to raise funds for the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra Education programs. This includes the Education Mid-Week Concerts, OrchKids and the Baltimore Symphony Youth Orchestras. Oak Acres, designed in 1928 by Mattu and White and occupied continuously for 90 years by the Hurlock family. Sherwood Gardens in early spring bloom. 2 SPRING 2015 FROM THE PRESIDENT he winter that seemed never to end has finally yielded to focused on assuring that the police coverage is maintained and that spring and we look forward to warmer weather and the Guilford is a safe community.
    [Show full text]
  • Amended Complaint and Jury Demand
    IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF MARYLAND MARYLAND STATE CONFERENCE OF NAACP BRANCHES, et al., Plaintiffs, v. CASE NO. 06-1863 (CCB) BALTIMORE CITY POLICE DEPARTMENT, et al., Defendants. _______________________________________ Proposed New Plaintiffs, TIMOTHY JOHNSON, 201 S. Main St., Bryan, TX 77803; TAVIS CROCKETT, 2909 W. Mosher St., Baltimore, MD 21216; RAFFIC SCOTT, 31 Saturn Ct., Parkville, MD 21234; KERRELL K. WRIGHT, 535 Rossiter St., Baltimore, MD 21212; CAROL HIGGS, 1601 Guilford Ave. Apt. 4 South, Baltimore, MD 21204; ARMONDO HORSEY, 103 E. Chase St., Baltimore, MD, 21202; JONATHAN LINDSAY, 4 Fountain Ridge, Parkville, MD 21234; ERIN MARCUS, 932 N. Charles St. Apt. 3R, Baltimore, MD 21201; and JEFFREY CHAPMAN, 3428 Dayta Drive, Baltimore, 21218. Existing Plaintiffs with updated information, TYRONE BRAXTON, 5007 Corley Road, Apt. C3, Baltimore, MD 21207; AARON STONER, 14241D Falling Waters Road, Williamsport, MD 21795, Proposed New Defendants, SHEILA DIXON, individually, and in her official capacity as Mayor, City of Baltimore, 100 North Holliday St., Baltimore, MD 21202; GARY D. MAYNARD, individually, and in his official capacity as Secretary, Department of Public Safety and Correctional Services, c/o Douglas F. Gansler, Attorney General of Maryland, 200 St. Paul Place, Baltimore, MD 21202; P/O HERON, individually, and in his official capacity as a Police Officer, Baltimore City Police Department, 601 East Fayette St., Baltimore, MD 21202; P/O J. GREY, individually, and in his official capacity as a Police
    [Show full text]
  • Crime and Safety in Baltimore City
    Safety, real or perceived, is one of the most important factors affecting quality of life for residents, businesses or visitors in Baltimore’s neighborhoods. Though crime and criminal activity tend to dominate the news, the data show that overall Baltimore City has become increasingly safe in the past several years. However, this trend varies by neighborhood and by the type and nature of criminal activity. Some neighborhoods rarely experience crime incidents, while others regularly experience a range of incidents from property to personal, nuisance-related to violent. Data All crime data for Vital Signs indicators are provided by the Baltimore City Police Department as part of the national Uniform Crime Report (UCR) cooperative statistical reporting. Indicators are created by normalizing this data by population to establish crime rates. Normalizing data allows for the rates to reflect the concentration of the crime relative to the population, and allows for comparison across neighborhoods and over time. For the Vital Signs 11, twelve indicators were created for Community Statistical Areas1 (CSAs) designed to track crime and safety in Baltimore City. These indicators are grouped into the following categories: general crime and safety; juvenile crime; and specific crime incidents. General Crime & Safety BNIA-JFI tracks four general crime and safety measures for Baltimore’s neighborhoods: Part 1 crime rate; violent crime rate; and property crime rate. Incidents of crime reported in Part 1 (of the UCR) are considered the more serious criminal offenses. These offenses are categorized as violent crimes (homicide, rape, aggravated assault, and robbery) and property crimes (burglary, larceny, and auto theft).2 1 CSAs are groups of census tracks that correspond to neighborhoods.
    [Show full text]
  • Cover Page for Monitor Proposal
    FOR THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE RESPONSE Puneet Cheema, Esq. Trial Attorney TO Civil Rights Division REQUEST U.S. Department of Justice 601 D Street NW FOR Washington, DC 20579 MONITOR [email protected] FOR THE CITY OF BALTIMORE APPLICATIONS Erin Sher Smyth Purchasing Agent for Baltimore City Consent Decree Entered 231 E. Baltimore Street 3rd Floor April 7, 2017 Baltimore, MD 21202 Regarding the Police [email protected] Department of Baltimore City PROPOSAL CONTACT Charles N. Curlett, Jr., Esq. Baltimore Monitor Project Submitted June 8, 2017 c/o Levin & Curlett LLC 300 E. Lombard Street Suite 1510 Baltimore, MD 21202 (410) 685-4444 T (410) 685-2222 F [email protected] Table of Contents I. Executive Summary................................................................................1 II. Scope of Work...........................................................................................11 III. Personnel and Current Time Commitments.....................20 IV. Qualifications, Prior Experience and References.........31 V. Budget............................................................................................................41 VI. Collaboration and Cost Effectiveness..................................42 VII. Potential Conflicts of Interest....................................................43 Appendices A. Curricula Vitae and Resumes B. Maryland Data Analysis Center Budget Proposal C. Examples of Non-Confidential Work Product I. Executive Summary The Baltimore Monitor Project (alternatively,
    [Show full text]
  • Crime Victims Compensation in Maryland
    RESEARCH REPORT Crime Victims May 2003 Compensation in Maryland: Accomplishments and Strategies for the Future Lisa Newmark Megan Schaffer Report to the Maryland Governor’s Office of Crime Control and Prevention The Urban Institute Justice Policy Center 2100 M St., NW Washington, DC 20037 This project was funded by the state of Maryland Governor‘s Office of Crime Control and Prevention under a Byrne Memorial Grant (2002-DB-MU-0024), awarded by the U.S. Department of Justice. Points of view or opinions contained within this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of any agency. Any questions or comments can be forwarded to the first author at the Urban Institute’s Justice Policy Center ([email protected] or 202 261-5566). For an electronic version (Adobe Acrobat) of the report, send an e-mail to [email protected] and specify “CICB report.” Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...............................................................................................................1 ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................................................................................................5 COMPENSATION FOR CRIME VICTIMS IN MARYLAND................................................................9 Our Assessment of the Compensation Program ......................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Crime Reduction and Departmental Transformation
    Crime Reduction & Departmental Transformation Plan TABLE OF CONTENTS Overview ..................................................................................................................................................... 3 Message from the Police Commissioner ............................................................................................................ 3 BPD Mission Statement ..................................................................................................................................... 3 Departmental Vision ........................................................................................................................................... 4 Organizational Structure Improvements ............................................................................................................. 5 Reducing Crime With a Comprehensive Approach ................................................................. 6 Data-Driven Crime Suppression Strategies ........................................................................................................ 7 Establishing Performance Goals for Patrol Officers ............................................................................................ 7 Returning Detective Units to the District-Level ................................................................................................... 8 Civilianization and Professionalization of Administrative Tasks .......................................................................... 8 Expanding and
    [Show full text]
  • Baltimore a Preview 2018
    The occasion of the Spring 2018 Land Economics Weekend has been a cause for much enthusiasm at the Baltimore Chapter of Lambda Alpha International. It has offered us an opportunity to showcase our City and region, to be introspective, proud, and maybe even boastful at times. But most of all, the Land Economics Weekend has afforded us a way to demonstrate our hospitality to our guests from around North America, Europe, the Middle East and Asia while introducing you to our home and its many features. The weekend is short, so we cannot show all that we would wish to show you. We are fortunate to live in an historic and vibrant City, region and economy which has provided us many assets, opportunities and qualities that we love. We welcome our LAI guests, and hope we can share with you our enthusiasm for Baltimore. This Preview was crafted to provide you a first look at Baltimore. Enjoy your visit. After the LEW, we hope you will return to see and experience more than we can present to you this weekend. James S. Leanos, Rachel Edds, Ruth Louie, Dan Pontious and Geoffrey Washington Contents Baltimore’s Economy and its Changes 3 Residential Changes 5 Eds and Meds 9 The Port 10 BWI Thurgood Marshall Airport 11 Sports 12 Casinos and Racetrack 13 Arts, Entertainment and Culture 14 The Environment 15 Planning and Zoning: Baltimore’s New Zoning Code 16 Transportation 17 Public Markets and Marketplaces 19 Parks and Outdoor Recreation 20 Crime 22 An Expanded Region 23 Concluding Remarks 24 Photo Credits 25 Baltimore’s Economy and its Changes he story of Baltimore is in many ways the same story as the evolution of the TAmerican economy.
    [Show full text]
  • Monthly Letter of Support GOV MD
    STATE OF MARYLAND OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR LARRY HOGAN GOVERNOR • STATE HOUSE 100 STATE CIRCLE ANNAPOLIS. MARYLAND 21401-1925 L974-3901 June 25, 2015 '-811-a336 fDRELAY Ms. Denise E. O'Donnell, Director Bureau of Justice Assistance Office of Justice Programs 801 Seventh Street NW Washington, DC 20531 Dear Director O'Donnell, I am pleased to write this letter in strong support of the Maryland Governor's Office of Crime Control & Prevention's application for the Technology Innovation for Public Safety (TIPS) Grant. The establishment of an automated gunshot detection technology system integrated with Baltimore's vast network of closed circuit television cameras will allow the Baltimore Police Department to leverage current capabilities in order to more swiftly aid victims, collect evidence, apprehend offenders and, ultimately, target and decrease gun violence in Baltimore. Despite the progress made at reducing gun violence, Baltimore City has recently experienced a considerable increase in gun violence over the past month and a half, following the Freddie Gray incident. Since the beginning of May 2015, Baltimore has had the most homicides and non-fatal shootings in the past four decades. The crime rate in Baltimore City drives up the crime rate across the state of Maryland. Baltimore City makes up slightly less than 11 percent of our states' population, yet it is home to 60 percent of murders, 32 percent of all violent crime and 63 percent of nonfatal shootings. Focusing law enforcement efforts to decrease violent crime in Baltimore City will have a positive impact on residents across the state. Increasing security, stability and peace of mind will provide a better environment for economic growth and prosperity .
    [Show full text]
  • Recent Violent Crime Trends in the United States
    Recent Violent Crime Trends in the United States Nathan James Analyst in Crime Policy June 20, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45236 Recent Violent Crime Trends in the United States Summary Media accounts of increasing violent crime rates, especially homicides, in some cities raise broad concerns about decreasing levels of public safety. This report provides an analysis of changes in violent crime since 1960, with a focus on changes from 2014 to 2016 in violent crime and homicide rates in the 48 largest cities in the United States for which violent crime and homicide data were submitted to the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Uniform Crime Reporting Program. The results of the analysis suggest the following: At the national level, violent crime and homicide rates increased from 2014 to 2015 and again from 2015 to 2016, but both rates remain near historical lows. Violent crime and homicide rates for the 48 largest cities in the United States with available data generally followed national-level trends, with some exceptions. For example, violent crime rates in cities of 500,000-999,999 people and 250,000-499,999 people decreased from 2014 to 2015, and the homicide rate in small cities of 50,000-99,999 people decreased from 2015 to 2016. Some of the largest cities in the United States saw increases in violent crime rates, homicide rates, or both from 2014 to 2015 and/or 2015 to 2016. For some of these cities, violent crime or homicide rates were the highest they have been in the past 20 years.
    [Show full text]