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Карантин Растений PLANT Health

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Карантин Растений PLANT Health Федеральная служба по ветеринарному и Фитосанитарному надзору (россельхознадзор) ФГБУ «всероссийский центр карантина растений» (ФГБУ «ВНИИКР») карантин растений наука и практика СЕНТЯБРЬ|1| 2012 русско-английский журнал Сергей Данкверт: «внИИкр – мозговой центр по карантИну И защИте раСтенИй» стр. 4 «СочащИйСя рак» убыткИ в 4,6 мИллИарДа Долларов! стр. 27 ИнновацИИ – оСнова уСпешного развИтИя научной И проИзвоДСтвенной базы карантИна раСтенИй стр. 15 Sergey A. DAnkvert: «All-ruSSiAn PlAnt QuArAntine Center (FgBu vniikr) iS A leADing reSeArCh inStitution within the SyStem oF roSSelkhoznADzor’S CenterS» page 5 “BleeDing CAnker” $ 4.6 Billion oF eStimAteD damAge! page 34 innovAtionS AS the BASiS For SucceSSFul DeveloPment oF PlAnt QuArAntine reSeArCh AnD PractiCe Capacity page 21 RUSSIan-EnGLISH JOURnal PLANT HEaltH RESEARCH anD PRACTICE SEPTEMBER|1| 2012 Federal Service For veterinary and PhytoSanitary Surveillance (rosselkhoznadzor) 1 all-russian Plant quarantine center СОДЕРЖАНИЕ CONTENT «карантин растений. наука и практика» предисловие Foreword двуязычный научный журнал №1 (1) 2012 г. Сергей Данкверт: «ВНИИКР – мозговой Sergey A. Dankvert: «All-Russian Plant центр Национальной организации Quarantine Center (FGBU VNIIKR) по карантину и защите растений РФ» is a leading research institution within the system of Rosselkhoznadzor» учредитель: надыкта В.Д. – академик Шероколава н.а. – заместитель 4 ООО «Успех-Медиа», РаСХН, директор директора ФГБУ «ВНИИКР» 5 выпускается по заказу Всероссийского НИИ i. прошлое и настоящее i. PaSt and Future биологической защиты Федерального государственного реДакция: карантинной науки oF the quarantine Science бюджетного учреждения растений Волкова е.М., заведующая «Всероссийский центр лабораторией сорных растений У. Ш. Магомедов U. Sh. Magomedov «Quarantine science: карантина растений» павлюшин В.а. – академик «Карантинная наука – от ЦКЛ до ВНИИКР» from CQL to VNIIKR» РаСХН, директор главный редактор: Всероссийского НИИ Волков о.г., начальник отдела У.Ш. Магомедов, кандидат защиты растений фитосанитарной биологии 6 9 сельскохозяйственных наук, Интервью с Генеральным Interview with EPPO’s Director- директор ФГБУ «ВНИИКР» санин с.с. – академик РаСХН, кулинич о.а., доктор директором ЕОКЗР Рингольдсом General Ringolds Arnitis «EPPO – директор Всероссийского НИИ биологических наук, арнитисом «ЕОКЗР – Россельхознадзор: Rosselkhoznadzor: Progressive Шеф-редактор: фитопатологии начальник отдела лесного прогрессивное взаимодействие» Interaction» Светлана Зиновьева, карантина помощник директора рингольдс арнитис – 12 13 ФГБУ «ВНИИКР» Генеральный директор ЕОКЗР (Франция) приходько Ю.н., кандидат по связям с общественностью биологических наук, начальник У. Ш. Магомедов, Н.а. Шероколава Ulluby Sh. Magomedov, Natalia A. Sherokolava и СМИ «Инновации – основа успешного «Innovations as the Basis for Successful Ханну кукконен – директор отдела диагностики развития научной и производственной Development of Plant Quarantine Research подразделения Выпускающие редакторы: базы карантина растений» and Practice Capacity» фитосанитарного надзора, скрипка о.В., заведующая Ольга Лесных EVIRA (Финляндия) Юлия Трофимова лабораторией микологии 15 21 Юлиана Бададгулова сагитов а.о. – Генеральный горшкова о.н., начальник II. новые потенциальные II. new PeStS oF Potential e-mail: [email protected] директор ТОО «Казахский НИИ отдела внешних связей карантинные вредные орГанизмы quarantine SigniFicance защиты и карантина растений» редакционная коллегия (переводчик) журнала «карантин растений. И.Н. александров, Е.Н. арбузова Igor N. Aleksandrov, Elena N. Arbuzova сорока с.В. – директор РУП «Новый патоген декоративных и древесных «New Pathogen of Ornamental and Tree наука и практика»: «Институт защиты растений» Маткава л.р., специалист культур Phytophthora kernoviae» Crops Phytophthora kernoviae» НаН Республики Беларусь отдела внешних связей исаев а.а. – начальник (переводчик) Управления фитосанитарного Джалилов Ф.с. – доктор 27 34 надзора и качества зерна биологических наук, Дизайн и верстка: О.Г. Волков, Ю.В. Смирнов, Т.К. Коваленко Oleg G. Volkov, Yuri V. Smirnov, профессор, заведующий Олеся Михайлина «Картофельная коровка: Tatiana K. Kovalenko гниненко М.Ю. – заместитель лабораторией защиты растений ее вредоносность и биологический «The 28-spotted Potato Ladybird, a Hazardous начальника Управления МСХа им. К.а.Тимирязева контроль» Potato Pest, and Its Biological Control» фитосанитарного надзора корректоры: и качества зерна абасов М.М. – заместитель Екатерина Левшенкова директора ФГБУ «ВНИИКР», Татьяна артемьева 41 45 Долженко В.и. – академик доктор биологических наук III. научные исследования III. reSearch StudieS РаСХН, академик-секретарь Менеджер по подписке в области карантина растений in Plant quarantine отделения защиты Мазурин е.с. – заместитель и дистрибуции: и биотехнологии растений директора ФГБУ «ВНИИКР», алексей Липатов В.Н. Жимерикин, С.В. Копченова V. N. Zhimerikin, S. V. Kopchenova РаСХН кандидат биологических наук +7 (925) 357 20 61 «Карантинный статус азиатской «The Status of the Cotton Leafworm, хлопковой совки в Приморье» Spodoptera litura (Fabr.) in Primorye» учредитель: ООО «Успех-Медиа», выпускается по заказу Федерального государственного бюджетного учреждения «Всероссийский центр карантина растений» (ФГБУ «ВНИИКР») 49 52 издатель: ООО «Успех-МЕДИа» (105122, г. Москва, Щелковское шоссе, д. 13, оф. 402) Н.а. Квашнина адрес редакции: 105122, г. Москва, Щелковское шоссе, д. 13, оф. 402 «Бактериальный ожог плодовых деревьев» типография: ЗаО «Группа-Море», г. Москва, Хохловский переулок, д. 7-9, тел. (495) 917-42-28 Тираж 999 экземпляров. Бесплатно. 2 56 3 FOREWORD преДислоВие A paramount objective of national importance facing Федеральная служба по ветеринарному и фитосани- Rosselkhoznadzor is maintenance of the country’s biological тарному надзору, будучи Национальной организацией security. In its turn, a chief direction in this sphere is по карантину и защите растений Российской Федера- preventing the spread of the most hazardous quarantine ции, своей основной задачей считает обеспечение клю- organisms in Russia – plant pests, diseases and seeds of weed чевых аспектов биологической, пищевой и продоволь- plants. The nation’s food security, agricultural productivity and ственной безопасности страны. Одним из важнейших preservation of forest resources greatly depend on how well we направлений в этом отношении является комплекс мер manage this work. по недопущению распространения на территории Рос- Back in 1930s, Nikolay Ivanovich Vavilov, member of the сии особо опасных карантинных вредных насекомых, Academy of Sciences, wrote: “Broad introduction of new plants фитопатогенных организмов и семян сорных растений. and varieties should come hand in hand with establishment of От того, насколько успешно мы можем организовать эту plant quarantine. Setting up a quarantine inspection comprises работу, во многом зависит эффективность всего аграр- an integral part of introducing new plants… Importing plants ного производства страны, а также сохранность лесных from abroad should be centralized and under stringent угодий. supervision”. This particular state function of key importance академик Николай Иванович Вавилов в известной is assigned to Rosselkhoznadzor. работе «Ботанико-географические основы селекции» The times we work in are complex. Over the last two в 1930-х годах писал: «Развертывание широкой интро- decades, Russia has rapidly expanded the area where plant дукции новых растений и сортов должно идти одновре- products are imported from, now covering all the continents менно с созданием карантина растений. Организация except Antarctica. Large volumes of imported plant products карантинной инспекции составляет непременную со- and transition to market economy have introduced a drastic ставную часть интродукции растений… Ввоз растений change to the whole system of biological threats and risks. из-за границы должен быть централизован и строго We shouldn’t forget about the level of responsibility resting контролируем». with us regarding the fact that nowadays we have given a start Мы работаем в непростое время: в последнее двадца- to revitalizing the agrarian sector of the Russian economy and тилетие Россия стремительно расширила ареал закупок acquiring food independence. растительной продукции, который теперь охватывает все континенты, за исключением антарктиды. Значи- The All-Russian Plant Quarantine Center, widely known тельные объемы поступающей импортной продукции, by the acronym VNIIKR, occupies a special position within переход от централизованного планирования и госу- the system of Rosselkhoznadzor’s institutions dealing with дарственной монополии на внешнюю торговлю к ры- the biological security issues. This institution is both the ночной экономике коренным образом изменил систему central Russian plant quarantine and protection laboratory противодействия биологическим рискам. supervising a powerful network of regional branches and Если сравнить прошлое карантина растений и насто- laboratories and a research center of international significance. ящее, становится очевидным, что работа по противо- We have managed to preserve and, what is more, to multiply стоянию угрозам, которые несут карантинные вредные the scientific potential, to create an up-to-date system of организмы, проводится сегодня не только в условиях maintaining biological security in plant production. The best резко возросшего диверсифицированного импорта, но evidence of our taking the right track is the first issue of the и в тот исторически
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