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ZOOLQGlCA _ O'F NOlA 19J6 o OGle v 0 1995 FAUNA OF CONSERVATION AREAS NO.6

FAUNA OF INDRAVATI RESERVE

Edited by: The Director, Zoological Survey of , Calcutta.

ZOOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA 1995 Copyright, 1995, Government of India.

Published March, 1995

Price Inland Rs. 200.00 Foreign £ 12.00 $ 15.00

Printed by Krishna Printing Works 106, Vivekananda Road, Cal-6

Published by The Director, Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta FOREWORD Indravati Tiger Reserve set up in 1982-83 in of Madhya Pradesh is bounded on the north and the west by . Presence of moist deciduous forests and grasslands characterise this highly potential zone. This Tiger Reserve still has some population of the central Indian wild buffalo (Blibalus bllbalis) and may also provide an alternative home fo: the branded barasinga (Cervus duvlluceli branderi), at present confined to only. Indravati once used to abound in these animals but the devastating practice of 'Parad' (community tribal hunt after putting fire to the forest) has been held responsible for their debacle. Now, interspersion of forest cover and grasslands by the Forest Department makes the area ideal home for a number of animals. Although the human and cattle population are very small, a large number of hamlets dot the Reserve including the ones in the core area. Scientists of Zoological Survey undertook field trip to Indravati Tiger Reserve during 1anuary­ February 1990 to investigate the faunal resources of the Tiger Reserve area. The field trip was undertaken under the leadership of Dr. R. K. Ghose, Scientist 'SD' with the assistance of Shri S. S. Saha, Asstt. Zoologist, Shri C. K. Misra, 1r. Taxidermist, Shri N. Prasad, Field Collector, Shri H. N. Bose, Laboratory Attendent (all from head quarters, Calcutta) and Dr. D. K. Harshe. Museulll Assistant and Shri L. E. P. Das, Driver (both from Central Regional Station, Z. S. I., 1ahalpur). The Zoological Survey of India in the past has brought out some papers in different groups of fauna of the Baslar district. However, this volume on the Indravati Tiger Reserve has been specially brought out to highlight the fauna of the Reserve; it contained an account of both invertebrate and vertebrate faunal elements much of which have never been documented earlier. I wish to place on record our sincere thanks to the then Director of the Tiger project (Dr. R. L. Singh), New Delhi, and to the Field Director, Indravati Tiger Reserve, and his officers and staff for rendering active support to our ZSI team in the field. Dr. A. K. Ghosh

Calcutta Director March. ]995 Zoological Survey of India FAUNA OF INDRA VATI TIGER RESERVE: MADHYA PRADESH

CONTENTS

Page

Ghose, R. K. -Indravati Tiger Reserve: An overview ......

Shishodia, M. S. -Insecta: Orthoptera '" ...... 11

Biswas, B and Ghosh, L. K. -Insecta: Hemiptera...... 19

Mitra, Tridib Ranjan -Insecta: Odonata ...... 31 Chaudhury. M -Insecta: Lepidoptera...... 45

Gajbe, U. A. -Arachnida: Spiders ...... :...... 53

Harshy, D. K. -Crustacea: Ostracoda ...... 57

Sen, T. K. -Pisces ...... 61

Chanda, S. K. -Amphibia ...... 71

Sanyal, D. P. -Reptilia ...... 77

Saha, S. S. -Aves ...... 85

Ghose, R. K. -Malnnlalia ...... 93 Zool. Surv. India Fauna of Conservation Areas No.6 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve: 1-10, 1995

INDRAVATI TIGER RESERVE: AN OVERVIEW

INTRODUCTION

The Indravati Tiger Reserve is situated on the bank of Indravati river, in Bastar district of Madhya Pradesh and has a great abundance of animal resources, Althouth stray study tours have been l:onductcd in sotnc places of the Bastar district. this area has particularly been neglected, reflecting the general paucity of information of the fauna of this Tiger Reserve. However, a study tour to Indravati Tiger Reserve has been undertaken at the instance of the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Wildlife. particularly for the responsibility assigned by the Steering ComlniUee () to Zoological Survey of India for faunal assessment of Tiger Reserve area. One field trip has heen undertaken in the area, but work could not be satisfactorily done due to geopolitical disturbances in the Tiger Project area. In the present volume. work so far completed on this survey-material, have been represented in 12 papers. A beief overview of relevent aspect, location, topography, geology, drainage system/sources of water, climate, vegeta­ tion. fauna. etc. presented in this paper is inended to act as general introduction to all the contri­ butions that follows. The survey learn made the base camp at Kutru from 24 January to 2 February 1990. The party made a through survey in and around Kutru, Pharsegarh (in the buffer zone of the reserve). The other areas visited by the party are Bade Kakreli, Bedare, Neti Kakler, Aropalli, and adjoining area. The second l:amp of the party was settled at Bijapur. Here the party stayed from 3 February to 9 February 1990.

R. K. Ghose 2 Fauna of Indravatl Tiger Reserve

.... ;; Core area • •• • •• Villagel • •• huts ..:---- Bu.ffer zone ~ River Road ~~/ Dam- t ~ '*' Ntal ah :::):: sit-e

Figlll\: I. Sketch lllul' of Im.lru\'uti Tigel" Reserve GHOSE: An Overview 3

LOCATION AND AREA

The Indravuti Tiger Reserve is situated in the Western part of Bastar district of Madhya Pradesh adjal:cnt to Chandrapur district of Maharastra. In the east it is bounded by Borudi river joining the lndravati river and -Bhopalpatnam road respectively. The Indravati river lies in the northern side and also in the western side where it forms the inter state boundary of Madhya Pradesh and Maharastra. The core zone or the Indravati National Park is located between 18°51' and 19°24' North longitude ano X()O 16' and Xo04··t' East latitudes

N

co'2 c::a::c:r: ZeJ RAIPUR n a::4:

". CC CD en 0\ ~ U) CD .... :> ...... ,~ CUeD a: :aCt) (Om 0 -a~o: ....c •A~~ . AND H RAP R A 0 r S H

Figl\l~ ~. Lm:alioll of Indra\'ali Tig~r Reserve in Hastar Districl. Madhya Pralk~h. 4 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

The total area of the Tiger Reserve is 2799.0g6 km 2 with a core area of 1258.372 kln~. The huffer zone of 1540 kln~ in the eastern and southern side included in the tiger reserve enjoys the status of gmne sanctuary. In the north and west beyond Indravati, Chandrapur district (including Bhanlragarh Forest Division) of Maharastra has a good insulating effect as a buffer zone to the reserve. The total forest area of the reserve under the control of forest departlnent is 1836 km:! (in 33 forest hlocks and 403 cOlnpartnlents) and fOl"ln 65.6~} of the total area of the reserve, while reJllaining area with villages fall under the control of the Revenue department. In the core zone, an area of 990.190 kIn:! is spread in 12 forest blocks and 350 compart­ ments and in under absolute control or the forest department. The rest of the area, i.e., area of 76 villages is under the control of the Revenue department. The area is approachahle from Jagdalpur (district head quarters) by Jagdalpur-Bhupalpatnam Road (State highway). Following are sOlne Inajor approach roads to the reserve from the State highway: (i) Nelned-kutru P.W.D. road (147 kIn ("roln Jagdalpur), (ii) Matwada-Kutru P.W.D. road (139 kIll frolll Jagdalpur) and (iii) Bhupalpatnmn-Uloor-Pilloor forest road (212 km. from Jagdalpur). TOPOGRAPHY The entire tiger reserve is Inostly nat with hill features distributed all over. The Inain drainage systenl of the area is Indravati river (l1owing towards north-west and south-west direction at the tiger reserve houndary) and its tributories which originates from the hill section of the area and adjoining places. The terrain sloves gradually in the north and western direction. The general sloves of the reserve area is towards west giving appearance of broad undulating valley bounded hy hills in the north and south. GEOLOGY: ROCK AND SOIL Rock Systelll The rocks generally Inet with are linlc stone, shale, granite, gneiss, granetiferous quartmite and pogmalites and .nay convinently be grouped into two major division: (I) Cuddapah and (2) Archean. The out crop of different rocks cover tnost of the area and they differ to varying extent in Ininerological co.nposition and degree of metamorphosis. They are also found to he intermixed and in transition froln one rock type to another. The Cuddapah is represented by quartzites, shale (calcareous), lillle stone and boulder beds. The rock systClll is prevalent ncar kutru, Toynar, Pasewada and Pilloor. The Archean rock systeln is Inainly cOlnposed of quatzites, charnockites, grantiferous gneiss and intrusives. The quartzite is found below the ferruginous quartzite~~ (whitish quartzite with streaks of hmnatite or s01l1ctimcs in the foran of clear hanlatite sand) in the ,hills, with very limited exposer. The charnockites (tnesocralic to Inalanocralic and equigranular, sometimes gneiss and quantiferous) occur in isolated areas. Bands of granctiferous-quartz-felspathic neiss are generally associated with these rock. Granetiferous gneiss occupy a large area of the reserve extending up to Kandlaparti with intcnnitcnt exposers of charnockites, horn blend granite. etc. Frequently garnel, sillilnanilc. etc .. are seen concentrated in localised areas with this rock systeill. Intrusives appear as fine grained dark coloured rocks, h~ving prinlary C01l1position of charnockite. At places, 'acidic GHOSE: An Overview 5 intrusives with nUlncrous poganltites are seen associated with granite-gn~iss. In some cases mica and tounnaline arc also associated. With intrusives. presence of beryle has also been noted. Soil The soil in the reserve is formed as a result of disintergation of the local rocks. The rate of disintergation, however, is largely dependent on the degree of dip of the rock strata. The dip of the strata here is usually vertical or inclined over 50 to 60 degree. fornls thick soil and consequently capahle of growing high quality forcst. The soil found at Indravati are generaJly loamy and well drained. Alluvial deposits are also not uncomnlon. The low lying plains of the area carry freshly deep and black clay soils which re capable of retaining moisture for long period. Occurrence of this type of soil is noticeable in the vicinity of Kutru. Pasewada, Sendra and Karpc. The alluvial soil is generally met with at the foot of the hills and along nala banks. They arc silty in texture and reddish colour. The intensity of the hue is directly .co-rclated with the degrec of hydration which in turn is dependent on drainage pattern. Accordingly, the soil colour ranges from brown, yellow~ grey to dark grey. At the foot­ hills, the ingradients of coarse material is gencrally rnore if associated with granite-gneiss. quartz­ ite. clc. Soil derived fronl shales are of uniform fine texture.

DRAINAGE SYSEM AND OTHER SOURCES OF WATER

The Indravati river and its tributory Berudi, which are perennial, are the main source of water in the rescrvc. Thc other nalas as Dawilvagan, Koker. Alnbeli, elc .• which also flow towards Indravati, cease to flow after Decelnber. However, these water courses retain pools of water during pinch period in upper readies intenniltantly. The vil1agcs like Pharsegarh, Sendra, Kerpe, Dudopal1i. Sunchkonta, etc. in the core area of the reserve and sonle villages like Gudnla, Kulru, Toyner, Ermnnar, etc. in the buffer zone have nistar tanks which retain water during SUlnnlcr season. "An anicut ncar Sendra village has also been constructed as a parl of compensatory water development activity. During Octoher every year sOlne tCl11porary huntls are also constructed with the aim to retain sl11all pool of watcr during sumlner season. But these temporary bunds however do not retain water aftcr March and as such the utility of such temporary hunds is restricted. As the annual rainfall is quite sufficient, the water table in the this area is generally high during SUlllnlcr season, lo ohtain water. Shallow pits are also dug here and there in dry stream beds.

CLIMATE

In Indravati, like rest of India there are three distinct seasons. The tClnpcrature, humidity, winds and precipitation so greatly vary that they regulale thc growth of vegetation and also the habits of the wild animals. Willter Novemher to February. Decenlber to January are the coldest months (about 3°e). This is the nlost healthy and plca~ant scason herc. 6 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

SUI11111er March to 1l1iddle of June. April to first week of June are the hottest period (about 41 °e) here, but SOllle pre-nlonsoon showers pull down this temperature to some extent. Rains The rain starts from second week or June to September. The average rainfall is 1610 mm at Bhopalpatnmn and 1820 Inln at Bijapur.

Mean rainfall recorded at jagdalpur from 1945-1972 (in mm)

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec Total

6.5 2.7 19.3 25.0 28.7 187.03 490.5 456.4 273.5 88.2 13.2 3.6 1595.0

Tel11peratllre Highest ever recorded in May 1973=45°C Lowest ever recorded in january 1946=2.8°C

Record of temperature at Jagdalpur from 1960-1969 (Oe)

Jan. Feh. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec Max: 27.1 29.5 32.4 35.2 36.6 32.0 27.6 27.0 27.9 28.9 27.1 26.2 29.7 33.5 36.7 38.4 40.3 37.8 30.9 30.0 29.9 32.1 29.3 28.8

Min: 9.6 1 J. 1 17.6 20.7 23.8 23.3 21.4 22.1 22.0 18.6 14.0 9.9 14.0 16.1 20.7 24.7 25.7 24.9 23.1 22.6 22.5 21.0 18.7 15.8

Humidit), MaxilTIUlll 87 Minilnunl 22 Wind MaxinlUlll in July MinilllUlll in January

Mean wind speed (24 hrs) in kntlhour at Jagdalpur: 1961-1966

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec 2.8 3.2 3.8 4.5 4.9 6.4 6.1 4.8 5.2 3.0 3.0 2.0 3.4 4.7 4.6 6.8 6.3 7.5 8.2 7.1 6.7 4.9 4.6 3.3 GHOSE: An Overview 7

VEGETATION

The influence of geological formation on the growth condition and and composition of vegetation is very marked. The resultant soil condition, with favourable climate produce a luxu­ riant type of climax vegetation here. This has, however, degraded where ever recurrent annual fires were extensive and shifting cultivation was conlmon in the past. At pJaces almost xerophytic conditions have been observed where thorny species predomin~te. Old cultivation patch~s inside the forest liJnils arc hlank. They are covered with grasses, mostly chhir, during the rains exclude every possibility of tree seedling to have any foothold~ During summer, theseblank areas are swept away by wild fires and as such lhe areas are persistently treeless. The forests are mostly nliscellancous with or without teak. The teak (Tictona grandis) attains its finest dcveloplnent on suitable soil. Its natural regeneration is extremely poor in the Inoist m'eas where dense hanlboo (mostly Dalldrocalanlus strictus and occasionally Ballsula sp.) is the main constituent in the under story. The most valuable plant species, however. is Bija (Pterocarpus marsupium) which occur almost all over. Other plant species like Saja (Ternlinalia tonlelltosa), Dhohin (Dalbergia plaillculata), Sal (), Gah (Diaspyros peregrina), Tinsa {D. daJbergeiodes). Tendu (Diospyros nJelllJ11oxY[OIl), Mango (Mangifera indica), Haritaki (Te","inalia Cebula), Bahera (T. belerica). Amlaki (Embica officenalis), Palas (Butea nlonospernla), Khair (Acacia klltecilu), Toddipalm (Borassus fiahelifera), Anjan (Hardwickia billata), Sulphi palnl (Cargoto urllos), Selnal (Sabnalia malabarica), Pipal (Ficus re{igiosa), Jamun (Syzygius cum;IIi), Khajur (Phoenix sylvestris). Haldu (Adilla cordifolia), etc. have been observed to occur· almost every where, along with misellaneous plants and herbs. The forest of the tract is approximately of the following types: Mixed forest without teak This lype covers the bulk of the the area of the reserve and occurs on all type of soil. Due to considerable local variation, the following sub-types are recognised. I. Hill type with dense banlhoo (at Saglnata, Madepur, Kodepal, Itpal, laitalur). 2. Hill type with scattered or no bmnboo (at some places). 3. Plane type (at Saglnata, Annapur. Eralnmer, Madpur, Kutru, Pasewada, Kakler, Kodepal, Clinger, Kakreli). Mixed forest with teak The forest blocks included in this type are Annapur, Madepur, Itpal, Jaitlur, KodepaJ, etc. The teak occurs mixed with other species but shows its preference for the plane region, nala banks and gently sloping areas, where soil is generally well drained and loamy wit~ fare depth. The patches of teak are found in Kandapal block. Southern dry nlixed deciduous forests These forests occur best in planes and gently undulating areas of the reserve, particularly in parts in Bijapur, Toyner and Bhairamgarh Ranges, The characteristic species are Tendu, Anjan, etc. 8 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

FAUNA

The tract in one of the Inost sparsely populated and interior-most areas of Madhya Pradesh. In the past during State regime. there were no dealings with outside world and hence tranquility prevailed in this foresL. Due to sparcc popUlation and large chunks of forest the wildlife was practically undisturhed here. As such it automatically turned into a natural game reserve. In the past there was abundance of wild animals in the area. The area Kutru was famous for wild Buffalo and Bison. It is also stated that Rhinoceros was also found in the south of Indravati river.

With the development of the area nUlnber of villages grew up around the available water holes in the forest creating conditions that water and food in such areas were not available to the wild aninHlls. Traffic increased gradually causing disturbance in the area thereby slow diminition in the number of wild animals. The recurring annual 'Parad' (a ritual community hunting) in which wild anilnals are killed indiscritninately. have greatly improverished the ganle of this area. The incidence of wild life in the past can be well judged frool the fact that in the past reward used to he given for destruction of carnivore and vennine. At present the status of wild life is stiJi not very bad in the interior areas where commu­ nications have not yet been developed. particularly in the core zone (National Park arca). The National Park which was declared as sanctuary in 1975 and sOlne wildlife protection and manage­ Inent efforts arc going on since then, has a nUlnber of animals in coolparison to the rest of the reserve. The status of wildlife in the adjoining arcas. though degraded but not cOlllpleted and it has still good potential to develop itself like the core area if protection and Inanagement efforts could be extended there. TiRe,. alld its "iche The tiger (PlIlltherli tigris Linnaeus) beign generalist h11S a wide adaptability in terms of shelter and food. This capacity of the supreme predator allows it in the utilisation of the supreme predator allows it in the utilisation of the available habitat to a considerable extent. The area being innernlost and having good density of prey animals and shelter, makes the reserve an excellent hOlne for the tiger. Different lypes of shelters are available in different localities depending upon the terrain and forest type. The choice of shelter also varies with different physiological requirements of the species. Ncar the ridges tiger finds a suitable shelter including a lair for cubs in the broken rocks and in the gorges of Inajor nala, crevices of hroken rocks, small cage like space between base and overhanging rock providing an ideal hide outs. At many places these are accompanied by water holes and shade froln large trees. The lower slopes and the valleys have streams, with long patches of rocky belt retaining water holes at different places. Rock cravices on the bank of a nala also create an ideal hideout concealed by trees, grasses or reeds. These shelters are usually used during SUJnmer season. Patches of dense hanlhoo arc available ahnost all over the area, particularly in lower slopes and alluvial pockets along streanlS. This is the Inost preferred refuge of the tiger during summer and winter. During rainy season the forest noor is usually wet and Inuddy. There is plenty of cover at this time in the ('onn of rock out-crops with sl1100th bed and boulders concealed by shurb growth and is a favourahle resting place for the tiger. GHOSE: An Overview 9

Co-predator

The lllost ilnportant co-predator is the (Plillti1erli pllrdus (Linnaeus). The other predators are the wild Dog (CIIOI1 a/pillus Pallas) and the Python. The population of these co­ predators in core are,\ and outside is expected to be quite good.

ScaVllll/.:ers

The Hyaena (Hyaena hyaellll Linnaeus) and the Jackal (Callis aureus Linnaeus) are the chief scavangers along with vulterislic finish of the coarse rcnlains of the an abandoned kill of major carnivores or the carcasses of anitnals dying through disease, etc. Prey llllinull.,·

The wild artiodactyls, prilnates and lagonlorphs constitute the main food for the tiger and other carnivores. The following arc the illlportant prey aninlals.

Artiodactyla: Suidae : Sus scro.fll Linnaeus Ccrvidae : Cervlts ullic%r Kerr, Axis axis (Erxleben), Muntiacus 111untjak (Zimmerman)

Tragulidae : Tragulus IlIell,illllll (Erxleben) Bovidae: Babu/lls Bublilis (Lennaeus). Boselllpi1us traj(ocalllelus (Pallas), Tetraceros qUlltiricofllis (Blainville), Bo ..... gaunts H. Sinith.

Primates: Cercopithecidae : MacaCll l11ulllttll (Zilntnerman), Pre ..... bytis entellus (Dufresne).

Lagolll0rpha : Leporidae: Lepus Iligricol/is Cuvier It appears that the nUlnber of prey species have greatly detoriated and under heavy huntingl poaching pressure. The wild huffalo, Babalus buiJalis (Linnaeus), is now highly endangered in Indravati .. It may not survive hcre for long unless stringent action is taken imnlediately. It appear that the species has suffered great decline in nUlllber and approximately about 42 to 45 individuals alto­ gether Inight he surviving at Pilloor and Pengonda areas. We have seen only about 8-10 wild buffalos in a nlcadow on Pharsegarh-Pilloor Road, ncar an arti1icially created water-hole by the side of wallow-area fed by manual hand pump.

Seasollal nlovenlellt of Ilerbivourus llllinulis

During rains and winter when water and fodder arc abundant, the herbivorous anilnals are very well dispersed all over the area including the hill ranges. During summer, when the water beC0l11C scarce there is Inovement of the aninlals towards the villages where water is abailable. In the crop season, the tnovement of wild hcrebivors is also noticed due to the attraction of cultivated crop in the villages. 10 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Other anil1ut/ association

Alnong the olher animal association using the saln~ habitat are (Melusus ursillus (Shaw), Rate1 (Mellivora Capellsis (Schreber), Jungle Cat (Felis chaus GuJdenstadt), Indian Fox (Vulpes bellgalellsis (Shaw), C0I111nOn Grey MO'ngoose (Herpestes edwards; Geofti'oy), Palm Givt (Parlldoxurlls henllllphrod;tus Pallas), Indian porcupine (Hystrix indica),· Giant Squirrel (Ratufa indica Erxleben). The snlall mamlnals are represented by Five-striped palm squirrel (Funambulus pennanti Wroughton), Three-striped palm squirrel (F. pa1l1larUl11 Linnaeus), Rats (Rattus blanford; (Thoillas), Rattus raUlts (Linnaeus), Mice (Mus booduga (Gray), Mus urballus Linnaeus), Shrew (SUIlCUS Inurinus (Linnaeus), Fruit bats (Pteropus gigallteus (Brunnich), Rousettus Leschenaulti (Dcsmarest), CYllopterus sphinx (Vahl), Horseshoe bat (Rhillolophus rOllxi), Indian false vampire (Megatienn{l lyra), etc. Avi fall/Ill There is a variety of birds in the area. The aquatic birds are common and mostly found in village tanks, tanks constructed for wildlife developlnent and in the Indravati river which is pcrrennial. The range of arboreal birds is wide but their number is very thin in comparison to other areas due to heavy collection of birds. their eggs and young-ones for food, by trapping. However, during our visit in the Reserve we have recorded about 92 species in and around Kutru, Pharsegarh, Pillor. Sendra, Bedare. Karkeli, Pasewada and Bijapur. Invertebrate faullll Having heautiful forest cover with suitable habitats this tiger reserve harbours a good nUlnber of cold hlooded vertebrates and also various invertebrates. During our stydy period we have recorded a nUlnber of fishes, amphihians, etc.Among insects various groups of Lepidoptera, Orthoptera. Odonata. Diptera, etc. are quite rich in number.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We a~e thankful to the Director. Tiger Project, New Delhi and to the Field Director, Indravati Tiver Reserve, For extending all possible helps during the study period. Our thanks are also due to the Officers and other forest staffs for their assistance during the field work.

REFERENCES

Dongaonkar, K. R. Managelnent Plan for Indravati Tiger Reserve, M.P. 1982-83 to 1989-90. M.P. Forest Dept. (Mimeo). Divckar, H. K. and Bharatbhusan. ) 988. Status survey of the wild Asiatic Buffalo Bubalus bubalis in the Raipur and Bastar Districts of Madhya Pradesh. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. (Mimeo). Majulnder, N. 1984. On a coHection of birds froln Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh. R-ec. zool. Surv. India, Dcc. Paper No.59, pp. I-54. Zool. Surv. India Fauna of Conservation Areas No.6 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve 11-17, 1995

INSECTA: ORTHOPTERA

INTRODUCTION

Orthopterans are commonly known as grasshoppers, locusts, grouse-locusts, crickets, mole­ crickets and piglny-mole-crickets. These are medium to large sized, winged, brachypterous or even apterous fonns. Grasshoppers are voracious devourers of vegetation ·during both their young and adult stages. Grousclocusts feed on the algae and mosses, while crickets and mole-crickets feed on all kinds of aninlal and vegetable Inatters, and also consume dead ones. No worker has studied the Orthopteran fauna of National Parks of Madhya Pradesh, except Tandon et al. (1916), who have studied the grasshoppers of Kanha National Park, 'Madhya Pradesh. The present study is based on the Inaterial collected from Indravati Tiger Reserve, Bastar district, Madhya Pradesh. hy Dr. R. K. Ghose (Senior) and party during the year 1990. A total of 80 examples have heen studied, which are distributed under 15 species and 6 families. All the species are new records for the Tiger Reserve, and 5 of these constitute new records for the State of Madhya Pradesh.

SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNT Class INSECTA Order ORTHOPTERA Fatnily ACRIDIDAE Subfmllily HEMIACRIDINAE I. Spathosterllllnl prasilliferllll1 prasiniferUl1l (Walkar)

I g71. HeTeracris ('!) prllsill~lerllnl Walker, Cat. Derm. Salt. Brit. Mus., 5 (Suppl) : 65

1936. SpathosTerllulI1 prasill~leru'll prllsiniferUI11 : Tinkham, Lingllan. Sci.i., 15: 51. Material examined: 2d I Q; Kutru; 26.i.1990.

I)ia~nosis : Size large; antennae filiform; postocular band well Inarked, and runs up to the postero-Iatcral lohe of pronotulll; prosternal tubercle straight, broad and bilobate; central area of teglllina with a longitudinal black streak; tegmina and wings almost reaching beyond the hind fenlonl. Distribution: India (widely distributed); Burma; S. E. China; Thailand and Vietnam.

Renutrks : It is normally graminicolous and is found mnong grasses. Its normal food plants

M.S. Shishodia 12 Fauna of Indravsti Tiger Reserve in the early hoper instars are various succulent grass weeds specialy star grass (CYllocloll claclyloll). In the later instars it prefers cereal crops to which it transfers ·when these are present nearby. Feeding on broad-leaved plants seenlS only to occur under duress, when succulent grasses are not available. However. it causes damage to paddy, Lucerne and Bcrseem plantation.

Subfamily OXYINAE 2. Oxya Ityla Ityla Serville

1931. Oxya hy/a Servillc, A/~Il. Sci. /lllt. (Zool) , 22: 287. 1971. Oxya IJylll hyla : Hollis, Bull Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Ent.), 26 (7): 282. Material eXlinlilled: 4d" 3 Q (3d" 3 Q NYlnphs); Bijapur: 26.i.1990. Diagnosis: Size large; hcad broader than the pronotulll; fastignum obtuse; antennae fili­ form; prosternal tuhercle striaight and conical; supra-anal plate with triangular apical projection, with small tubercle on both sides; subgenital plate in female with two longitudinal ridges. Hind tibiae are sonlcwhal widened distally and probably aid in swimming. Distributioll : India (, . . , , , Orissa, , , and ); Africa; Oriental Region including India. Renlarks : This species mainly inhabits the ricc· fields and low lying grasslands and is found near streanlS on grasses. There are also· records of its feeding on broad-leaved crops. However, it is injurious to paddy, citrus, colton, barley. canna, jowar, bajra, Inaizc. 'sugercane, wheat, sweet potato, finger nlillel and lucerne plantations,

It is re~orded here for the first tinlc from Madhya Pradesh.

Subfanlily COPTACRIDINAE 3. Ellcoptacra satllrata (Walker) 1870. Acridiul1l sllturatUI11 Walker, Cat. Dernl. Salt. Brit. Mus., 3 : 628 192 1. Ellcopt{lCT~t.~'atur(lta : Livarov, Ann.. Mag. nat. Hist., (9) 7 : 503 Material exanlilled: 1~; Bijapur; 7.ii.1990 Diagnosis: India (Madhya Pradesh and Orissa). Renulrks: Previously recorded from Chindwara, Madhya Pradesh.

Subfamily TROPIDOPOLINAE

4. Tristria sp.

Material examilled: 1~; Bijapur; 7.ii 1990

Dia~llosis : Size large; fastigiulll of vertex parabolic, Inoderately narrow; antennae filliform; prosternal tub~rclc curved backwards, ahnost touching the anterior nlargin of mesosternUln, widened apically; teglnina and wings extending up to the apex of subgenital plate. SHISHODIA: Orthoptera 13

Distributioll : India (Assmn, Bihar, . Maharashtra, Tmnil, Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal); Sri Lanka. Renlarks: IL is recorded here for the first tinle froln Madhya Pradesh.

Family PYRGOMORPHIDAE

5. Atractol11orpila crelluiate (Fabricius) 1793. TruxlIlis crelluilltll Fabricius. Ent. Syst., 2 : 28. 1969. Atrllctoll1011Jha crenuilltli Kevan and Chen Zoo/. J. Linn. Soc., 48: 187

M£lferilll examined: 40"; Kutru; 26.i.1990. 1~; Bidare; 29.i.1990. 10"; 10 kms. North of Kutru; 30.i.l090. 2d' 3~. Bijapur, 7-8.ii.1990. IJiagllosis : Body slender; foveloae or vertex contiguous, superior and fonning the extrem­ ity of the fastigiuln; antennae situated infront of the ocelli; eyes shorter and ov~lI; lateral pronotal lobes with a distinct Inenlbranous area. Distribution: India (Andanlan & Nioohar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Goa, Jammu & Kashnlir. Kcrala. Lakshadecp Islands, Madhya pradesh. Orissa, Rajasthan and West Bengal); Burnlu; Kalnpuchia; Laos; Maldive island; Nepal; N. W .. Sumatra; Thailand; South Vietnam and Sri Lanka. Remarks: It is active throughout the year, though its activities are tTIuch requced in winter season. Both adult and hoppers are serious pests of young plants especially tobacco, maize, gram, jute. cotton. cahhage, cauliflower, castor, citrus, chillies, rice, sorghuln, lucerne, etc.

Superfamily GRYLLOIDEA

Family GRYLLOTALPIDAE

6. Gryllotalpa africalla Beauvois

1805. GryllotlllplI aji-iclInCl Beauvois, Ills. Afr. Amer., : 229 1967. GryllotalplI l{fi'iclllla : Chopard, Orth. Cat. (Part 12): 449. Material (!Xlllllined: 1 0" : Kutru; l.ii.1990. Diagnosis: Size large; head slnall; ocelli two in number; pronotum shield shape and lateral lobes bent towards the nledian line beneath; coxa of anterior legs short and stout; anterior fetnur thick; anterior tihia short, triangular, its apical spurs transfonned into strong elactyls; ovipositor vestigeal. Distribution: India (Andaman islands, Arunachal Pradesh, . Bihar, HilTIachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashlnir, Karnataka, , , Orissa, Pondichery, Tamil Nadu, , Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal). 14 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

ReI/larks: This species is recorded here ror the first lime froln Madhya Pradesh. Il is subterranean in habit and lives in dmnp earth or sand. It causes serious damage to potato, paddy and tea plantation. and also said to eat insects and worms.

Faanily GRYLLIDAE

Subfatnily GRYLLINE

7. Plebeiogrylills gllttiventris (Walker)

J 871. Gryllus gutlivelltr;s Walker. Cat. Denn. Salt. Brit. Mus., 5 '(SuppJ.) : 6. 1964. Plabeiogryllus gutfiventris, Randell, Can. Ent., 96 (12) : 598

Material eXlll11illed: 1 ~; Kerpe; 20 kill. Norlh-West of Kutru; 31.i.1990. l~, Kutru; 2.ii.1990. Diagno.\'is : General shape short and depressed; head blackish above with 6 short light lines on occiput ocelli disposed as a triangle; f~\cc convex; Inirror of elytra divided behind by a curved vein; lateral field with 6 dose veins. Distributioll : India (Bihar, Gao. Karnalaka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Tatnil Nadu. Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal); Burma and Sri Lanka.

Relllllrks: Recorded here for the tirst time from Madhya Pradesh.

8. Gryllodes sigiliat"s (Walker)

1869. Gryllus sigil/atlls Walker. Cat. Den". Salt. Brit. Mus., 1 : 46. 1969. Gryl/odes sigillatus : Chopard. Faulla of India, Orlhoptera. Grylloidea, 2 : 856.

Material examined: 1 ~; 10 km. North of Kutru: 30.i.1990. 1 ~ (Nymph); Kerpe, 20 km. North west of Kutru; 31.i.1990. I ~; Bijapur; 8.ii.1990 Diagnosis: Body pubescent; head slllall, a little flattened; frontal rostrum much sma])er; ocelli disposed as a triangle; face convex; elytra of tnale mayor may not reaching the middle of abdomen, truncate at apex; wings ahnost absent in both sexes. Distributioll :Cosillopolitan. In India it is recorded from Andmnan Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Assmn, Bihar, JanltllU and Kashlnir, Karnalaka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tanlil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal. Relllllrks : This species is very COllllllon in holes of houses, bunglows and crevice in the woodwork of a door, and produce sound of high pitch during night or when it is dark.

9. Pterolll1lobiliS jascip'es (Walker)

1869, Enco!,lers fllscipes Walker. Clit. Denl1. Salt. Brit. Mus., I : 67.

J 931. Pferol1e/llo/Jius fascipes : Chopard, Bull. Raffles Mus., No.6: 134 SHISHODIA Orthoptera 15

Material exal11ined: I d' I~; Kutru; 2.ii.1990. I~; Bijapur; 4.ii.1990. DillKllosis : Stnall in size; posterior fetnora adorned with blackish bands; maxillary palpi very dark at base, with 4th and 5th joints ncarly white; lateral lobes of pronotum blackish; apical spurs of the posterior tarsi 3 on each side, 3 external and 4 internal spine in male, while 3 on each side in female.

Distributioll : India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam Bihar, , HiJnachal Pradesh, Jamlnu and Kashlnir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Orissa, SikkiJn, Tamil Tadu. Tripura. UUar Pradesh and West Bengal); Bunna; China, Malaysia, Philippines and Taiwan.

10 Pterollelllobius taproballellsis (Walker)

) 869 Trigollidiul1l taproballellse Walker, Cat. Denn. Salt. Brit Mus., ) : ) 02. 1969. Pteronel11o!Jius taprobanellsis : Chopard, Fauna of India, Grylloidea, 2: 163.

Material eXlll1lilled: I d'; Kutru; 26.i.1990, 3 ~; Kutru: 2.iLI990. DiaRllosis : Small In size; posterior femora without blackish bands; last joint of maxillary palp almost hlack; lateral lobes of pronotulll and lateral tield of elytra blackish, upper part testacaous; posterior tihiae anncd with 3 external and 4 internal in nlale, while 3 on each side in female.

IJistriiJlttioll: India (Andatnan Islands, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Orissa. Rajasthan, Tanlil Nadu, Tripura and West Bengal); Bangladesh; BUrJna; China; Malacca; Malaysia; Perak; Sri Lanka and Vietnam. Rel11arks : It is recorded here for. the first tilne from Madhya Pradesh.

Parnily TRIGONIDIDAE

II. Trigollid;'"ll /"",,bertiallllll1 (Saussure)

187K. H011loeoxiphlls 11I1I1lbertianllS Saussure, Men. Soc. Gelleve, 25 : 468 1925. Trigollitiiltlll hltl1zherfiall1l111 : Chopard. Rec. Indian Mus., 26: 188 Material eXlImined: 2 0; Bedarc; 29.i.1990 [)illRllosis: Body very small; elytra glabrous, long, convex, silnilar in both sexes. false veins present between the principal veins~ wings usually caudate; anterior tibiae perforated; pos­ terior tihiae non-serrulated, arnled with 3 spines on each lnargin~ second segment of hind tarsi flattcned . . Distribtion : India (Assalll, Bihar, Kerala, Maharashtra, Orissa, Tatnil Nadu, Tripura and West Bengal); Malaya and Sri Lanka. Remarks: It is recordcd here for the first time from Madhya Pradesh. This species is distributed only in Oriental Region. 16 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Super Fmnily TERIGOIDEA

Fatnily TETRIGIDAE

Sub Fatnily SCELIMENINAE

12. Scelilnella prutllii Gunther

1938. Thorat/olltll prufhii Gunther, Stetfill. ellf. Ztg .. 99: 129.

Material examined: 6d' 4~; Kutru: 26.i.1990

Diagnosis: Size slnall; head not exserted: vertex not wider th~:n an eye; frontal costa normally bifurcated; pronotulll covers the whole part of the body, strongly sculpured; posterior angles of lateral lohes of pronotuln with spines which are directcd posteriorly; lateral lobes of pronotum, behind the shoulders. froIll the side view. distinctly angulatcd upward, and from dorsal view bent inwards. wider between shoulders; first segnlent of posterior tarsi longer than the third. Distributioll : India (Madha Pradesh and West Bengal).

Suhfmnily TETRIGINAE

13. Ellparatettix pessollatus. (Bolivar)

1887. Parateftix per",ol1atus Bolivar, Annis. Soc. ent. Belg .. 31 : 278. 1904. Euparateftix perSolllltlls : Hancock, Spolia zeylan., 2: 145

Material examilled: 3d', 6~; Kuru; 26.i.1990. Diagnosis: Size slnall; head a little exserted above the surface of pronotuln;vertex subequal than an eye. a little narrower forward: antennae situated on the lower border of eyes; posterior angles of lateral lohes of pronotulll turned downwards, rounded at ·apex; hind tibiae dense black with white annulations; first and third tarsal seglnents of posterior tarsi unequal.

DistrihuTlon : Wi~ely distributed in India. "It is also recorded froln Bangladesh, Burnla, Bhutan. Pakislan, Java, Phillippiiles, Sri Lanka and Taiw§n.

14. Hedotettix gracilis (De Hann)

1842. AeridiulIl (Te,,·ix) gracile Dc Hann, Tenllllillck. Ver"~ll7del .. Orthoptera: 167, 169 1887. Hedotettix gracilis: Bolivar, Annis. Soc. ellt. BeIR .. 31 : 2X4 Material eXlllllined: 2d' 4~, Kutru; 26.i.1990. 1 <5, 2~; Bijapur; 6.iL1990 DiagnosIs: Size sinall; head a little exscrted; vertex equal or narrower than an eye, not angulatcd inli·ont; frontal costa widcly sulcated, the rami widened between the antennae; pronotum extending hehlhd upto the apex of abdolllen or Illorc; dorsulll tectiforlll between shoulders; angles of lateral lohes' of pronotum turned downwards, rounded at apex; hind tibiae dense blake .with white annulalions~ rirst and third tarsal segments of posterior tarsi unequal. SHISHODIA: Orthoptera 17

Distribution: India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Madhya Pradesh. Maharashtra, , Orissa. Tripura and West Bengal); Pakistan Bangladesh; Burma; Celebes: Java; Taiwan; Thailand; Sri Lanka and Vietnam.

15. Ergatettix dorsifera (Walker)

1871. Tettix dorsifera Walker. Cat. Denn. Salt. Brit. Mus., 5 : 825. 1929. Ergateltix dorsifera : Hebard. Revue suisse Zoo/., 36 : 588

Material t!xanlined: I d' 5~; Kulru; 26.i.1990. Dill}:l1osis : Size sinall; head dis'tinctly exserted; vertex Inore narrower than the preceding species; antennae inserted below the inferior margin of eyes; frontal costa narrowly sulcated; pronotuln extending beyond the apex of hind felnora, two black spots present behind the shoulders which nlay or Iuay not unite to form a conlplete band; Inedian carina of pronolum with or without undulations behind the shoulders; hind fClllora with distinct nodosities. Distributio/l : India (Assanl. Bihar. Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Tamil Nadu. Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal); Bangladesh; Burma; Central Asia; Greater Sunda Island and SUJnha: South China; Sri Lanka Sumatra and Taiwan.

REFERENCES

Bolivar, I. 18M7. Essai sur les Acridiens de la tribu des Tettigidae. Annis. Soc. ent. BeIR .• 31 : 175-313. Chnpard, L. 1967. Orthopterol'ul1l Cata/ogLts. Part 10: 1-21 I. Chopard, L. 1969. The fauna of India and the adjacent countries, Orthoptera, Grylloidea. 2: 175-421. Gunther. K. 193H. Revision der Acridii,nac (Orthoptera) II. Scelilnenae spuriae. Stettin. ent. Ztg., 99: 177-148. Hancock, J. L. 1904. The Tetrigidae of Ceylon. Spolia zeylan, 2 : 97-157. Hollis, D. 1971. A prelinlinary revision of the genus Oxya Audinet Serville (Orthoptera : Acridoidea). Bull. Br. Mus. (nat. Hist.) Ellt., 26 (7) : 269-343

Kevan, D. K. McE. Chen, Y K. 1969. A revised synopsis of the genus Atra~toluorpha Saussure, 1862 (Orthoptera: Pyrgolnorphidae), with an account of the African Aberrans group. Zoo/. J. Linn. Soc .. 48: 141-198. Randell, R. L. 1964. The lnale genitalia in the Gryllinae (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) and a Tribal revision. Call. El1t. 96: 1565-1607. Tandon. S. K. Shishodia, M. S. and anita Dey. 1976. On a collection of Orthoptera (Insecta) from the Kanha National Park, Mandla, Madhya Pradesh, India. News/. zoo/. Surv. India. 2 (4): 167-)70.

Uvarov, B. P. 1921. Records and descriptions of Indian Acrididae. AIlIl. Mag. nat. Hist., London, (9) 7 : 480-509.

Zool. Surv. India Fauna of Conservation Areas No.6 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve 19-29, 1995

INSECTA : HEMIPTERA

The study of hClllipteran fauna of Madhya Pradesh Inade practically no headway except a few records by Distant (1902. 1908, 1910) also, no henlipteran insects are on record from Bastar including Indravati Tiger Reserve.

The Present paper is based on a slllall collection of henliptera brought by Dr. R. K. Ghose fronl the said Tiger· Reserve. It cOlllprises 18 species belonging to 16 genera distributed over 8 fatnilies. Diagnostic characters together with distribution of each species are provided in the paper. All the species constitute new locality records frolll bastar (M.P.) The prcsent study will add to our knowledge of the fauna of Helniptera from Madhya Pradesh. It is fell that proper surveys in the area tnay reveal tnany Inore species of Hemiptera which have not h~cn collected and described as yet. Classified List of Hetniptera frolll Indravati Tiger Reserve:

Suborder HOMOPTERA

Falllily I. Cicadellidae

Gcnus I. G()llia~lldfhllS Fieb

I. GOlliagllathlls Pllllcf~fer (Walker) Family II. Cercopidae

Genus 2. Clovia Stal

2. Clo\'ia cOllifera (Walker) Fanlily III. MClnhracidae

Genus 3. Leptocelltrus Stal

3. Lepfocellfrus subsfitutllS (Walker)

Suborder: HETEROPTERA

Fanlily IV. Coreidae

Genus 4. Cleflls Stal

B. Biswas and L. K. Ghosh 20 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

4. C/etlfs biplIllctlltus (Wcstw.) Fmnily V. Lygaeidae Genus 5. NysiLlS Dallas

S. Nysius cey/olliclIS (Mots.)

6. N. /acustril1lls Dist.

Genus 6. PacllYRrolltlia Gcr-mar

7. Pllchy~r()llfha biplInef{lfa Stal Genus 7. Paron!i"s Fieher

~t PlIJ"{Jll1illS pallidus (Mont.) Genus H. SpilOJtefi111s Stal

9. Spilosretltus palldurus 1I1ilitaris (Fubr.)

Genus 9. StigIHot01l0fUIII. Lindberg

10: Sriglluitonotllnl mi/l.lltltl11 Malipatil Family VI. Pentatiolnidae Genus 10. Halys Fabr.

II. Ha/ys dellfllflls (Fahr,)

Genll~ 1 I. Eusa rcocoris Hahn

12. Eusarc()coris glttliger (Thunb.) Fanlily VII. Pyrrhocoridac Genus 12. Dysdercits AlllY. & Servo

13. /)ysdercus cinglllatll.\' (Fabr.) Fatnily VIII. Reduviidae

Genus 13. Ella~(}ras Burnl.

14. Euagoras plagilltlls BUrin Genus 14. Pirates Servo 15. Pirates atrol1lac:"latlls (Stal)

16. P. qlllltirillotllfltS (Fabricius) Genus 15. Pygoltllllpis Gennar

17. Pygo/tllllpi.\' Illlic%r Walker Genus 16. Sllstrapac!ll Alny. and Servo BISWAS & GHOSH: Insecta: Hemiptera 21

18. Sastrapada bllereu.\prillgi (Stal)

SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNT

Fanlily I CICADELLIDAE

Genus I. GOlliagnat/tus Fieb. 1866 1866. GOlliaglllltllus Fieb., Vcrh. z.-b. Ges. 14: 506.

I. GOlliagllatillis pllilctifer (Walker)

1858. Bytho.\'('opu.\' Pllllcfifer Walker. Ills. Salilld., HOl1l. : 104.

1988. C()nia~llatlll's pUllct(fer: Datta. Rec. Zool, Sur\-,. India, Occ. Paper No. 90: 134. Material eXlIlIlil1l)d: 2 exs.; Bijapur; 7.ii.1990. R.K. Ghose colI.

Diagnostic characters: V crtex with obscure dark spots. three to four times broder as Iniddle length. face punctate with distinct transversc stripes, proJlotum aboul three tirilcs the length of vertex; tegnlina slnoky with thick veins. spots fuscous; legs ringed with black nlarkings.

[Ji.wrihlltiol1 : Madhya Pradesh (Bastar); Bihar. . D.P., Wcst Bengal; Burnla. Maldives; Sri Lanka. Relllarks : In the present study thjs species is being recorded for the first tinle fi"om the area.

Fanlily II CERCOPIDAE

Genus 2. Clovia StaL 1866

1866. Clovia Stal. I-Jelli. A/i-.·~ 7).

2. Clovia conifer (Walk)

n~51. Ptye/us cOIl~l('r Walk .• List HOJll .• 3 : 711.

1885. C/ov;a cOIl(f'er: Atkins, l.A.S.B., 14: 114.

1976. Clovia cOJl~lerll : Datta & Ghose. EOS Revistll Spallo/a de Ellt()I1I()/o~ia : 42. Material examined: 2 exs,; Bijapur. Bastar; 8.ii.1990. R. K. Ghose coil. Diagnostic characters: Head between the eyes subtriangulariy rounded, angularly sinuate; tegll1ina with a large 111edian and larger apical costal hyaline or subhyalinc spots; legs ochraceous, annulated. Distriblltioll : Madhya Pradesh (Bastar); Maharashtra. Nag-aland, Sikinl, West Bengal; Burnla; China, Japan, Sri Lanka. 22 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Remarks: The species constitutes new locality record from Bastar.

Family III MEMBRACIDAE

Genus 3. Leptocelltrlls Stal. 1866

1866 Leptocelltrus Stal, Henl. Afr., 4 : 87 & 90.

3. Leptocelltrus substitlltus (Walker)

1851 Celltrotlls slIhstitlttllS Walker, List. Hom. 2 : 605. 1885 Leptocelltrlts substitutus : Atkins., J. A. S. B., 14: 87. 1986. Leptocelltrus slIhstitlltlls : Ghosh. Biswas & Das. Rec. zoo I. Surv. India 83 (I & 2): 103 Material e.tlllllined: 2 exs. Bijapur, Bastar. 8.ii.1990, R.K. Ghose coil. IJiaXllo.\·tic characters: Head about three tilnes wider than long; pronotum black: ocelli black nearer to eyes than to each other; apices of the suprahumerals less acute; scutellum silky white. Distrihutioll : Madhya Pradesh (Bastar). Maharashtra, West Bengal; China; Sri Lanka. Rellllirks: It is a new record fronl BastaI' area.

Fanlily IV COREIDAE

Genus 4. Cletlls Stal. 1859

1859. Clet"s Stal. Fre~. Efl~. Resa. Ills. Helll.., : 236

4. Cleflls ,·hiplInctallls (Westwood)

1842 CorellJ hiplIllctlltltS Westwood. Hope Cat., 2: 23.

1904. Cletlts biplIllctatLls Distant, Faunll Brit. Illdia, I: 393. Material e:({IIJlilled: I ex., Bijapur, Bastar, 8.ii.1990, R.K. Ghose coil. Diagnostic characters: Pronotal lateral angles shortly but acuely produced, the apices of the spines fuscous. posterior area of pronotulll & the corciulll sonlewhat rosette, lateral margines of coreiulll and a slnall spot on its inner apical Inargin pale luteous. Distrihutioll : Madhya Pradesh (Bastar), Maharashtra, Mysore, West Bengal, Burma, Sri Lanka. BISWAS & GHOSH Insecta Hemiptera 23

Renlarks : This is a distinct species and distributed in all Zoogeographical regions. It is a new record frOlll Bastar. Family V L YGAEIDAE

Genus 5. NysillS Dallas 1852

1852. Nysills Dallas. List Heill., 2 : 331 & 551.

Key to the species of Nysius

1(2) Head anterior area of pronotulll and antennae piceous: coreium pale ochraceous. suhhyaline, apical Inargin with 3 distinct oblong fuscus spots ...... ceyialliclIs 2( I) Head pronotU1l1, antennae ochraceous : Coreiulll hyline with yellowish tint. two black Iines on its apical Inargin ...... lacLtstrinus

5 Nysills ceyiallicits (Motschulsky)

1863. HeteroRllster ceyianiclIs Motschulsky. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. : 78. 1<)88. Nysills ceyl£lllicllS : Mukhopadhyay, Rec. zool. Surv. India, Dcc. Paper No.1 07 : 20 Material eXllmined: I ex.; Bijapur, Bastar; 7.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose colI. Diagnostic characters: Antennae piceous, Inelnhrane pale hyaline; coreiutn ochraceous with three ohlong ruscus spots in its apical margin; posterior area of pronotUin ochraceous, coarsely brownly punctate: 111etnbrane pale hyaline. Distrihlltioll : Madhya Pradesh (Bastar), , West Bengal. Bihar; Sri Lanka. Renulrks.: The characters show sOlne variation between the species. The species. The species constitutes new locality record frolll Bastar.

6. NysillS iacllstrilllls Distant

1909. Nysiu.\' lacus!rillllS Distant, A.M.N.H., (8) 3 : 321. Material e.wlIllined: 6 exs,; Bijapur; 7.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose coIl. DiagJlostic characters: Pronotuln ochraccous darkly punctate, fonning longitudinal fasciae; scutellum piceous hrown with a pale central line on apex. Distribution: Madhya Pradesh (Bastar); North West India. Remarks: The species is being recorded for the first time from Indravati Tiger Reserve in BastaI'. 24 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Genus 6. Pallcltygrolltha Gennar. 1837

1837. Pllclzy~r()lItl1{1 Gernlar, SUb, Rev. Ellt. 5: 152-153. 7. Pachygrolltha biplillctata Stal

I S65. Pach.\~ctr()l1fllll bipltllctafa Stal. Henl. Afr.. 2: 149. 1988. Pacilygrolllha hiplInctata Mukhopadhyay, Rec. zoo/. Surv. Illdia. Dcc. Paper No. 107 : 34

Maferia/ e.rtIlUilled: 1 ex,; Bijapur. Bastar, 7.ii.1990, R.K. Ghose coil. [Jislribllt;oll : Madhya Pradesh (Bastar), West Bengal.

Relliarks : "The species occur on Cyperus ;rva & other hedges" (Mukhopadhyay 1988). Present specinlcn constitutes its first record froln Madhya Pradesh.

Genus 7. Par(}lIlillS Fi\!ber

1839. Stellocor;s Ratnhur., FIl. Alit/a lOlls : 139-140. 1860. Paronlius Fieher, Ell,.. Heill., 45: 170-171.

8. ParOIlI;lIS pallidus (Montrousier)

1865. PlocilJllleru.\' pallidlls Montrousier, Am. soc. Linn. Lyon., 2 (II).

1913. Paronlius pal/idus Distant, Ani. Mag. N(lt. Hist., 8(12): 556-557.

1988. Parollli"s pallidus: Mukhopadhyay, Rec. ~o()l. Surv. India, Dcc. Paper No.1 07 ,: 63. Material exalllilled: 1 ex., Bijapur, Bastal', 8.iLI990. R.K. Ghose coli. Diagnostic clzarac:ters : The species can he recognised by its more robust body with darker shade. IJ;stribut;ol1 : Madhya Pradesh (Basta .. ), West Bengal. Relllork : The species constitutes new locality record.

Genus 8. Spilostetluu; Slat 1868

I S68. Lyglleus. S. G. Spilostethus Stal, Kon.gl. Svensk. Vet, Aklld. Hant/I. 7 (11) : 72.

9. SpilostetiJus palldllrus II,ilitaris (Fabricius)

1775. Chllex 111ititaris Fabricius, Syst. En!., : 717.

1988. Spilostf!thus pandurus militaris: Mukhopadhyay. 'Rec. ~.nol. Surv. India., Dcc. Paper No. 107: 15. BISWAS & GHOSH: Insecta: Hemiptera 25

Material eXllln;Iled: I ex, ~ Kerpe~ 20 kIn N. W. of Kutru, Bastar~ R. K. Ghose colI. Diagnostic characters: Felllora distinctly spined beneath; spot at inner Inargin of eyes and at the apex of davus.· Body colour dull red. Distrihution : Madhya Pradesh (Bastar), Rajasthan, West Bengal. Renulrks : The usual host plants of this species are Calotropis gigalltea and C. procera. It is a well represented species in India.

Genus 9. StiglllatollotulIl Lindberg

1927. Sti~m{/t()ll(}tll/J1 Lindberg, Act. Soc. Fn. PI. Fern. 56 : 9-10.

10. Stigillutollotll111 1I1illlltlll1l MalipaLil

197X. Sti}:nUltOtlotlllll lIlintum : Malipatil, Aust. J. Zoo I. SUpplelJlentary, Series 56 : 23-25.

1988. Stignuuol1olUlIl I7I.inutUl11 : Mukhopadhyay, Ree. zoo I. Surv. India. Dec., Paper No. 107 : 60.

Material eXlll1lited: 3 exs. Bijapur. Bastar; 7 .ii.1990~ R. K. Ghose coil.

!);agllostic Characters: Head, Pronotuln and hernclytra with only short pubescence~ pos­ terior lobe of pronotUln lightly punctate.

Distributioll : Madhya Pradesh (Bastar), West Bengal.

Renulrk.,' : Mukhopadhyay (1988) recorded this species for the tirst tllne froln India. How­ ever, it was unknown frolll Madhya Pradesh.

Fatuily VI PENTATOMIDAE

Genus 10. Halys Fabr. 1803 1803. Hal)'s Fabr.. SySl. Rhyng.: 180

11. Halys delltaills (Fabricius)

1775. Cimex delltlltus Fabricius. S),st. En. I. : 702 I H03. Halys delltatlt.\' Fabricius, Syst. Rhyng.: 180. Material eXlIl11ined: I ex,; 10 km North of Kutru, Bastar; R. K. Ghose coil. [Jillgllustic Character: Head elongated, tapered; scutellum with short basal and obscure fasciae and two 1l1arginal spots before apex; coreiunl with sOlne black obscure discal patches. Distributio/l : Madhya Pradesh (Bastar), Kcrala, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Mysore, Tmnil Nadu, Sikkim, V.P .. West Bengal; ·Pakistan, Sri Lanka. Relllarks: It is distributed in all zoogeographical regions. It also constituted new locality record. 26 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Genus II. Eusarcocoris Hahn., 1834

1834. Eusarcocoris Hahn., Wanz., 2 : 66 12. Ellsarcocoris guttiger (Thulnp) 1783. Cil11eX glitliger Thunb., Nov. Ins. Sp., 2 : 32. 1851 Eusarcocoris guttiger: Dallas, List. Helll., I : 228. 19H9. Ellsantocoris guttiger: Ghose et. ai, Fauna of Orissa: State Fauna Series, 1 (2) : 2. Material eXlinlined: 3 exs. Bijapur. Bastar; 7-8.i.1990. R.K. Ghose coil. Diagnostic Characters: Ventral disc of abdomen brassy black. apical segment of antennae piceous excepting the very base which is ochraceous brown, lateral angles of pronotum obtusely prominent. Distribution: Madhya Pradesh (Bastar), Assanl, Kerala, Sikkiln, Tmnil Nadu, West Bengal; Burnla~ China~ Java; Malay Peninsula; Philippines; Sumatra; Singapore. Relllarks : It is hitherto reported for the first time from Bastar.

Family VII PHYRRHOCORIDAE

Genus 12. Dysderclls Alnyot E' Servielle, 1843

1843. I)yslierclis Alny. & Serv, He/ll. : 272

13. Dysderclls cinglllatlls (Fabricius)

1775. Cimex cillgllilltus Fabricius, Syst. Ent., 719. 1902. DysderclI.\' cingllilltus Distant. Fauna Brit. India, 2: 118 Material exal11illed: 3 exs,; Bijapur, Basta.. ; 8.ii.1990; R. K. Ghose ColI. Diagnostic characters: Coreiulll with a black discal spot; anterior collar to pronotum creamy white; head and pronotum reddish in colour.

Distribution : ~adhya Pradesh (Bastar), Assatn. Meghalaya, Mysore, Nicobar islands, Sikkim; West Bengal; Burnla. Malay Peninsula. Rel1ulrks : This is a coslnopolitan species and distributed in all zoogeographical regions.

Fatuily VIII REDUVIDAE

Genus 13. Euagoras Burm., 1835 I H25. Elillgorlls Burnl. Handb. 2 : 226.

14. Ellagoras plagiatlls (Burin.) BISWAS & GHOSH Insecta Hemiptera 27

I H34. Zelus pla1{iatLls Burnl., Nov. Act. Ac. Nat. Cur., l6( I) : 303. 1861. Euagoras plligilltllS : Stat Stett. ent. Zeit., 22: 136 Material exanlined: I ex.; Bijapur, Bastar; 8.i.1990. R.K. Ghose call. Diagnostic characters: Posterior pronotal lobe with a broad central longitudinal spot; fClnora linearly streaked with a black and with a subapical black annulation. Posterior spines to pronotuln curved and rcflcxed. Distribution: Madhya Pradesh (Bastar); Assmn, Andmnan, Mcghalaya; Burnla; Java, Phil­ Ippines.

Remarks: The species is hitherto reported for the first time from Bastar.

Genus 14. Pirates Servo 1831

I X31. Pirates Scrv .. Ann. Se. Nat. ~ 23 : 215

Key to the species of the genus Pirates

1(2) MClnhranc spotted or Inarkcd with greyish spots and a line on basal nlargin Wll itc ...... qutuirinotatlls

2( 1) MClnhranc spotted with black; basal margin not as above, a snlall black spot near base t)f c)a\'us ...... (ltroillaclilatus

15. Pirates atromaclIlatus (Stal)

1870. Cleptocoris atronuicuilltus Stal, Ofv. Vet.-Ak. Forth., : 692. 1902. Pirates atromaclliatus: Distant, A. M. N. H., 7 (19) : 283.

19~9. Pirates atrolllacuiatus : Ghose, Biswas, Chakraborty & Sen, Fauna of Orissa: State Fauna Series 114: 208. Material exanlined: 1 ex,; Kutru, Bastar; 2.ii.1990; R. K. Ghose colI. I ex.; Kerpe, 20 km N. W. of Kutru, Bastat:; 31.i.1990; R. K. Ghose colI.

Diagllostic characters: Posterior lohe of pronotum scutellum. clavus~ coreium and poste­ rior lateral margin of pro-sternum cinnamon hrown; antennae pilose, sec')nd joint almost as long as pronotum. Distribution: Madhya Pradesh (Bastar); Assmn; Meghalaya; Burma; Java; Philippines; Sri Lanka. Renlark : The species is a new record from the area of study.

16. Pirates quadrinotatus (Fabricius) 28 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

1798. Reduvius qUlIdrillotatus Fahricius, Ellt. Syst. Supple : 544. 1803. Pirates qlllltirillotatlts : Fabricius, Syst. RhYllg : 277. Material c:xlllJlilled: 2 exs.; Bijapur, Bastar; 9.ii.1990; R. K. Ghose colI. I)iaglloste characters: Antennae pilose, second joint about as long as anterior lobe of pronotunl; henlelytra piceous, corciunl with a lllcdial longitdinal ochraceous fascia which is in­ wardly atnpliated and angulated. IJistributiol1 : Madhya Pradesh (Bastar), Bangladesh, Sri Lanka. Rellulrk : It is a new locality record from Indravati Tigar Rescrve in Bastar district.

Genus 15. Pygolaillis Genn., 1817

18 J 7. PygolllJllpis GCrll1 .• Faull. Ins. Ellr. : 8.

J 7. Pygoialllpis lllJic%r Walker

1873. Pygolalllpi.\· IIllicolor Walker, Cat. Het., H : 36. 1902. Pygo/tlll1pis llllicolor: Distant, Faulla Brit. Illdia, 2 : 223. Material (!Xlllllilled: I ex.: Bijapur, Bastar; 4.ii.1990; R. K. Ghose coIl. Diagnostic characters: Head a little shorter than pronotum; anteocular portion faintly longitudinally ridged; postocular portion ohsolately sulcate. Anterior lobe of pronotuln sulcate, posterior lohe with 4 discal carina. I)islributiofl : Madhya Pradesh (Bastar), West Bcngal. Relllarks: Present study recorded the species as new froln Bastar area.

Genus 16. Sastrapada Alny. & Serv., 1843

1843. Sastrapat/ll AnlY. & Servo Henl : 388

18. Sastrapada baerellsprllngi (Stal)

I X59. Harpa~()clJares baerellsprllllgi Stal, Of\'o Vef-Ak. Fortiz. : 38 I. 1902. Slistrapadli bllerellsprullgi: Disl., A. M. N. H .. 7( 10): 177.

Material eXlIlIlilled: I ex.; Bijapur, Basta.. ; 4.ii. 1990; R. K. Gho~e coIl. Diagnostic characters: Sinall discoidal spot to hcmelytra and minute lateral abdominal spots black. BISWAS & GHOSH: Insecta: Hemiptera 29

Distributioll : Madhya Pradesh (Bastar); South Africa; Madagascar; Malayan Archipelago; Mauritius; Sri Lanka; Southern Palaearctic Region. Relllllrks : The species constitutes new record from the area under study.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The authors arc indebted to Dr. A. K. Ghose, Director, Zoological Survey of India for cncouragclnent. Thanks are due to Dr. S. K. Tandon. Scientist 'SEt for niJmerous courtesies. Co­ operation rendered by the members of staff, Hemiptera Section is thankfully acknowledged.

REFERENCES

Distant W. L. 1902. The Faulla of British India, RhYllchota, 1 : 1-438. Distant. W. L. 1908. Ibid., 4: I-50 I. Distant. W. L. 1910. Ibid., 5: 1-362. MUkhopadhyay, Ananda. 1988. Taxoinomic study of Lygaeidae (Heteroptera : Insecta) from West Bengal (India). Rec. zool. Surv. India, Oee. Paper No. 107: 1-72.

Zool. Surv. India Fauna of Conservation Areas No.6 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve 31-44, 1995

INSECTA : ODONA T A

The order odonata represent dragonflies. They help in controlling the noxious insects viz. mosquitoes, flies, aphids, etc. These insects occur in all ecosystems. About five hundred species and subspecies of Odonata occur in India. The present paper reports dragonflies form the Indravati Tiger Reserve. Bastar district. Madhya Pradesh. This work is based on a colJection of two hundred seven adult dragonflies collected during the period January-February, 1990, by Dr. R. K. Ghose, Scientist 'SO' and his party.

References on Odonata of central India are available in Baijal & Agarwal (1955), Bhasin (1953), Fraser (l919b. c & d, 1920, 1934, 1935 and 1936), Hamailinen (1989), Laidlaw (1917, 1919 & 1920), Saini and Singh (1984), Mitra (1977, 1988 & papers in press).

Order ODONATA

Suborder ZYGOPTERA

Family CALOPTERYGIDAE

1. Vesta lis smaragdina Selys

1879. Vestalis snlaragdilla Selys, Bull. A cad, Belg., (2) 47 : 362.

Material exanlilled: 1 d I~; Bijapur; 9.ii.1990 Distribution: Present record: India: Madhya Pradesh: Bijapur Past records; INDIA: Shillong, Khasi Hills (Fraser 1934; Lahiri ] 987). Outside India: Bangladesh, Burma, China, Kampuchea, Laos, Malaysia, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam (Tsda 1991). Renlarks: A new record from the central India.

Family COCNAGRIONEDAE

2. Aciagrion hisopa hisopa Selys

1876. Pseudagrioll hisopa Selys Bull. Acad. Be/g. (2) 42 : 509. 1931. Aciagrioll hisopa hisopa, Tsuda, A distributional list of Odonata, 1991, p.18 Material exafnined: I d; Bijapur; 29.i.1990.

Tridib Ranjan Mitra 32 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Distributioll : Present record: India: Madhya Pradesh: Bastar dist (Bidare). Past records: India: Darjeeling (Selys 1891); Coorg, Deccan. Nilgiris, Travancore (Fraser 1931); Mahabaleswar, Satara, Poona (Fraser 1933). Outside India: Bangladesh. Burma. Malayasia, Nepal, Pakistan, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand. Vietnam (Tsuda 1991). Relllarks : New record from the Central India. It breeds both in rivers and ponds, visible in the grass fields.

3. Aciagrion pallidum Selys

1891. Aciagrion pa llidUI1 1 Selys, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, (2) 10 (30) : 512.

Material exanlined: 80" 4~; Bijapur; 9.iL1990 DisTribution: Present record: India: Madhya Pradesh: Bastar (Bijapur). Past records: India: Dibrugarh (Laidlaw 1914); Assam, Arunachal Pradesh. Manipur (Lahiri 1979); Nurbong (boltom of Mahanadi valley of Darjilling); Nagpur, Moranugao, Kanara (Laidlaw 1919); Khandala. Mahabaleswar, Poona, Satara (Fraser 1924b); Seoni (Madhya pradesh) (Mitra 1988). Outside Illdia : Burma, Kampuchea, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam (Tsuda 1931). Renulrks : The species is usually visible among tall pale grasses, in which it is inconspicous due to its cryptic colouring. This feature is considered as the evolutionary adaptation of the species.

4. Agriocnelnis dabreui Fraser

1919. Agriocnenlis puris Laidlaw, Rec. Indian Mus., 16: 179.

Material exanlined: I 0" 2~; Kutru; l.ii.1990. Distributioll : Present record: Present record: India: Madhya Pradesh: Bastar (Kutru). Past records: India: Lamta, Balaghat (Madhya Pradesh); Gauhati, Toklai (Fraser 1933). Outside Illdia: Burma, Malayasia, Thailand and Vietnam (Tsuda (911).

5. Agriocllenlis pieris Laidlaw

1919. Agriocllelllis pieris Laidlaw, Rec. Indian Mus., 16: 179.

Material exanlilled: 5~; Kutru; 1.ii.1990. {listributioll : Present record: India: Madhya Pradesh: Bastar (Kutru) Past records: India; Calcutta (Mitra 1983); North Kanara (Laidlaw 1919); Coorg, Malabar, Wynaad (Fraser 1924b); Nilgiris (Fraser 1931), Western Ghats, south Kanara (Fraser 1933). MITRA: Insecta: Odonata 33

Renlarks : The species breeds in Inarshy grasslands. 6. Agrioclle",is pygn,aea (Ranlbur)

1842. Agrioll pyglllaeuI11 Rambur, Ills. Nevrop. p.279. Material eXllnlilled: 20'; Bijapur; 8.ii.1990. Distribution: Present record: India: Madhya Pradesh: Bastar (Bijapur). Past records: India :'Calcutta (Mitra 1983; Selys 1891); Nicobars (Hagen 1858); Rajasthan (Bose & Mitra 1976); Dhanbad (Prasad & Kumar 1977) : Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and (Lahiri 1979)~ Chhindwara (Madhya Pradesh), Bhandara (Mitra 1988). Outside India: Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, Burma. China, Hongkong, Indonesia, Japan, Kampuchea, Malayasia, Nepal. Pakistan, Philippines, Papua New Guniea, Singapore, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Taiwan (Tsuda 1991). Renlarks: It breeds throughout the year.

7. Ceriagrioll coro",alJdelianu", (Fabr.)

1798. Agrioll COr0l1111lldelianUl11 Fabricius, Ent. Syst. Suppl., p.287. Material exanlilled: 10'; Kutru; 1.ii.1990; 10'; Bijapur; 8.ii.1990.

Distributioll : Present record: India: Madhya Pradesh; Bastar (Bajapur & Kutru).

Past records: India: Madhya Pradesh: Bastar (Bajapur & Kutru). Past records: India: Bollovumpattis, COl,;hin, Coorg, Deccan, Kanara, Malabar, Nilgiris (Fraser 1931); Mahabaleswar (Fraser 1921); Calcutta, Manipur (Mitra 1975a); Seoni (Madhya Pradesh); Bhandara (Mitra 1988,~ Assam, Mizoram (Lahiri 1979). Outside India: Burma, China, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka (Tsuda 1991).

Rel111lrks : It breeds in weedy tanks. It is visible among the bushes on the banks and borders of the aquatic bodies.

8. PseudagriolJ llypeTlllelas Selys

1876. Pseutiagrioll Izypeflllelas Selys. Bull. A cad. Belg., (2) 42 : 519 Material exanlilled: 10'; Bidare; 29.i.1990 Distributioll : Present record: India: Madhya Pradesh: Bastar (Bidare). Past records: India: Kierpur (Laidlaw 1919); Dcesa (Laidlaw 1916); Deccan areas of the Bonlbay Presidency and South Punjab (Fraser 1933); Chhindwara (Madhya Pradesh); Bhandara (Mitra 1988). 34 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Renlarks: Endemic to India. It haunts the weedy banks of streams and cannals. Family LESTIDAE

9. Lestes unbrina Selys

1891. Lestes unlbrina Selys. AIl~l. Mus. Civ. Genova, (2) 10 (30) : 497. Material exanlilled: 4 Q; Bijapur; 8. -9.ii.1990; Distribution: Present record: India: Madhya Pradesh: Bastar (Bijapur). Past records: India: Duars of Bengal (Fraser 1930; Cutch, Allahabad (Fraser 1933); Nagpur (Laidlaw 1920); Waltair (Laidlaw 1920); Chandigarh (Tyagi 1984). Outside India: Bangladesh. Burma, China. Iran (Tsuda 1991).

10. Lestes viridula Rambur

] 842. Lestes viridula Rambur. Ills. Nevrip., p.252.

Material exanlined: 60' 9~; 5-9.ii.1990; Distribution: Present record: India; Madhya Pradesh: Bastar (Bijapur). Past records: India: Coorg, Deccan (Fraser 1931); Uttar Pradesh (Bhasin 1953); Dehra Dun, Kangra (Singh & Prasad 1974); Bihar (Varshney & Prasad 1988). Outside Illdia : Thailand (Tsuda (991). Renulrks : It is visible among long dry grass, the colour of which it simillates closely (Fraser ] 933).

Suborder ANISOPTERA

Family AESHNIDAE

II. Gynacantlza bayadera SeJys

1891. Gynacantha bayadera SeJys, Ann. Mus. Civ. Genova, 30, p.47. 1920. Gynacantha nlillardi Fraser, J. Bonla), nat. Hist. Soc., 27: 147. 1991. Gynacantha Bayadera, Tsuda, A distributional list of World Odonata, 1991, p.223.

Material examincd: Br1~~~l : 7 ~, 3~ DIJapur 7-8.ii.1990 Distribution: Present record: India. Madhya Pradesh: Bastar (Bijapur). Past record: India: Bengal. Poona (Fraser 1936); Sikkim (Selays 1891); Meghalaya (Lahiri 1987).

Outside India: Bangladesh. Burm~. Indonesia. Malayasia. Nepal. Phi1ippines, Papua New guin('~, SingapofL, Thailall~j ~1Jd TaIwan (Tsud~~ i 991). MITRA Insecta Odonata 35

Rl'lllarks : The specinlcns infront Inc agrce with the descriptions of Gynac(ll1tha I1lillard; Fraser~ but here views of Tsuda ( 1991 ) has been followed. It is a new reco,od from Madhya Pradesh as well as fronl central India.

Fatnily LIBELLULIDAE

12. Dipiacodes trivialis (Rmnbu' I g42. Lihel/ula tri\'ialis Ramhur, Ills. Nevrop., p.115.

Material exalllined : 9d' 4 Q ; Bijapur~ 5-9.ii.1990~ IJis(ri/Jutioll : Present record: India: Madhya Pradesh: Bastar (Bijapur).

Pa.\"! records: India: Assaln (Laidlaw 1914; Lahiri (989); Mahahaleswar (Fraser ) 92) ); Barkuda Island (Fraser & Dover 1927): Anainlalai. Cochin. Coinlhatore. Coorg, Deccan, Kanara, Malahar. Mudi hills. Niligiri Hills (Fraser 1931): Manipur (Mitra 1975): Tripura (Lahiri 1977): Mi/.oratn (Lahiri 1979); Uttar Pradesh (Bhasin ) 953); Chhindwara (Madhya Pradesh)~ Bhandara (Mitra IlJgg). Outside India, : AustraJia, Burnla. China. Fiji. Hongkong, Indonesia. Japan, Laos, Malayasia, Nepal, Philippines. Palau, Pnj'lJa. ~~W Guinea, Solonlon Islands. Seychelis. Sri Lanka. Thailand. Taiwan. Vietnam, Vanuatu (Tsuda 1991). Renlllrks : It wanders about near and away frolll water; sometinles follow passer by on the grassy path.

13. 11ldothelliis lil1lbata .\'ita Carnpion

'9:!~ IJldottll'lill.\ itmiJatll sita Catnpion. Alin. Nat. Hist .. (9) 11 : 28.

Matenal eX{llIlined: I~: Kutru; 30.i. J 990; [)istri/nllioll : Present records: India: Madhya Pradesh: Bastar (Bijapur & Kutru). Past records: India: Coorg (Fraser 1936), Outside Illdill : Sri Lanka (Tsuda 1991). Remarks: New record fronl the central India.

14. Lathrecista asiatica asiatica (Fahr.)

179X. Libel/lila lIsiatica Fabricius, El1t. Syst. Stlppl., p.283.

Material examined: 2 Q; Bijapur; 4.ii.1 ~lqO. I Q; Kondagaon; 23.i .. 1990: 2d; Kutru; 30.i.1990 and l.ii.1990. Distributioll : Present records: India: Madhya Pradesh: Bast,lr (Bijapur, Kondagaon & Kutru). 36 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Pust records: India: Sibsagar (Bhasin (953)~ Cakutla (Mitra (983), Howrah (Da~gupta 1957)~ Barkuda Island (Fraser & Dover 1922), Coorg, Khandala. Nilgiris. Palnis (Fraser 1924b ); Deccan. Malabar (Fraser (931). BOlnbay, Poona (Fraser 1978). Olltside Illdill : Bunna. China. Fiji. Indonesia. Japan. Malayasia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea. Singapore. Thailand. Taiwan. Sml1oa. Sri Lanka (Tsuda 1(91).

Rellllirks : New report froln central India.

15. Nellrothellli.ft Ill/via (Drury)

1773. Lihellllil/ .fit/"ia Drury . .-111. Ex()t. Ills. 2 : X4.

Mllterilll eXlIlJlilled : 3d' I Q : Bijapur; 4-9.i.1990. 2d'; Kulru: 28-30.i.1990. Distriblltiol1 : Present record: India: Madhya Pradesh: BastaI' (Bijapur & Kutru).

Past recortis : India: Dejoo. North LakhilllpUr. Dihrugarh (Laidlaw 1914) : Sibsagar. Buxa. Singhhhull1. Poona. BOll1bay (Bhasin 1(53): Manipur (Lahiri 1979); Saugor (Baijal & Agarwal 1955): Calicut (Selys 1g9 I): Anailnalai. Cochin. Coorg. Dcccan, Kanara. Malabar. Nilgiris. Travancore (Fraser IlJ31). Outside Illdia : Burnla. China. Hongkong. Indonesia. Kmnpuchca, Laos, Malayasia, Ncpal. Thailand (Tsuda Il)Y I ). Taiwan (Liertinck et. al 1984). Relnarks : Addition to the Odonata fauna of central India. The species breeds in weedy aquatil: hodies.

16. Nellrotllell';s illterllledia illterllledia (Ranlhur)

I g42. Libel/lIll1 il1terwl!dia Ranlbur. Ills. Nevrop., p.91. Material ('xl/willed: 2d' 6 Q: Bijapur: 4-9.ii.1990. l)istriiJlltioll : Present record: India: Madhya Pradesh: Bastar (Bijapur & Kutru).

Pa.\'I /'(~eords : India: Arunachal Pradesh. Assail). Mizonun (Lahiri 1979)~ Sikkilll (Licftinck 1Y4X): Buxa. Singhhhuin. Chandanpur. Gorakhpur, Surpur (Bhasin 1953); Doon Valley (Singh & Prasad 1976: Kangra (Prasad IlJ76): BOlnhay, Khandala. Poona (Fraser 1924), Chhindwara (Madhya Pradesh) (M itra Il)XX)~ Anailllalai. Coon!. Deccan. Kananl. Malahar. Nilgiris (Fraser 1931): Silent ~ ~ valley (Rao & Lahiri 19R3).

OUTside India: Bangladesh, Bunna. China. Malalysia. Nepal. Sri Lanka (Tsuda 1991).

17. Ortllelrlllll prllilloslIlll lIegiectlllll (Rmnbur)

1X42. Libel/ifill neglcera Rmnhur. Ills. Nevr0l'., p.S6.

Material eXl/lJlil1ed: I d'; KUlru: 30.i.1990. MITRA Insecta Odonata 37

Di.\'trihutioll : Present record: India: Madhya Pradesh: Bastar (Kutru). Past records: India: Assaln (Laidlaw 1914), Anailnalai and Mudi Hills. Bollovuln panis. Cochin. Coorg. Deccan, Kanara, Malahar. Nilgiris. Palnis, Travancore (Fraser 1931); Tripura (Milra & Sen IY75). Arunachal Pradesh, Mc.\nipur and Mizol'C.un (Lahiri 1979); Dhanbad (Prasad & Kliinar 1977); Belul and Chhindwara (Madhya Pradesh). Mitra 19H5). Outside lilt/ill: Afghanistan, Bangladesh. Bunna. China. Hongkong, Indonesia. Japan. Laos. Malaysia. Nepal. Singapore. Sri Lanka. Thailand. Taiwan, Vietnmll (Tsuda 1991).

I H. O,.thetrulIl sabilla (Drury)

1770, Lihellulll sahillll Drury . .-111. Exot. Ills. 1 : 114. MlIt(Jrial eX(lmined: I d: hijapur: 7.ii.1990. IJ;s(rihlltioll : Present record: India: Madhya Pradesh: Bastar (Bijapur). Past records: India: Mahahaleswar (Fraser 1921); Barkuda Island (Fraser & Dover 1922): Anainullai. Mudi Hills, Coilnbatore. Cochin. Coorg. Kananl, Malabar, Nilgiris. Palni Hills (Fraser 1931 ): ASSaill. Bihar. Panjah Uttar Pradesh (Bhasin 1(53) : Nainital (Sahni 19(4): Gwalior (Baigal & Agarwal 1955): Calcutta (Mitra & Lahiri 1974); Tripllra (Mitra & Sen 1975): Dhanbad (Prasad & KUlnar 1977): Arunachal Pradesh (Lahiri "19~): Anda,nan Islands (Fraser 1924a). Outside Illdia : Afghanistan. Algeria. Australia. BUl'lna. China. Cyprus. Egypt. Hongkong. Indonesia. Iran, Iraq. Israel. Japan, Kalnpuchea. Laos, Malayasia. Micronesia. Nepal, Oman. Philippines. Papua New Guinea. Qater. Saudi Arabia. Sudan. Singapore. SOlnalia. Syria, Sri Lanka. Thailand. Tunisia. Turkey. Taiwan. Vielnaan (Tsuda 1991 ,.

19. Palltala jlavescells (Fahricill~)

179X. Lihel/llla .tlllvescen.\· Fahricius. Ellt. Syst. Sllppl., p. 2X5 Meterilll examined: I d: Bijapur: 23.i.1990. Di.\'tributioJ1 : Presenl record : India : Madhya Pradesh : Basler (B ijapur). Past r(!cords : India: Throughout India. Outside Illdia : Tropical and circuln tropical. Relllarks : Migratory species.

20. Tritllelll;s au,.ora (Bunneisteri)

I ~3l). Lihel/ltll allrora BUl'Incisler. Ilalldh. Ent.. 2 : X59.

Material examined: Id; Bidare: 29i. 1990. 6d 69; Bijapur: 4-S.ii. 1990; 6d2 ~; Kutru: 30.i.1990. 38 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

IJistriblitioll : Present records: India: Madhya Pradesh: BasteI' (Bidarc. Bijapur. Kurtu). PasT records : India: Bengal (Selys 1891); Assarn (Laidlaw 1914); Anainlalai and Mudi Hills (Fraser IlJ31 )~ Khandala. Mahahalcswar. Poona (Fraser 1942h): Arunachan Pradesh. Manipur, Mil.oranl (Lahiri IlJ79): Rajasthan (Bose & Mitra 1976): Betul. Chhnidwara (Madhya pradesh) (Mitra 19XX).

Olltshhj Illdia : BurnlCl. China. Hongkong, Indonesia. Japan. Kanlpuchia. Laos, Malaysia, Nepal. Philippines. Singapore. Sri Lanka. Thailand. Taiwan, Vietnmn (Tsuda 1991),

21. Tritllel11is lastiva (Rambur)

I X42. Libcl/lIll1 fCSTivlI Rmnhur, Ill.\'. NC\TOp., p. 92. MaTcrial eXlimined : I d: Bijapur: 7.ii. 1990. l)istriblltiol1 : Present record: India: Madhya Pradesh: BastaI' (Bijapur). Past rel'orlis : India: Deejoo. North Lakhitl1pur (Laidlaw 1914): Arunachal Pradesh. Manipur. M i/.oranl (Lahiri 1(79): Meghalaya (Lahiri 1987): Ahnora, B ishanpur. Dehra Dun. Mothuonwala. NaJapani. Saharanpur. NiJgiries, Palnis. Travancore (Fraser 1931),

Outside India: Afghanistan. Bunna. China. Cyprus, Hongkong, Indonesia, Iraq, Kampuchia~ Laos. Malaysia, Nepal. Philippines. Papua New Guinea, Singapore. Sri Lanka. Thailand. Turkey, Taiwan. Vielnatn (Tsuda 1991). Remarks: New record froln the central India.

22. Tlzo/YIIlis til/arga (Fahr.)

179X. Libellulll lil/arKll Fahricius~ Ellt. Syst. StiPP I. , p. 285. Material ('.rtllllil1ed : 40" 4X~; Bijapur; 23.i. 1990-X.ii. 1990. Distributioll : Present records : India: Madhya Pradesh: Baster (Bijapur). Plist records: India: Dcejoo, North Lakhirnpur (Laidlaw 1914); Barkuda Island (Fraser & Dover 1(22): Arunachal Pradesh (Lahiri 1979); Mcghalaya (Lahiri 1987): Kangra (Prasad 1976): Ullar Pradesh (Ralll et al. 1983); Trichur (Baijlal & Agarwal 1955); Bol1ovurn pattis, Cochin. Coorg. Deccan. Kanara. Malabar, Nilgiris (Fraser 1931); Poona (Fraser 1919); Laccadives (Fraser IlJ24h ). Outside Illdio : Throughout southern Asia to Australia, and Oceania westwards to Africa and Madagascar. Rel11l1rks : It is eocrepuscular in hahit and nlove along the edges of ponds.

SUMMARY

The paper reports twenty two spices of odonates of which ten species, vi~., Aciagrioll h. hisopa. Agrio(,llcluis picri.\·, Vesta/is JlIlaragtiil1a, G\'Il{lc{{lltha. bawu/era,. Illdotilelliis lil11bata sita, Lathrecista MITRA Insecta Odonata 39

(I. asiatica, NC'ltrorhemis .fluviae. Plilltala .fl11vescells, Trithel11is festiva and Tho/Yl1lis tillarga are new re~ords fruln the central India. At present, only forty eight species are known from the central India. Anll)ng the species recorded, only Plilltliia .floveSCl!IlS have been recorded as migratory spices.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The author is thankful to the Director. Zoologi~al Survey of India. Calcutta for facilities, to Dr. S. K. Bhattacharya, Scientist 'SF' to Dr. S. K. Tandon, Scientist, 'SE' Dr. V. D. Srivastava and Dr. R. K. Ghose. hoth Scicntist 'SO' and Sri S. S. Saha. Asstt. Zoologist of the sanle dep'lrtment for cncouragclllcnts. 40 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Appcndix I (OJonata of central India)

Suhordcr ZYGOPTERA

Fatnily PROTONEURIDAE

I' IJisjJlIrollellrll If"lltiril11l1ClIlaTO (Rmnhur) .., Elll It 011 elf rll lIigerriHlll (Laidsaw) 3. Elof(Olleura l1illa,.i sp. n.

Elliltolleura Ilihllri* sp. n. Male : Ahdolllcn 26 Inln; hindwing 15 In111. Helld : Lahiulll yellow. lahrutll and clypeus ycllow with hlack InClrkings; frons and vertex yellow with a hlack line across the vertex joining the hases of anelnnae. OCCUipl yellow. prothorax brownish yellow. lilro(lx yellow, a fine hlack line on the middorsal carina. two thich black lines. one on either side of relnora hrown. Wil1gs hyaline. II post nodals in the forewings. lOin the hindwings; Plerostigilla yellow. eu: in the forewing 4 cell long, that of hind wing 5 cell long. ac 111cels ah distal to the origin of lauer. Ahot/nlell yellow. with hrown Inark at the apex of I to 6 scglllents: 6 to 7 yellowish brown Hand <) yellow with dark brown spot on the lateral side. Anal lIpplillt/ages usual generic shape; yellowish brown. tip of the inferior black, ventral spine of the superior hifid. inferiors longer than supcriros.

Figure 3 : Anal appl.·lld.lgl.' of t:tlll/loIU!llrll IIi/un; \1111 a MITRA: Insecta Odonata 41 appendages. The specimen differ fronl Elattoneurll atkinsoni (Selys) in length of body parts and colour of different body parts. The species was sent to Late Dr. M. A. Lieftinck, Rhenen, The Netherlands, for comment. Unfortunately he could not fit it to any known species of the genus. Material: Holotype : I d (on board) : India: Madhya Pradesh: Chhindwara, November 20, 1971, coil. V. D. Srivastava and party. ZSI Registration No. 4096/H13 The spccilnen is deposited in the National Zoological Collection, Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta along with the comments of late Dr. M. A. Lieftinck.

Fmnily PLATYENEMIDIDAE

4. Copera I1laigillipes (Rambur)

Family COENAGRIONIDAE

5. Aciagrioll plll/iduI11 Sclys 6. Agriocllelnis dabreui Fraser 7. Agriocllelllis pyglllaea (Rambur) 8. Cercion Calal110rll111 dyeri (Fraser) 9. Cercion 1I1alayanum (Selys) 10. Ceriagrill corol11andeliallltln (Fabr.) II. Ceriagroll olivaceunl Laidlaw 12. Enallagllul parVUl11 Selys 13. Ischllura aurora aurora (Brauer) 14. Ischnura senegalensis (Rambur) 15. Pseudllgrioll decorul1l (Rambur) 16. Pselldagrioll lzyperl1lelas Selys 17. Pseudagrioll I1licrocephalul1l (Rambur) 18. Pseudagrioll rubriceps rubriceps Selys 19. Rhodischllura nursei Morton

Family LESTIDAE 20. Lestes uI11brilla Selys 21. Lestes viridula Rmnbur

Family CHLOROCYPHIDAE 22. Libel/ago Iilleata Iineata (Burm.) 23. Rhinocyp/ta bisignata Selys Suborder ANISOPTERA Family GOMPHIDAE 24. IctbzogOl1lphus rapax (Ram bur) 2~. nn\'rh(JPfJlJlnhll.~ prnnJl1Jirll~ (R ~mhllr) 42. Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Family LIBELLULIDAE

26. Acisoma pallorpoides panorpodies Rambur 27. Brachythenlis cOlltal11illata (Fabr.) 28. BradilloPYKll gel11.inllta Rambur 29. Crocothenlis servi!ia servilia (Drury) 30. Diplacodas trivialis (Rambur) 31. Illdothenlis carllatica (Fabr.) 32. IVellrOlilel11is illterl1ledia ill te rl11edia (Rambur) 33. Orthetrunl cancel/atunt cancel/atuln (Linne.) 34. Orthetrunl prilinsOll111 negiectuI11 (Rambur) 35. Orthetntlll sabina sabina (Drury) 36. OrtizetrUI11 tlienioiatUI11 (Schneider) 37. Potal11arcl1a congener (Rambur) 38. Tral11ea basilaris bunneisteri Kirby 39. Trithenlis aurora (Burmeista)

REFERENCES

Baijal, H. N. and J. P. Agarwal 1955. Opuscula Libellulogica. I. Agra ['niv. J. Res. (Sci.) Agra. 4 : 455-470. Bhasin. G. D. 1953. Odonata. Indiall forest balf., Dehra Dun, 121 : 63-69. Bose, G. and T. R. Mitra 1976. The Odonata fauna of Rajasthan, Rec. zool, Surv. India, Calcutta, 71: I-II. Dasgupta, J. B. 1957. Cytological studies on the Indian dragonflIes. II. A study of the chromosemes during rneiosis in thirty spices of Indian Odonata (Insecta). Proc. zool. Soc., Calcutta, 10: 1-65. Fraser. F. C. 19) 8. Indian dragonfiles. Part 3. J. Bombay lIat Hist. Soc., 16 : 141-171. 1919(a). Indian dragonflies. Part 4. J. Bonlbay nat. Hist. Soc., 16 : 488-517. 1919(b). Indian dragonfiles. Pan 5. J. B0l11bay nat. Hist. Soc., 16 : 734-744. 1919(c). Descriptions of four new Indian Odonata. Rec. Indian Mus., Calcutta, 16 : 451- 455. 1919(d). Descriptions of new Indian Odonata larvae and exuviae. Rec. Indian Mus., Calcutta, 16 : 459-467, 1920. Notes on Indian dragonflies. Rec.lndian Mus.,· Calcutta, 19 : 31-33. 1921. a list of dragonflies recorded from Mahabaleswar. J .. B0l11bay nat. Hist. Soc .• 27 : 540-544. 1924(a). Report on a collection of dragonflies (Odonata) from the Andaman Islands. Rec. Indian Mus., Calcutta, 26 : 409-413. 1924(b). A survey of the Odonata (dragonfly) fauna of western India with special remarks on the genera Macrolnia and IdiollYx and description of thirty new spices with Appendix I, II. Rec. Illdiall ·Mus., Calcutta, 26 : 423-522. 1930. Indian dragonfiles, part 35. J. BOl1lbay nat. Hist soc., 34 : 87-101. 1931. Additions to the survey of the Odonata (dragonfly) fauna of western India with descriptions of nine new spices. Rec. Indian Mus., Calcutta, 33 : 443-474. MITRA: Insecta Odonata 43

1933. 1934 & 1936. Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Odonata, Vols I : xii + 423; II : xxiii + 398; III : xi + 461. Taylor & Francis Ltd., London. Fraser, F. C. and C. Dover. 1922. The dragonfiles of Barkuda Island. Rec. Indian Mus., Calcutta, 24 : 303-311 Hagen, Dr. 1858. Odonata, Verh. zool bot. Ges Wiell, 8: 478-481 Lahiri, A. R. 1977. New records of Odonata from Tripura and Arunachal Pradesh. Proc. zool. Soc., Calcutta, 30 : 45-49. 1979. Odonata (Insecta) from different states of north eastern India, Orielltal IllS., Delhi, 13 : 119-132. 1987. Studies on the Odonate fauna of Meghalaya, Rec. zool. surv. India, Occ. Pap, No. ·99 : pp. 402. Laidlaw, F. F. 1914. Odonata. Rec. Indian Mus., Calcutta, 8 : 335-349. 1916. Notes on Oriental dragonflIes in the Indian Museum. No.4. The genus Pseudagriolz. Rec. III dill II Mus., Calcutta, 12 : 21-25. 1917. A list of the dragonfiles recorded from the Indian Empire with species reference to the collection of the Indian Museum. Part I. The Family Agrionlnae. Rec. Indian Mus., Calcutta 13 : 321-348. 1919. A list of the dragonflIes recorded from the Indian Elnpire with species reference to the collection of the Indian Museum. Part II. Rec. Indian Mus., Calcutta, 16 : 169-195. 1920. A list of the dragonflies recorded from the Indian Empire with species reference to the collection of the Indian Museum. Part III. Rec. Indian Mus., Calcutta, 19 : 145-163. Lieftinck, M. A. 1948. Odonata. Arkiv. For. Zo%gi. 41 A no. 10: 1-23 Lieftinck, M. A .. J. C. Lien and T. C. Maa. 1984. Catalogue of Taiwanese Dragonfiles (Insecta : Odonata), pp. 81. Taiwan. Mitra. T. R. 1975. On a collection of Odonata from Manipur, India. Ent. News. USA. 86 : 213- 216. 1977. Field observations on the death of adult dragonflies. Odonatalogica. Utrecht, 6 : 27- 33. 1983. A list of Odonata of Calcutta. En t0l11010g ist ' s 11101l. Mag., Oxford, 119 : 29-31. 1988. Note on Odonata fauna of central India. Rec. zool. Surv. Illdia. Calcutta, 83 : 69 81 (1986). (in press) Note on taxonomic status of five Indian Odonata. J. Bellgal Ilat. Hist. Soc .. Darjeeling. (in press) Taxonomic status of Anax I1Jargillope. Orolestes "Jotes and Platylestes orientalis described by Baiyal and Agarwal. . Mitra. T. R. and A. R. Lahiri. 1974. Notes on the distribution of some dragonfly species (Odonata : Anisoptera) of Bengal, Entolliolog;st's Rec. J. Var .• Kent, 86 : 73-74. Mitra, T. R. and G. S. Sen. 1975. first records of dragonflies (Odonata, Anisoptera) from Tripura, (India). E"tomologist's Rec. J. Var., Kent, 87: 119-120. Prasad. M. 1976. Odonate of district Kangra (Himachal Pradesh). Rec. zool. Surv. India, Calcutta, 71: 95-119. Prasad. M. and A. Kunlar. 1977. New records of Odonata from Dhanbad, Bihar. Newsl. zool. Sllrv. Illdia. Calcutta, 3 : 433-435. Prasad, M. and Varshney, R. K. 1988. The Odonata of Bihar. India. Rec. zool. Surv. India. Occ. pap. No. 110, pp.47. 44 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Ram, R., V. D. Srivastava and M. Prasad. 1983. A not on a collection of Odonata from eastern Uttar Pradesh. Notul. Odonatol., Utrecht , 2 : 15-16. Rao, K. R. and A. R. Lahiri. 1983. First records of Odonates (Arthropoda: Insecta) from the Silent Valley and New Amacambalam Reserved Forests. J. Bonlbay nat. Hist. Soc., 79 : 557-562 Sahni, D. N. 1964. Survey of the Insect fauna of Naini Tal (Ododnata : Anisoptera). Agra Univ. J. Rec. (Sci)., Agra 13 : 89-93. Sahni, R. S. and R. S. Singh. 1984. Certain aquatic insects of Rewa with notes on their habitat. Rec. zool. Surv. India, Calcutta, 81 : 345-354 (1983). Selys-Longchapms, E. De. 1891. Odonates in Viaggio Di Leonondo Fea in Birmania Regioni Viecine. Ann. del. Mus. Civ. dist. Nat., Seria 2, 10. (30) : 433-518. Tsuda, S. 1991. A distributional list of world Odonata 1991; pp. 362. Osaka. Tyagi, B. 1984. List of Odonata of the Chandigarh Union territory and the Chandigarh Siwalik out crops, India. Notul. Odonotol., Utrecht, 2 : 61-62. Zool. Surv. India Fquna of Conservation Areas No.6,' Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve,' 45-52, 1995

INSECTA : LEPIDOPTERA

The Zoologicla Survey of India conducted srveral faunistic surveys to different Tiger Reserves in India. This paper is based on a collection of Lepidoptera made by Dr. R. K. Ghose from Indravati Tiger Reserve, Baster District, Madhya Predesh. It deals with 21 species in 14 genera distributed over 6 families of Rhopalocera and 4 species in 4 genera spread over 4 families of Heterocara. Original and current references and also the geographical distribution of each species have been given. In this connection the works of Bingham (1905, 1907), Evans (1932), Hampson (1894, 1896.1898. 1900), Talbot (1939, 1947), Gupta and Shukla (1987), Varshney (1979), Wintet­ Blyth (1957) and Singh (1977) have been consulted.

TAXONOMIC ACCOUNT

Family PAPILIONIDAE

1. Papilio demolells Linnaeus 1758 Papilio demolells Linnaeus, S),st. Nat., 10., 1 : 464. 1987 Papi/io dellloleus, Gupta and Shukla, Ree. zool. Surv. India, Occ. Paper No. 106: 3. Material exantilled: 3 exs.; Bijapur, Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh; 4.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose coil. Distributioll : Iran, Arabia, India, Sri Lanka, Burma, Malaysia, Lesser Sunda Islands, North Australia and South Papua.

2. Papilio polytes Linnaeus

1758. Papilio polytes Linnaeus, S),st. Nat.. 10 ed., 1 : 460. 1981. Papilio fJolytes. Arora and Mandai, Rec. zoo!. Surv. India, Occ. Paper, No. 29 : 29-30 Material exantined: 1 ex; Kutru, Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh, 1.ii.1990; R. K. Ghose coil. Distributioll : West and south China, India and as far as to Timor and neighbouring Islands except Temimber.

3. Papilio paris Linnaeus

1758. Papilio paris Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., 10 ed., 1 : 471

M. Chaudhury 46 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

19H7. [Jallus clzrysipPllS. Gupta and Shukla, Rec. zool. Suv. I"dia, Occ. Paper, No. 106; 16-17. Milferia/ eXlilll.ined: Nil. Distribution: Indo-Malayan Region. Sulawesi and Key Islands.

Fanlily DANAIDAE

4. Dallas chrysipPllS (Linnaeus)

175H. Papilio cllrysippus Linnaeus. Syst. NlIt., J0 ed., 1 : 471

19X7. Dlillas chrysippus, Gupta and Shukla. Rec. zoo/. Sun'. Illdia, Occ. Paper No. 106: 16-17.

Material eXlIl1lilled: 4 exs: B'idare, Bastar District. Madhya Pradesh; 29.i.1990; R. K. Ghose coil. IJistriblltioll : Indo-Malayan Region. Sulawesi and Key Islands.

5. Ellp/oea c()re (Cranlcr)

17RO. Papilio core Cralner, Pap. exot.• 3 : pI. 266, ligs. E.F. 1997. Ellplea ('ore. Gupta and Shukla, ,Rec. zool. Surv. [lidia, Occ. Pap. No. 106: 15-16 Material e.wlIllilled : 2 exs.; Kutru, Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh; 28.i.1990; R. K. Ghose coil. 2 cxs.; Bidarc, BastaI' District, Madhya Pradesh; 29.i.1990; R. K. Ghose coIl. 4 cxs.; Bijapur, Bastar District. Madhya Pradesh: 4-X.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose coil. DisTribuTioll : India, Sri Lanka, Indo-China, Sunlatra and Java.

Family ACRAEIDAE

6. Acraca violae (Fabricius)

1775. Papilio violae Fahricius. S)'st: Elll. : 460. 1987. Acraea vio/ae. Gupta and Shukla, Rec. zool. Surv. India. Oce., Paper. No. 106: 18-19. Material e.wlIllilled: 24 exs.; Bijapur, Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh; 4-9.ii.1990; R. K. Ghose coIl. Distributioll : Peninsular India and Indo-gangetic plains up to lower hills of Himalaya and Sri Lanka.

Fmnily PIERIDYE

7. Delias ellcharis (Drury)

1773. Plipilio e/lcharis Drury, .~JII. exot. El1t., 2: 16. PI. 10, figs. 5-6.

1987. IJelills ell l'illl ris, Gupta and Shukla, Ree. zoo/. Surv. India, Occ. Pap. No. 106: 6 CHAUDHURY Insecta: Lepidoptera 47

Materilll eXlImined : 9 exs.: Kutru, Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh: 28.i.1990: R.K. Ghose coil. I ex.: Biuarc. Bastar District. Madhya Pradesh: 29.i.1990; R.K. Ghose coil. IJistrihlltioll : Lower slopes of the Hil11alayas. Peninsular India and Sri Lanka.

8. Ellrellia hecabe (Linnacus)

175X. Pai/ipo he("abe Linnaeus, Syst. Nat .. 10 cd .. I : 470. 1')86. Eurellla "('('abe, Ghose and Choudhury. Rec. :00/. Surv. India. 84 (1-4): 117. Material eXlImind: 7 cxs; Bijapur. Bastar District. Madhya Pradesh; 4-9.ii.1990: R. K. Ghose coil. ()i.\'triiJlltioll: Ethiopian, Oriental. Australian and Palaearctic regions, east to Korea and Japan

9. Eui-ell,a laeta (Boisduval)

1836. Terills LaeTa Boisduval. Spec. Gell Lep.. I : 674. IYX6. Elirellla laeta. Ghosc and Chaudhury. Rec. :001. Sttrv. India. 84( 1-4): 117. Material exall,i"ed: 4 cxs.: Bijapur. Bastar District. Madhya Pradesh; 4-9.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose coil. {Jistributioll : Soviet Russia (Anlur). North and South China. VietnatTI (Tonkin. AnnaI11), [nuia. Bunna. Java. Kci Island. the Philippines, Tilncr and Japan.

Fmnily NYMPHALIDAE

10. Precis iplrita (Cranler)

174lJ. Papi/io ipltita Cranler. Pap. exot., 3 : 209, figs. C. D.

IYX6. Precis ipliiTa. Ghose and Choudhury. Rec. ':,00/. Surv. India, 34( 1-40): 112

Materilll eXlimined: 2 cxs.~ Bijapur. Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh: 6-9.ii.1990; R. K. Ghose coIl. l)istriIJlltioll : Central to South China (Taiwan), India, Sri Lanka and Burma.

II. Precis atlites (Linnacus)

1763, Pllpilio lItlitl}.\' Linnaeus, Centllr Ins .. p.24.

19X6. Preci.\' at/ites. Ghose and Choudhury. Rec. Zool. Sill'\'. India, R4 (1-4) 111-1 12.

Materia/examined: I ex.: Bijapur. Bastelr District.. Madhya Pradesh; 4.ii.1990~ R.K. Ghose coli, 48 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Distribution: Sri Lanka, India, Burma and central and south china.

12. Precis lelllonias (Linnaeus)

) 758. Papilio lellionills Linnaeus, Syst. Nat .. 10 ed, I : 479. 1987. Precis lenlollias, Chose and Choudhury, Rec. zool. Surv. India, 84 (1-4): 111-112. Material examilled: 1 ex.; Bidarc, Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh; 29.i.1990; R. K. Ghose coiL Distribution: South china, Taiwan, the Philippines, Burma, Indfa and Sri Lanka.

13. Neptis hordonia (Stoll)

1791. Papilio hordonia Stoll, In Crlll1ler's Pap. Exot. Suppl., p1.33, figs. 4,40. 1987. Neptis hort/onia, Gupta and Shukla, Rec. zoo!. surv. India. Dec. Pap. No. 106: 37 Material eXlll1Zilled: 3 exs.; bijapur, Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh; 8-9.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose coil. Distributioll : India (Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, South India and Andaman Islands) and Bunna.

14. Neptis hylas (Linnaeus)

1758. Papilio flylas Lillnaeus. Syst. Nat., 10 ed, I : 486. 1986. Neptis hylliS. Ghose and Chaudhury, Rec. zool. Surv. India, 84 (1-4): 110 Material e:({lIllined: 5 exs.; Bijapur, Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh; 9.ii.1990; R. K. Ghose coil. Distributioll: Sri Lanka, India, Burma, Malayan Subregion (including Lesser Sunda Is­ lands), Palaearctil: Asia and Europe.

15. Phalanta alcippe (Cramer)

1782. Papilio alcippe Cralner. Pap. exot.. 43, pI. 389. fig. G.H. 1983. Phal{lllta llicippe. Varshney, Rec. zool. Surv. India. Occ. Paper, No. 47 : 26.

Material e.¥:lllllined: I ex.; Bijapur, Bastar District, Madhya Pradcsh~ 8.ii.1990; R. K. Ghose coil.

Distribution: India (Sikkim. Assaln), Burma, Tenasserim and extending Malaya Peninsula. Remarks: This species is a new record from Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh. CHAUDHURY Insecta Lepidoptera 49

16. Paratl,yn,a ranga (Moore)

1857. AthYIIUI rll1lRlI Moore, Cat. Lep. Mus. E.I. C., I : 175, pI. Sa, fig.6.

1983. ParathYl1111 rallga, Varshney, Rec. ~ool. Surv. India. Occ. Paper, No. 47 : 36. Material e. .'(llI11ined: I ex.; Bijapur, Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh; 8.ii.1990; R. K. Ghose coil. Distrihutioll : Southern India to Uttar Pradesh, though Sikkim. Assam, Bhutan to Burma.

17. Paratllynla selenopllora (Kollar)

1844. Lilllellitis selellophore Kollar, HUllgefs Kasc/Ililir, 4(2) : 426, p1.7, figs. I, 2. 1983. ParathYl1ul selellophora, Varshney, Rec. zoof. Surv. India. Occ. Pap. No. 47 : 37. Material (-'x(l/nilled: 1 ex.; Bijapur, Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh, 8.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose coil. Distrihutioll : Southern India, Hilnalayas, Assam and Burma.

Fmnily SATYRIDAE

18. Mycalesis visala Moore 1857. Mycalesis visa/a Moore, Cat, up. Mus. IllS. E.I.C., I : 230. 1987. Myca/esis vi.\'(t/a, Gupta and Shukla, Rec. zool. Surv. India, Oce. Pap., No. ) 06-21.

Material eX(lIllilled: 1 ex.; Bijapur, Bastar District~ Madhya Pradesh; 7.ii.,1990; R.K. Ghose coIl. Distrihutioll : India (Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh to Assam) and Burma.

19. Orsotrioena Inedus (Fabricius)

1775. Papilio I1ledus Fabricius, Syst. Ellt. : 488. 1987. Orsotrioef1(l ,,,eeltls, Gupta and Shukla, Rec. zoo/. Surv. India. Occ. Paper No. 106: 25. Material eX(l/llilled: 1 ex.; Bijapur, Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh; 7 .ii.) 990; R.K. Ghose coil. Distributioll : India, Nepal, Burma, South china (Hainan), Vietnam (Tonkin), australia and Papua. Fanlily L YCANIDAE 20. Castalius rosil1len (Fabricius)

1775. Papolio rOSinlOIl Fabricius, Syst. Ellt. : 523. 1987. Cqstalius rosirnon, Gupta and Shukla. Rec. zool. Surv. India, Oce. Paper, No, 106: 44-45. 50 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

MaTerial eXlllJlined: 2 exs.; Bijapur. Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh; 8-9.iLI990; R.K. Ghose colI. DisTributio/1 : Sri Lanka, Pakistan, India and Burtlla.

21. Lalllpides bocticlIs (Linnaeus)

1767. Papo/io hocticllS Linnaeus. Syst. Nat .. 12 cd, I : 789 1987. LllI11pide.\' bocticlIs. Gupta and Shukla, Ree. :00/. Surv. Illdia, Occ. Pap No. 106. 106 : 53.

MaTerial eXlllllined : I' ex.: Bijapur. Bastar Distirct. Madhya Pradesh; 8.ii.1990; R. K. Chose colI.

[)istributioll : Sri Lanka, India, Nepal and Bunna.

Fmnily ARCTIIDAE

22. Cyalla biallca (Walker)

I X56. Bi~of1e hial1ca Walker. List Lep. Net. Brit. MilS., 7 : 1684. 1YX3. Cya/1a hillllC(I. Arora. Ree. :00/. S"rv. India, Occ. Paper. No., 60 : 35 Material exltlllilled : I ex.; Bijapur. BasteI' district. Madhya Pradesh, 23.i.1990; R. K. Ghosh co)].

Distributioll : India (SikkilTI, Assmn, Andanlan Island), Burma and Malayasia. Remarks : This spices is a new record fronl Bastar district as also fronl Madhya Pradesh.

Fmnily CTENUCHIDAE

23. SYllt()l1lis passalis (Fabricius)

J 7H 1. Zy~e\'IlCl passlilis Fahricius. Sp. Ills .. 2 : 159. I X96. Sy"tolliis PliSSlilis, HlII11PSOll, ClIt, LeI'. Pluth. Brit. MilS., I : 86. Materilll exalllilled : I ex.; Bijapur. Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh; 5.iLI990. R. K. Ghosc coil. [Jis(riiJllt;oll : India (Sikkinl, Assmn), Nepal and Bunna.

Relllllrks : This spices is a new record rrOl1l Bastar District as also froln Madhya Pradesh.

Fanlily NOCTUIDAE

24. Ophillsa tJllelia (Guence)

I H52. NlIxia ollc/ill Guenee. Noet., 3 : 2Sg. 1679. CHAUDHURY Insecta Lepidoptera 51

I g94. Ophilfs(I ollelill. Hmllpson. Fauna (~l Brit. Illdia. Moth. 2 : 502.

Material eXlimilled : I ex.~ Bijapur. Bastar District. Madhya Pradesh; 23.i.1990. R. K. Ghosc coil.

[)ist ri hilI iOIl Sri Lanka, throu~h()ut... India. Bunna. China. Penan!!... and Java.

25. Diaphllllia iatic(}stalis (Guenee)

I X54. Mlirgarolicr 11l1ic()SI1l/is Guenee. Delt el. Pyral.. : 303.

1939. IJiaphlillili 11Itic()Stlllis. KI illla. Lep Cata log liS. H9(2) : 247-248.

Matcrial e.HlIllilled: I ex.~ Bijapur. Bastar district. Madhya Pradesh~ 6.ii.1990; R. K. Ghose coil.

[J;strihlltioll : Sri Lanka. throughout India (including Andatnan), Bunna. Pulolaut, Sunlbawa, Cirnla and New Hehrides.

SUMMARY

The Paper incorporates the account or 25 species of Lepidoptera helonging to 10 families of Rhopalocera and Hcter<"ceraJh)JTI Indravati Tiger Reserve in the Baster District of Madhya Pradesh. Of these three arc recorded for the first Linle frOlll lndravati Tiger Reserve as also froln Madhya Pradesh.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

T'his is indehted to the Director. Zoological Survey of India. Calcutta. for providing laboratory facilities for the work. and to Dr. S. K. Ghosc. Officcr-in-Charge. Lepidoptcra Section for review­ ing the paper.

REFERENCES

Binghanl C. T 1905. The Faltlla (~l British Illdia. including Ceylon alld BlIrma. B ullerflies. I : xviii + 537. 15 pis. Taylor and Francis. London. Binghaill. C. T. IlJ07. The Fauna of British lilt/ill, illc/uding Ceylon alld BUfIllli. Buttertlies. 2 : viii + 4XO. 11-20 pis. Taylor and Francis. London. Evans. W. G. 1932. The identification of Indian Butterflies. 2nd. ed .. 454 pp .. 32 pis. Gupta. I. J.and Shukla. J. P. N. 1987. BULlcrllies fronl Bastar district (Madhya Pradesh. India), Rec. Zool. S'IIT. Illdia. Occ. Paper. No. 106 : 1-74, II pis.

Hanlpson. G. F. 1X94. The Falllla (~l British Illdili. il1clllding Ceylon alld BlIrmll, MOlh~. 2 : xxii + 609. Taylor & Francis. London. 52 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Hampson, G. F. 1896. Tile Fauna (~f British India. including Ceylon alld BUr/na. Moths. 4 : xxviii + 594. Taylor & Francis, London.

Hanlpson, G. F. 1898. Catalogue (~f the Lepidoptera Phalaellae in the British Museu"l, I : xxi + 559. Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist .. London.

Hanlpson. ·G. F. 1900. Catalogue (~f the Lepidoptera Phalaellae ill the British Museu/fl, 2 : xx + 589. Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist.. London. Singh. R. K. 1977. On a collection of Buttertlies (Insecta) fronl Bastar, District. Madhya Pradesh. NeH,·sl. ;'00/. Surv. India. 3(5) : 323-326. Talbot. G. 1939. The Fauna of British India. incliuling Ceylon and BUrl1la. Butterflies, 1 : xxix + 600. 2 pis. I Inap. Talhot. G. 1947. The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and BUr/1la, Butterflies. 2 : xv + 506. 2 pis. I nlap. Varshney, R. K. 1979. Revised nOlncnclature for taxa in Wynter Blyth's Book on the Buterflies of Indian Region., J. B0l11iJay Ilat. Hist. Soc.. 76(i) : 33-40. Wynter-B-IYlh. M. A. 1957. Butteltlies of Indian Region. 523 pp. 72 pIs. Bombay Natural History Society. Bornbay. Zool. Surv. India Fauna of Conservation Areas No.6 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve 53-56, 1995

ARACHNIDA : SPIDERS

The arachnid fauna consist of 13 species of spiders leading to 10 genera, some of which were hethcrefore unknown froln the State of Madhya Pradesh. An account of the fauna is given below.

Order ARANEAE Fmnily THOMISIDAE I. TJUJlllisllS projeetus Tikader

1960. TluJlllislls projectus Tikader. 1. Bombay nat, Hist. Soc., 57 : 182. 1980. Thol1lisllS projectlls Tikader, Faulla of Illdia, Spiders, I (1) : 40. SpeCilllellS exal11ined: 3d' ; Bijapur. Baster dist., M.P.; 7-8.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose colI. Distributio1l : India: West Bengal. Remarks: This species is heing reported here for the firsl time from Madhya Pradesh.

2. TholllisllS eherapujells Tikader

1960. TluJlllislts cheraplijeus Tikader. Proc. Illdian Acad. ScL, 64(1) : 54.

1980. Th(JlllislI.\' cllerapujells Tikader, Fauna of India, Spiders, 1(I) : 54.

SpeCil1lell ex(;milled : l~; Kutru village, Bastar dist., M. P.; 26.i.1990; R. K. Ghose colI. Distribution : India : Mcghalaya. Rel1ltlrks : This species is heing reported here for the first tilne from Madhya Pradesh.

3. A,,,ye;aea fortieeps (Cambridge)

1873. Anl,.!·c/e forticeps Cmnbridge. Proc. Zoo/. Soc. Lond., 1873 122. 1885. Anlyclllea forticeps : Silnon, Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr., 10 : 447. 19HO. AII,),cilleli forticeps : Tikader, faulla of Illdia, Spiders., I (I) : 169. Specimen exanlilled: 1d'; Bijapur, BaSlar dist., M. P.; 26.i.1990; R. K. Ghose call. Distributioll : India: Maharashlra; Bunna and Malaysia. Renlarks : This species is heing reported here for the first lime fr0l11 Madhya Pradesh.

U.A Gajbc 54 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Fmnily L YCOSIDAE

4. Hipposa ageielloides (Silnon)

I XX4. Pinita llRe/el1oides Silnon. Anll. Allis. civ. stor. Ilat. Genova. 20 : 334.

1895. Hippasli lIge/elloilies : Thorell. Spiders (~,. BUr/Ha. : 218.

Il)XO. HipPlI.\'lI lIgelelloides : Tikadcr & Malhotra. Fauna of Illdia, Spiders, 1(2) : 293.

Specimell eXlIlllined : I~, (subaouh): Kurtu village. BastaI' oisl.. M. P.: 28.i.1990; R. K. Ghose coil. I~. (sabaouil); Kerpc villegc. 20 kill. NW of Kurtu, Indrava1i Tiger Reserves, BastaI' disl.. M, P.: 3I.i.1990: R. K. Ghose coil.

Distrihutio1l : India: Kernla. Karnalaka. Tmnil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashlra; Burma: Tharrawaddy and Rangoon.

Rellllirks : This species is being reported here for the first tin1C froln Madhya Pradesh.

5. Pard(}sa Sllnlatralla (Thorell)

1890. LycoslI sUIJllllrllllO Thorell. A 1111. Mils. Store Illlt. Gellova., 30 : 136. lYXO. Pardo,\'lI SlIlIllltrtlllll : Tikadcr & Malhotra. Fauna (~f' JIlt/ia. Spiders. 1(2) : 353.

Specimen eXlimilled : 3 ~; Bijapur. Bastar disl., M.P.; 4.ii.1990; R. K. Ghose coli. 1 ~; Kerpe. 20 kin. NW of Kurtu Indravati Tiger Reserves. Basar dist., M. P.; 31.i.1990; R. K. Ghose coil.

[Jistri/>ltI;OI1 : India : Kcrala. Karnataka. Tamil Nadu, Bihar. Hinluchul Pradesh, West Bcngal. Meghalaya. Rajasthan. Gujrat. Madhya Pradesh. -Arunachal Pradesh: Bangladesh, SU1l1atra, Sri Lanka.

Rellllirks : This is cOlnmon species and reported here for the first till1e froln Bastar district.

6. Pardosa birlllallica Sinlon

I XX4. Part!o,\'(/ Rirll1l1llicli Sinlon. AIlII. Mils. ('iv. stor. Illlt. Genel·a. 20 : 333.

19XO. PlIrdo.\'lI bin"llll;ClI : Tikader & Malhotra, Faullll of India. spiders, I (2) : 329.

Specil1ll'lI eXlIlllilled : I ~~ Bijapur, Bastar District, M. P.; 4.ii.1990; R. K. Ghose coil. I d, (suhadulL): KUrlu. Basler disl.. M. P.; 2.ii.1990; R. K Ghose coli. 3~. I d, Bijapur, Bastar dist., M. P.; 5.ii.Il)t)O: R. K. Ghose coil.

IJistriiJlllioll : India: Maharashtra. West Bengal, Orissa, UUar Pradcsh, Rajasthan, Gujral. Hinlachal Pradesh. Madhya Pradesh, Meghalaya, Bihar. Tmnil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Bunna; Java: Pakistan.

Remllrks This is a COllllllon species. GAJBE Arachnida Spiders 55

Lycosa p(Jollaellsis Tikadcr & Malhotra

) l)XO. Lyco.\'lI poollaellsis Tikader & Malhotra. FaUllli of Illdia. ,\pic/ers, I (2) : 392.

Spccilllen eXlimincd : ld' ~ Kurtu. Bastar disl., M. P.; 31.i.1990~ R. K. Ghose colI.

IJistriblltioll : India: Poona. Maharashtra.

Rellll,rks : This spe~ies is being reported here for the first time from Madhya Pradesh.

Fmnily ARANEIDAE

7. Argiope aellutia (Walckenaer)

1841 Eperinl ltellllt/a Wakkcnaer. Hist. Nat. Ills. Apt., 2: 118

/9X2. Argiope lIemll/a: Tikllder. Falllla (?lllldia. spiders. 2 (1): 119

Specilliell eXlimined: ) ~ (in11l1aturc); Bidarc viJlagc. lndravati Tiver Reserve. Bastar disl., M. p, : 2I.i.) 990; R.K. Ghose ~oll. 1d' I~. Bijapur. BastaI' disl.. M.P. ; 9.ii.1990; R.K, Ghose ~oll.

Distriblltion: India : Taillil Nadu. Maharashtra. West Bengal. Gujarat, Andaman and Ni~ohar Islands; Sri Lanka~ Burnla~ Indo and Astro-Malaysia.

Rellulrk.\' : This species is being reported here for the lirst tinlc ('rolll BastaI' distri~l.

8. Argiope pulcllella Thorell

) ~~ ) ArRiope pu/chella Thorell. AIlIl. Mus. civ. Gellova, 18: 74. IlJ82 ArRiope pu/chella : Tikader. Fauna of Illdill. Spiders. 2( 1): 129.

Specilllen (!Xlllllilled: I~; Bijapur. Bastar dist.. M.P.; 8.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose ~oll.

[Jistrihlllioll : India: Andmnan & Ni~ohar Islands. West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa. ASSall1. Maharashtra. Tatnil Nadu; Bunl1a~ Malaya Peninsula. Relllarks : This species is heing reported here for the first tinlC I'ron1 Indravati Tiger Re- serves.

9. Argiope pratillalli Sinha

195), Argiope pradhlllli Sinha. Rec. Indian Mus., 49 : 76

19~2. Argiope prlldhllni : Tikader, FllUllll of Illdia. Spiders, 2 (1): 123.

SpeC;'llell eXlIlIlilled: I Q ; Bijapur, Bastar dist., M.P.; 8.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose coIl.

Distriblltioll: India: West Bengal, Andan1an & Ni~ohar Islands; Bunna; Irrawaddy. Moulmcin; Sri Lanka; Indo and Austro-Illalaysia.

Rellllirks : This spe~ies is being reported here for the first tilne froln Madhya Pradesh. 56 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

) O. Neoscona lIulkherjei Tikader

1980. NeOSC()l1l1 11111kheljei Tikader. Proc. India Acad. Sci., 89 (3) : 247.

1982. Neosc(}lla l1lukherjei : Tikader, Fauna (~lllldia. Spiders, 2{ 1) : 248.

Specilnen eXlllnilled; I~; Bijapur, Bastar dist., M.P.; 6.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose coli. Distributioll : India: Maharashtra, West Bengal. Rellllirks : This species is being reported here for the first time from Madhya Pradesh.

1 I. Cycloss hexatllberclllata Tikader

1982. Cyc/osa hexatllberculata Tikader, Fauna of India, Spiders. 2{ 1): 197.

Specilllell eXlll1lined: 2~; Bijapur, Bastar disl.. M.P.: 5.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose coil. DisTribution: India : Poona, Maharashtra. Relllllrks : This: species is being represented here for the first tilTIe from Bastar district, M.P.

Family GNAPHOSIDAE

) 2. Callilepis lan,bai Tikader & Gajbe

) 977. Cal/ilepis /tUIl/Uti Tikader & Gajbe, Rec. zool. Surv. India, 73 (1-4) : 50 1989. Calli/epis lambeli: Gajbe, Rec. zool. Surv. India, 85 (1) : 65.

Specilnell exall~ifled: I~; Kondagaon, Bastar' dist., M.P.; 22.i.1990; R.K. Ghose coIl. Distribution: India: Karnataka. Punjab, Madhya Pradesh. Rel11arks : This species is being reported here for the first time from Bastar, district. M.P.

13. Scopodes nlaitraiae Tikader & Gajbe

1977. Scopoties nlltitraiae Tikader & Gajbe, Rec. zool. Surv. India, 73 (1-4): 14 1982. Scopoties 1111litraiae : Tikader, Fauna of India, Spiders, 2(2) : 365. 1988. Scopocies nillitraiae : Gajbe, Rec. zool. surv. India, 85 (I) : 65

Specinlen exal11ined; I~; Kondagaon, Bastar -dist., M.P.; 22.i.1990; R.K. Ghose coil. Distributioll : India: Maharashtra, Gujaral, Orissa, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh. Renu,rks : This species is being reported here for the first lime from Bastar district, M.P. Zool. Surv. India Fauna of Conservation Areas No.6 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve 57-59, 1995

CRUSTACEA:OSTRACODA

The Ostracod crustaceans belong to 8 species representing 8 genera of which 4 species were not known from Madhya Pradesh and one at least appears to be a new record for India. Systematic account of the fauna is given below.

Order PODOCOPIDA Falnily CYPRIDIDAE Sub-fmnily CYPRIDINAE

1. Cypris subglobosa Sowerby

1840 Cypris sllbglobosa Sowerby in J. G. Malcomson. Trans, Geol. Soc. Lond., Ser. 2,5,47. Material: Reg. No. All 948. Bijapur, Bastardist., M.P.; 7.ii.90; R. K. Ghose colI. Reg. No. A/ 2164. Kirpc, Kutru, Bastar dist., M.P.; R. K. Ghose coil. Previous Records: No records available. Distributioll ill India: India: Nagpur, BOlnbay, Phandarpur in Maharashtra; Chitoor, Guntur, Yananl in Godawari delta in Andhra Pradesh; Madurai, Trichy and Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu; Trivendrum in Kerala; Jabalpur, Shahdol, and Indravati Tiger Reserve at Bastar in M.P. Distribution ill other countries : Indonesia, Malaysia, Phillipines, Sri Lanka, Japan. Venezuela. USA, Yugoslavia and USSR.

2. Strandesia weber; (Moniez)

1892. Cypris weberi Moniez. Zo%gische Ergebllise Niderlaallsch Ost. Indiell M. weber: 129. Material: Reg. No. Al1903; Kutru, Bastar dist., M.P.; 3) .i.90; R. K. Ghose call. Previous records: In India recorded for the first time from Jabalpu,', Madhya Pradesh. Distribution ill Illdia : Shahdol and Jabalpur and Indravati Tiger Reserve in M.P. Distributioll in other countries: West Malaysia, Philipines and Indonesia. Remarks: Population/food habits etc. not studied.

Subfamily HERPETOCYPRIDINAE

3. Stenocypris hislop; Forguson

1969. Stenqc),pris his/opi Ferguson. In Neale J. W. (ed.) The Taxonol11Y. morphology and 'Ecology of Recent Ostradoda : 68.

D. K. Harshy 58 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Material: Reg. No. A/1937 : 15~; Kutru, Bastar disl.. M.P.; 28.i.90; R. K. Ghosc colI. Previous records: No earlier records are availahle frotn M.P. IJistrihlltioll illlnt/ill : Nagpur in Maharashtra; Kovur in Andhra Pradesh; Salelll in Tamil Nadu; Jahalpur anti Indravati Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh. Renu,rks : Population, food hahits eLc., not studied.

4. Stellocypris derllpla Vavra

1l)()6. Stellocypris derllpta Vavra. Zoo/. lb. (Syst), 23 : 246.

Material: Reg. No. 1870 : 3 ~; Kutru. Bastar dist.. M.P.; 31.i.90; R. K. Ghose coil. IJistrihlltioll ill India: Pandharpur, in Maharashtra; Guntur area in Andhra Pradesh; Madurai in Tarnil Nadu: lahalpur and Indravati Tiger Reserve in M.P.

IJisrriblltioll ill otller COUll tries : Java, SUlllatra. Phillipines, Sri Lanka.

5. Paraslellocypris biswasi (Deb)

1972. Stellocypris hi,\'WllSi Deb. Jaipur~ Rajasthan.

Material: Reg. No. AI 1905 : 15~; Kutru, BastaI' dist., M.P.; 28.ii.90; R. K. Ghose colI. Predoll,\' records: No records available. Distriblltioll ill India: Jaipur district in Rajasthan; Jabalpur, Shahdol and Indravati Tiger Reserve in M.P. Relliarks: Population, food habits etc. not studied. Only fctnalcs arc collected. Male not known.

6. Clzrissia 11l111lilis (Kue)

1964. Chriss;lI Illullilis (Kile) indiclI Harinlann. lilt. Revue Hydrobio/. S)'.\'t. Beitlz. : 8.

Material: 16~; Bijapur, BastaI' disl.. M.P.; 7.ii.92; R. K. Ghosc coli. Pre\';olls records: No recorus available.

[Jis(riiJlltioll ill III dill : Botnbay in Maharashtra; Travancore in Kerala; Pondichery ; Kanyakutnari in Talnil Nadu; Calcutta in West Bengal; Jahalpur. Darnoh, Sagar, MantUa and Indravali Tiger Reserve in M.P.

l)islrihlltioll ;11 other COlllltr;e,\' : W. Malaysia. Re/Harks : Population, rood hahits etc. not studied. Only fClnales have been collected. Male unknown. HARSHY Crustacea Ostracoda 59

Faanily CYPRIDOPSIDAE

Suhratnily CYPRETrINAE

7. Cyprettll raciborskii Grochlnal icki

I Y 15. CyprclIll rllci/Jorskii Grodllualicki. All:. Akad. Wiss Krakall Math lIat. ki. Reith., 13 : 234.

Mli/erial : Reg. No. A1193~ : I 5 ~~ Kutru. Bastar d~~t.; 2~.i.90; R. K. Ghose coli. Distributiol1 ill India: The prescntlnaterial consistitutcs the first record fronl India. l)istriiJlltioll ill other cOlllltries : W. Malaysia. Indonesia. Rell/arks: Population, food hahits etc. not studied. Only fClllales arc collected. Male unknown.

Suhfalnily CYPRIDOPSINAE

X. P.\'elldocypretta /lltlclliala KUl:

Il)32. P.W:llt/ocyprella 1II11Cllilita Kua. Arch. Hytirobio/. Supp/ .. II : 485.

Mllteri(/l : Reg. No. AI1906 : 2 ~; KUlru; Bastar dist., M.P.: 28.i.90; R. K. Ghose colI.

Prcl'iollS rC'cordsfi'oJll the arell : No record~ availahle. Distributioll ill Illdill : Trivcndrulll in Kcrala; Madras in Tamil Nadu; Jabalpur and Indravati Tiger Reserve in M.P. Distibutioll ill other countries: Java. SUl11atra. Sri Lanka. Relllllrks: Population, food hahits etc. not studied. Only fetnales arc collected. Males unknown.

Zool. Surv. India Fauna of Conservation Areas No.6 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve 61-70, 1995

PISCES

INTRODUCTION

The present report is based upon the fish collection Illade fronl Indravati Tiver Reserve, Bastar district of Madhya Pradesh, by Dr. R. K. Ghose & party during 1990. It reveals 4 orders, 8 families, 18 genera. 24 spel:ies and 199 examples. Earlier workers who worked on fishes of M.P. are, Dubey and Mehra, 1959 (Chambal river, Bastar dt.), Hora, 1938. 1940 (Balladila range, Bastar dt., headwaters of Mahandi river, Raipur dt.), Soni. 1959. 1960 (Bhopal lower and upper lakes), Karmakar and Datta, 1988 (Saberi, Indravati, Mahanadi. Dudhnadi and Kukri (Bhor) rivers, Baslar dl.). The fish collections tllentioned above have been thoroughly worked out laxonolnically and arranged systematically.

SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNTS

Class PISCES Order CYPRINIFORMES Family CYPRINIDAE

I. PUlltills conchonius (Hamilton)

1X22. Cypriflus conchonius Hamilton, Fish. Ganges. pp. 317, 389 (type-locality: Ponds of N.E. Bengal and the rivers of Kosi and Ami). 1985. Puntius COIlChOllius. Sen, The fish fauna ofAssanland the neighhouring N. E. States of India, Rec. zoo/. Sur". India, Occ. Paper No. 64, p. 81. Material studied: 5 exs.; 5.5-8.5l:1l1: Pcllur. Indravati Tiger Reserve, M.P.; 22.i.90~ R. K. Ghose & party. 4 exs; 5.5-7.5 cm~ 10 km. N. of RUlru. Bastar District, M.P.~ 30.i.90; R. K. Ghose & party. Distribution: W. Bengal, Assaan, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Bihar, U.P. Punjab~ "Deccan; Bangladesh~ Pakistan. Rel11arks : Most commonly found barb in streams, canals, ponds, lakes, tanks and rivers. Popularly known as "Stigma Barb" Commercially less important.

2. Puntills .~arana sarana (Hamilton)

1822. Cyprinus Sllranll saranll Hamilton, Fish Ganges. pp. 307, 388 (type-locality: ponds and ri vers of Bengal).

T. K. Sen 62 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

1985. PUIlTiliS SlIrllllll Sllrallll Sen. The fishfollllll vfAssallllllld the neighbouring N.E. States ojJndia, Re('. :,()ol. Surv. Indill, Occ. Paper No. 64, p. 79.

Material sludied : 2 exs.~ 10.0-1 0.5 cnl~ Pellur. Indravati Tiger Reserve, M.P.; 22.i.90; R. K. Ghose & party.

Distributiol1 : Frcshwatcrs throughout India ~ Bangladcsh~ Pakistan~ Sri Lanka~ Thailand~ South China.

Relliarks : Found in rivers. r~anals, road side ditches, beels, ponds and paddy-fields during 1110JlSOon. It is a comlncrciuHy in'lporlant species due to its bigger size and oily good taste. Popularly known as 'Olive-barh'

3. Punt;u.\' sopllore (Harnilton)

1822. Cypri"lls sopi1ore Hatnihon. Fish Ganges, pp. 310, 389, pI. 19, fig. H6 (type-locality: Ponds and rivcrs in thc Gangetic provinces).

19~5. PUllt;lI.\' sophore. Sen. The fish faunll (~f' As.w.lIn lind the neighbouring N.E. States vJ'Illdia. Rec. z,ool. Surv. India, Occ. Paper No. 64, p. 78.

Material stlldied: 17 exs.~ 4.5-8.5 cnl~ Pellur. Indravuti Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh~ 22.i.90: R. K. Ghose & party. 10 exs; 6.5-8.5 cnl~ KUlru, Indravati River. BastaI' District. Madhya Pradesh; H.ii.90~ R. K. Ghose & pany. 6 exs.; 4.5-6.0 cln; near Kutru, IndravaLi Tiger Reserve, BastaI' districL. Madhya Pradesh~ 8.ii.90, R. K. Ghose & pany.

l)isTr;iJlllioll : Freshwatcrs throughout India~ Bangladesh; Pakistan~ Burnla; Nepal and S. China. Renlarks: Found in hoth clear as weB as foul waters: Itean live even in adverse conditions inside sill. with thick bcd of aquatic weeds. It is a voracious eater of floating organislns and aquatic plants. Popularly known as 'COll1l1l011 Barb' · Yel/ow Barh' etc.

4. Dallio (D) aeqllipill"atlls (McClellnnd)

1839. PeriltllllpltS lIequipilllllltlls McClelland, Asiat. Res., 19 (2), p. 393, pI. 60, fig.) (type-locality: Assmn).

1985. l)lIl1io ( I)) lIC'qltipilllllltlls, Sen. The .fish faullll l~lAss{"1l lind the neighbollrillK N.E. states of In dill , Rec. :'00/. sun'. Jlldill, Occ. Paper No. 64. p.42. Material stlldied: 1 ex.; 8.0 ern'; Pcllur. Indravati Tiger Reserves. Madhya Pradesh; 22.i.90; R.K. Ghosc & party.

l)islri/Jutioll : Frcshwatcrs throughout India; Sri Lanka; Bangladesh: Bunna and Thiland.

Remllrks : An ideal aquariunl fish or attractive colour~ COllllllcrcinHy found in clear waters and hill-strcmns. Popularly known as "Giant Danio" (Chehli/Malabar Dani,)). SEN: Pisces 63

5. Sal11l0SIlJI1la bacaila (Hanlilton)

1822. Cyprillus bacoi/a Hmnilton, Fish Ga,,~e.\', p. 265. pI. 8, fig. 76 (type-locality: Gangetic provinces ). 19X5. Sal1"ostolllll bacaila. Sen, Thefishfallllll ofAsSlIl1l lind the neighbouring N.E. States of India, Rec. :00/. Sun'. Illdia. Occ. Paper No. 64, p.31.

Material ,\'llldil~d : 2 cxs; ) 2.5-12.5 ~nl: near Kutru, Indravati River, Baster district, Madhya Pradesh; X.ii.l)O: R.K. Ghose & party. IJistrihutioll : West Bcngal. Madhya Pradesh. North India and Orissa.

Rl~II11lrk.\' : A food fish: lives in heels. tanks, canals and rivers of shallow dcpth. Popularly known as "Chela" (Sekona/Chclliah).

6. Ra:;btJra dallic()lIills (Hmni1ton)

1H22. Cyprilllfs dallic(}llill.\" Hanlilton. Fish Ganges. p.327, pI. 15, l1g.89 (type-locality: Rivers of S. Bengal). 1985. RlIs/Jora dllllicollius. Sen. Tlze.fishfalllla ofAss(1I1l and the neighbourillg N.E. States of India, Rec.:ool. SlIrv. Illdia. Occ. Paper No.64. p.45. MaTcrial stlldied : 6 exs.; 4.0-7.5 cln; ncar Kutru. Indravati River, Bastar district, Madhya Pradcsh: 8.ii.90: R.K. Ghose & party. 2 exs.: 5.0-7.0 cnl; Pcllur. Bastar District. Madhya Pradesh. Indravati Tiger Reserve: 25.i.90; R.K. Ghose & party. IJistriiJlltiol1 : Throughout India; Bangladesh; Pakistan; Burnlu; Sri Lanka; Malaysia. Rl'IlIlIrks : Lives in streams, pools, ponds. canals, paddy-ficlds (during lnonsoon months) etc. Popularly known as "Colllillon Rashora" (DadhikhalDcnduallilo/Darai).

7. ESOIIUlS dallriclls (Hmnilton)

1822. Cypril1Il'\" dlll1r;clts Hmnilton. Fish Gall~es. pp. 325, 390, p. ) 6, tig.88 (type-locality: ponds and dilches of Bcngal).

1995. £.WIIII".\' dllllr;clIs. Sen. The.fishfalllla ofAs.WlIll alld the Ileighbouring JY.E. States ofIndia. Rec. :001. Sllrv. I"dia. Occ. Paper No.64. p.44.

Material stlldied : 45 cxs.; 1.5-3.5 cln; Bidarc. Bastardistrict, Madhya Pradesh, Indravati Tiger Reserve: 29.i.90; R.K. Ghose & party.

Distributioll : West Bengal. Assam. Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Bihar, Orissa, Madras, Gujarat ; Bangladesh; Pakistan; Bunna: Sri Lanka; Malaya; Thailand.

Re/narks : It is a larvicidal fish. C0l1l1nonly found in road-side dilches, canals, pools, strcmns and ponds. Popularly known as .. Dllrika" 64 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

8. Labeo gOlliu ... (Hamilton)

1822. Cyprinus gOllius Hamilton, Fish. Gallges. p.292, 387 (typelocality : Bengal).

1985. LaiJeo gOllius. Sen, The fishfaulILl of ASStl111 and the neighhouring N.E. States of India. Rec. zool. SlIrv. Illdia, Occ. Paper No. 64; p.73. Material studied: ) 0 exs; 6.5-9.5 em; Pellur, Indravati Tiger Reserve. Madhya Pradesh; 22.i.90; R. K. Ghose & party. IJistriiJutiol1 : Assaln. Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, Bihar. alJ over North India as far as Kr!:ihna River; Bangladesh; Pakistan and Bunna. Rel1lllrks : Can be distinguished easily by its slnalJ scales froln other species under this genus. 1\ fncd fish of <':olnnlcrcial importance. Lives in rivers, beels, lakes etc. Popularly known as "Kurchi"

9. Laheo "a1ldilla (Hanlilton)

1822. Cyprinus I1l1ne/ina Halnilton, Fish Ganges, p.300, pJ.8, fig. 84 (type-locality: River Mahananda).

1985. Labeo I1lll1dilla, Sen, The Fish fauna of AS.\'aI11 llnd the neighbouring N.E. States of India; Rec. ~{}ol. Surv. India. Dcc. Paper No. 64, p.73, fig.34. Material sludied: ] ex.; 22.5 em: ncar Kutru. Indravati R., Bastar District. Madhya Pradesh; 8.ii.90; R.K. Ghosc & party. Distriblltion : Assanl. W. Bengal, Madhya Pradesh (new record). Remarks: Lives in rivers. canals and lakes. Rarely found in the catches. Knownpopularly as "Nandi" (Nadani).

10. Labeo bOggllt (Hanlilton)

1841 C/uJllllrosloma hogXllt Sykes, TrailS. Zool. Soc. Lond., 2 : 359 (type-locality: Poona water­ ways).

1981 Laheo /Joggllt. Jayan,ull, F.",' Fishes (~f' India, Handbook No.2. Calcutta, ZSI, p.117. Material studied: 5 exs.; 4.5-7.5 enl; Pellur. Bastar District. Indravati Tiger Reserve; 25.i.90; R. K. Ghose & party. IJistributiol1 : Throughout N. India and up to Cauvery river systeln ; Bangladesh; Pakistan. Remarks: Lives in torrential rivers. A torrential earp of eeonolnic inlportance.

] I . Cirrhilla reba (Hanl i Iton)

1822. Cyprillils re/Ja Hmniltoll, Fish Ganges. pp.280. 386 (type-Io<.:ality : Rivers and ponds of Bengal and Bihar). SEN Pisces 65

1985. Cirrhillll reba. Sen, The fish fauna of ASSlll11 and the neighbouring N.E. States of India. Ree. zoo/. Surv. India. Oee. Paper No.64, p.SS, fig.20. Materia/studied: 6 exs.; 15.5 eln; near Kutru, Indravati R., Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh, 8.ii.90; R.K. Ghose & party. DistributioJl : India; Bangladesh; Pakistan; Burma and Thailand. Rel11arks : Lives in rivers. clear streams and tanks. A good eating fish of economic importance. Popularly known as HReha" (Lasseem/Raig, Rewa~).

12. Tor putitora (Hatnilton)

1822. Cyprilllls plltitofll Hamilton~ Fish. Ganges, pp. 303. 388 (type-locality: Eastern parts of Bengal).

IlJ82. Tor p"titora, Sen & Jayan.lnl, The Mahseer fishes of India: A Review. Ree. zoo/. Surv. Indill. Oce. Paper No. 39, p.S. Material stltdied : 3 exs.; 6.5-7.8 cln; Pellur, Indravati Tiger Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh; 22.i.90; R.K. Ghose & party. Distribution: All along the Hilnalayas including Kashlnir, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, W. Bengal (Datjceling District), Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Assmn. Also found in Nepal, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. Re,"arks : An econolnically ilnportant game fish of India. Known ali over India as 'Mahaseer'. The fish can he easily distinguished by its big scales and prominent barbels.

13. Tor tor (Hamilton)

I X22. Cyprilllts tor Hanliiton, Fish Gauges, pp. 305, 388 (typelocality : River Mahananda).

Il)X2. Tor tor. Sen & Jayaratn. The Mah:·;eers (~f I"dia : A Review .. Ree. zool. Surv. India, Occ. Paper No.39. p.31. fig. I. Material studied: 6 exs.: 9.5-13.5 elll; B idare, Bastar District. Madhya Pradesh, Indravati Tiger Reserve: 19.i.90: R.K. Ghose & party. Distrihutioll : All along the Hilnalayas including Punjah, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh., Orissa, Madhya Pradesh. Assarn, Bihar. W. Bengal (Darjecling District) ; Bangladesh; Pakistan; Burma; China. Ganga and Nannada rivers are its principal habitat. Re",arks : A popular gmne fish of India, of high econolnie ilnportance. Known as "Mahseer" alJ over India.

14. Garra gotyla gotyla (Gray)

I X32. Cyprilllls Gory/a Gray ..1.111. Illd. Zool., 1, pI. 88, figs. 3, 3a (type-locality: Mislnec Mountains. Assanl). 66 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

I gX5. Go fro ~olyla ~olyla. sen. The fish fauna (~lAss(l/l1 (lnd the Ileixh/Jollrillg N.E. Statt::s (~f'IJldill, Rc:c :001. Sun'. III dill , Occ. Paper No.64. p. 64.

Material studied: 27 cxs.~ 4.5-11.5 cln: Pcllur. Bastar Dislrkt~ Madhya Pradesh, Indravati Tiger Reserve: 25.i.90; R.K. Ghose & party. [Jistrihlltioll : All along the Hitnalayas. Chota Nagpur and the Vindh) a-Satpura nlountains of the Indian Peninsula. Also N0pal, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Burma.

RCllIarks : Lives in clem torrential waters along the foot-hills. Popularly known as "Stone­ sucker" (Ghor Poia. Siltoka Bellwa/Kurka).

FHlllily HOMALOPTERIDAE (Fonneriy, Cohitidae)

15. Noellluchellus savo/la (Hmnilton)

1~22. Coh;tis S(l\'(JIIlI Hanlilton. Fish Gall~es.,pp. 357, 394 (typclocality: River Koshi).

1997. VocmllC'itei/us SllVOlla. Menon. FauIIlI (~"Illdill : Cobitoidea. HlJllllllopteridlle; Pl. I. p.91, fig. I O. p1.13.

Material sftidied . 6 cxs.~ 0.5-9.5 Clll; Pellur, Indravati Tiger Reserve, MadhyaP."udcsh; 22.i.90; R.K. Ghose & Party. Dislribulion : Widely distrihuted in the eastern suh-Hilnalayan region. New record ('rorn Madhya Pradesh.

Rel1lllrks : Popularly known as "Lollc/!" The genus Noenllu:Ileilus, is now placed underfmnily H0l11aloplcridae (Menon. 1987). Lives in hill-strcalns. torrential rivulets. etc. C0111mercially not inlpOrLant.

Order PERCIFORMES Fanlily GOBIIDAE

16. GlfI.\·sogobills gillris (Harniltoll)

1822. CohiliS g;flns Hanli1ton, Fish Ganges, pp.St. 366. p1.33, fig. IS (type-locality: Gangetic provinces ).

19X5. Glo,\'.\'ogohills gillris, Sen. Thefishflllllla (~lAs.\,(1I1l alld the Ileixhbouring N.E. States of India. Re('. :00/. SIlIT. III dill. Occ. Paper No.64. p.195.

Material studied: I ex: 5.5 CI11; Bidarc, BastaI' District, Madhya Pradesh, Indravati Tiger Reserve: I 9. i.':} 0; R.K. Ghose & party. IJislrihlltioll : India. E. Africa. Sri Lanka, Pakislan, Bangladesh, Malay Peninsula, China, Japan. Philippines. Australia. Indo-Australian Archipelago and S. Pacitic Islands. SEN: Pisces 67

Rell/ark.,· : Lives in rivers. tanks. heels. canals. lakes etc. Most cOlnlnonly found freshwater spedes throughout India under this genus. A food fish hut not tasty. Popularly known as "Bar-eyed G,,/n'"

Farnily NANDIDAE

17. Badis bad;!;. (Hatllilton)

1~21 Labrll.\' hadi.'· Harllilton. Fish GlIlI~es. pp. 70. 368, 1'1. 25, fig. 23 (type-locality: Gangetic provinces).

I YX5. Balli.,' badis, Sen. The/i.\·"falllltl (~lA.\'.\·lIlJl.lllld the lleiGhhouring N.E. States ofIndia., Rec. zoo/. Sun'. I"dill, Occ. Paper No.64. p.192. fig. I 02. Material studied: ) ex; S.Oenl; Inuravati Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh; 25.i.90; R.K. Ghose & party.

Distributioll : Throughout India. Pakistan. Bangladesh. Nepal and Bunna. Remarks: Not eOlnlnonly found. Sinall woody fish of no ccononlic value. Popularly known as "Mud-perches" (Bot-Koi/SuIl1ha/Nahat/Kundala). Lives in beels and Inarshy wetlands.

Order SILURIFORMES Fmnily BAGRIDAE

18. Mystlls vitlatlls (Bloch)

I XlJ7. Silurus viltlllllS Bloch, Ichti1yol. Hist. 1I11t. II, p.40. p1.371. fig.2 (type-locality: Tranqucber. S. India).

I Y85. Mystlls vitfll1l1S, Sen, The/ishfollllll (~lA.\'.\·llllllllld the neighbouring N.E. States o.llndia. Rec. :00/. Sit IT. IlItiill, Occ. Paper No.64. p.138

Materilll studied: 5 cXS.; 5.5-11.0 cln; Pcllur. Indravati Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh; 22.i.90; R.K. Ghose & party.

l)is(riiJutioll : India, Bangladesh. Pakistan. Bunna. Malay. Thailand and Sri Lanka. R(Jl1lllrks : Most conllnonly availahle cat-fish in tanks. heels, rivers. canals lakes etc. Popularly known as "Striped l)wlIliCat fish" or "Tcl1~rll" A tasty food iish of delnand though bony and small In Sll.e.

19. Rita rita (Hmnihon)

1822. Pi/llelodlls rita Hanlilton, Fish Ganges, pp. 165. 376, pI. 24 & 25, fig. 53, (lype-Iocality : estuaries or Bengal).

1974. Rita rita, Menon. A checklist (~tjis"es (~l the Himalayall alld Illdo-Gallgetic PlllillS, Spl. Pub. ( I ). IlIld. Fish. Soc. India, p.63. 68 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Materia/stue/ied: 7 exs.; 17.5-20.5 c.n; Kutru. Bastar District. Madhya Pradesh; 28.i.90; R.K. Ghose & party.

Distrihution : Freshwaters of U.P .. Bihar, Madhya Pradesh. W. Bengal, Ganges in India and Bangladesh. Pakistan (Sind). Bunnn (Irrawady R.).

Relllarks : Popularly known as "RithliIRita" Grows to a length of 1.2 m. This fish is less ilnpoJ"tant cOllllnercially due to its heavy aweful hony encaseillent and stiff nesh.

Family SILURIDAE

20. O'''pok billlacuiatlls Bloch

1797. Sit",.".\' /JilllllCU/lItlls Bloch.lchlhyol. Hist. d. Po;ss .. II. p.17, pl.364 (type-locality: Malabar).

1985. Olllpok ";I11(1(.'lIlalll,\', Sen, The.tishfllU1lll ofAssam lind file lIeig"b()l~rillg N.E. States of India, Rec. z.ool. Surv. Illdill Occ. Paper No. 64. p.141.

Material sllldied: 2 exs; 12.5-14.0 cln; ncar Kutru. Indravati R., Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh; 8.ii.90; R.K. Ghose & party.

I);strihut;oll : India. Bangladesh. Pakistan, Sri Lanka. Thailand, Burnla. Indonesia.

Remarks: Popularly known ~s .. Butter ('lI(fish" Lives in rivers, heels, canals. lakes. A cOllllnercially ilnportant fish of high dClnand.

21. Wallago aUlI (Schneider)

1XO I. Silirlls (lttll Schneider, Syst. Schth.. p.378, pl.75 (typclocality : Malabar).

1985. Wal/ago atilt. Sen. Thefishfaltllo (~fAsSll"l lind the neighbourillg N.E. States ofblllia. Rec:. zool. Surv. Illt/ia, Occ. Paper No. 64. p.145 fig.79

Malerial sludied : I ex: 27.5 Cln; ncar Kutru. Indravati River .. Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh; X.ii.l)(); R.K. Ghose & party.

/);stribul;ol1 : Throughout India, Bang'ad~sh. Pakistan. Sri Lanka. Burma, Thailand. China, Indonesia.

Remarks: Popularly known as HFreshwatcr Shark" (Boal/Boali). It is very Inuch liked in Assam. Bihar. Orissa and Madhya Pradesh for its rich oil content.

22. Cillpisoll,a garlla (Hatnilton)

1X22. Silllrils gllnlll HaJllilton. Fish Ganges. pp.156, 376, p1.21, fig.50 (lype-Iocality : Gangetic provinces ). SEN Pisces 69

1985. C/upi.wJlllli ~arUll, Sen. The.fishfall1UI (~tAssa11l and the Ileil-:hbouring N.E. States ofIndia, Rec. zoo I. SlIr\,. I"dia, Occ. Paper No. 64, p.147

Material studied: 2 exs; 22.5-24.0 cln~ near Kutru, Indravati R., Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh; 8.ii.90: R.K. Ghose & party. Distribution: Wcst Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Assam. Bihar. Orissa. Bangladesh, Pakistan.

Relllorks : Not taken as food d~!c to its unfortunately ilnposcd had name of being a "Foil/feeder" Lives in big rivers.

Order CHANNIFORMES Fatllily CHANNIDAE

23. Challlla IIlarlllills (Hanlihon)

1822. Ophioceplutlll.\'lIlarulius Hanlihon, Fish Ganges, pp.65. 367, pI. 17. fig.19 (type-locality: R. Ganges).

19~5 Channa Inarlllills, Sen, The.fishfalllla (~lAssam alld the neighbouring N.E, States o.fllldia, Rec. zoo I. Surv. India, Occ. Paper No.64, p.181. Material sTlldied : I ex: 16.5 cln: KUlru. Indravati R .• Bastar District. Madhya Pradesh: 8.ii.90; R.K. Ghosc & party. IJistriiJlItiofl : India, Sri Lanka, Bangladcsh. Pakistan, Bunna. Thailand, China. Renu,rks : Popularly known as "Giallt snake-head" (SaI/Gajal). Generally taken by the poorer seclion. A large nUlllhcr ofconsuillers do nOllake it purcly in superstitions belief. Lives in rivers, canals, heels. lakes etc.

24. Challna stewarti Playfair

1867. Ophiocephlllu.\' stel-vlIrtii Playhlir. Prot.:. z,ool. Soc. Lond., p.14, pl.3 (lype-Iocality : Cachar, Assan~).

1985. CIUlIlIlll stewartii, Sen. ThefishIoullll (~f Assom alld tile lleigl1boLlrin~ N. E. Stales ofIndia, Rec. ':,00/. SUIT. I"dia, Oc~. Paper No.64. p.183. Material studied: I cx: 9.5 cln: Kulru, Indravati River. Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh; 8.ii.90: R.K. Ghosc & party. DistrihuTioll : Assmn. E. Himalayas. Arunachal Pradesh. Meghalaya. West Bengal, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh (new record). Nepal. Renllirks: Generally found in beels and marshy wetlands; can withstand strong drought conditions very well. Popularly known as "Striped .\'Ilake head" COlnlnercially not inlportanl. 70 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

REFERENCES

Day. F. 1X75-78. The fishes of India. XX + 77X pp .. 195 pls.~ London

Duhcy. G. P. & Mchra, R. K. 1959. Fishes and fisheries ofChatnhal River. Proc. First AlIlllt/ia Congr. Zoo/.. 647-665. I lnap.

Hora. S.L.193X. Notes on fishes in the Indian Muscunl. XXXVII. 011 a l:ollection of fishes from Balladila range. Bastar State. Central Provinccs. Re£'. In dill II Mus .. 40 (3) : 237-241.

Jayanllll. K.C. IlJX I. The rreshwater fishcs of India. Pakistan. Bangladesh. BUrlna and Sri Lanka. Handbook No.2. Caiculla, ZSI. iii-viii + 1-475 + i-viii (plates).

Kannakar. A·. K & Dalla, A. K. 1988. On a collection of fish rrolll Bastar District. Madhya Pradesh. Rec. ':,00/. SIlIT. III dill , ()cc. Paper No. 9H. p.l-50.

Misra, K. S. 1962. An aid to the identification OrC0l111l10n cOllllllercialiishcs of India and Pakistan. Rec. In dill II MilS .• 57 ( 1-4) : 1-320.

Mellon. A. G. K. 19X7. The fauna or India and the adjacent countries. Cobitoidca. HOlnalopteridae : Nocillachcilinae. ZSI. Vol. IV. Pt.!. I-X + 1-259. pis. I-XVI.

Scn. T K., Jayaranl. K.C. 1982. The Mahseer Fishes of India: A review. Rec. :'00/. Surv. India, Occ. Paper No. 39 : 1-36.

Soni.D.D. 1l)59 I 1962]. Fish fauna or Bhopal lower lakc. Proc. First All India Congr. Zoo/., pp.639- 641

Soni. D.O. IlJ(10. First fauna of Bhopal upper lake. Proc.llldillll Sci.. 47 (3): 477. Zool. Surv. India Fauna of Conservation Areas No.6 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve 71-75, 1995

AMPHIBIA

INTRODUCTION

After Boulcnger ( 1890) anlphibian fauna of India has been studied by a nUlllber of workers froln Illid-ninctcenth Century. Among lheln works orBoulenger (i 890-1(20). Annandale ( 1907-19(9), Rao ( 1915-1937). Bhadury (1929-1980), Daniel (1962-1975). Pillai (1978-1981). Pillai and Chanda ( 1Y73-1981 ) and Chanda ( 1985-1991 ) are noteworthy. Perusal of literature shows that very little attention has been paid to this group available in Madhya Pradesh including Indravati Tiger Reserve of Bastar District. However Saksena et al. (1988) reported eight species ofatllphibians from Gwalior and Challlbal Division. Madhya Pradesh and Sanyal eT al. (in Press) reported seven species of anlphibians froln BastaI' district. Madhya Pradesh. Present report is hased on a small collection of mnphibians Illade fronl Indravati Tiger Reserve. Bastar District. Madhya Pradesh by Dr. R.K. Ghose in 1990. A lotal of eight species belonging to six genera and four fmnilies have been reported from the area.

Fatuily BUFONIDAE Genus Bllfo Laurenti

Bllfo IIleiallo.'ttictlls Schneider (Conlillon Indian Toad)

1799. Bl~l(} IlIe/all(JsficTItS Schneider, Hist. AlIlplt.• I : 216 1985. Hufo me/lIl1osTictlls : Frost, Amphibian species of the world: 54 Material eXCllIlilled : 2 exs.: Pillur, Indravati Tiger Reserve. Bastar District, Madhya Pradcsh~ 25.i.90; R.K. Ghose coil.

.~ell.\·lIrelllellts : gO-I 00 mm. fronl snout to vent. IJistriiJllf;oll : COlnnlon throughout Sri Lanka; Indian region; Burma; Southern China: Malay Peninsula and Archipelago. Relllllrks : This is the comlnonest species mnong Indian anurans and is found to occur in alnlost all the biotopes. According to Chanda ( 1991 ) this species has been found to occur in Himalayan region upto an altitude of 3048 nl. The hill spccilllen is generally found abundantly in the danlp places and ncar the banks of streanlS. During the greater part of the year this species generally relnaill silent but lllay he heard throughout the year where there is plenLY of rainfall. It-is nocturnal ill habit but durill'g the breeding season it can he seen both during day and night. This species is Inainly insectivorous in habit.

s. K. Chanda 72 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Fmnily RANIDAE Genus TOlllopterna DUlneril and Bibron

TOlnopterlla hreviceps (Schneider) (Burrowing Toad)

) 799. Fllllll breviceps Schneider. Hist. Amph.. 1 : 140

19X5. TlJl71opter"a brevieeps : Frost, Anlphibilill species of the world: 523.

Material eXlllnilled: I ex; Kutru. Indravati Tiger Reservc, Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh~ 30.i.90~ R.K. Ghose coil.

MeaSllrenlellts : 29 Innl frOtll snout to vent.

Distributioll : Sri Lanka; India (Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh); Nepal and Bunna.

Remark: T. Breviceps has been reported here for the first tilne from Indravati Tiger Reserve, Bastar District as also froln Madhya Pradesh. It is a very rare and burrowing species of the family Ranidae and can be seen during early monsoon period. It's shoval shaped lTietatarsal tubercle is used for digging the soil in search of food and shelter. According to Rao (1915) it is a terristrial species and .the burrowing hahit is very sinlilar to the Microhylid frog Uperodoll systOI1UI.

Genus Rana Linnacus

Raila cyallopillyctis Schneider (Skipper Frog)

1799. Raila c),al1ophlyctis Schneider. Hist. Anlplz .. I : 137

1985. Raila ('yalloplllyetis : Frost, Amphibian species of the world: 487.

Material eXlll1lilled: I ex; Bidare, Indravati Tiger Reserve, Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh; 29.i.90; R.K., Ghosc coIl. I ex; Kutru, Indravati Tiger Reserve, Bastar District. Madhya Pradesh; 30.i.90; R.K. Ghose coIl.

Mellsurelllellts : 40-55 mm. from snout to vent.

!Jistribut;oll : Iran; throughout Indian subcontinent from the base of the Himalayas to the southern part of the country; Sri Lanka; Nepal and Thailand.

RellUlrks : It is the COlnmonest and nlost easily available of the Indian frogs, inhabiting all the biotopes of the country. It is altnost entirely aquatic and is active both during the day and night. Skipper frog has the peculiar habit of skipping over the surface of water. It Inay be frequently found on the banks of strcarns or ponds and prefers still water. This frog is a voracious feeder, its food consisting of insects, little frogs, tadpole and insect larvae. CHANDA: Amphibia 73

Rana Iill",(}cllaris Weiglnann (Paddy Field Frog)

1g35. Raila lil11llocharis Weigmann, N. Acta Leop Carat, 16 (1) : 255 19X5. Raila I irI11l0Clzllri.\' : Frost, AI11phibill1l species of the world: 500

Material c'.tlllll.illed : 2 exs; Bidare. Indravati Tiger Reserve, Bastar Dist., Madhya Pradesh; 25.i.90: R.K. Ghose coil. I ex; Pclluf, Indravati Tiger Reserve, Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh; 25.i.90; R.K. Ghose coil. 1 ex; Kutru, Indravati Tiger Reserve, Bastar District. Madhya Pradesh; 27.i.90; R.K. Ghose coli.

MeliSUrel11ellts : 35-40 Inm. froln snout to vent.

Distribution: Sri Lanka; throughout the Indian region; Pakistan and Eastern Asia from Japan to China.

Renlllrk.\· : Il is the commonest and nlost widely distributed Indian frog. It is found abundantly in the vicinity of tanks and streams as well as at the edges of ponds and Inarshes. During monsoon, they wander far and wide in the grass and Illay be found both during the day and night. This species apparently docs not have any fixed breeding season and can breed throughout the year if the conditioins are suitable. It is a voracious feeder and its food Inainly consists of insects and their larvae.

Raila tigerilla Daudin (Indian Bull Frog)

1g03. Rallll tiMerilla Daudin. Hist. Rain Grell. Crap., p.64 1985. Raila tiMerillll : Frost. Amphibian species of the ~vorld : 518

Material examined: 1 ex; Bijapur, Indravati Tiger Reserve, Basten District, Madhya Pradesh; 8.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose coil.

Measurements: 62 mIn. from snout to vent.

DistributioJl : Sri Lanka; COlnnlon throughout India 1'1'001 the base of the Himalayas to South India; Nepal; Bunna; Thailand; South China and Taiwan.

RellUlrks : It is the comnloncst and most widely distributed of the Indian' frogs next to Raila cyallophlyctis and Raila lil1l1locharis. It is generally found in the vicinity of tanks and streams as well as at the edges of ponds and marshes. Occasionally they arc also found to occur in paamanent or semipannanent water bodies. This species has a high comlnercial importance. A large amount of foreign exchange heing earned by exporting the hind lilnbs of this frog. 74 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Fmnily MICROHYLIDAE Genus Microilyia Tschudi

Microllyia crallata (Dunleril and Bibron) (Ornate Microhylid)

1X41 Ellgl'SIOIJlll crllli, DUlll. and Bihron. Erpel. Cell., 8 : 745

IYX5. M icroilylll orl1l1tt' : Frost, AlIlphilbilill species of the world: 387.

Material examined: S exs; Pillur. lndravali Tiger Reserve. Bastar District, Madhyu Pradesh; 25.i.l)O; R.K. Ghose coil.

AtlellSlIrt!lJlt!nts: 12-20 111n1. fn>1TI snout to vent.

IJistribllliol1 : It is a widch: distributed species or Indian and found all over the plains of the country upto un altitude of 1524 Ill. Also round in Sri Lanka; Bunna; South China and Taiwan.

RelJlllrks : It is the COlnnloncst species of the fmn'ily ,Microhylidae and is generally nocturnal in habit. It may he round during the day. hidden under leaves and stones. It has adopted itself to life in different hiotopes froln heavy rainfall areas to desert. This species is mainly insectivorous and feeds on specially sinall Coleopteran insects and ants. June-July is the breeding season oflhis frog. Eggs are laid in flat, transparent 1l1aSses.

Genus Uperodoll DUln and Bibson

Uperodoll g/Obll/OSlllll (Baloon Frog)

I X64. ClICOPIIS !-:IO/JllloSIIIIl Gunther, Repr. Brit. India: 416 Il)XS. Uperodell g/o!Jlllo.\'11I1I : Frost. Al1lphihillll species (~l the ,vorld : 391

M£lterillll'x£llIlilled: I ex; Pillur. Indravali TIger Reserve. Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh; 25.i.l)O; R.K. Ghose coil.

Measurements: 50 n1m. froll1 snout to Vl~nt.

Distrihutioll : Indian in distribution and has been recorded froll1 Assmn, West Bengal, Orissa, Madhya Predcsh. Maharashtra. Gujarat and Karnataka.

RellulrkJ : This species is endell1ic to Indian region. It is a fossorial frog and generally found inside the soil eXl:ept during the breeding season. In loose soil, this species can quickly burrow and disappear inslue the soil. using their powerful shoval-shaped 111elatarsal tubercles. On Jand. it can sinlply hop or slowly walk. while in waler they sinlply Iloat and are the ITIosl fee hie swilnmcrs. This CHANDA: Amphibia 75 sedentary species restricts its movements for burrowing into the nests of their main food, tennites as well as the ground dwelling ants.

Family RHACOPHORIDAE Genus Polypedates Tschudi

Polypedates leucomystax (Grarenhorst)

1829. Hyla leucomystax Gravenhorst, Delic Mus. Uratislau : 26 1985. Polypedates leucomystax : Frost, Amphibian species of the world: 541.

Material examined: 1 ex; Bijapur, Indravati Tiger Reserve, Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh; 8.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose coil.

Measurenlents : 55 mm. from snout to vent.

Distribution: India (Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim and West Bengal); Southern China; Taiwan and Philippines.

Remarks : The present specimen from Indravati costitutes its firs.t record from Madhya Pradesh. It is nocturnal and a rare species of frog. During the monsoon this species occasionally found to occur inside rooms, specially at night. It prefers moist and dark atmosphere of lavatory and may also be found to rest inside thick leaves of plants like pine and roofs of thatched village huts. It is mainly insectivorous.

REFERENCES

Inger, R.F. and Dutta, S.K. 1988. An over view of the Amphibian fauna of India. J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc., 83 : 135-146.

Saksena, D.N., Sarkar, A.K. and Tewari, K.K. 1988. Anuran fauna of Gwalior and Chambal Divisions of Madhya Pradesh, India. J. Hydrobiol, 4 (1) : 25-27.

Sanyal, D.P., Chandra, P.K. and Roy, S. On a collection of amphibian from Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh. (In press)

Zool. Surv. India Fauna of Conservation Areas No. 6 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve 77-83, 1995.

REPTILIA

INTRODUCTION

I had the opportunity to study a small lot of reptile collections made by the Indravati Tiger Reserve survey party of Zoological Survey of India during January-February, 1990 Though the collection at my disposal are far too small to give any idea of the exact number of species of reptiles occuring in the Reserve, it is hoped, will add to the little known herpetological knowledge of the area. The lot contains 12 species and recorded first time from the Reserve.

SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNT Class REPTILIA Order SQUAMATA Suborder SAURIA Family GEKKONIDAE

1. Hemidactyius brooki Gray

(Spotted Indian House Gecko)

1885. Henlidactylus brooki Gray, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., : 153 1935. Hemidactylus brooki Smith,jauna Brit. Ind., 2 : 89-91.

Material examined: 1 ex.; Sendra.; 24.i.1990; R.K. Ghose coli.

Diagnostic cha~acter : Snout obtusely pointed. Scales on the body granular with 14-19 rows of sub-trihedral tuberches. 8 upper and 7 lower labials.~ fty1ental subrangular; nostril between the rostral, first labial and two small shields. Digits free, moderately dilated, wi.th 5 oblique lamellae under the first digit; 7 under the fourth. Greyish above with dark brown sports, more or less regularly arranged; a dark streak along the side of the head.

Distribution: Indravati Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh as mentioned in the material. Else­ where: The species is d\stributed throughout the Indian region. Status : Common. Remarks: Common house gecko in India, but also found away from human habitations.

D. P. Sanyal 7 8 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

2. H emidactylus jlaviviridis Ruppeel (Yellow Bellied House Gecko)

1835. Hel11idactylus jlaviviridis Ruppell, Neue Wirb. Faun. Abyss. : 18. 1935. Hemidactylus jlaviviridis Smith, Fauna Brit. Ind., 2 : 98

Material examined: 1 ex.; Bijapur; 3.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose coil.

Diagnostic characters: Tubercles and the body are negligible in number; upper labials 11 and lower labials 9. 12 lamellae in the fourth toe. Greyish above, with indistinct darker transverse bands.

Distribution: Indravati Tiger Rserve as mentioned above. Elsewhere: India: Northern India to West Bengal and south to the vicinity of Bombay.

Status: Common.

Remarks: This gecko is an edifical species, seldom found far from human dwellings.

3. Hemidactylus triedrus (Daudin)

(Termite Hill Gecko)

1802. Gecko triedrus Daudin, Hist. Nat. Rept., 4 : 155.

1935. Henlidactylus triedrus Smith, Fauna. Brit. Ind., 2 : 88-89.

Material exalnilled: 1 ex.; Kutru; 24.i.1990; R.K. Ghose coil.

Diagn~stic characters: Head rather large, snout obtusely pointed. Upper labials 8 and lower labials 7. Mental large and subtriangular. Two well-developed pairs of postmentals. Gular region with small granular scales. 7 lamellae under the first digit. A handsomely marked gecko with three-edged olive-green crossbars on back; greenish above eye. Back with large tubercules arranged in 16 rows.

Distribution: Indravati Tigrer Reserve as mentioned above. Elsewhere: Widely distributed in India and Pakistan.

Status: Common.

Remarks: A ground-dwelling form commonly associated with termite hills. SANY AL: Reptilia 79

Family AGAMIDAE

4. Calotes versicolor (Daudin) (Common Garden Lizard or Bloodsucker)

1802. Agnla versicolor Daudin, Hist. Nat. Rept., 3 : 395. 1935. Calotes versicolor Smith, Fauna Brit. Ind., 2 : 189-193.

Material exalnilled: 1 ex.; Bijapur; 8.iLI990; R.K. Ghose colI.

Diagnostic characters: Head oval and body laterally compressed. Two distinct spines on each side of head behind tympanum. Dorsal scales large, equal sized, keeled and directed backwards and upwards. A distinctive dorsal crest of lance-shaped scales from nape to above vent in the male. Sand grey above, with a pattern of spots and bard on the back and sides.

Distribution: Indravati Tiger Reserve as mentioned in the material. Wedely distributed throughout the Indian subcontinent and most of SE Asia.

Status: Common.

Remarks: Found in all biotopes from dry desert to thick forests, from the plains to about 2000 m.

5. Psammophilus blanfordanus (Stoliczka) (Rock Lizard)

1871. Charasia blanfordalla Stoliczka, P. Asiat. Soc. Beng., : 194. 1935. PhanllnophUus blanfordanus Smith, Fauna Brit. Ind., 2 :210.

Material exantined: 1 ex.; Bijapur; 2.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose colI.

Diagnostic characters: Dorsal scales slightly larger, keeled and imbricate arranged in 80-100 rows round the midbody; flank with a few scattered and a little larger series of scales.

Distribution: Indravati Tiger Reserve as mentioned in the material. Elsewhere: Bihar, Orissa, Madhya Prade~h, Andhra Pradesh.

Status: Common.

Remarks: It is found only on rocks. In the breeding season the head and fore-parts of the male assume a brilliant red colour. 80 Fauna of Indravati Tiger ReseNe

6. Sitana ponticeriana Cuvier (Fan Throated Lizard)

1844. Sitana pOllticeriana Cuvier, Guerin, Icon. Reg. Anim. Repl., PI. 10, Fig.2.

Material exanlined: 1 ex.; Bijapur; 2.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose coli.

Diagnostic characters: A small lizard easily distinguished by the presence of only four toes as against five toes in all other Agamid lizards. The fan-like thrat appendage in the male is an additional distinguishing character. Brown above, with a series of dark brown, black-edged, rhomboidal spots along the middle of the back.

Distribution: Indravati Tiger Reserve as mentioned in the material. Elsewhere: Widely distributed from Kanyakumari to the foot of the Himalayas.

Status: Common

Renlarks: Inhabits all biotopes except perhaps the heavy rainfall forests and the deserts. A ground-dwelling, diurnal and commonly found in open sandy scrub country.

Family SCINCIDAE

7. Mabuya carinata (Schneider) (Common or Brahminy Skink)

180 I. Scincus carnatus Schneider, Hist. Amphih., 2 : 183. 1890. Mebuia cllrinata boulenger, Fauna Brit. Ind., : 188 1935. Mabuya carinata Smith, Fauna Brit. Ind., 2 : 266-2.68.

Material exanlined: 1 ex.; Kutru; 25.i.1990; R.K. Ghose coli.

Diagnostic characters: Dorsal and lateral scales subequal, with 3 or 5 distinct keels; 32 scales round the middle of the body. Digits moderately long, with obtusely lamellae. A light band from behind the eye to the base of the tail. Upper lip white.

Distribution: Indravati tiger Reserve as mentioned in the material. Elsewhere: Widely distributed in the Indian Peninsula but rare or absent in NW India.

Status: It is one of the commonest and best known Indian skinks.

Remarks: Almost a commensal of man. A diurnal lizard. In the forest it is more often heard than seen as it creeps through and among the litter on the ground. SANY AL: Reptilia 81

8. Mabuya macularia (Blyth) (Little Skink)

J 853. Euprepes Illacularius blyth, J. Asiat. Soc. Beng., 22 : 652. 1935. Mabuya nlacularia Smith,/auna Brit. Ind., 2 : 264-266.

Material exal11ined: I ex.; Kutru; 2.iLI990; R.K. Ohose coli.

Diagnostic characters: Supranasals separated from one another; frontonasal about as long as broad. Temporal s~ales keeled. Dorsal and'lateral scale subequal. Digits moderately long with obtusely keeled lamellae. The general body-colour is brown with or without spots.

Distribution: Indravati Tiger Reserve as mentioned in the materail. Elsewhere: It is widely distributed in forested areas of the Peninsular India.

Status: Common. Renlarks : A diurnal lizard.

Suborder SERPENTES Family COLUBRIDAE

9. Arnphiesma stolata (Linnaeus) (Striped Keelback)

1758. Coluber stolatus Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. 10th Ed. : 379. 1854. Amphiesl1ul sto/atum Dumeril & Bibron, Erp. Gen., 7 : 724.

Material exanzined: 1 ex.; Pilur; 25.i.1990; R.K. Ghose colI.

Diagnostic characters: Nasals not touching the 2nd supralabial, rostral touching 6 shields. Scales in 19 rows, strongly keeled, except the outer row, which is smooth. Eyes large, pupil round, flecked with gold. Colour olivaceous brown of varying intensity. A pair of conspicuous buff striped covering one whole or two half rows of scales front of neck to tip of tail. Some blackish, irregular crossbars on body, olivaceous anteriorly. Head olivaceous brown. Belly white with some small scattered black spots.

Distribution: Indravati Tiger Reserve as mentioned in the material. Elsewhere: In India it is a common snake in the plains and rarer in the hills.

Status : Common.

Renzarks : An inoffensive gentle snake, found in fields, grassy and cultivated areas of open country durring the rainy season. Essentially diurnal. 82 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

10. Xenochrophis piscator (Schneider) (Checkered Keelback)

1799. Hydrus piscator, Schneider, Hist. Amph., 1 : 247. 1968. Xenochrophis piscator Malnate and Milton. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 117 (2) : 19.

Material exanzined: J ex.; Sendra; 2.ii.I990; R.K. ghose coil.

Diagnostic characters: A fairly robust snake with oval head having slit-like nostrils and moderately large eyes. Tail one-third to one-fourth total length. 19 rows of scales at midbody more or .less strangely keeled. Five rows of black spots on an olivaceious back ground, spots varying in size sometimes occupying most of the back. Head olive-brown with two black streaks one below and one behind eye.

Distribution: Indravati Tiger Reserve as mentioned in the material. Elsewhere: Found throughout the Indian suncontinent.

Status: Common.

Remarks: The commonest freshwater snake. It may be seen away from water.

11. Ptyas mucosus (Linnaeus) (Common Rat Snake)

1758. Coluher nlUCOSUS, Linn. Mus. Ad. Fried., 1:37, PI. 23. 1824. Ptyas nzucosus, Gunther, Rept. Brit. Ind., : 249.

Material exalnilled: 1 ex.; Karkeli; 26.i.1990; R.K. Ghose coli.

Diagnostic characters: Scales in 17 rows, the median rows more or less distinctly keeled. Head elongate, eyes large and lustrous. Nostrils large. Neck constricted. Body robust, compressed, tapering towards both ends. Dorsally olivaceous brown, and yellowish-white below, the posterior ventrals and subcaudals edged with black.

Distribution: Indravati Tiger Reserve as mentioned in the material. Elsewhere: Throughout the Indian subcontinent.

Status: Common.

l Remarks: Diurnal ; in populated areas it may not be commonly seen during the day. SANY AL: Reptilia 83

12. Lycodon aulicus (Linnaeus) (Common Wolf Snake)

1754. Coluber aulicus Linn, Mus. Ad. Fried., 1 : 29, PI. 12. 1864. Lycodon aulicus Gunther, Rept. Brit. Ind., : 316.

Material examined: 1 ex.; Bidare; 2.iLI990; R.K. Ghose colI.

Diagnostic characters: 17 scales at midbody, loreal touching internasal, nasal in contact with 1st and 2nd libial. 9 upper labials. A glossy, slender snake with a pear-shaped depressed head. Neck slightly constricted. The body colour is light brown with yellow crossbars on body.

Distribution: Indravati Tiger Reserve as stated in the material. Elsewhere: Found throughout India.

Status: COITImon.

Remarks: It is most often seen near human habitations.

SUMMARY

This paper deals with the little known reptile faunaoflndravati Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh. It is based on a collections made by Indravati Tiger Reserve survey party during January-February 1990 by Dr. R.K. Ghose and party. This collection contains 12 species belonging to 9 genera and 4 families.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The author is thankful to Dr. A.K. Ghose, Director, Zoological Survey of India, for allowing me to work out the collections.

REFERENCES

Sanyal, D. P. & Dasgupta, Gouri, 1990. On a collection of reptiles from Baster District, Madhya Pradesh, Central India. Hamadryad, 15 (1) : 18-20.

Smith, M. A. 1935. The Fauna of British India, VOll' II. Sauria. Taylor and Francis, London.

Smith, M. A. 1943. The Fauna of British India, vol III. Serpentes. Taylor and Francies, London.

Anon. 1993. Fauna of Tiger Reserves: An overview, Edited by the Director, Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta.

Zool. Surv. India Fauna of Conservation Areas No.6: Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve: 85-91, 1995

AVES

INTRODUCTION

The avifauna of the sparsely populated Indravati Tiger Reserve in the Bastar district has been very little known except for some scattered information available through the publications of Abdulali and Ambedkar ( 1966) and Majumdar (1984). However, a list of birds made in course of the Indravati Tiger Reserve survey from field observation and some collection taken in the field from 24 January to 9 February 1990 has been reported in this communication. This contains 92 species and subspecies of birds under 83 genera and 36 families. Systematics etc. have been treated after Ripley (1982), Ali and Ripley (1968-74 and 1983).

Order PELECANIFORMES Family PHALACROCORACIIDAE

Common Name Status

1. Phalacocorax niger (Vicillot) Little Cormorant ScIV

Order CICONIFORMES Family ARDEIDAE

2. Ardeola grayii (Sykes) Pond Heron ScIV 3. BubulcliS ibi.s corol11andus (Boddaert) Cattle Egret ScIV 4. Ardea alba Linnaeus Large Egret Sc IV 5. Egretta garzetta (Linnaeus) Little Egret Sc IV

Family CICONIIDAE

6. Anastomus oseitans (Boddaert) Openbill Stork ScIV

Family THRESKIORNITHIDAE

7. Pseudibis papillosa (Temminck) Black Ibis ScIV

0rder ANSERIFORMES Family ANATIDAE

8. Dendrocygna javanica (Horsfield) Lesser Whisling Teal ScIV 9. Anas acuta Linnaeus Pintail ScIV 10. Anas clypeata Linnaeus Shoveller ScIV

S.S.Saha 86 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Order FALCONIFORMES Family ACCIPITRIDAE

II. Elanus caeruleus vocifer (Latham) Blaekwinged Kite SeN

12. A viceda jerdoni (Blyth) Blyth's Baza SeN

13. Pernis ptilorhyncus (Temminek) Honey Buzzad SeN

14. Milvus nzigralls govinda Sykes Pariah Kite SeN

15. Accipiter badius dussumieri (Temminek) Shikra SeN

Order FALCONIFORMES Family ACCIPITRIDAE

16. Accipiter trivergatus indi.cus (Hodgson) Crested Goshawk Se I

17. Gyps indicus (Scopoli) Longbilled Vulture SeN

18. Circus malalloleucos (Pinnant) Pied Harreir SeN

19. Spilornis cheela (Latham) Crested Serpert Eagle SeN

Family CICONIIDAE

Family PHASIANIDAE

20. Francolinus pondicerianus (Gmelin) Grey Partridge SeIV

21. Perdicula argorndah (Sykes) Roek Bush Quail SeIV

22. Gallus gallus (Linnaeus) Red Jungle foul SeIV

23. Pavo cristatus Linnaeus Peafowl SeN

Family TURNICIDAE

24. Turnix sucitator tigoor (Sykes) Common Bustard Quail Se IV

25. Gallinula choropus indica Blyth Moorhen Se IV

26. Porphyrio porphyrio (Linnaeus) Purple Moorhen SeIV SAHA: Aves 87

Order CHARADRIIFORMES Family JACANIDAE

27. Hydrophasiallus chirurgus (Sespoli) Pheasant-tailed Jaeana Se IV

28. Metopidius indicus (Latham) Bronzwinged Jaeana SeIV

Family CHARADRIIDAE

29. Venellus indicus (Boddaert) Redwattled Lapwing Se IV

30. Tringa ochropus Linnaeus Green Sand piper Se IV

31. Gallinago gallinago gallinago (Linnaeus) Fantailed Snipe SeIV

Order COLUMBIFORMES Family COLUMBIDAE

32. Treron bicineta (Jerdon) Orangebreasled Green Pigeon SeIV 33. Treron phoneicoptera (Latham) Yellowleged Green Pigeon Se IV

34. Col!J.mba pUllicea Blyth Purple Wood Pigeon SeIV

35. Streptopelia orientalis (Latham) Rufous Turtle Dove Se IV

36. Streptopelia decaocto (Frivaldszky) Ring dove Se IV

37. Streptopelia chinensis (Seopoli) Spotted Dove Se IV

Order PSITTACIFORMES Family PSITTACIDAE

38. Psitacula eupatria nipaiensis (Hodgson) Alexandrine Parakeet SeIV 39. Psittacula krameri (Seopoli) Roseringed Parakeet Se IV

40. Psittacula cyanocephala cyanocephala (Linnaeus) Bloossomheaded Parakeet SeIV

Order CUCULIFORMES Family CUCULIDAE

41. Cuculus Inicropterus Gould Indian Cuckoo Se IV

42. Eudynamys scolopacea scolopacea (Linnaeus) Koel SeIV

43. Rhopod)'(es tristis tristis (Lesson) Large Green billed Mlkoha SeIV 88 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

44. Taccocoa leschenaultii Lesson Sirkeer Cuckoo SeIV

45. Centropus sinensis (Stephens) Coueal SeIV

Order STRIGIFORMES

Family STRIGIDAE

46. Otus bakkalnoena Inarathae Tieehurst * Collard Scops Owl Se IV

47. Bubo bubo (Linnaeus) Eagle-Owl SeIV

48. GLaucidiunl radiatunt (Tiekell) Jungle Owlet SeIV

49. Athene brama (Temminek) Spotted Owlet SeIV

50. Strix Leptogrammica Temminek Brown Wood Owl SeIV

Order CAPRIMULGIFORMES

Family CAPRIMULGIDAE

51. CaprimuLgus indicus Latham * Indian Jungle Nightjar SeIV

Order APODIFORMES

Family APODIDAE

52. Cypsiurus parvus (Lichtenstein) Palm Swift SeIV

Family HEMIPROCNIDAE

53. Hemiprocne longipennis coronata (Tiekell) Crested Tree Swift SeIV

Order TROGONIFORMES

Family TROGONIDAE

54. Harpactes Jasiatus (Pennant) Malabar Trogon SeIV

Order CORACIIFORMES

Family ALCEDENIDAE

55. Alcedo atthis (Linnaeus) Common Kingfisher SeIV

* Species collected by ZSI SAHA Aves 89

56. Alcedo nlenilltillg Horsfield Blue-eared Kingfisher Sc IV

57. Halcyon sl11),rnensis (Linnaeus) White breasted Kingfisher Sc IV

Family MEROPIDAE

58. Merops orientalis orientalis Latham Green Bea-eater Sc IV

Family CORACIIDAE

59. Corac;as bellghalensis benghalensis (Linnaeus) Indian Roller Sc IV

Order PICIFORMES Family CAPITONIDAE

60. Megalainla zeylanica (Gmelin) Large Green Barbet Sc IV

61. Megalainul haenlacephala indica (Latham) Blue throated Barbet Sc IV

Order PICIFORMES Family PICIIDAE

62. Dinopiul11 bellghalense benghalense (Linnaeus) Lesser Golden backed Woodpecker Sc IV

63. Pico;des canicapillus (Blyth) Grey crowned Pigmy Woodpecker Sc IV

Order PASSERIFORMES Family ORIOLIDAE

64. Oriolus xanthornus (Linnaeus) Blackheaded Oriole Sc IV

Family DICRUSIDAE

65. Dicrurus leucophaeus Vieillot Grey Drongo Sc IV

66. Dicrurus parlldiseus (Linnaeus) Greater Racket-tailed Drongo Sc IV

Family STURNIDAE

67. Sturnus 111alabaricus malaba'ricus (Gmelin) Grey headed Myna Sc IV

68. Sturnus pllgodaruln (Gmelin) Blackheaded Myna Sc IV

69. Acridotheres tristis (Linnaeus) Common Myna Sc IV 90 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Family CORVIDAE

70. Corvus macrorhynchos culminatus Sykes Jujngle Crow SeIV

71. Corvus splendens Vicillot House Crow SeIV

72. Dendrocitta vegabunda vegabunda (Latham)* Treepie SeIV

Family CAMPIPHAGIDAE

73. Coracina llovaehoLlandiae maccei (Lesson)* Large Cuckoo-Shrike ScIV

74. Pericrocotus cinnamomeus (Linnaeus) Small Minivet SeIV·

Order PASSERIFORMES

Family PYCNONOTIDAE

75. Pycnonotus cafer (Linnaeus)* Redvented Bulbul SeIV

Family MUSCICAPIDAE

76. Turdoides striatus (Dumont)* Jungle Babbler SeIV

77. Muscicapa tickeLLiae tickeLLiae (Blyth)* Tiekell's Blue Flycatcher SeIV

78. Rhipidura aLbicoliis (Vicillot) White throated Fantail Flycatcher SeIV

79. Terpsiphone paradisi (Linnaeus) Paradise Flycatcher ScIV

80. Hypothymis azurea Boddaert* Blacknaped blue flycatcher ScIV

81. Prinia syLvatica syLvatica Jerdon* Jungle Wren-Warbler ScIV

82. Copsychus saularis saularis (Linnaeus)* Magpei-Robin SeIV

83. Copsychus nlalabaricus (Scopli)* Shama ScIV

84. Saxico 10 ides fulicata (Linnaeus) Indian Robin SeIV

85. Zoothera citrina (Latham)* Orangeheaded Ground Thrush SeIV

Family PASIDAE

86. Parus xanthogenys aptonotus (Blyth) Yellow cheeked Tit SeIV SAHA Aves 91

Family MOTACILLIDAE

87. Anthus hodgJoni hodgsoni Richmond Indian Tree Pfpit ScIV

Order PASSERIFORMES

Family MOTACILLIDAE

88. Motacilla cillerea cinerea Tunstali Grey Wagtai I ScIV

Family DICAEDAE

89. Dicaeul1l erythrorhyonchos erythrorhynchos (Latham) Tickell's Flowerpeaker ScIV

Family NECTARINIDAE

90. Nectarillia asiatica asiatica (Latham) Purple Sunbird ScIV

Family PLOCCIDAE

91. Passer donzesticus (Linnaeus) House Sparrow ScIV

92. Petronia xanthocollis xanthocollis (Burton) Yellow throated Sparrow ScIV

REFERENCES

AbduJali, H. and Ambedker, V. C. 1966. Occurrence of the Blackcreasted Baza Avicida leuphotes (Dumont) in Madhya Pradesh. J. Bonlbay nat. Hist. Soc., 62 (3) : 56.

Ali, S. and Ripley, S. D. 1968-1974. Hand book of the birds of India and Pakistan together with those of Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan and Sri Lanka. 10 Vols. Oxford University Press, Bombay.

Ali, S. and Ripley, S. D. 1983. A pictorial guide to the birds of the Indian Subcontinent. Oxford University Press, Delhi and London.

Majumdar, N. 1984. On a collection of birds from Bastar District, Madhya Pradesh. Rec. zool. Surv. India. Occ. Paper No. 59, pp. 1-54.

Ripley, S. D. 1982. A synopsis of the birds of India and Pakistan together with those of Nepal, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. 2nd. ed. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., Bombay.

Zool. Surv. India Fauna of Conservation Areas No.6 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve: 93-107, 1995

MAMMALIA

INTRODUCTION

The mammal lnaterial listed hereunder from the Indravati Tiger Reserve is comprised of38 species belonging to 35 genera and 20 families. The list is mainly based on the local reports, Management Plan of Indravati Tiger Reserve, 1982-83 to 19889-90 (by K. R. Dongaonkar) and some collection made by the Zollogical Survey of India party from 24 January to 9 February 1990. Classification, in general, has been adopted after Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1966) unless otherwise stated. For identification of rodents and other mammals, Blanford (1988-91) and Ellerman (1961) have been followed.

TAXONOMIC ACCOUNT

Order INSECTIVORA

Family SORICIDAE

I. Suncus murinus (Linnaeus) (Common Shrew)

1766. Sorex 111urillllS Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., 12th. ed., 1 : 74. Type locality: Java.

Material exanlined : 4d' 1~; Kutru, Bastar dist., M.P.; 25.i. 1990 to 2. ii. 1990; R. K. Ghose colI.

Measurelnents : d' 1~

H.&B. 102, 116, 116, 117 105 Tl. 60, 62, 70, 95 64 H.F. 18, 19, 20, 28 16 E. II, 15, 15, 19

Weight: 2d' : 25, 30 gms.; I~ : 26 gms. Renlarks : Trapped in the forest camp.

R. K. Ghose 94 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Order CHIROPTERA

Family PTEROPODIDAE

2. Pteropus giganteus (Brunnich) (Indian Flying Fox)

1782. Vespertilio gigantea Brunnich, Dyrelles Historie, I : 45.

Type locality: Bengal, India.

Remarks: Though not collected, this flying fox has been seen both at Kutru and at Bijapur.

3. Rousettus leschenaulti (Desmarest) (Fulvus Fruit Bat)

1820. Pteroplls leschenaulti Desmarest, Encycl. Meth. Mamnl., I : 110

Type locality: Pondicherry, India.

Material: 16; Bijapur, Bastar Dist., M.P.; 5.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose coli.

Measurements:

~ H.&B. 125

Tl. 21

E. 21

Forearm 84

Weight: 85 gnlS.

Remarks: This bat has been observed to be not very common.

4. Cynopterus sphinx Vahl (Short nosed fruit Bat)

1797. Vespertilill sphinx Yahl, Skr. Nat. Selsk, Copenhegen, 4, I : 123.

Type loclllity : Tranquebar, Madras, India.

.. Material eo.rained : 3d .. 42; Kutru" Bastar Dist., M.P.; 17-1S.i.1990; R.K. Ghose colI. l~; BIJapur, Bastar DISl., M.P.; 5.11.1990; R. K. Ghose colI. GHOSE : Mammalia 95

H.&B. 102, 108, 108 98". 107, )07

TJ. 8, 8, 9 9, 9, 14

E. 20. 21. 24 21, 21, 21

Foreann 68, 71. 74 68, 71. 74

Wei~/lt : ) ~ : 52 gins.

Rellll,rk.,' It is a very COlllJnOn species of fruit hal in this Tiger Reserve.

Fan1ily RHINOLOPHIDAE

5. RhilllJ/lJpilllS rOllxi Tenlminck (Horseshoe Bat)

1935. Rhillolopi1l1s rotlxii Ten1Jninck. MOil. Mal1ll1l .• 2 : 30b.

Type /o{l(llity : Pondicherry, India.

Material exailled: 1 d ~ Kutru. BastaI' Dist., M.P.; 27.i. 1990; R.K. Ghose coil. 1d; Bijapur. Bastar Dist., M.P.~ 6.ii. 1990; R.K. Ghose coil.

Measurcments :

2~

H.&h. 56, 56

TI. 24. 28

E. 18, 19

Foreanu 47, 48

Wei~/lt : 1 d' : 10 gIns.

Remarks: This species was caught in luist-net inside the forested area.

Fatnily MEGADERMATIDAE

6. MegadeTllla lyra Geoffroy (Indian False Vaanpire) 96 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

I g 10. Megatienllolyra E. Geoffroy, Anll. Mus. N. H., Paris, 15 : 190.

Type locality: India ('! East coast. Madras).

Material e:({lIllined: I d; Bijapur, BastaI' Dist.. M.P.; 6.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose coil.

Measure/llellts : I~

H.&B. 75

E. 39

Forearm 62

WeiRht : .30 gillS.

Rel1Ulrks : Caught in the mist-net while feeding on a spccilnen of CYllopterus sphinx (Short no~cd Fruit Bal).

Order PRIMATES

7. Macaca I1lulatta (Zinlll1ennan) (Rhesus Macaque)

17XO. Cercopithecus 11111lattll Zinllnennan. Geogr. Gesch. Mensch, 2 : 195.

Type locality: India.

Rel1lllrks : Rhesus nacaques arc con;lllonly seen in the areas where tre~s with fruits areavailable within the Reserve.

8. Presby tis entelllls (Dufresne) (Collllllon Langur)

1797. Sil1lia ('/1Tel/IIS Dufresne, BIlII. SoC, Phi/Olll., Paris, 1,7 : 49.

Type locliliTy : Bengal. India.

Relllllrks : Langurs are seen in the areas where trees with fruits are availahle within the Reserve.

Order CARNIVORA

Fanlily FELIDAE GHOSE Mammalia 97

9. Panthera tigris (Linnaeus) (Tiger)

17Sg. Felis li~ri.\' Linnaeus, Syst. Na.t .. I 06th. cd .. I : 41.

Type loclility : Bengal.

Rel1l11rks : Reported to.be seen near water bodies, nullahs or in ravines;

10. Pantitera pardlls (Linnacus) (Leopard)

175~L Felis pare/us Linnacus, Sysf. Nat .. ) Oth. ed., ) : 41.

Type loclliity : Egypt.

Rellu.,rks : Reported to be found in the Reserve but appears to be a very rare aninlal here. SOlnelinlcs lifts callie rl'0111 forest village.

11 . F eli.\' c"all.~ Guldenstaedt (Jungle Cat)

1776. Felis chfllts Gllldellstaedt, Nov. CUll I. Acad. Petrop., 20 : 483.

Type locality: Tcrek River, north of the Caucasus.

Rel1larks : Reported to he COllllllon throughout the Reserve.

Fanlily VIVERIDAE

12. Parad(}xurlls iterlllapllroditlls (PaJlas)

1777. Viverra "erlllapflroditus Pallas, in Schreher. Saugeth, 3 : 426.

Type 10(.'(llity : '! India.

Material eXlimilled: I d I~: Kutru. Bastar Disl., M.P.; 30.i.1990: R. K. Ghose coil.

MeaSUrC1l1cnts : Id

H.&B. 532 500 98 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

TI. 455 450

H.F 75 73

E. 44 45

Rel1ulrks : Conllnon in the Reserve. P. h. Izenllaprodinls is known to occur in Sri Lanka. and in southern India as far north as Narbada River.

Fatuily HERPESTIDAE

I 3. H erpestes edwardsi (Geoffroy) (Colnlnon Grey Mongoose)

181 X. Ichneul1lol1 edwardsii E. Georfroy. D'dser. Egypte. 2 : 139.

Type [ocality : Madras (Pocock 1933).

Remarks: Grey mongoose was seen both at Kutru and Bijapur. The species is widely distributed in peninsular India.

14. Hyaena hyaena (Linnaeus) (Striped Hyaena)

175~t Callis hyaena Linnaeus. Syst. Nat .. 10th. cd., I : 4.

Type locality: Benna Mountai.ns. Laristan, S. Iran.

Rel11arks : Population of the striped hyaena has been reported to be less in the Reserve. The species has a wide range of distribution throughout India, Russia, Iran and Iraq.

Fmnily CANIDAE

15. Callis allreltS Linnaeus (Asiatic Jackal)

1758. Callis Cllfrelf.\' Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., 10th. ed., I : 40.

Type loclilify : Province of Lar. Persia.

Rel1111rks : Asiatic Jackal has heen reported to occur everywhere in the Reserve and preys n1ainly on hares and other sinall-sized 111aI11111als. GHOSE Mammalia 99

16. Vulpes bengalells;s (Shaw) (Indian Fox)

1X()O. Cllllis /Jellgalellsis Shaw. Gell. Zool .. I, 2 : 330

Type locality: Bengal.

Rel1larks : The species ot:t:urs throughout India. One specimen was seen near Kutru in the Reservc.

17. CUlJll alpillus ( Pallas) (lndian Wild Dog)

181 I Cllllis alpillus Pallas, Zoogr. UOSS. Asiat.. I : 34.

Type locality: Ncar Udskoi OSlrong, Anlurland.

Remarks: The suhspet:ies CIIOII alpinus dllkl1llllellsis Sykes which occurs soulh of the Ganga river in India, has heen reported to he found in the Irulravati Tiger Reserv(; also.

Falnily URSIDAE

18. Melllrslls llrs;llus (Shaw) (Slolh Bear)

179 I. Bradyplls IlrS;llllS Shaw. Nat. Misc .. 2 (unpaged), Pis. 58-59.

Type locality: Patna. Bihar.

Remarks: Reported frUITI SOITIe plat:cs of this Tiger Reserve. but appears to be t:olTIparalively rarc.

Fatnily MUSTELIDAE

19. MeliivlJra capellsi.~ i"d;ca (Kerr) (Ratel)

1776. Urs/l.\' illdicllS Kerr. Allinl. Killgd.. p. I X8.

Type localilY : India.

Remarks: Reported to ot:t:ur in the Reserve, but the population appears to be very thin. 100 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Order ARTIODACTYLA

Fanlily BOVIDAE

20. Boseiaphlls t,.agocalneills (Pallas) ()

1766. Ant/ope tr(l~oc(llllelus Pallas, Misc. Zoll., 5.

Type locality: Peninsular India.

Retllllrks : Nilgai is found throughout the Reserve, but tnore COllllnon in its western part. Reports of poaching for its 1l1eat are occasionally receive(:i.

21. Telracerus qlladricorllis (Blainville) (Chousingha)

1816. Cerophorlls (Cervicapra) qlllldric'orlli.\' Blainville, Bull. Soc. Plzi/t)fIJ, Paris, 75 and 78.

Type locality: Peninsular India.

Renlllrks " Seen in snutll nunlhers in forested parts adjoining nullahs or other water sources.

22. Bos gallr"s (H. Stnith) (Indian Bison)

) X27. Bos Gallrlls H. SIHith. Griffith's Clivier Allini. King., 4 : 399.

Type locality: Mainrat (23°N. 83°E). Sarguja Trihutary·States, India.

Rel111lrks : The species is known to occur in forest areas in Peninsular India. south to Travancore and in the north froln Nepal Terai tp Assanl and then through Burnla to Malaya States. Small herds are reporled to Ol:Cllr in the Indravati Tiger Reserve.

23. Buballls bllbalis (Linnaeus) .(Wild Buffalo)

175X. Bos hllhalis Linnaeus. Syst. NlIt. I Olh. ed .. I : 72.

Type loclliity : RotHe, haly (description based on a donlestic aninulI).

Remarks: Previously a nunlber ofWiid Buffalos were present in this Tiger Reserve. At present GHOSE Mammalia 101 small populations arc restrictcd to such ilrcas as Pilur (=Pilloor). Pengonda etc. Z.S.I. party has noticed a herd of ahouttwelvc individuals at Pilur.

24. Anti/ope cervicapra (Linnaeus) (Black Buck)

175X. Capra cen'icapra Linnaeus. Syst. Nat .. 10th. cd., I : 69.

Type loclility : Inland or Trivandrunl. India.

Relllllrks : The Black Buck is reported to occur in this Tiger Reserve, but the population appears to he very rare due to local poaching.

Fmnily CERVIDAE

25. Cervlls llnicolor Kerr (Smnhar)

t 792. eerl'lIS axis /tllicolor Kerr. Anim. Killgd.. 300.

Type locality: Sri Lanka.

Relliarks : Sanlbar is still present in the Reserve. but very rarely seen.

26. Axis axis (Erxleben) (Spolled Deer)

1777. CcrvlIs axis Erxlehen, Syst. Re~1l. Anilll .. p. 3) 2

Type loclliity : Bank of the Ganga river, India.

Renlorks : Spotted Deer are scarcely seen at many places of the Reserve. Z.S.1. party has noticed it in pair ncar Kutru and Pilur.

27. MlIlltiaclls 1111llltjak (Zirnmerman) (Barking Deer)

17XO. CcrvlIs IIIlfll(;ak Zinll11ennan. Geogr. Gesch., 2 : 131.

Type locality: Java.

Remarks: Barking Deer arc COllllllonly seen every where within the Reserve. Z.S.I. party has seen one anirnal at Kulru. 102 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Fmnily TRAGULIDAE

28. T,.agllius I1lelllilllla (Erxleben)

1777. MoschllS 111l'lIlilllla Erxlehen, Sy ...,·t. Regn. Allinl., Maul/H., p.322.

Type loclilify : Sri Lanka.

Remarks: Z.S.1. party has scen one specinlcn among the fallen logs in the forest ahout 4 Ion. west ofBijapur. In India. the species occurs as far north as Orissa, southern Bihar and northern Madhya Pradesh.

Fanlily SUIDAE

2lJ. Sus scrofa cristatlls (Wagner) (Indian Wild Boar)

1X~lJ. Sus criSTaTIiS Wagner. Mllnch. Gelehrt. AIlZ., 9 : 435.

j\pl' loclIlity : Prohahly the Malahar Coast. India.

Remorks : Wild Boar is cOlnmonly secn in lnany places in the Reserve. Z.S.I. party observed onc individual on KUlru-Pilur Road.

Order LAGOMORPHA

Fanlily LEPORIDAE

30. Lepus Iligriollis F. Cuvier (Black naped hare)

) g23. Lepus /1i~ricollis F. Cuvier. Diet. Sci. Nat .. 26 : 307.

Type locality: Madras, India.

Material ('xlIl1lilled: I d; Kutru, Bastar Dist., M.P.; 25.i. 1990; R.K. Ghose coil.

M ellSII rellll'111s :

H.&B. 445

.Tt. 95 H.F. 105 E. 88 GHOSE Mammalia 103

Relllarks : A (';01111110n spedes throughout the Tiger Reserve.

Order RODENTIA

Fan1ily SCIURIDAE

31. Petaurista petallrista (Pallas) (Colll.llon Giant Flying Squirrel)

1766. Sciurlts petaltrista Pallas. Misc. Zoo/., p.54.

Type locality: Western Java.

Materia/ examined: 4 Q : Kutru. Bastar Disl., M.P.; 27.i. 1990 to 2.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose colI.

M easuremellts :

4 Q

H.&B. 340, 360, 380, 390

TI. 400, 405, 410, 414

H.F. 70, 72. 72, 73

E. 40, ~, 42, 45

Remarks: A (';0lnn1on spedes of nUll11mai in the Reserve. Tickell ( 1842. CalCUtTll J.N.H., 2 : 401 ) descrihed a spedes Petlluristll oral frolll Sinabhum district. This was ultilllately n1erged with P. peTaurisT(l by Ellcnnan and Morrison-Scott (1966). However, the Jnaterial collected froln Kutru reslnble more with P. ora/than with P. petallristll. Further study Illay prove P. oral to be a valid spe(.;ies.

32. Ratllfa indica (Erxleben) (Indian Giant Squirrel)

1777. Sciurlts indica Erxleben, Syst. Regll. Anini., p. 420.

Type loclliity : Maharashtra, India.

Rellulrks : Ohserved in l11any places during the day tilllC where trees with fruits arc available. 104 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserv~

33. FlInal1.bllllls pellnaltti Wroughton (Fivcstriped Palin Squrrel)

1905. F""1I111bulus pellnanti Wroughton, J. Bonl,baY!lat. Hist. Soc., 16 (3) : 411.

Typo/! loclIlity : Mandvi Taluka. Sural. India.

Remarks: COlllnl()nly seen near human habitation. Two specilnens of this species were seen in the Forest Rest House cmnpus at Kutru.

34. Ftll'lllllbulus pallnarltl11 Linnaeus (Threestriped Palnl Squirrel)

1766. Sciuru.\' pllllllllrtlln Linnaeus. Syst. Nat., 12th. cd., 1 : 86.

Type locality: Madras, India.

Material e.rtlJlliIlCd: I c!; Bijapur, Bastar district M.P.; 5.iL1990; R. K. Ghose coil.

Measureillellts :

H&B. 130

TI. 110

H.F. 34

E. 13

Weight: 75 gIns.

Renlarks : COllllnon every where.

Fanlily MURIDAE

35. Rattus blanfordi (Thomas) (Whiletailcd Wood Rat)

I ~81 Mus bltll~l()rdi Tholllas. Alln. Mag. N. H. t 7 : 24.

Type loclility : Kadapa, Madras India. GHOSE Mammalia 105

Material e.rlllllilled : 3d' 2 2; Kutru, Bastar Dist., M.P.; 26.i.1990 to 2.ii.1990; R.K. Ghose ,coil. 2d'; Bijapur. Bastar DisL.. M.P.; 5.ii.1990; R. K. Ghose call.

Measurements: 5d 2~

H.&B. 170, 175, 176, 180, 185. 160, 170

TI. 182. 190. 210, 215, 220. 188, 198

H.C 35. 35, 35. 35, 37, 32. 37

E. 26, 27, 27. 27, 28, 27. 28

Weigh': 2d' : 130,135 gIns.; I ~: 102 gnl.

Remarks: Appears to be a COl1lnlOn rat in the Reserve.

36. Rattus rattlls (Linnaeus) (House Rat)

1758. Mus rallltS Linnaeus. Syst. Nat., 10th. ed .. I : 6) .

Type locality: Sweden.

Material eXlIl1zil1ed : 4d': Kutru, Bastar Dist, M.P.; 29-30.i. 1990; R.K. Ghose call. I d': Bijapur. Bastar Disl., M.P.; 6.ii. 1990; R.K. Ghost! coil.

MeaSlfrelllellts: 4d

H.&B. 152, 152. 152, 180

Tl. 190. 205. 207, 220

H.F. 32, 33, 33. 33

E. 21, 22. 23, 24

Weight: 4d' : 100, ) 05. I 10. 145 gms.

Relllarks : House rats are very COl1l1non where hunlan habitation is there. Infact it is cosmopolitan in distribution.

37. Mils booduga (Grey) (Indian Field Mouse)

1837. Leggadll booduga Grey, ChariesH'ort/t.\' Mag. N.H .. I : 586. 106 Fauna of Indravati Tiger Reserve

Type locality: Southern Marhatta country, India.

Material eXlinlined: 1e! I ~~ Bijapur, Bastar Dist., M.P.; 9.iLI990; R.K. Ghose coil.

Measurel1wuts : Ie! I~ H.&B. 76 73

TI. 60 58

H.F: 15 13

E. 12 12

Weight: 1e! 1 Q : 5 gms.

RellUlrks : Widely distributed throughout India.

38. Mils nUlSclIlllS urbanus Linnaeus (House Mouse)

1845. Mils II rball 11.\' Hodgson, Ann. Mag. N. H., i 5 : 269.

Type locality: KatrTIandu, Nepal.

Material eX{lIllined: 1 ~; Kutru. Baslar Dist., M.P. 29.i. 1990; R.K. Ghose colI.

Measurenll~llts : I~

H.&B. 62

TI. 58 +

H.F. 14

E. 11.5

Weight: I Q : 5 gms.

Renlllrks : It is a COITIITIOn House Mouse of India and mostly found in the human habitation (indoor type). GHOSE : Mammalia 107

REFERENCES

Dongaonkar, K. R. Management plan for Indravati Tiger Reserve, M. P. 1982-83 to 1989-90. M. P. Forest Dept. (Mimeo.).

Ellcnnan, 1. R. 1961 (issued 1963). The fauna of India including Pakistan, Burma and Ceylon. Mamlnaliu, 3 (Rodentia). Govt. of India, Delhi.

Ellerman, 1. R. and Morrison-Scott, T. C. S. 1966. Checklist ofPalaearctic and Indian Mammals. Brit. Mus. (N.H.), London.

Blanford, W. T. 1888-) 891. Fauna of British India, Mammalia. Taylor and Francis, London.