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Application to Formalize the Lovo Nature Reserve As a Buffer Zone for the World Heritage Site Royal Domain of Drottningholm

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Application to Formalize the Lovo Nature Reserve As a Buffer Zone for the World Heritage Site Royal Domain of Drottningholm Application to formalize the Lovo nature reserve as a buffer zone for the World Heritage Site Royal Domain of Drottningholm Contents Chapter 1 Area of the property Chapter 2 Description of the modification Chapter 3 Justification for the modification Chapter 4 Contribution to the maintenance of the Outstanding Universal Value Chapter 5 Implications for legal protection Chapter 6 Implications for management arrangements Chapter 7 Maps and other appendices Chapter 1 Area of the property A) The area and location of the World Heritage Site. (Source: Periodic Reporting 2nd Cycle) Area: 164 hectares land Location: The World Heritage Site is located on the island of Lovö, approximately 10 kilometres west of central Stockholm B) The proposed area, characteristics and location of the buffer zone. (Source: Lovö nature reserve Decision 17/03/2014) Area: 3,228 hectares, of which 2,090 hectares land Natural geographical region: Region 24, Svealand rift valley area with clay flat land valleys and lake streams Cultural geographical region: Prehistoric central settlement area built with high cultivated land over the plains of Svealand. Location: The reserve includes the islands of Lovön, Kärsön, Fågelön and the surrounding islands and islets and is located approximately 10 kilometres west of central Stockholm. 1 Chapter 2 Description of the modification The World Heritage Site Drottningholm lacks a UNESCO-established buffer zone, therefore one needs to be defined as soon as possible. The perimeter of proposed buffer zone coincides with the area, which following a decision by the Stockholm County Administrative Board in March 2014, is a nature reserve pursuant to Chapter 7 of the Swedish Environmental Code (1998:808) (MB). The purpose described in the decision: The purpose of the nature reserve is to preserve a large area of countryside close to urban areas that has great cultural value. The area’s landscape, rich natural environments, value to outdoor recreation and historically linked agricultural land shall be especially protected and maintained. The protection of the area shall also contribute to achieving a favourable preservation status for the flora and fauna that are identified in the area, in accordance with the EU Habitat Directive. Additionally, the boundaries of the nature reserve are based on their history of ownership and cultural value, which are common to the World Heritage Site. In the SOUV for Drottningholm that was established in October 2016, the area is described as: The surrounding area has been part of the Crown Estate since the 16th century. The character of the landscape is a result of the way it has been used and farmed to support the Crown’s need of supplies and to uphold the King’s household. This continuous use and the way it is and has been managed over the years is still visible in the landscape. Chapter 3 Justification for the modification The geographical demarcation of Lovö nature reserve and the strong legal protection afforded by a nature reserve in Sweden makes the Lovö nature reserve a suitable choice of buffer zone. The entire area encompassed by the nature reserve is needed as a buffer zone in order to act as full protection for the World Heritage Site. The geographical demarcation of the reserve includes the islands of Lovön, Kärsön, Fågelön and the surrounding islands and islets, however does not include the World Heritage Site. The outer boundary is marked with a yellow-red line on the map. The landscape reflects the connection between the palace grounds and lower estates from a comprehensive culturally historical perspective. There are rich traces of how over a long period, the 2 landscape has been used for grazing and agriculture, which secured the palace’s provisions; ground that through successive acquisition has been in royal ownership since the middle of the 16th century. The central location of the World Heritage Site in the nature reserve means that the nature reserve can form a buffer zone for the site. In a previous proposal, the area of national interest for the cultural environment of Lovö (AB 30) was considered to be a suitable buffer zone. Areas of national interest are marked with a red dashed line on the map. Current proposal, Lovö nature reserve has several advantages. In addition to being a stronger protection, the nature reserve protects the World Heritage Site in its entirety, compared to an area of national interest that only protects part of the World Heritage Site, as the boundaries to the east are very close to each other. Chapter 4 Contribution to the maintenance of the Outstanding Universal Value In the SOUV for Drottningholm established in October 2016, the following modifications to the infrastructure upon Requirements for protection and management (2012). Prior to the modifications, two Heritage Impact Assessments (HIA) have been conducted – HIA I (2012) and HIA II (2016). All those involved are working to limit the negative impacts the modifications may have on the value of World Heritage Site. The formalization of the buffer zone is a part of this work. In connection with Periodic Reporting Cycle 2, the surrounding landscape was identified as being something that should be included in SOUV to provide a better overall understanding, which was done. The surroundings are a cultural landscape where the structure of the land usage carries traces of long continuity with historical settlements, soil variety, ownership boundaries and production systems. Structures that tie to the foremost attributes of the World Heritage Site: Drottningholm Palace, The Chinese Pavilion, palace theatre, the three park areas and Drottningholmsmalmen. The purpose of the nature reserve is to preserve a large area of countryside close to urban areas, that has great cultural value. The area’s landscape, rich natural environments, value to outdoor recreation and historically linked agricultural land shall be especially protected and maintained. The purpose is in line with the drafting in SOUV regarding the integrity and 3 authenticity of the World Heritage Site and therefore contributes to strengthening these values. Chapter 5 Implications for legal protection The nature reserve is protected by Chapter 7 of the Swedish Environmental Code (1998:808) (MB). The provisions in the Environmental Code aim to: promote sustainable development which will assure a healthy and sound environment for present and future generations. Such development will be based on recognition of the fact that nature is worthy of protection and that our right to modify and exploit nature carries with it a responsibility for wise management of natural resources. The Environmental Code shall be implemented so “valuable natural and cultural environments are protected and preserved” (Swedish Environmental Code, Chapter 1, Section 1). The nature reserve is in accordance with the Environmental Code, Chapter 7, Section 4: A land or water area may be declared a nature reserve by a county administrative board or a municipality for the purpose of preserving biological diversity, protecting and preserving valuable natural environments or satisfying the need of areas for outdoor recreation. Any area that is needed for the purpose of protecting, restoring or establishing valuable natural environments or habitats for species that are worthy of preservation may also be designated a nature reserve. The Swedish Government has the comprehensive responsibility for legislation, and the land of a nature reserve is owned by the State. The Stockholm County Administrative Board oversees that the regulations concerning the Lovö nature reserve are followed and represents the State in matters of legal protection and the operative supervision. Applications for any modifications within the reserve are made to the County Administrative Board, who will assess these against the purpose and directions for the establishment of the reserve. A nature reserve may exist for several reasons. It may be to protect a valuable natural environment and protect threatened species, or safeguard an area attractive for outdoor recreation. At the same time it may also be for the restoration or long-term maintenance of 4 valuable natural and cultural environments – which is the case for Lovö nature reserve. The reserve includes a combination of protection and care. In the work to establish the Lovö nature reserve, specialists in both cultural and national environments participated, as the cultural environment perspective is prominent. With support from Chapter 7 of the Environmental Code, directions are stated to meet the purpose of the reserve. The regulations for the reserve also include rules of conduct and shall contribute to active maintenance and usage, not just protection. Therefore, they are not “solely” preservation regulations; they serve a further purpose. This can be compared with the SOUV, where the authenticity of the World Heritage Site is described as: The primary guidelines for this property focus on conservation and not restoration, and to maintain the original forms, the original materials, and the designed landscape. Within the perimeter of Lovön, there are properties that are owned or leased for several purposes and that are not included in the reserve and its provisions. These areas are marked in white on the map. Any changes to these properties are included in the provisions stated in the Swedish Planning and Building Act (2010:900) (PBL) and are therefore not deemed to affect the OUV. The Planning and Building Act regulates the planning of how land and water is used and responsibility lies with the municipality. There are agreements in place for the leased land with the National Property Board Sweden and Office of the Governor that regulate which modifications are permitted. The properties marked in white are also part of the national interest for cultural environment, meaning that through the county administrative board, the State superintends municipal decisions. A new detailed development plan for Drottningholmsmalmen was established in October 2015. This area is marked on the map in grey.
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