thesis booklet spring 2013

Maria-Thérèse Kazantzidou Practice based research studio KTH School of Architecture content

Introduction...... 3

Scenario...... 5

Formulating a problem...... 6

Vision/Aim...... 7-8

Background...... 9-20

* Fish population * Trends in fish consumption * Organic food * Food and health * Consumption of fish products * Fish Auction: Swedish fisheries in brief From the sea to your plate The fish at the auction

Site...... 21-22

Program...... 23-24

Focus/Method...... 25

References...... 26

Time schedule...... 27-28

Sources...... 29-30

2 introduction

” is ’s biggest city and surrounded by fishery. Yet it is almost impossible to get hold of fresh locally caught fish in Stockholm.“

Chris Heister, Governor *landshövding*

3 4 scenario formulating a problem

The fish that, after all, are available for Transport to auctions takes time, is costly purchase may be up to a week old because and can also impair the quality of the fish it must first round-trip to Gothenburg to before reaching the consumer. be sold at auction. This is also where the processing industries mainly are found. Transportation costs are often too large in relation to the income it receive from the The County Board has for two years been sale of the catch. In order to get more running the project Stockholm Fish Market money and increase profitability the east to investigate the feasibility of a physical coast nead their own fishmarket. marketplace in Stockholm for locally caught stockholm fresh fish.

2 x 500 km

$$$ gothenburg

5 6 vision/aim

To create a centrally located fishmarket branding for the citizens of Stockholm, tourists, stockholm restaurant and business owners. Both retail and wholesale.

Stockholm is a city on water and should profile itself more as one. a healthy and affordable A fishmarket would not only give the citizens of Stockholm a healthy, and choice affordable food alternative, it would also help preserv the small-scale fish-industry on the east coast, helping the fishermen to make a better profit on their catch since transportation to fish auctions on the west coast no longer would be necessary. This a fair deal would also mean a significant sustainable improvment for the fishindustry in Sweden. $$$

An information and education-center would give an opportubity to reach out to the general public with information concerning the current fish stock in Sweden and the a sustainable Stockholm region in specific. deal

stockholm fishmarket

7 8 = background | fish population

Many of the fish species that are caught in the Stockholm region are well known fish for everyday consumption. The small- scale fishery from the region could both be flexible and sustainable. The fishing The images on the next two pages illustrates continues largely during the cold seasons, fisheries today among the fishermen that Using “nethorse”, ropes are drawn under the have shown most interest to participate and ice when the nets are deployed. deliver fish to Stockholm Fishmarket.

9 10 Spring & Summer fishing Autumn & Winter fishing

stack shortened to fit page

11 12 background | trends in fish consumption background | organic food

The future consumption of fish products For a longer period of time there has been a is affected by a variety of factors and higher demand for organically produced food conditions. Some of them are possible to and environmentally friendly manufactured forecast, others are hard to predict. products. The range of organic and sustainable products have therefor increased Listed below are a number of trends which seem and the sustainable way of thinking has also to be a consensus that they will continue affected products that does not fulfill the to affect food consumption over a number of requirements to be called organic or be eco- years. labelled. If we look at the food trends that exist today, we find an European consumer who During recent years, the number of eco- wants good healthy and environmentally sound labelled goods on the store shelves has food that can be cooked quickly. The product increased. Many sources state a clear market should be low price and available all year growth for organic food. Despite this, the round, an equation not easily solved. share of organic products remains on just over two percent of purchased food in Sweden Main trends: between 2003 and 2006. In the wake of all the alarms that the world’s oceans are becoming * Increased market for organic food depleted, interest in different markings of * Healthy food in focus fish has escalated. Eco-labeling and origin- * Increased demand for processed fish labeling are the two major categories. products that are easy to cook * Environmentally conscious consumers Furthermore, major supermarket chains that due to the risk of depleted stocks place greater demands on traceability choose not to eat fish and environmental friendliness of their * Price-sensitive consumers who choose suppliers. On the Swedish market there are cheaper alternatives, such as chicken now three different ecolabels for fishery * Consumers who opt out of fish because products: Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) it’s difficult and complicated to cook which is the biggest, KRAV and Naturland. Besides this, some Swedish fishermen try to introduce NärFiskat as a concept.

13 14 background | organic food background | consumption of fish products

An increased awareness of where and how the The consumption of fresh fish has reduced fish are caught, and that the consumer hence while the consumption of processed products can set higher demands, may give small-scale together with seafood and molluscs has fisheries the opportunity to compete in the increased. Furthermore, one can see that market. the consumption of high price-species such as seafood, are increasing, while low price-species, such as herring and sprat, decreases. This applies not only on Swedish consumption, but also throughout Europe. background | food and health Price trends for fish, based on the consumer In the wake of increasing obesity and an price index, has been greater than for other increase in lifestyle diseases such as foods. This is particularly evident in the cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes, 2000s. A study on price sensitivity, carried there’s an increased focus on healthy food. out by the Department of Agriculture, showed Consumers want clean products without that increase in fish price led to consumers preservatives and additives and with good in some extent selected to consume meat nutritional values​​. products instead. The study also shows that Swedish consumers has become more sensitive This health trend is positive for the fish for price changes on food during the last sales since fish and seafood are considered decades. There is also a trend that Swedish healthy food, high-quality protein and households are spending less time on cooking. healthy fats. The products we buy should be quick and easy to prepare.

Fish have, perhaps undeservedly, earned the reputation of being difficult and complicated cooked food which is why many consumers are reluctant to try to cook fish. Changing consumer attitudes towards cooking fish and improved product innovation are some of the future challenges for the fish processing industry.

15 16 fish auction | swedish fisheries in brief

The Swedish fishing conditions vary includes a wide variety of species greatly along the long coastline. From the including cod, shark, eel and salmon. opportunity to fish among a hundred species of fish in the North Sea, there is up in The three main fisheries in Sweden is by: the Gulf of Bothnia, only about 15 species. cod, herring / herring, as well as shrimp Commercially speaking, there is over 20 and lobster. species of interest for the market.

Today, around 1500 boats have a license to carry out commercial fishing and over 1800 from the sea to your plate people have commercial fishing licenses. The total number of fishermen is more, because Many fishing boats choose to land their everyone working on the boat do not need to fish in their home port and then transport be licensed. The average size of a trawler in it overland to the auction. In the larger the Swedish commercial fishing is according districts (Varberg, Rönnäng and Öckerö) fish to data from 2000, approximately 14 meters. are collected from the different boats to co- It is classified as small-scale fisheries, transported to the fish auction. The number if the boat is up to 12 meters. This fishing of boats landing directly in Gothenburg accounts for 40% of the fleet. harbor is in the current situation only a few. Fishing can be roughly divided into three groups according to the kind of fishing The fish is gutted and iced already on operations: board. When the fisherman approaching the dock or the truck approaching the auction * Pelagic fish (caught by trawl / note) they call for service that will be in place as herring and mackerel when the fish enters. This is important for maintaining the uninterrupted cold chain * Demersal species (caught by trawl) as required to ensure the quality. The fisherman flatfish and shrimp leaves the full box with fish and gets clean crates from the box laundry and more ice, if * Other fisheries (passive gear such as desired, after which he can go out and fish nets, cage, longlines, etc.) that again.

17 18 After the sale at Gothenburg Fish Auction, merchants. The fish is sold by means of a the fish directly continues to wholesalers computer system where EAN codes used to label and fishmongers for further processing in the drawers. Auction crier then use a hand cold room of the respective purchasers, many scanner that sends sales data directly to a located down in the fishing harbor. The next sales center in the auction hall. When the step is to distribute the fish to stores, buyer leave the auction with their boxes he restaurants, schools, etc. Some fish will checks their purchases toward the purchase also be sent for export. report to get the right number of boxes with them. This system also ensures that the correct designation of origin accompanies the purchased fish for origin. the fish at the auction Most commercial species have a “minimum- At the Gothenburg Fish Auction there comes price guarantee” which is controlled by the fish from around the country, both sweet and producer organization and the EU. In the salty. The main product is gutted, whole fish current situation it is estimated that the on ice. Some species are sold uncleaned. The industry generates a first hand value of 1 auction also sell fish eggs, some fillets and billion Swedish kronor. shellfish. The fish are taken and registered during the night before the auction starts at seven o’clock in the morning.

Imported species such as Norwegian salmon, pangasius, hoki, tuna and other non-native species encountered in the retail sector is not handled through the fish auction but are imported directly from wholesalers for redistribution. Also herring that comes in in very large quantities will go directly to the factories for pickling, etc.

Anyone who buys fish at the auction must be registered as a buyer in the auction billing system. Individuals can not buy directly from the auction, but must go through fish

19 20 site

The site should preferably have a connection to the Baltic Sea. Not only to facilitate the transportation of the fish, it also strengthen the program. Central plots that are taken under consideration are:

* Galärvarvet at north-west of Djurgården

* Nybrokajen/Blasieholmen

* Skeppsbron

* The north-east part of Skeppsholmen

baltic sea

21 22 program

The general program for the fishmarket will Mainbuilding consist of:

* Mainbuilding to manage fish auctions Auction hall incl. sales center as well as sales to the general Loading dock public. Wholesale+Retail Box laundry room Process facilities These two could at some points be separate Staff room parts depending on the location of the Office fishmarket. The general public part could WC for example be a mobile part that could Refridgerated storage room leave the mainbuilding and dock at a more Storage public central location.

* Fish restaurant Fish restaurant

* Information and education center Kitchen Parts that could be added to the program Dining hall could also be: Bar Staff room * Processing industry, eg. smokehouse, Office marination. Storage Outdoor seating * Oyster bar

Information center

The program will be further developed during the course of the work and Conference/Lecture room after input from experts in the Office field. Information/exhibition area WC Aquarium 23 24 method references

Analysis Overall analysis of plot, the * Tsukiji fish market - Tokyo location of the building-s, program, functions, movement, * Pike Place fish market - Seattle, WA organisation, context, materiality etc. * Feskekörka - Gothenburg

Interviews An aim is to conduct * Östermalms saluhall - Stockholm interviews with Henrik Andersson, County fishadviser *Länsfiskekonsulent*, County Administration of Stockholm and a special adviser with insight in the fishindustry, especially connected to the fishauctions.

Concept Concept generation in accordance with the analysis and the interviews

Design Sketches, models, pictures, collage, diagrams and other tools necessary that might be presented during the course of the project.

Presentation A graphic and clearly communicating layout. Posters and digital presentation.

I will put extra focus on materiality, tactility and the tectonics.

25 26 timeschedule

israel studio study trip

jan feb mar w2 w3 w4 w5 w6 w7 w8 w9 w10 w11

references site analysis design production layout diploma program location model midreview

apr may w12 w13 w14 w15 w16 w17 w18 w19 w20 w21

design production layout buffer model final seminar

jury mailing 27 28 literature & sources

* Fiskeriverket, mars 2010 * European Commission - Fisheries Småskaligt kustfiske hhttp://ec.europa.eu/fisheries/index_ Government commission to describe the sv.htm small-scale coastal fisheries in Sweden and suggest how this fishery can be * Coalition Portal for ocean and strengthened marine research www.fiskeriverket.se http://www.havet.nu

* Sveriges Radio, Gotlandsnytt * MSC-labeling of fish http://sverigesradio.se/sida/artikel.asp http://www.msc.org x?programid=94&artikel=5353427 * International Council for the * Information on Swedish fish with recipes Exploration of the Sea: fisheries www.svenskfisk.se research and current counseling http://www.ices.dk * Swedish Fishermen’s Federation www.yrkesfiskarna.se * Information on sport fishing http://www.sportfiskarna.se * Information on ecolabelling of fish * Livsmedels Sverige: current information www.krav.se about the food sector http://www.livsmedelssverige.org * Fishing Industry Federation www.fiskbranschen.se * Gothenburg Fish Auctions www.gfa.se * World-wide database of up to 30,000 fish species * Administrative Board www.fishbase.org Article: “Nappar du på idén om en fiskmarknad i Stockholm? * Livsmedelsverket: dietary recommendations, nutrition, allergies, * Centerpartiet. environmental toxins, hygiene, Swedish Article: “Skärgårdslandstingsrådet trade names, etc. kräver lösning för det småskaliga fisket www.slv.se i sommar” 29 30