One People The Ancient Glory of the African Race All rights Reserved Copyright 1984 ISBN 0-9630951-1-0
The Karnak Company www.karnaksociety.com [email protected]
If you want ONE PEOPLE, THE ANCIENT GLORY OF THE AFRICAN RACE in book form send 10 dollars to The Karnak Society at 8744 S. Euclid, Chicago, Illinois 60617. Donations are welcomed as well. Volume II is not in paper print.
i Forward One People was written as a result of the encouragement of many. There are many history books written by Black authors foremost to One People in many aspects. However, in the writing of One People we tried to make One People unique in two ways – the inclusion of primary sources and a general survey of Black history from prehistoric times up to the Ethiopian/Egyptian era. We wanted to tell the story of our people in simple language and explore the areas of our history often ignored, prehistory and the Atlantian epoch. Unfortunately, our prehistory and the prehistory of the world have been left to others. Those others have stated that humanity, the black humanity in particular, has a common ancestry with apes. That may or may not be true. However, based upon their evolutionary theory, humanity has a common ancestry with grass, rabbits, wolves, pigs, worms, birds, and so on. If all life on planet Earth evolved from related single cell life forms, then all present-day life forms on this planet are related at some point on the evolutionary time-line and have a common ancestry – from the elephant to the amoeba. So why was and is there such an infatuation with apes and people having common ancestry? Don’t people, according to evolutionists, have a common ancestry with shrimps? The answer is yes. However, the practical answer is no. ii If people developed from a common ancestry with shrimps, that common ancestry would be so remote in the annual of global time that the answer, for rationally, must be no. So when it is stated here that people and apes do not have a common ancestry, we are talking about not in the recent global age – the last 2 billion years. A book was once published call the Stolen Legacy, written by George GM James. It was a very popular book for students of ancient Black history. However, the book title is misleading because our legacy as a people, for the most part, was preserved by Greeks and near Greeks, for it was they who recorded and preserved much of our known ancient past for posterity. It is for the likes of Diodorus, Herodotus, and Strabo that we know about the ancient Egyptians, Ethiopians, the very ancient Atlantians, and many more. In composing this book, the first printing, perhaps we were too harsh on the Neanderthals. We have since come to believe the Neanderthals were not subhuman in any sense to the Cro- Magnon or modern people – just another beautiful element of humanity that had become well adapted to the environment in which they lived. However, we will not alter the original text – it must stand or fall on its own merit. The original book was printed without pictures or illustrations. However, in this second printing a photo journal section was included iii because the physical proof of our contribution to human civilization has been scattered throughout the distant corners of the world in such a clever way that most Black people will never see the physical artifacts our ancestors left behind for us and others. Seeing them, seeing what has not been destroyed in a vast sea of destruction, is crucial in sealing our faith in who we were and who we are today. However, we cannot live in the yesterday. We study our history for wisdom and insight to help us survive today and into our many tomorrows. Our survival does not rest in the past though it comes from our past, for each generation is vested with the obligation to pass on water to the next generation. And we can only hope that the water we pass on is pure and our very own, May our past be our guide in the present and in our future.
TJ Greer
iv CONTENTS
The Garden of Eden…1
Lucy and the First Family…3
The Hominids…7
The Procreation…13
Atlantis…23
Queen Myrina and the Amazons…30
The Children of the Sun…35
Osiris and Isis…39
Menes and the Unification of Egypt…44
Imhotep…46
King Khufu and the Great Pyramid…48
Semiramis the Great…51
King Pepi II and Harkhuf…60
Moses and the Hyksos…62
Queen Hatshepsut and the Puntites…65
Akhnaton…68
Queen Makeda and King Solomon…72
Ethiopians as Masters of Egypt…75
Queen Tomyris and the Massagetae…81
Queen Candace and the Ethiopian Stand against the Romans…85
Illustrations page 89 -
1 THE GARDEN OF EDEN If the Garden of Eden existed in antiquity, it had to have existed in black Africa. Racist white scholars try very hard to put the biblical Garden of Eden in the Middle East, away from Africa. However, evidence from the Bible indicates otherwise. King James says the following on the location of Eden: And the Lord God planted a garden eastward in Eden; and there He put the man whom he had formed…And a river went out of Eden to water the garden, and from thence it was parted, and became into four heads. The name of the First is Pison; that is it which compasseth the whole land of Havilah where there is gold. And the gold of that land is good; there is bdellium and the onyx stone. And the name of the second river is the Gihon: the same is it that compasseth the whole land of Ethiopia. And the name of the third is Hidekel: That is it which goeth toward the east of Assyria. And the fourth river is Euphrates. According to Josephus, an ancient Jewish historian, the above was written by Moses after he departed from Egypt with a large population of Jews. And Moses describes the Nile River which reaches into the heart of black Africa – for only the Nile River matches the geographical clues given by Moses. The four rivers mentioned by Moses are the Pison, Gihon, Hidekel, and the Euphrates. The Nile River is really four massive rivers which travel along the paths and directions 2 described by Moses. The modern names for these rivers are the Bahr al Arab (Pison) which flows to the west of southern Sudan or ancient Havilah. The second river mentioned is the White Nile (Gihon) which flows through ancient Ethiopian and Egypt. The third river is the Blue Nile (Hidekel). And the fourth river named is the Sobat (Euphrates) which points to the north of modern Kenya. According to Josephus, who lived around two thousand years ago, the original name of the Euphrates in the Middle East was the Phoras, and the “…Geon [Gihon] which flows through Egypt, means ‘that which wells up to us from the opposite word,’ and by Greeks is called the Nile.” (p.21) The clues given by Moses put the biblical Garden of Eden in East Africa in or near the modern country of Uganda. This means that if the Garden of Eden existed, it existed in black Africa and was populated by a black Adam and a black Eve; they gave birth to our global humanity. It is highly unlikely that any other race of people gave birth to the black humanity, but highly likely that our race gave birth to the other major races of humanity. Therefore, if Adam and Eve existed in Eden, they had to be black-skinned Africans.
Josephus, JEWISH ANTIQUITIES VOL. IV, 1978 3. LUCY AND THE FIRST FAMILY On November 30, 1974, Donald Johanson made the greatest archaeological discovery in the history of humanity in the Afar region of Ethiopia. He discovered forty percent of the bones of an erect-walking human ancestor that lived between 3.5 to 4.0 million years ago. The bones were those of a woman that stood about three and a half feet tall and weighed around sixty pounds. From the neck down her skeletal structure was almost identical to that of modern-day people. Her head was a little different from today’s humanity, but still very much human-like. The name given to this prehistoric woman by Johanson was Lucy, and Lucy died at the age of twenty-eight from an unfortunate mishap or illness. Lucy was slim, muscular, and a fully bipedal hominid. In the area she was discovered the remains of thirteen other hominids very similar to Lucy were also discovered in a region called Hadar. These hominids were given the name of Australopithecus afarensis. And they stood up to five feet tall, all being slim and muscular in shape. The cranial capacity of the afarensis ranged from 380 to 450 cubic centimeters. In chimpanzees, the cranial capacity ranges from 300 to 400 cc. In modern people the average cranial capacity is about 1300 cc. However, the afarensis was of a diminutive size compared to modern
4 humans and, naturally, would have had a somewhat smaller cranial capacity than us taller, heavier, and wider people of today. Helen E. Fisher says on the afarensis hominids in her most remarkable book, THE SEX CONTRACT: Lucy and the First Family are the first to appear after the missing link. And they lived in groups. At Hadar thirteen individuals had lived together. Together they had traveled through the open woodlands that dominated the Afar triangle 3 million years ago. Together they had come to the flood plain to hunt for turtle eggs and together they had died of some unknown cause. The tracks Mary Leaky found at Laetoli could have been those of a bonded pair who, followed by the adolescent offspring, were roaming across the savannah at the beginning of the rainy season. So by almost 4 million years ago, males and females had learned to cooperate, to live together, to share their food, and to bond. Undoubtedly a complex array of emotions had evolved to tie individuals to one another. These ties would define who’s who.” (p.123) The discovery of the afarensis hominids is unquestionable proof that the human race is old, very old. And since they developed in Africa and were upright walking in the continent about four million years ago, it is logical to assume that there 5 were prehistoric black-skinned Africans living in Africa from time immemorial. Johanson and Edey say on the afarensis. “They flourished from about four million years ago to about three million years ago. During that time they underwent little or no evolutionary change.” (p.297) What is remarkable about Lucy and the other afarensis hominids is that from the neck down their skeletal structure was almost identical to that of modern man in Africa. The only difference between modern man and the afarensis is that the afarensis had a smaller head structure than that of today’s humanity. This is supported by a news article written by Paul Raeburn of the Associated Press which says on Lucy: Lucy’s skeleton and other fossil remains of Australopithecus afarensis clearly demonstrate that the creature was a fully upright walker, although stronger and faster than a modern human. Lovejoy says, “Explain to her what a hamburger was and she’d beat you to the nearest McDonald’s nine out of 10.” Lovejoy says. Racist white historians and anthropologists try very hard to dehumanize the afarensis hominids to conceal the fact that ancient Africans walked the earth four million years ago. They say that these hominids died off around three million years ago and draw fictitious pictures of the 6 afarensis which make them look like awkward upright walking chimpanzees. However, the evidence discovered indicates that they were very human because the skeletons left behind of them show a strong affinity with the modern human race, not apes. In a very shrewd way, racist white historians and anthropologists are trying to say that the African humanity is a direct descendant of an ape- like humanity despite the solid evidence indicating otherwise. The scanty evidence uncovered from which others have proposed their grandiose theories indicated that the afarensis hominids looked very much like modern pygmies in equatorial Africa. They were a furless, dark brown, and smooth- skinned race of people. They were slim, shapely, and strong with woolly hair decorating their heads to protect themselves from the scorching rays of the hot African sun. They had full lips and a flared nose like the pygmy of today. They lived in large groups and were mainly vegetarians that moved about the bountiful land in search of wild nuts, seeds, legumes, fruits, and vegetables for sustenance while protecting themselves from the carnivorous animals roaming about.
Donald Johanson and Maitland Edey, LUCY, THE BEGINNINGS OF HUMANKIND, 1981.
Helen E, Fisher, THE SEX CONTRACT, 1982.
The Guardian, “Jawbone Makes New History,” April 6, 1982.
The Stars and Stripes. “Exactly How Primitive Was Lucy,” June 26, 1983 7 THE HOMONIDS The African humanity is very diverse, and the great diversity among the many peoples of the black continent goes back for thousands upon thousands of years. The African continent has given birth to a people which stands as tall as seven feet. It has also produced a people which stands under five feet tall. Some of Africa’s native are as black as coal while others are tawny in skin color. Some of them have long and slim bodies while others have short and robust bodies. Yet, they are all sons and daughters of Africa and the human race. This great diversity among African people goes back to several million years ago and can be traced up to our modern era. The hominids walked in Africa more than a million years ago were the Australopithecus africanus, Australopithecus Robustus, Homo habilis, and Homo erectus. These four groups were prehistoric members of the human race and gave birth to the original members of the modern human race. They shared the continent of Africa side by side, and they slowly developed into the great races of humanity from which all the very late races of humanity eventually evolved from which our human Diaspora has swept the surface of the earth. AFRICANUS The africanus hominids are known to live in South Africa, Ethiopia, and Kenya between two to seven million years ago. They stood from three 8 and a half to four feet tall and weighed from 40 to 70 pounds. Their body structure was very similar to that of modern Africans. They had elongated limbs and well-developed foreheads, and their brain size ranged from 428 to 485 cc. They were graceful and sexually amorous hominids that lived in the jungle near plentiful lakes and rivers. Their diet consisted of nuts, fruits, insects, and sometimes small animals and fish. UNESCO states on their remarkable state of longevity, “There teeth are late in cutting and this, together with the thickness of enamel, signifies adaptation to a longer adolescence and to a longer life altogether.” (p.408) ROBUSTUS The Robustus hominids are known to have lived in South Africa, Ethiopia. and Kenya from one to several million years ago. They stood from four to five feet tall and weighed from 80 to 150 pounds. They were very muscular and powerfully built hominids. The Robustus hominids were not as adapted to walking as the africanus hominids were, but were still completely bipedal. They had a slight ridge in the center of their skull with an average cranial capacity of 530 cc. They lived in the savannah of Africa. They subsisted mainly on legumes and vegetables that wildly grew above and below the soil and drank water from lakes and rivers. Because they lived in open areas, they
9 were more hostile and had a less amorous culture than that of the africanus. HOMO HABILIS The habilis hominids are known to have lived in East Africa from 1.5 to 2.5 million years ago. They stood from five to five and a half feet tall. They were slim in build and had elongated limbs, Their cranial capacity ranged from 700 to 800 cc. They lived in the plains and jungles of East Africa and subsisted on fruits, vegetables, fish, and meats. They moved around a lot and were the great hunters of the continent. HOMO ERECTUS The erectus hominids are known to have lived in South Africa, Kenya, and Ethiopia from one half to two and a half million years ago. They stood from five and a half to six feet tall, and their bodies were very similar to many modern Africans of equal height. Their diet consisted of seeds, grains, vegetables, and meat. They had a cranial capacity that ranged from 800 to 1300 cc. They lived in the mountain regions of Africa. The racist white theory being taught concerning human evolution in the schools and universities of the Western world is that black people developed directly from the ape family and that the mentally and physically superior white
10 race somehow mysteriously appeared in Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. However, black people did not evolve from apes nor more than the ancient hominids had an ape-like appearance. When white anthropologists have pictures drawn of the prehistoric hominids these hominids are made to look like bipedal chimpanzees. However, not one ounce of evidence has been uncovered which indicates that the ancient hominids had a physical affinity with apes. In fact, the scanty evidence which has been found indicates that they had a strong physical affinity with modern humans. Since modern Africans of the original races are basically hairless, it is logical to assume that the ancient hominids were hairless. They had to be smooth- skinned and furless because humans or near humans need to be furless in order to sweat and to manufacture the crucial vitamin D from the rays of the sun. They were just as erect-walking as we are today, and most of them had long graceful limbs – an indication of physical superiority by the same racist white anthropologists who have gone through considerable effort to dehumanize the ancient hominids, and, indeed, contemporary black people. In modern humans, cranial capacities range from 1000 to 1800 cc. The ancient hominids had small cranial capacities which ranged from 380 to 1300 cc. However, large brain sizes and 11 cardiovascular systems in humans are biological adaptations to eating meat over plant food. Furthermore, brain sizes have absolutely nothing to do with intelligence. If that were the case, a sign of intelligence for a modern person would be to have a very large head. The ancient hominids were prehistoric humans very similar to black humans of today that walked in the jungles and the plains of Africa for more than seven million years, which makes the black African humanity a race of considerable antiquity. For seven million years, and most likely more, the members of the black African race shared this world alone as our God given paradise. An example of prehistoric culture can be gleaned from the work of Diodorus of Sicily which mentions the Hylophagi and Spermatophagi Ethiopians that probably lived in the same manner as our very old prehistoric ancestors. Diodorus says the following on the aforesaid people: …These people are the Hylophagi and the Spermatophagi, as they are called. The latter gather the fruit as it falls in great abundance from trees in the summer season and so find their nourishment without labour, but during the rest of the year they subsist upon the most tender part of the plant which grows in the shady glens: this plant being naturally stiff and having a stem like the bounais, as we call it, supplies the lack of necessary food. 12
UNESCO, A GENERAL HISTORY OF AFRICA, Volume 1, 1981.
Donald Johanson and Maitland Edey, LUCY, THE BEGINNINGS OF HUMANKIND, 1981.
Helen E. Fisher, THE SEX CONRACT, 1982.
Diodorus of Sicily, THE LIBRARY OF HISTORY, Volume 11, 1979.
13 THE PROCREATION The current white theory on evolution indirectly says that black Africans developed from ape-like creatures, and these ape-like creatures migrated to Europe and developed into the superior Homo sapiens – a white-skinned, blond- haired, and blue-eyed race that is said to have mysteriously appeared in Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. However, black Africans did not evolve from apes no more than the giraffe has developed from the horse. Black Africans have been walking around on this planet as members of the human race for quite a few million years. Adrian Coates once wisely wrote, “The apes are not ancestral to humanity, and are possibly more remote from us on the genealogical tree than the more primitive gibbons.” (p.57) The reason many white anthropologists insist on saying that the ancient hominids looked like apes are to insult the black humanity by saying that we are closer to the apes than whites are and to put whites at the top of the human genealogical tree. However, the evidence concerning this matter indicates that the afarensis, africanus, Robustus, habilis, and erectus hominids were superior to contemporary whites in bodily shape by the same physical standards for judging such set up by racist anthropologists. Our ancestors of early prehistory had silky skin, long and graceful limbs, curvaceous shapes,
14 and were slim in build. They were very swift- footed. Their beautiful skin colors were yellowish-brown, ruby, dark-brown, and coal black. They lived in a beautiful paradise – Africa. Even though some of them ate meat at times, they were basically herbivores, living chiefly off fruits and vegetables. They moved about the land in large extended families, were of an amorous sexual culture, and they were very long-lived. The theory here is that the ancient hominids did not die out and were members of one race in the like manner as the many diverse breeds of dogs are of one race. The modern contemporaries of the ancient hominids are the Pygmy, Bushman, Ethiopian, Dravidian, and Nilotic humanities of Africa. The afarensis evolved into the pygmy. The Africanus evolved into the Bushman. The Robustus evolved in the Ethiopian (negro). The habilis evolved into the Dravidian. And the erectus evolved in the Nilotic. They Pygmy is very short, shapely, muscular, dark-brown in complexion, and has woolly hair. The slanted-eyed Bushman is slim, graceful, yellowish-brown in color, and has peppercorn hair. The Ethiopian is robust in build, light brown to black in complexion, and has woolly hair. The Dravidian is tall, slim, black in color, and has long silky black hair. The Nilotic is extremely tall, from reddish-brown to black in complexion, and has long woolly black hair. 15 These are the original races of Africa, and through intraracial mixing they produced a splendid array of other silky-skinned, long-limbed, and woolly haired people to share the beautiful continent of Africa with. Around a million years ago the Homo erectus hominids started migrating from Africa into Europe and Asia. It is a puzzle as to why they left Africa. Perhaps they freely left through natural migration, or did the fierce habilis hominids oust many of them from Asia? In any event, the erectus hominids began populating Europe and Asia around a million years ago. And the frosty climate of Europe and Asia slowly changed the black Homo erectus into a new element of prehistoric humanity known as the Neanderthal-Caucasoid humanity. This humanity thrived in Europe and Asia from 200,000 to 25,000 years ago, and small pockets of them are believed to still exist in very remote areas of Asia today by several eminent white anthropologists. The Neanderthal stood between five and five and a half feet tall. They had an extremely large head with a long beaky nose. They were of a plumpish build and heavily covered with reddish- brown bodily hair. Due to the wintry climate they lived in, the Neanderthals were mainly flesh eater. They lived in caves and covered themselves with animal fur to protect themselves from the punishing cold. The act of turning to cannibalism 16 or plundering weaker neighbors in order to survive during times of food scarcity was not uncommon. Life for the Neanderthals was very harsh and brutal. In southern Asia a different group of Neanderthals developed because of the milder climate and a more vegetarian diet. These southern Asiatic Neanderthals had considerably less bodily hair, a round nose, and slimmer in build when compared to the northern Neanderthals [now called Denisovans]. And these two groups of Neanderthals were mainly the parent races of today’s white Europeans and yellow-skinned Asiatics. White anthropologists try to dissociate Neanderthals from white people’s origin because the Neanderthals were at the very bottom of the human genealogical tree in terms of physical development. However, the Neanderthal hominids were a most important parent race of today’s white Europeans. The other parent race of white Europeans were black Africans that migrated into Europe in large numbers from 50,000 to 25,000 years ago, and these blacks that moved into Europe interracially mixed with the Neanderthals and the two races amalgamated into contemporary white Europeans. From 50,000 to 25,000 years ago Africa was hit with a disease which bleached the skin of many Africans white and caused genetic albinism 17 for those who had fallen victim to the disease. Africans, whose skin had turned white and hair blond, were forced to leave Africa by those with a natural immunity to the disease. The ousted Africans moved into Europe across the Straits of Gibraltar and into the Middle East and Asia across the Suez of Egypt and Aden of Arabia. The Africans that left were Nilotics, Dravidians, Bushmen, and Pygmies. The majority of the Africans that marched into Europe were Nilotics while the majority of the Africans that marched into Asia were Dravidians, Bushmen, and Pygmies. The Middle East and India were heavily populated by the Dravidian and Bushman humanity. And because much of southern Asia was already populated by southern Asiatic Neanderthals and black-skinned Africans who had moved into the beautiful area by natural migration, the incoming bleached Africans and native bleached Asiatics were forced to move into northern Asia, the home of the northern Asiatic Neanderthals that were very similar to the European Neanderthals. The Nilotics and Dravidians that marched into Europe and Asia have been shrewdly called the Cro-Magnon people. The Bushmen, which have done likewise, have been shrewdly called the Grimaldi in order to cover up the fact that black Africans were responsible for the genesis of modern white people. When the bleached 18 Africans marched into Europe, they found the area populated by hairy and light-skinned Neanderthals. And because the Africans were physically superior and had a more advanced culture than the Neanderthals, they dominated and interracially mixed with them and produced the white-skinned, blond-haired, and blue-eyed white race that we know today. Likewise, the bleached Dravidians and Bushmen that marched into northern Asia interracially mixed with the northern Asiatic Neanderthals and produced the yellow-skinned Orientals of the north while the unbleached Dravidians, Bushmen, and Pygmies of southern Asia interracially mixed with the southern Asiatic Neanderthals and produced the Orientals of the south along with the other races of color that can now be found in Asia. Thus, strongly coming to the conclusion that black Africans and Neanderthals procreated every other major race on the face of the earth from 50,000 to 25,000 years ago. In 1899 William Z. Ripely wrote, “The original Cro-Magnon race was extremely dolichocephalic; as long headed in fact, as the modern Negroes or the Australians.” (p.175) This is important because the aboriginals of Australia and Tasmania migrated across the immense ocean to these lands from 50,000 to 25,000 years ago through natural migration attest to the fact that 19 black Africans called the Cro-Magnons and Grimaldi had crossed the surface of our world far from Africa and procreated our global humanity. Franz Boas, editor of a general anthropology book printed in 1938, states on the Cro-Magnon: The best known type of late Paleolithic man in Europe, and apparently the dominate people of this period, is known as Cro-Magnon. The men are tall, in some cases over six feet, and of a powerful frame. The cranium is high, capacious, and dolichocephalic in form but the face is short and broad, presenting rather unusual proportions. The forehead is vertical, the cheek wide, the chin prominent, the jaws of othognathous type, and nose narrow. Forearm and shin are long in comparison to upper arm and thigh, recalling proportions in tall Negroid types… (p.81) The provocative Michael Bradley states in THE ICEMAN INHERITANCE: The modern men who came into Eurasia at the close of Wurm I, during the Gottweig Interstadial came from the south. There is no reason why some of these men should not have strongly Negroid characteristics, but there would have been no reason for any of them to have been stocky and squat. Coming from the warmer south, these men too would have reflected Allen’s Rule. In general, all of them should have been taller
20 and thinner than the Neanderthals…I suggest that the range of body types in Europe can be easily explained by the degree to which these newcomers interbred with Neanderthals…(p.103) Adrian Coates stated in Prelude to History: In one of the Grimaldi caves, named La Grotte des Enfants…They are short, with relatively long extremities, and have large, high and very long heads, well developed foreheads with no supercillary torus, broad, flat noses, projecting jaws and very large teeth. According to some authorities they are negroids, and resemble the modern Bushman and Hottentot peoples. Franz Boas states: Other Negroid features are observable in the relatively long legs and in the great length of forearm and shin in comparison to arm and thigh. An especial physical resemblance to the south African Bushman type, noted cultural confirmation from certain similarities to Bushman art in the realistic, incised rock drawings of animals made soap stones and ivory dating from this period represent peculiarities of Bushmen women and thus lend additional support to the idea of racial kinship. (p.79) A.C. Haddon wrote in 1924: It is generally admitted that the…men who inaugurated the Paleolithic culture in Western 21 Europe came through Spain from North Africa. The Combe Capelle was one of these types, the ‘negroid Grimaldi another…(p.35) Americana says: What appears to be an ancient type of this Mediterranean strain, in which the head is long and narrow with a high cranial vault, the face narrow, and the nose small and moderately broad, the skin dark, and the hair wavy or curly, is the dominate type among the Dravidian-speaking peoples of southern India. (866) A.C. Haddon wrote in 1924: “The racial history of France is to a long extent an epitome of that of Europe. All the prehistoric races coming from Africa have spread over more or less of the country…” Lastly, Boas wrote in 1938: “There is strong reason to believe that the Cro-Magnon people did not ‘die out,’ but gradually intermingled with other stocks.” (p.81)
Franz Boas, GENERAL ANTHROPOLOGY, 1938.
Michael Bradely, THE ICEMAN INHERITANCE, 1978.
Adrian Coates, PRELUDE TO HISTORY, 1957.
Encyclopedia Americana, “India,” 1983
Encyclopedia Americana, “Australia,” 1979.
A.C. Haddon, THE RACES OF MAN AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION, 1924.
William Z. Ripely, THE RACES OF EUROPE, 1899.
J.A. ROGERS, SEX AND RACE, VOLUME I, 1967.
22
NOTE – the advent of DNA has proven the theory presented in the above chapter to be overwhelmingly correct and agreed upon by all men of science, both black and white.
23 ATLANTIS Going back to almost the very dawn of human time, the Sahara was the beautiful home of most members of the African humanity for a very long time. The Sahara was a green paradise populated by the many diverse members of the African humanity with a great diversity of cultures. The Sahara was not always the great desert that it is today. It was once a tropical paradise. Basil Davidson says on the once green Sahara: Eight thousand years ago, while vestiges of the Ice Age chilled Europe, the Sahara we know today as an empty arid desert was a fertile region whose flowing rivers and grassy valleys teemed with fish and wild animals. During the next 6,000 years in this inviting land, waves of migrants developed a series of increasingly advanced societies, which they recorded in a collection of remarkably beautiful scenes and carved and painted on native rock – the most complete record of early African civilization and Stone Age life to be found anywhere. (p. 430) They black-skinned Africans that lived in the Sahara and along the coast of North Africa were of a great diversity of cultures. This blessed land was home to the Nilotics, Dravidians, Bushmen, Ethiopians, and Pygmies. Some of them lived in grass huts while others lived in large homes made from sunbaked bricks. Some of them walked around completely naked while others 24 adorned themselves with fine clothes and jewelry. Some of them lived in large city-states while others lived in small tribes. Agriculture, which is of considerable antiquity in Africa, was practiced by many well organized tribes while others simply moved about and lived off the plushness of the bountiful land and off the harvest from plentiful rivers and lakes. Many were amorous by nature while others adhered to a strict culture of matrimonial monogamy. However, all of them were sun worshipers. And thousands upon thousands of years they lived this way until the great Sahara slowly began turning into a great desert that forced many of them to migrate to other regions of Africa. Around 25,000 years ago black people from the Sahara founded the most legendary civilization of antiquity on the shore of North Africa, ATLANTIS. According to Diodorus, the greatest white historian of antiquity, the ancient Egyptians related to the Greeks the legend and the location of Atlantis. Renowned white historians and powerful white universities have covered up this information in order to keep secret the true greatness of the African humanity. Diodorus says the following in the LIBRARY OF HISTORY, VOLUME II: Atlantis, the most civilized men among the inhabitants of those regions, who dwelt in a prosperous country and possessed great cities; 25 it was among them, we are told that mythology places the birth of the gods, in the regions which lie along the shore of the ocean, in this respect agreeing with those among the Greeks who relate legends. (p.253) Now the Atlantians, dwelling as they do in the regions on the edge of the ocean and inhabiting a fertile territory, are reputed far to excel their neighbours in reverence towards the gods and the humanity they showed in their dealings with strangers, and the gods, they say, were born among them. And their account, they maintain, is in agreement with that of the most renowned of the Greek poet…(p.263) According to Diodorus, the ancient Egyptians related that a man called Uranus became the king of many tribes, and he organized the tribe into a nation. For this nation of people he had constructed for his subjects a great walled city, Atlantis. Diodorus says on the great African king: Their first king was Uranus, and he gathered the human beings, who dwelt in scattered habitations, within the shelter of a walled city and caused his subjects to cease from their lawless ways and their bestial manner of living, discovering for them the uses of cultivated fruits, how to store them up, and not a few other things which are of benefit to man; and he also subdued the larger part of the inhabited earth, in particular the regions to the 26 west and the north. And since he was a careful observer of the stars he foretold many things which would take place throughout the world; and for the common people he introduced the year on the basis of the movement of the sun and the months on that of the moon, and instructed them in the seasons which recur year after year. (p.263) Uranus had many wives that gave birth to many sons and daughters. One of his wives, Titaea, had eighteen sons by Uranus. Her eighteen sons were called the “Titans.” The two oldest daughters of Uranus were Basileia and Rhea: Of these daughters Basileia, who was the eldest and far excelled the others in both prudence and understanding, reared all her brothers, showing them collectively a mother’s kindness; consequently she was given the appellation of “Great Mother,” and after her father had been translated from among men into the circle of the gods, with the approval of the masses and her brothers she succeeded to the royal dignity, though she was still a maiden and because of her exceedingly great chastity had been unwilling to unite in marriage with any man. But later, because of her desire to leave sons who should succeed to the throne, she united in marriage with Hyperion, one of her brothers, for whom she had the greatest affection. (p.267)
27 Basileia and Hyperion had two children, Helius and Selene. However, this royal family was deeply touched by the hands of tragedy. The Titans feared that Hyperion was going to divert royal power to himself, and they killed Hyperion and drowned the very young Helius in the Eridanus river. When Selene heard about the crime, she threw herself from a roof and killed herself. Basileia, upon learning about the tragedy, went into a “swoon” and had a vision that Helius stood over her and asked her not to mourn the death of her children and husband, and he informed her that the Titans would meet their just reward for their evil deeds, and the “holy fire” would be called Helius by all men and the moon, known as “mene,” would be called Selene. Basileia began to wander throughout the land playing the kettledrums until she was probably struck by lightning during a most powerful storm. Diodorus concludes the above episode by saying: …Basileia passed from sight, whereupon the crowds of people, amazed at this reversal of fortune, transferred the names and the honours of Helius and Selene to the stars of the sky, and as for their mother, they considered her to be a goddess and erected altars to her, and imitating the incidents of her life by the pounding of their kettledrums and the clash of the cymbals they
28 rendered unto her in this way sacrifices and all other honours. (p.269) Cronus and Atlas, the most renowned sons of Uranus, became rulers of the divided kingdom of their father. Diodorus says, “…Atlas received as his part the regions on the coast of the ocean, and he not only gave the name of Atlantians to his peoples but likewise called the greatest mountain in the land Atlas.” (p.279) Cronus soon became “notorious for his impiety and greed,” and he married his sister Rhea and she gave birth to a son by the name of Zeus, later called “The Olympian.” Zeus grew into a kind man of a very noble character. He was greatly loved by the masses and addressed as “father.” Zeus became the ruler of his father’s kingdom. It is unclear how he became the king. Some say his father gave power to him and others say that the masses forced Cronus from power and crowned Zeus as their sovereign. However, Cronus, with the help of the Titans, declared war against Zeus. Even though Atlas was a Titan, he sided with Zeus. A great war took place in North Africa, and in the end Zeus emerged victorious. Diodorus says on this: …Zeus overcame him [Cronus] in battle, and on gaining supreme power visited all the inhabited
29 world, conferring benefactions upon the race of men. He was pre-eminent also in bodily strength and in all the other qualities of virtue and for this reason quickly became master of the entire world…and those who had received his favors showed him honor by enthroning him in the heavens, all men eagerly acclaiming him as god and lord forever of the whole universe. (p.285)
James Bramewell, LOST ATLANTIS, 1974.
Basil Davidson, AFRICAN KINGDOMS, 1971.
Diodorus of Sicily, THE LIBRARY OF HISTORY, VOL. II, 1979.
30 QUEEN MYRINA AND THE AMAZONS Diodorus tells of a great race of women that lived around 25,000 years ago west of Ethiopia. He says, “We are told, namely, that there was once in the western parts of Libya, on the bounds of the inhabited world, a race which was ruled by women and followed a manner of life unlike that which prevails among us.” (p.249) These women, at a young age, had their breasts removed so that they would not blossom when reaching full womanhood. The reason for it was when they reached adulthood they became virgin warriors for a certain number of years and their breasts were thought to be a hindrance to them while engaged in battle. After their years of service ended, they went among the men for procreation and the governance of the nation. The Amazon men performed all the domestic duties and reared the children. They brought the infants up on goat milk and fed them “such foods as were appropriate to the age of the infants…” Their home was on an island called Hespera in the marsh of Tritonis. “And this marsh was also near Ethiopia and that mountain by the shore of the ocean which is the highest of those vicinity and impinges upon the ocean and is called by the Greeks Atlas.” (p.251) The island of Hespera was of tremendous size with a great abundance of fruit-bearing trees that provided the people with food. They also kept
31 large flocks of goats and sheep which provided them with milk and meat. They made no use of grain because it had not yet been discovered by them. The Amazon women, being physically superior to many and war loving, conquered all the cities on the island with the exception of Mene because it was a holy city populated by the Ichtyophagi Ethiopians. After bypassing the holy city, “they subdued many of the neighbouring Libyans and nomad tribes, and founded within the march of Tritonis a great city which was named Cherroneses…” (p.253) After conquering all the peoples and lands within the region of their nation, the Amazon matriarch, Queen Myrina, decided to subdue the kingdom of Atlantis. She gathered an army of thirty thousand foot soldiers and three thousand cavalrymen to march against Atlantis with. They used skin from snakes of tremendous size as armor, bows and arrows, and perhaps ivory carved swords to fight with. The Amazons were so excellent in archery that they could easily hit an enemy while riding away by shooting while turned to the rear of the horse. Myrina and her warriors marched on the greatest city of Atlantis known as Cerne. When they reached the enclosed city they engaged her citizens in a pitched battle outside of the city. 32 The Atlantians were utterly defeated and took flight to hide behind their wall. However, the Amazons quickly followed them and made it inside the city before they could be closed out. When inside, Queen Myrina had every adult male put to death. She led into slavery the children and women, and razed the city to the ground. When the news reached other cities in Atlantis about the horrible fate of Cerne, “the Atlantians, struck with terror, surrendered their cities on terms of capitulation and announced that they would do whatever should be commanded them…” (p.255) Queen Myrina then entered a treaty of friendship with them and founded a new city in the place of Cerne called Myrina. In this new city settled her captives or anyone else who wanted to be a citizen. Myrina was given magnificent presents by the Atlantians and voted “notable honours.” She promised them that no harm would ever again come to their people. The Atlantians then asked the queen to subdue their most dreaded enemies, the Gorgons. The Gorgons were a bellicose people on the border of Atlantis that often attacked them. When the Amazons and the Gorgons met in battle a mighty clash took place. The Amazons overcame the Gorgons in battle. The Gorgon men took flight to the woods and left three thousand of their females behind in the hands of the Amazons.
33 Myrina “undertook to set fire to the timber, being eager to destroy the race utterly, but when she found that she was unable to succeed in her attempt she retired to the borders of her country (p.257) The women that were held captive by the Amazons managed to get some of their swords and killed many of them while they were rejoicing over their victory in battle. The Amazons managed to surround the Gorgonian women, and a raged battle took place. Many Amazons lost their lives, but the Gorgons were butchered to the last woman. Myrina, in honor of her fallen warriors, raised great heaps of earth as memorials called “Amazons Mounds.” Later, after Queen Myrina had visited or subdued much of the Sahara and North Africa, she moved to Egypt. In Egypt she agreed to a peace treaty with King Horus, the son of Isis. From Egypt the queen moved into Arabia and conquered many lands. She later “subdued Syria: but when the Cilicians came out with presents to meet her and agreed to obey her commands, she left those free who yielded to her of their free will and for this reason these are called to this day the ‘Free Cilicians’.” Myrina conquered many peoples and lands from modern Israel all the way to Turkey, then known as Thrace.
34 Diodorus says of her: She won over the land along the coast and fixed the bounds of her campaign at the Caicus River. And selecting in the territory which she had won by am sites well suited for the founding of cities she built a considerable number of them and founded one which bore her own name, but others she named after the women who held the most important commands, such Cyme and Priene. (p.259) While conquering other islands she and some warriors became lost in a great storm. She prayed to the “Mother of the Gods,” Cybele, for their safe return. They landed on an uninhabited island. She was foretold of this invent in a dream. Therefore, she made the island sacred to the goddess, set up religious alters, and held magnificent sacrifices. She named the island Samothrace, meaning sacred island.
Diodorus of Sicily, THE LIBRARY OF HISTORY, VOLUME II, 1979.
35 THE CHILDREN OF THE SUN Diodorus tells of a most remarkable African people which gives us an indication of how Africans south of the Sahara lived many years ago. Well before 400 BC a man by the name of Iambulus, a Greek sea merchant was captured with companions by robbers in Arabia while trading for spices in the spice-bearing country. Iambulus and a friend were given to Ethiopians in the area who took them to their country in Africa. The Ethiopians built a small ship for Iambulus and his friend and “they commanded them to steer towards the south; for they were told, they would come to a happy island and to men of honourable character, and among them they would lead a blessed existence.” (p.67) A great feast was held for the two men before their departure to find the happy island to fulfill the custom called the “purification of the land” that was held once every thirty years. The two Greeks were sent on their journey. It took them four months to find the island. When they disembarked the natives were astonished at their arrival but treated the strangers with great kindness and gave them everything that the island had to offer. Diodorus says that the natives were very similar in bodily shape with flexible bones. They were of tender build with the strongest hand grip that Iambulus had ever seen among people. Diodorus further says, “There is absolutely no 36 hair on any part of their bodies except on the head, eyebrows and eyelids, on the chin, but other parts of the body are so smooth that not even the least down can be seen on them. They are also remarkably beautiful and well-proportioned in the outline of the body.” (p.69) The Bushmen discovered by Iambulus lived on an island off the coast of East Africa. They had a strange practice of splitting their tongues so that they were of two tongues. They could use their divided tongues to communicate with two people at once, and they could imitate many languages and sounds of birds. They lived in large groups that numbered no more than four hundred people. They passed their time relaxing in the meadows and lived off wild fruits, reeds, and animals that populated the island in abundance. The island had many springs of warm water that the natives used to bathe their shapely bodies in to clean their smooth skin and for the enjoyment of the tingling sensation of water. Diodorus says on the Children of the Sun: Moreover, the inhabitants give attention to every branch of learning, and especially to astrology: and they use letters which, according to the value of the sounds they represent, are twenty-eight in number, but the characters are only seven, each one of which can be formed in four different ways. Nor do they write their lines horizontally, 37 as we do, but from the top to the bottom perpendicularly. (p.73) Diodorus says that they were of enduring life. He wrote, “And the inhabitants, they tell us, are extremely long-lived, living even to the age of one hundred and fifty years, and experiencing for the most part no illness.” (p.73) It was a custom among them to put their lives to an end when they reached one hundred and fifty years in life by sleeping next to poisonous flowers. Diodorus further says on The Children of the Sun: They do not marry, we are told, but possess their children in common, and maintaining the children who are born as if they belong to all, they love them equally; and while the children are infants those who suckle the babes often change them around in order that not even the mothers may know their own offsprings. Consequently, since there is no rivalry among them, they never experience civil disorders and they never cease placing the highest value upon internal harmony. (p.75) Iambulus and his companion stayed among The Children of the Sun until they were ousted from the island for being of evil ways. They loaded their boat with supplies, shipped off, and 38 ended up shipwrecked on the southern coast of India after a four month journey. Iambulus friend died in the wreck; the survivor found a village where the natives of it took him to the king of Palibothra, a king whose city was many days travel from the ocean coast. The king gave Iambulus safe conduct to Persia, and from Persia he made his way to his native home, Greece.
Diodorus of Sicily, THE LIBRARY OF HISTORY, VOLUME II, 1979.
39 OSIRIS AND ISIS Twenty-five thousand years ago the population of Lower Egypt was Bushman and the population of Upper Egypt was Ethiopian and Nilotic. The latter races migrated north and amalgamated with the Bushmen. Together, all three races produced the red-skinned and long- haired Egyptian often depicted in Egyptian art. The Atlantians to their west were full-blooded black-skinned Nilotics that inhabited the coastal regions. The wife of Zeus, Hera, gave birth to Osiris, Typhon, Apollo, and Aphrodite. When Osiris reached manhood he married his beautiful sister Isis. Osiris became a great civilizer of men and his wife discovered wheat and barley as edible foods which grew wild in the land. Osiris, called Dionysus by the ancient Greeks, came up with was to cultivate the plants. Diodorus says on Osiris’s wife, “Isis also established laws, this way, in accordance with which the people regularly dispense justice to one another and are led to refrain through fear of punishment from illegal violence and insolence…” Osiris founded the first city in Egypt called Hera or the city of Zeus; this city was later given the name of Thebes. Diodorus says on the region of Thebaid:
40 …Consequently, since copper and gold mines had been discovered in the Thebaid, they fashioned implements with which they killed the wild beast and worked the soil, and thus eager rivalry brought the country under cultivation, and they made images of the gods and magnificent golden chapels for their worship, (p.51) Osiris grew up in a city called Nysa in Arabia Felix that was close to Egypt. He discovered how to make wine out of grapes as a young man. Diodorus says, “He was the first to drink wine and taught mankind at large the culture of the vine and the use of wine, as well as the way to harvest the grape and to store wine.” (p.53) Osiris’s respected friend and half-brother, Hermes, also made many remarkable advances for mankind. The invention of the alphabet was attributed to him. Hermes, says Diodorus, “was the first to observe the orderly arrangement of the stars and the harmony of the musical sounds and their nature, to establishing a wrestling school, and to give thought to the rhythmical movement of the human body and its proper development,” (p.53) Osiris decided to subdue the inhabited world. He gave his sister-wife, Isis supreme power and made Hermes her highest counselor. “And as general of all the land under his sway he left Heracles, who was both his kinsman and
41 renowned for his valor and physical strength...” (p.55) Osiris and his two sons, Anubis and Macedon, marched toward Ethiopia to subdue that land with the help of Apollo and Pan. Osiris peacefully conquered Ethiopia. Diodorus says on this: …Osiris was not warlike, nor did he have to organize pitched battles or engagements, since every people received him as a god because of his benefactions. In Ethiopia he instructed the inhabitants in agriculture and founded some notable cities, Osiris left Ethiopia and moved into India with his peaceful war machine and subdued the land. Diodorus says on his adventures in India: He also founded not a few cities in India, one of which he named Nysa, wishing to leave there a memorial of that city in Egypt where he had been reared. He also planted ivy in the Indian Nysa, and throughout India and those countries which border upon it the plant to this day is still to be found in this region. (p.63) Osiris marched into East Europe and visited most of the important lands. While he was in Turkey his army fought the army of King Lycurgus, king of the barbarians. Osiris utterly
42 defeated Lycurgus and left the aged Maron in charge of Turkey and Bulgaria. In Greece, Osiris made his son, Macedon, governor of the new founded city, Macedonia. He also made Triptolemus the governor of southeast Greece and charged him with the duty of teaching the natives the skills of agriculture. Diodorus says: Finally, Osiris in this way visited all the inhabited world and advanced community life by the introduction of the fruits which are most easily cultivated…On his return to Egypt he brought with him the very greatest presents from every quarter and by reason of the magnitude of his benefactions received the gift of immortality with the approval of all men and honour equal to that offered to the gods of heaven. After this he passed from the midst of men into the company of the gods and received from Isis and Hermes sacrifices and very other highest honour. (p.65) Osiris was killed by his envious brother, Typhon. Typhon cut Osiris’s body into twenty-six pieces and gave all but one piece of his brother’s body to twenty-five men who shared in the crime. However, Isis and her son Horus had Typhon and his accomplices put to death in a town called Antaeus. After this Isis became the queen-mother over Egypt.
43 Isis managed to recover all the parts of her husband’s body except his phallus because Typhon had tossed it into the Nile. For each part of Osiris’s body Isis had a wax image made of her husband to go with it. Twenty-five priests individually buried the wax image of Osiris along with its real part in twenty-five districts in Egypt while not being aware that the others were doing likewise. Each priest also selected an animal native to his own district to worship as tribute to Osiris, and Diodorus says on this: It is for this reason that even to this day each group of priests suppose that Osiris lies buried in their district, pays honours to the animals which are consecrated to him, and, when these die, renews in the funeral rites for them the mourning of Osiris. (p.69) Isis had large images of Osiris’s lost penis made and had these images wet up in the temples throughout Egypt “and made it the objective of the highest regard and reverence.” In the temples wild sex orgies and food festivals were annually held to honour Osiris’s lost phallus.
Diodorus of Sicily, THE LIBRARY OF HISTORY, VOLUME I, 1979
44 MENES AND THE UNIFICATION OF EGYPT Around 3200 BC Egypt was divided into two kingdoms, Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. Upper Egypt was in the south while Lower Egypt was in the north. The southern part of Egypt was largely populated with black-skinned Ethiopians while the northern part of Egypt was populated with mixed Bushmen and black Asiatics. Menes, a black-skinned Ethiopian, resided at the city of Thinis in Upper Egypt with his royal family. Thinis was then the foremost city in Egypt. Menes, also known as Narmer, decided to unite the two Egypts. He invaded Lower Egypt with a strong force and caught the Delta kingdom by surprise. Even though the Upper and Lower Egyptians were engaged in warfare for some time prior, his attack and defeat of the Northerners were totally stunning. He took seven thousand prisoners and crowned himself king of both Upper and Lower Egypt; he then sacrificed ten victims in celebration of his victory. Menes then constructed the great city of Memphis. However, his greatest accomplishment came before the construction of Memphis, and that was when he turned the natural course of the great Nile River. Herodotus, an ancient Greek historian, explains: Menes, the ruler over Egypt, in the first place protected Memphis by a mound…Beginning about a hundred stades above Memphis, he filled in the elbow towards the south, dried up the old channel and constructed the river by a canal so as to make it flow between the mountains: this bend of the Nile which flows, excluded from its ancient 45 course, is still carefully upheld by the Persians …When the part cut off had been made firm by this Menes, who was the first king, he in the first place built on it the city that is now called Memphis; for Memphis is situated in the narrow part of Egypt; and outside it he excavated a lake from the river towards the north and west; for the Nile itself bounds it towards the east. Diodorus, an ancient Greek historian, says: After the gods the first king of Egypt, according to the priests, was Menas [Menes], who taught the people to worship gods and offer sacrifices and also to supply themselves with tables and couches and to use costly bedding, and, in a word, introduced luxury and an extravagant manner of life. (p.159) Menes peacefully ruled for sixty-two years.
Diodorus of Sicily, THE LIBRARY OF HISTORY, VOLUME 1, 1968.
HERODOTUS, VOLUME I, 1981.
Margaret A. Murray, THE SPLENDOR THAT WAS EGYPT, 1963
46 IMOTEP A small number of white historical scholars are trying to say that aliens from outer space constructed the massive pyramids in Egypt. However, we know that was not the case. Around 2700 BC King Zoser of the Third Dynasty had his great vizer known as Imotep to construct the first pyramid in Egyptian history out of hewn stone at a place called Saqqara. However, other important things were taking place during the Third Dynasty which led to the construction of the great edifice. During the Third Dynasty the worshipping of the sun was introduced to the Egyptian upper class and the custom of mummification was also adopted by the Egyptian ruling class. Imotep was most likely the great mind who discovered how to preserve dead bodies for thousands of years through the unknown process of mummification and from it arose the need for a massive structure to serve as a lasting tomb for King Zoser. King Zoser was a strong, noble, and able ruler who presided over Egypt for nineteen years. However, Zoser was overshadowed by Imhotep. Imhotep was an architect, physician, astronomer, priest, and poet. So great was Imotep knowledge of medicine that well over two thousand years after his death he was worshipped as a god of medicine by the Greeks under the name of Asklepois. The Egyptians regarded him as the father of medicine. Imotep drew the plans for the first pyramid in Egypt made with stones. Kings before Zoser were buried in tombs called mastabas that were constructed from baked bricks. However, Imhotep decided to use small hewn stones as his main 47 building material and built the first pyramid in Egypt that resembled seven mastabas piled on one another with the largest one being at the bottom and the smallest one at the top, resembling steps in pyramid form – giving us the name of step pyramid. The Imhotep pyramid stands 204 feet high and approximately 411 feet long from east to west and 358 feet long from north to south and around the perimeter of the pyramid stood a massive stone wall with many small buildings within its enclosure. The step pyramid at Saqqara designed by Imhotep is considered by many to be one of the greatest pyramids constructed in Egypt, and it is still standing today. And Imhotep was of Bushman blood and perhaps the greatest mind in Egyptian history.
I.E.S. Edwards, THE PYRAMIDS OF EGYPT, 1985.
UNESCO, GENERAL HISTORY OF AFRICA, VOLUME II, 1981.
48 KING KHUFU AND THE GREAT PYRAMID Khufu’s father, King Snefru ruled Egypt around 2600 BC. When he died his son became the pharaoh of Egypt. Khufu, also known as Cheops, ruled Egypt for fifty years. Khufu was not liked very much by the priests in Egypt during his day and later generations because he forbade sacrifices and closed all the temples. Khufu is known for building his massive pyramid at Giza. The Egyptians were great builders, by far the greatest builders in antiquity. They built many massive pyramids and temples throughout Egypt that modern man, with his great technology, is unable to reproduce today with his mechanical machinery. The Egyptians invented geometry in order to build pyramids and to manage their agricultural lands. Based upon their architectural achievements, they were like mortal gods. The Egyptian built thirty-three major pyramids during the Old and Middle Kingdoms, concluding with the last pyramid of King Khendjer around 1777 BC. This was during the time when the Egyptians were pure black Africans in terms of race and when white-skinned Europeans were living like wild animals in caves on the often snow-covered rocks of Europe. Khufu’s pyramid is a great testimony to the ancient greatness of the black, brown, and mahogany-skinned peoples of the Dark Continent. It took twenty years to erect the great pyramid at Giza. And contrary to popular belief, the pyramids were not built by slaves. They were constructed by the citizens of Egypt as public works projects during the times when unemployment was very high; the builders of 49 the pyramids were treated very humanely. Khufu’s pyramid at Giza is the largest singular structure on earth built by the human race. It is made of 2,300,000 separate blocks with an average weight of two and a half tons with some blocks reaching a maximum weight of fifteen tons. I.E.S. Edwards says on the Khufu pyramid,”…if it were sawn into cubes measuring a foot in each dimension and these cubes were placed in a row, they would extend a distance equal to two-thirds of the earth’s periphery at the equator.” (p.98) With the stones from the pyramids one could build a five feet wall one foot wide around the whole of France and England put together. The base of Khufu’s pyramid has enough room to accommodate well over forty football fields, and it has more than enough room at its base to house the British House of Parliament and St. Paul’s Cathedral grouped together with considerable space left over. This massive pyramid stands 481 feet high with each measurement of the bottom base being 755 feet long on each side with a difference between the longest and the shortest bases of only 7.9 inches. The area covered by its base is 13.1 acres of land. Each corner of Khufu’s pyramid is oriented almost exactly in line with true north and south or east and west. The pyramid had a beautifully engraved Tura limestones covering on its outer surface that was dismantled by white Arabs for building material. Khufu is also known for his boat that has been preserved intact. It is made of 1,224 pieces of wood with a length of 143 feet. It has a displacement of about 40 tons. The boat was 50 joined together by ropes of halfa grass or by pegs of sycamore wood. In some places copper stables were used instead of pegs. Khufu had a very unusual way for raising money to build his great pyramids. He had a very beautiful daughter that he made prostitute herself to the wealthy class in order to build the great edifice. Herodotus says on this: And so evil a man was Cheops that for lack of money he made his own daughter sit in a chamber and exact payment (how much, I know not; for they did not tell me this.) She, they say doing her father’s bidding, was minded to leave some memorial of her own, and demanded of everyone who sought to have intercourse with her that he should give one stone to set in her work; and of these stones was built the pyramid that stands midway of the three, over against the great pyramid; each side of it measures one hundred and fifty feet. (p.429) Her pyramid still stands today in front of the pyramid of Mankaure, the grandson of khufu. The second largest pyramid in Egypt was built by the antecedent of Khufu, King Snefru, which is 722 square feet at its base – making this pyramid as nearly as large as the Great Pyramid of Khufu.
I.E.S. Edwards, THE GREAT PYRAMIDS OF EGYPT, 1985.
HERODOTUS, VOLUME I, 1981.
51 SEMIRAMIS THE GREAT Around 2500 BC a most remarkable woman was born by the name of Semiramis under very unusual circumstances who, according to Strabo, founded the city of Babylon. Strabo says, “Semiramis was the woman who succeeded her husband and founded Babylon. These two gained the mastery of Asia…” Semiramis’s mother was a woman by the name of Derceto who was a virgin priestess in a religion temple in a Syrian city known as Ascalon. Derceto felt a violent passion for a handsome youth among her votaries. Derceto gave herself to the young man and she bore a female child as a result of it. Filled with shame, she killed the young man and left the baby in a rocky desert region to die. Then Derceto drowned herself in a lake. The infant was abandoned near a great multitude of doves and their nests. It has been written that the doves kept the child alive by keeping the child warm with their expanded wings and feeding the child with droplets of milk and then bits of cheese stolen from cowherds nearby until the child was one year old. The child was discovered when some herders noticed doves pecking off bits from their cheeses; they followed the doves and discovered the baby girl. The herders turned the baby over to the keeper of the royal herds called Simmas. Simmas was childless, and he decided to rear the beautiful girl as his very own. He named her Semiramis, which means doves in the Syrian language. Semiramis grew into a young lady of surpassing beauty. She married an officer from the king’s court by the name of Onnes who 52 had been appointed governor over all of Syria. Semiramis was taken to the recently built city of Ninus, named after King Ninus, and they had two sons, Hyapates and Hydaspes. Her husband became completely enslaved by her, “and since he would do nothing without her advice he prospered in everything,” King Ninus decided to subdue the Bactrians. The Bactrians had a powerful military nation well situated in a country naturally designed for a defensive war. King Ninus gathered a military force of “one million seven hundred thousand foot-soldiers, two hundred and ten thousand cavalry and slightly less than ten thousand six hundred scythe-bearing chariots in order to march against the country of Bactriana. King Ninus had his army march against the country which was ruled by King Oxyartes. After a fierce battle in the countryside Ninus lost one hundred thousand men, but ultimately defeated the Bactrians with his massive army. King Ninus easily subdued all the cities except Bactria, the royal city. The siege of the city was very long, so long that Onnes sent for his wife, Semiramis. Diodorus says: She devised a garb which made it impossible to distinguish whether the wearer of it was a man or a woman. This dress was well adapted to her needs, as regards both travelling in the heat, for protecting the colour of her skin, and her convenience in doing whatever she might wish to do, since it was quite pliable and suitable to a young person, and, in a word, was so attractive 53 that in later times the Medes, who were then dominate in Asia, always wore the garb of Semiramis, as did the Persians after them. (p.369) When Semiramis arrived she noticed that the soldiers were attacking the heavily defended low walls while the giant acropolis was defenseless because its soldiers were helping out in the defense of the other walls. She gathered a small force and personally led them in scaling the giant acropolis. When they were on top of the acropolis, the defenders of the city saw Semiramis and her force and were struck with terror when they saw that the acropolis had been taken and abandoned their defense of the city – Bactria was soon taken by the forces of King Ninus. King Ninus was amazed at the ability of Semiramis and became infatuated with her. He gave her great gifts and wanted Onnes to yield Semiramis to him of his own free will. Onnes refused and King Ninus threatened to put his eyes out unless he obeyed his command. Onnes, “partly out of fear of the king’s threats and partly out of his passion for his wife, fell into a kind of frenzy and madness, put a rope about his neck, and hanged himself.” Then King Ninus married Semiramis, and they had a son by the name of Ninyas. Then the king died, leaving Semiramis as the ruling queen. Semiramis, “eager for great exploits and ambitious to surpass the fame of her predecessor on the throne, “decided to build a city in Babylonia. She gathered architects and skilled artisans from all over the world and collected a construction crew of two million men. With the 54 Euphrates river running in the center, she built a circular brick wall that was three hundred feet high and was forty miles long. Two hundred and fifty towers were built into the wall. Semiramis had one great palace built on each side of the Euphrates, one facing the rising sun and the other facing the setting sun. Also inside the great wall she built another palace that surpassed the other two palaces in greatness. Diodorus says on Semiramis: After this Semiramis picked out the lowest spot in Babylonia and built a square reservoir, which was three hundred stades long on each side; it was constructed of baked brick and bitumen, and had a depth of thirty-five feet. Then diverting the river into it, she built an under-ground passage-way from one palace to the other; and making it of burned brick, she coated the vaulted chambers on both side with hot bitumen until she had made the thickness of this coating four cubits. The side walls of the passage-way were twenty bricks thick and twelve feet high, exclusive of the barrel vault, and after this construction had been finished in only seven days she let the river back again into its old channel, and so, since the stream flowed above the passage-way, Semiramis was able to go across from one palace to the other without passing over the river…After this she built in the centre of the city a temple of Zeus…and at the top of the ascent Semiramis set up three statutes of hammered gold, of Zeus, Hera, and Rhea. of these statutes that of Zeus represented him erect and striding forward, and being forty feet high, weighed a thousand Babylonian talents; that of Rhea showed her seated on a golden throne and 55 and was of the same weight as that of Zeus; and at her knees stood two lions, while near were huge serpents of silver, each one weighing thirty talents. The statue of Hera was also standing, weighing eight thousand talents, and in her right hand she held a snake by the head and in her left a scepter studded with precious stones. (p.381-383 This great temple gave birth to the mythical Tower of Babel which can be read about in the Bible. Semiramis quarried out a solid stone from a mountain in Armenia that was one hundred and thirty feet long and twenty-five feet wide; “and this she hauled up by many means of many multitudes of yokes of mules and oxen to the river and there loaded it on a raft, on which she brought down the stream to Babylonia.” (p.389) She sat the stone up besides the most famous street to amaze all those who saw it. And this stone block was placed among the seven wonders of the world. After her building operations were finished she visited Egypt and subdued most of Libya. “Then upon her return from these regions she visited most of Ethiopia, subduing it as she went and inspecting the wonders of the land.” After her visit to Ethiopia and Egypt, she returned with her force to Bactria in Asia. Being at peace for a long time, she became eager “to achieve some brilliant exploit in war.” She was informed that India was the largest, wealthiest, and most beautiful nation in the world. It was a land with a great multitude of rivers and lakes that had never known famine or a destruction of crops. In this splendid land 56 King Stabrobates was the king. He had a massive army without number and many war elephants at his disposal to protect his land with an abundance of gold, silver, iron, copper, and precious stones of every kind from would be invaders. Semiramis spent three years preparing for war. She had many river boats constructed that could be taken apart and carried over land. She had many dummies of elephants constructed with the hope that the dummies would strike terror in the hearts of the Indians because they were of the opinion that elephants only existed in India. She went through careful measures to make sure that no one but her artisans knew of the dummy elephants in order to keep the word from leaking to the Indians concerning their true nature. The size of her army “was three million foot soldiers, two hundred thousand cavalry, and one hundred thousand chariots. There were also men mounted on camels carrying swords four cubit long, as many in number as the chariots. And river boats which could be taken apart she built to the number of two thousand, and she had collected camels to carry the vessels overland. Camels also bore the dummies, as has been mentioned.” (p.407) King Stabrobates was fully aware of the fact that Semiramis was making great preparations to attack his nation. Therefore, he made great preparations to defend his nation. He made four thousand river boasts out of reed. He gathered a force much greater than what Semiramis had. He captured and trained wild elephants in the countryside to add to his already existing force of war elephants and “fitted them all out with such things as would strike terror in war. “When his 57 preparations for war ended, he sent a letter to the advancing Semiramis warning her to turn back because he had done her no wrong or face crucifixion upon her defeat. Semiramis’s reply was “It will be in deeds that the Indians will make trial of my velour.” Her advance continued, and she first confronted the forces of Stabrobates at the Indus River. At the first encounter on the river, Semiramis won. Both sides fought for a long time with foot-soldiers along the sides of the river and with river boats. One thousand Indian boats were destroyed and one hundred thousand captives were taken by the queen. Stabrobates withdrew his war machine from the river, hoping to entice Semiramis to follow him. Semiramis constructed a pontoon bridge across the river for her army to cross in order to pursue the Indians, leaving sixty thousand men behind to protect the bridge. Her dummy elephants led the way. When reports reached the Indians concerning Semiramis’s elephant, they were at a loss as to where she got the elephants from. However, deserters soon informed the Indians that her great multitude of elephants were dummies. Upon being convinced of this, Stabrobates turned his retreating forces to face the advancing Assyrians. Stabrobates had his cavalry and chariots to attack Semiramis, but when the horses smelled the dummy elephants they went mindless and caused the Indians to suffer a great loss. As Stabrobates’s cavalry and chariots ran passed him in retreat, he was not dismayed. He personally led his elephants and foot-soldiers in a fierce attack on the back of 58 the most powerful elephant. Diodorus says on the attack: …He himself, taking his position on the right wing and fighting from the most powerful of the beast, charged in terrifying fashion upon the queen, whom chance had placed opposite of him. And since the rest of the elephants followed his example, the army of Semiramis withstood but a short time the attack of the beasts; for the animals, by virtue of their extraordinary courage and the confidence which they felt in their power, easily destroyed everyone who tried to withstand them. Consequently there was a great slaughter, which was affected in various ways, some being trampled beneath their feet, others ripped up by their tusks, and a number tossed into the air by their trunks. And since a great multitude of corpses lay piled one upon the other and danger aroused terrible consternation and fear in those who witnessed the sight, not a man had the courage to hold his position any longer. (p.415) When the Assyrians turned in flight, King Stabrobates personally attacked Queen Semiramis. He shot her in the arm with an arrow and sliced her back with a glancing blow from his javelin. Semiramis, not seriously hurt, swiftly fled on her fast horse with Stabrobates behind her on his slow elephant. As the Assyrians rushed to cross the pontoon bridge, many were crushed by each other as they tried to rush across the narrow passage, When the great bulk of Semiramis’s remaining forces made it across the bridge, she cut the ropes that held it in place. This caused a great multitude of the advancing Indians to drown 59 when the bridge broke apart by being swept away by the violent Indus River. After these events the king of the Indians remained inactive, since heavenly omens appeared to him which seers interpreted to mean that he must not cross the river, and Semiramis, after exchanging prisoners, made her way back to Bactra with the loss of two-thirds of her force. (p.41)
Diodorus of Sicily, THE LIBRARY OF HISTORY, VOLUME I, 1968.
Strabo, THE GEOGRAPHY OF STRABO, VOLUME VII, 1983.
60 KING PEPI II AND HARKHUF Around 2300 BC King Merenre of Egypt died and a child by the name of Pepe II took over the royal throne at the age of six. During his childhood the government of the country was under the care of his mother and uncle. Before Pepe II became king a caravan leader by the name of Harkhuf had traveled south into deep Africa several times. On his third trip south he was heading for the land of Yam, a kingdom that probably once existed in the modern country of Uganda. When he reached Yam he discovered that the chief of the land had gone to the country of Temeh to smite “Temeh as far as the western corner of heaven.” Harkhuf went after the chief and found him before he was to launch his attack. He convinced the chief not to attack Temeh. The chief had many warriors to escort Harkhuf to Memphis, but first they had to pass through a great kingdom which was ruled by a mighty chief. Harkhuf says on this: I went down with 100 asses laden with incense, ebony, heknu, grain, panthers, ivory-sticks, and every good product. When the chief of Irthet, Sethu, and Wawat saw how strong and numerous was the troop of Yam, who were going down with me to the Court together with the soldiers who had been sent with me, he brought and gave to me the bulls and small cattle, and conducted me along the roads of the High-lands Irthet, because I was more excellent and more vigilant than any chief or caravan conductor who had been sent to Yam before. (Murray,p.18) When Harkhuf went on his fourth journey to Yam he was given a dancing dwarf to present to the pharaoh as a gift. Harkhuf wrote the pharaoh 61 about the gift, and the young Pepi II amusingly replied in a letter: Come northward at once to the Court. And thou must bring with thee this dwarf, alive, sound and well, from the land of spirits, for the dance of the god…When [you come] down with thee into the vessel, appoint trustworthy people who shall be beside him on each side of the vessel; take care lest he should fall into the water. When he sleeps at night, appoint trustworthy people who shall sleep besides him in his tent; inspect ten times a night. For my Majesty [himself] desires to see this dwarf more than the products of Sinai and Punt. (Murray, p.19) Pepi II ruled Egypt for ninety-four years and died in his hundredth year after one of the longest rulerships in history. His reign was filled with lasting peace and prosperity. Many trading expeditions were made to the lands of Yam and Punt. The people of Egypt were very happy under the rule of Pepi II. However, this most beloved king was not a strong ruler in terms of dominating others through politics and military power. And because of it, when his blissful reign came to an end Egypt collapsed into utter chaos from which it did not recover until 2060 BC when King Menthuhotep reunited Egypt and restored order, establishing Thebes as the new capital in Upper Egypt,
Margaret A. Murry, THE SPLENDOUR THAT WAS EGYPT, 1963.
UNESCO, A GENRAL HISORY OF AFRICA, VOLUMEN II, 1981.
62 MOSES AND THE HYKSOS The Egyptians did not enslave the Jews as it is written in the Bible, for the Egyptians were the most humane people in antiquity. Moses was a black Hyksos warrior-priest that lived in Lower Egypt. It is generally believed by many black historians that the Hyksos were white Europeans, but that was not the case. The Hyksos were a confederation of ivory, brown, and black-skinned Arabians and Asiatics that invaded Egypt around 1785 BC with the intent of exterminating the Egyptians and taking their land and wealth when Egypt was under the rule of King Amenenhet IV. Josephus quotes Manetho on the above: A people of ignoble origin from the east, whose coming was unforeseen, had the audacity to invade the country, which they mastered by main force without difficulty or even a battle. Having overpowered the chiefs, they then savagely burnt the cities, razed the temples of the gods to the ground and treated the whole native population with the utmost cruelty, massacring some and carrying off the wives and children of others into slavery. Finally, they made one of their numbers, named Salitis, king. He resided at Memphis, exacted tribute from Upper and Lower Egypt, and left garrisons in the places most suited for defence (Volume 1, 193) The Hyksos only ruled Lower Egypt in the north for two hundred and eighty-four years. The Ethiopians to the south of Egypt aided the Upper Egyptians in holding off the advancement of the Hyksos. The Upper Egyptians and the Hyksos fought many wars, but the Egyptians started gaining the upper hand under the Theban king of 63 Kamose shortly after 1585 BC, but they were not able to defeat the Hyksos, Amenhotep I continued the war and was able to restrict the Hyksos to the region where their capital, Avaris, was located. Then Thutmose I launched a great attack on the Hyksos capital of Avaris after 1502 BC, but was unable to take the capital of the Hyksos. However, Thutmose I reached an agreement with the Hyksos that allowed them to depart unmolested, and Moses was most likely present for this great departure. Josephus says on the departure of the Hyksos: Then the kings of the Thebaid and of the rest of Egypt rose in revolt against the shepherds, and a great war broke out, which was of long duration…the shepherd he says [Manetho], were defeated, driven out of the rest of Egypt, and confined in a place called Avaris, containing ten thousand arouae [five thousand acres]. The shepherds, according to Manetho, enclosed the whole of this area with a great strong wall, in order to secure all their possessions and spoils. Thoumosis [Thutmose I]…invested the wall with an army of 480,000 men, and endeavoured to reduce them to submission by siege. Despairing of achieving his object, he concluded a treaty, under which they were all to evacuate Egypt and go whither they would unmolested. Upon these terms no few than two hundred and forty thousand entire households with their possessions, left Egypt and traversed the desert to Syria. Then, terrified by the might of the Assyrians, who at that time were masters of Asia, they built a city in the country now called Judaea, capable of 64 accommodating their vast company, and gave it the name of Jerusalem, (Volume 1, p. 199). Exodus in the Bible is a grandiose lie, which is the reason why not even a drop of evidence exists anywhere on earth to support Moses on this matter, and it reads like a grandiose, mythical lie. Moses created Exodus with his pen in order to cover up the ignoble origin of the Jews. When the Egyptians allowed Moses to leave Egypt, Moses was one of the major leaders of the Hyksos. In order to support the above, I present evidence from the ancient historian known as Strabo. Moses, namely, was one of the Aegyptian priests, and held a part of Lower Aegypt, as it is called, but he went away from there to Judaea, since he was displeased with the state of affairs there, and was accompanied by many people who worshipped the Divine Being…Now Moses, saying things of this kind persuaded not a few thoughtful men and led them away to this place the settlement of Jerusalem now is, and he easily took possession of the place, since it was not a place that would be looked on with envy, not yet one for which anyone would make a serious fight. (p.283)
Josephus, VOLUME I, 1976.
George Steindorff/Keith C. Seele, WHEN EGYPT RULED THE EAST, 1957
Strabo, THE GEOGRAPHY OF STRABO, VOLUME II, 1983.
65 QUEEN HATSHEPSUT AND THE PUNTITES During 1504 BC a most remarkable woman became the pharaoh of Egypt. She was a woman of great charm and beauty. She was the daughter of Thutmose I, and was a co-regent with Thutmose I and his son Thutmose II. When Thutmose II died Hatshepsut became the sole monarch of Egypt because Thutmose III was only a child. Queen Hatshepsut was a woman of great character and will. During her rulership of Egypt, the nation was at total peace and trade was greatly expanded during her reign. Hatshepsut was extremely devoted to her religion and built the most magnificent temple in Egypt at Deir el Bahri with many inscriptions on the temple. She also repaired many other temples throughout Egypt. Hatshepsut is most known for re- establishing trade with the land of Punt on the coast of Somalia. In her ninth year as queen of Egypt she sent five great sailing vessels on a long voyage to the land of Punt. When the Egyptians landed on the coast of Punt they marveled at the sight of many huts built on top of long poles made from palm and myrrh trees with the huts only being accessible by using ladders. The small statured Bushmanoid Puntites were amazed at the arrival of the Egyptians and greeted their lost relatives with warmth and love. The Egyptians showed the Puntites their wares brought from the Nile. And the Puntites gathered around their wares in amazement. From the mist of the crowd appeared the chief of the village along with his pleasingly corpulent wife and their children, amazed at the arrival of the Egyptians. The chief 66 greeted the newcomers and wanted to know why did they come to their land and how did they know of their land. The Puntites and the Egyptians started trading their wares. When the trading was completed the “ambassadors of Hatshepsut” lavishly entertained the chief of punt with a banquet consisting of bread, beer, wine, fruit, and all the good things of Egypt while the Egyptian vessels were being laden with beautiful plants, myrrh, ebony, ivory, gold, costly woods, incense, eye cosmetics, apes, monkeys, greyhounds, leopard skins, and slaves together with their children. When the queen’s fleet departed for Egypt an embassy from the “chiefs of the land of Punt” accompanied it to Thebes in order to present gifts to her majesty and to seek peace “from her whose name had penetrated to the uttermost reaches of heaven.” There was great rejoicing in the capital when the vessels retuned, and the Egyptians were astonished at the wonderful products from the land of Punt. The embassy from Punt presented Queen Hatshepsut and her consort Thutmose III with the beautiful gifts from the land of Punt. Queen Hatshepsut set up two great obelisks (stone monuments representing phalluses) in the capital of Karnak that stood one hundred feet high each. Hatshepsut says on this: I was sitting in the palace and thinking of my Creator, when my heart urged me to make for him in the Hall of Columns two obelisks whose points should reach the sky…Verily, these two great obelisks that my Majesty wrought with electrum, 67 they are of a single stone of hard granite without any join or division. My Majesty commanded this work in the 15th year on the first day of the month of Mechir till the 16th year and the last day of the month Mesori, making seven months since ordering of it in the quarry. (Murray p.34) Queen Hatshepsut died and was buried in the Valley of the tombs of the kings during 1485 BC. Thutmose III became king, and he fought great wars with the princes of Megiddo and Kadesh. He undertook sixteen campaigns into Palestine, Syria, and Nubia in order to secure Egypt from foreign invasions.
Margaret A. Murray, THE SPLENDOUR THAT WAS EGYPT, 1963.
George Steindorff/Keith C. Seele, WHEN EGYPT RULED THE EAST, 1957.
68 AKHNATON Akhnaton, also known as Amenhotep IV, was the son of Amenhotep III. Akhnaton came to full power as king of Egypt around 1375 BC. He married the beautiful Nofretete; they had six daughters. Akhnaton was an effeminate man and a very devoted father to his children and a devoted husband to his wife. He is often called the father of monotheism. He instituted the worship of the sun-god called Aton with the intent of making the worship of Aton a universal religion. Akhnaton built several temples for the worship of Aton in Memphis and other cities as well. In the fourth year of his co-regency with his father he had a sacred district established midway between Thebes and Memphis for the worship of Aton named Akhetaton. Steindorf and Seele say on Akhetaton: The new district was given the name Akhetaton, the “horizon of Aton” and it became the personal property of the new god with all its towns and villages, its fields and canals, its herds and peasants. Aton himself, the king reported had expressed the desire that a monument be erected for him on this particular site which had never belonged to any god or goddess nor to any prince or princess, but which should now be established as the “Horizon of Aton” The boundaries of the city were marked by a great inscribed rock-hewn stelae. (p.205) The priest of Amun at Thebes gave Akhnaton considerable resistance to his new religion. However, Akhnaton argued that if all the many gods were but different manifestations of the one true god, the sun’s orb, “then they must be 69 merged in him – and one god alone, the ‘living Aton,’ should be the sole object of universal worship,” In his sixth renal year Akhnaton made the worship of Aton the state religion. The temples established for the worship of other gods were closed and their property seized. Statues of the old gods were destroyed and the name of Amun was especially banned. Akhnaton then moved from Thebes to Akhetaton because of Thebes’ strong association with the worship of Amun. After two years in the city he decided to make a ceremonial inspection of his new residence. He toured the sacred precinct of Aton in a chariot made of gold, halting at each of the great boundary stelae to take an oath in the presence of the sun god never to extend the boundaries of the holy city. The royal palace of Akhetaton was originally planned to be the largest secular building in the ancient world. It was a great edifice and a huge window was constructed on the palace called the “window of appearance” from which King Akhnaton and Queen Nofretete with their six or more daughters were visible to the masses on special occasions. From the window of the balcony Akhnaton was known to give gold chains, rings, and decorative bowls to his favorites before the eyes of the exulting multitudes as tokens of his grace. Akhnaton and Nofretete were quite often depicted in loving play with their children in sculptures and paintings. However, all was not well with Egypt. The white Hittites and the war- like white Habiru (Hebrews) became allies and 70 ruthlessly attacked many cities in Palestine under Egyptian protection. A black prince in Jerusalem wrote to the Egyptian court concerning this: All the lands of the king have broken away…The Habiru are plundering all the lands of the king. If no troops come in this very year, then all the lands of the king are lost. (Steindorff, p. 221) The Habiru devastated all the dominions of the king without hindrance, and Egypt lost complete control of Palestine while the Hittites gained control of northern Palestine and the Habiru gained control of southern Palestine. Queen Nofretete fell into disgrace and moved to the northern end of the city in a new palace she had constructed for herself. With Nofretete banished from the royal palace, Akhnaton married his thirteen year old daughter, Ankhesenpaton, in desperation to father a male heir to take over his now shaky throne, but his daughter-wife presented him with another daughter which he named “Ankhesenpaton junior.” An example of Akhnaton’s religion can be gleaned from a stanza of his hymn to Aton found below: Thou hast made the earth according to they will alone: mankind, cattle, and all other beasts, everything on Earth that walketh on feet, and everything lifted on their wings in flight, the foreign lands in Syria and Kush, and the land of Egypt. Thou settest each man in his own place and thou carest for his wants; each one hath his sustenance, and his time is reckoned. [Men’s] 71 tongues and ears are divided by language, their character and their appearance are distinguished also – so hast thou distinguished the nations. Thou didst create the Nile in the netherworld and brought it forth according to thy desire to maintain the Egyptians, even as thou hast made them for thyself, their universal lord…
Sir Alan Gardiner, EGYPT OF THE PHARAOHS, 1961.
George Steindorff/Keith S. Seele, WHEN EGYPT RULED THE EAST, 1957.
72 QUEEN MAKEDA AND KING SOLOMON Ancient Ethiopia was a very great nation; perhaps the greatest nation in antiquity. The Ethiopian did not build great pyramids as the Egyptians did, but the nation was very noble and civilized. The black-skinned inhabitants of this massive kingdom loved and respected one another. Makeda, also known as the Queen of Sheba, ruled this blessed land. The head of her caravans was a man by the name of Tamrin. He was engaged in large scale trading operations with King Solomon. He was greatly impressed with Solomon’s wealth and wisdom; when he told the Queen of Sheba about the wealth and wisdom of Solomon, she very much wanted to see him. Josephus, an ancient Jewish historian, says on this: Now the woman who at that time ruled as queen of Egypt and Ethiopia was thoroughly trained in wisdom and remarkable in other ways, and, when she heard of Solomon’s virtue and understanding was led to him by a strong desire to see him which arose from the things told daily about his country. (p.661) Queen Makeda was a woman of very great beauty and was jet black in color. She decided to leave her royal palace at the great city of Saba, later named Meroe by Cambyses, located in the modern black country of Sudan to visit King Solomon. She departed Ethiopia with a great caravan laden with gold, various spices, and precious stones. And when she met the reddish- brown Solomon with woolly hair she tested his wisdom with difficult questions, and Solomon’s 73 mental dexterity greatly impressed her. She said to the wise king Solomon: All things, O King, that come to our knowledge through hearsay are received with mistrust, but concerning the good things that are yours, both those which you possess in your own person, I mean your wisdom and prudence, and those which the kingship gives you, it was by no means a false report that reached us; on the contrary, though it was true, it indicated a prosperity far below that which I see, now being here. For the report attempted only to persuade our ears but did not make known the dignity of your state as fully as seeing it and being in its presence showed it to be. I, for my part, did not believe the things reported because of the multitude and greatness of what I heard about them, and yet I have witnessed here things far greater than these…Let us bless God who has so well loved this country and its inhabitants as to make you their king. (Josephus p. 665). Makeda and Solomon exchanged many precious gifts. Ultimately, they became close friends and lovers. Makeda decided to abandon the worship of the sun and to worship instead, the Creator of the sun, the God of Israel. She then returned to Ethiopia and had Solomon’s son nine months and five days after departing Jerusalem. Her son was given the name of Menelik. When Menelik became a young man he visited his father, King Solomon. On this visit Edward Ullendorff says in Ethiopia and the Bible:
74 When the boy had grown up he went to visit his father who received him with great honour and splendor. After some time at Solomon’s court he was determined to return to his mother’s realm. Thereupon the king assembled the elders of Israel and commanded them to send their firstborn sons with Menelik, in order to found a kind of Israelite colony. Before the young men departed they abducted the Ark of the Covenant and took it with them to Ethiopia which now became the second Zion. (p.141) King Solomon and Makeda started a dynasty which ruled ancient and modern Ethiopia until the recent death of Emperor Haile Selassie.
Edward Ullendorff, ETHIOPIA AND THE BIBLE, 1967.
Josephus, JEWISH ANTIQUITTIES , 1977.
75 THE ETHIOPIANS AS MASTERS OF EGYPT Around 1500 BC the black world from India all the way to Egypt was under ruthless attacks by the white Teutonic tribes of Europe and the ignoble blacks who joined their ranks. These Teutons and wicked blacks caused much devastation to the civilized black world. Much of our ancient civilization was lost to the white heathens from the north and their treacherous black allies. Around 1080 BC, as a result of constant warfare with Aryans, Asiatics, and Libyans, Egypt was a broken nation and had once again divided into two independent kingdoms. The north of Egypt (Lower Egypt) was now mainly populated with Asiatics, Libyans, and Teutons while south of Egypt (Upper Egypt) was mainly populated with brown and black-skinned Africans, and a close affinity existed between the Ethiopians in the land of Kush and the Upper Egyptians. During the year of 750 BC the Ethiopian king known as Kashta made a pilgrimage to the Amun Temple at Thebes and was hailed as “king of upper and Lower Egypt” by the Theban clergy. And his daughter was named “Divine Adoratress of Amun.” This was done because the Theban clergy feared an attack by a Delta prince and wanted to count on military help from Ethiopia in the event of an attack by the northerners. However, the wise Kashta simply accepted the paper title and returned to his royal palace in Napata, an Ethiopian city. Kashta died during 747 BC, and his son named Piye, better known as Piankhy, became the king of Ethiopia and Upper Egypt. He ruled both 76 lands for twenty years at Napata without ever taking a single step on Egyptian soil. During 730 BC, a Delta prince by the name of Tefnakht was about to launch a great attack on Upper Egypt. King Piankhy was informed of this and from Napata he marched northward with a massive army and shocked the northerners by inflicting a stunning defeat on them. Kendall says on Piankhy: …The Nubian crusader proceeds down the Nile, taking towns “like a cloudburst,” turning up his nose at the conquered womenfolk but evaluating horseflesh with the eye of an expert, sending his wives and female relatives to “politic” with the women of the vanquished lords of Egypt, all the while scrupulously attending to his religious duties and ever placing god before self. In the end, the Kushite grants mercy to all the rebel leaders, but refuses to treat face to face with three of the conquered kings because they are ritually impure: they are at once “eaters of fish” and uncircumcised…Once having crushed the uprising in Egypt he again set the agitators on their thrones in exchange for their fealty and tribute and then returned to his distant homeland, apparently showing little interest in direct rule of Egypt. (p.10) Piankhy died during 716 BC, and right after his death Lower Egypt rebelled against Ethiopian distant domination under the leadership of a son by Tefnakht. The brother of Piankhy, Shabaqo, marched north and defeated the Lower Egyptians. Shabaqo decided to make Egypt his home and took up permanent residence in Memphis. He 77 immediately set about trying to make anew Egypt’s decadent present into the image of her glorious past. He was greatly awed by the great works of the masters of the Old and Middle Kingdoms and encouraged the Egyptians to draw inspiration from their great past in order to rebuild a glorious Egypt. Around 690 BC Taharqo became the king of Egypt. During his rule a great flood took place in Egypt. However, instead of this flood being disastrous it killed all the rats and locusts instead, and a bumper harvest was the result of it. He held a thirty mile cross-country “marathon” that was run through the desert from Memphis to the Fayum. The contestants were the soldiers in his army, and he watched the entire race with great interest from horseback. The race was completed in five hours, being run at night to avoid the daytime sun. When the race was over he not only rewarded the winner but the losers as well because he liked the struggle performed for him. Kendall says of him, “A loving son, Taharqo at one point sent for his mother, resident in far-off Napata, to visit him, so that she could enjoy the sight of her son on the throne of Upper and Lower Egypt. (p.10) Before Taharqo’s rule, his predecessors and Shebitqo had conspired with Hezekiah, king of Judah, against the Assyrian empire. This angered the Assyrian king named Esarhaddon. Once the Assyrians had conquered Palestine, Esarhaddon had Egypt repeatedly attacked until Taharqo and his Ethiopian forces shamefully withdrew to Napata in 667 BC. The white Assyrian king 78 gloated from Egypt, “I tore up the root of Kush and not one there in escape to submit to me.” Taharqo’s nephew named Tanwetamani boldly invaded Egypt in 664 BC and ousted the Assyrians in a swift attack, but the new Assyrian king, Assurbanipal, went made with the desire for vengeance and sent a force of great size to retake Egypt. When the reports reached Tanwetamani about the great size of the Assyrian army, he fled to Napata to save himself. The Assyrians chased the Ethiopians as far as Thebes. At Thebes the Assyrians tuned on the Upper Egyptians and killed every man, woman, and child in the holy city and emptied the temples of their treasures and carried off the massive wealth to Nineveh. The massacre at Thebes sent resounding shock waves of sadness throughout the civilized world of the black humanity. Distant Africans from Zimbabwe to the Gold Coast mourned for the tragic deaths of their beloved racial kinship. The white Assyrians stayed in Egypt only a short time because they had to withdraw to protect their troubled home front. They left the white Psamtik as their surrogate king in Egypt. Psamtik ruled Egypt from 664 to 609 BC. During his reign the entire Egyptian military garrison at Elephantine deserted en masse to join their brothers to the south and to serve the Ethiopian king. Herodotus says on this. Now the Egyptians had been on guard for three years, and none came to relieve them; so taking counsel and making common cause, they revolted from Psammethicus [Psamtik] and went to
79 Ethiopia. Psammethicus heard of it and pursued after them; and when he overtook them he besought them with many words not to desert the gods of their fathers and their children and wives. Then one of them, so the story goes, said pointing to his manly parts, that wherever this should be they would have wives and children. (p.311) The Ethiopian king known as Senkamanisken granted the Egyptian garrison land and wives in the far southern part of his realm among a hostile Ethiopian population that often harassed his kingdom. As a result of the Egyptian garrison intermixing with this group of Ethiopians, they “learnt Egyptian customs and have become milder-mannered by intermixture with the Egyptians.” Around 591 BC Psamtik II attacked Ethiopia with an army composed of white Greek and Carian mercenaries. The first encounter was at a place called Pnub near the Third Cataract. The Ethiopian king was Aspelta. He met the advancing white force with a determined army, but the Ethiopian army was utterly defeated. Four thousand and two hundred Ethiopian soldiers were taken as captives and a great multitude of them lost their lives. Psamtik II was informed in Egypt that his troops “waded in Kushite blood as if it were water.” Psamtik’s army marched unopposed to Napata and sacked the city and temples. King Aspelta, along with his fleeing army and subjects, took refuge in Meroe three hundred miles away from Napata, and this city became the new capital of Ethiopia
80 The Ethiopians never again tried to set foot in Egypt after such a disastrous defeat at the hands of their white invaders as rulers.
Herodotus, VOLUME I, 1981.
TIMOTHY Kendall, KUSH; LOST KINGDOM OF THE NILE, 1982.
81 QUEEN TOMYRIS AND THE MASSAGETAE East of the Caspian Sea, west of modern-day Iran, and before the Caucasus Mountains in the large plain lived the Massagetae people. Around 600 BC many scattered black people and nations still existed in the Middle East, especially amongst protective mountains, despite very ruthless invasions by the Teutonic tribes from the north. One cannot say for certain that the Massagetae people were black because their primitive culture was both Teutonic and Ethiopian. However, in most likelihood they were a black or near black people because they worshipped the sun, allowed a woman to be head of the nation, and had a sexually promiscuous culture, which is very peculiar in Teutonic culture but commonplace in Ethiopian culture. Therefore, we claim the Massagetae as our own. Cyrus II was a powerful white Persian king who had conquered much of the Middle East. No nation was able to defeat him in war, and every nation he sought to conquer he conquered. During 529 BC, he sent an offer of marriage to Queen Tomyris, the ruler of the Massagetae. She coldly rejected his offer. King Cyrus became very angry and marched his powerful army to the Araxes river and openly prepared to attack her small nation situated in front of the Caucasus Mountains. Queen Tomyris sent a herald to him with the following warning: Cease, king of the Medes, from that on which you are intent; for you cannot know if the completion of this work will be to your advantage. Cease, and be king of your own country; and be patient to see
82 us ruling those whom we rule. But if you will not take counsel, and will do all rather than remain at peace, then if you so greatly desire to essay the strength of the Massagetae, do you quit your present labour of bridging the river, and suffer us to draw off three day’s journey from the Araxes; and when that is done, cross in our country. Or if you desire rather to receive us into your country, do then yourself withdraw as I have said. (p.259) Cyrus took counsel with his advisers and was instructed to allow Queen Tomyris and her army to enter his country. However, Croesus the Lydian persuaded Cyrus to enter her country because he feared that if Cyrus lost the war that he would also lose his empire, but if he lost in Tomyris’s country he only had to retreat to save himself, his army, and his nation. Croesus advised Cyrus to cross the Araxes to lay a trap for the Massagetae by setting up a camp near them with tasty food and unmixed wine and abandon the camp for the Massagetae to occupy and feast on the food and wine; for the Massagatae were very primitive and not accustomed to such good things. Croesus said to Cyrus, “For if I err not in my judgment, when the Massagatae see so many things will betake them to feasting thereon; and it will be for us to achieve mighty deeds.” Cyrus decided to follow Croesus’s plan and sent Croesus back to Persia with his son Cambyses, telling his son to treat Croesus well and to honor him should his life come to an end in the encounter. Cyrus then set his treacherous trap 83 and left behind a small host of useless Persian soldiers to guard the camp. A third of the Massagatae army attacked the camp and slew the Persians. “Then, seeing the banquet spread, when they had overcome their enemies they sat down and feasted, and after they had taken their fill of food and wine they fell asleep.” The Persians then attacked them and slew many and took many alive. Among those taken as captives was Sparagapises, the son of Queen Tomyris. When Queen Tomyris heard about what had happened to her army and her son, she sent a messenger to Cyrus with this message: Now therefore take this word of good counsel from me: give me back my son and depart unpunished from this country; it is enough that you have done despite to a third part of the host of the Massagetae. But if you will not do this, then I swear by the sun, the lord of the Massagetae, that for all you are so insatiate of blood, I will give you your fill thereof. (.267) Cyrus cared nothing for the message. But Sparagapises asked Cyrus to free him from his bonds, and his wish was granted. As soon as his hands were freed he quickly put his life to an end. When Queen Tomyris learned of her son’s death she gathered all her military power and went after the white Persians. The two forces met in war, and the fight was one of the stubbornest battles in human history. Herodotus says on the battle “…They shot at each other from a distance with arrows; presently, their arrows being all shot away, they rushed upon each other and fought at grips with their spears and their daggers; and for a 84 long time they battled foot to foot and neither would give ground; but at last the Massagetae had the mastery.” (p.268) The greater part of the Persian army was lost and Cyrus the Great was also killed in battle. Queen Tomyris sought Cyrus’s body among the dead Persians. When she found the body she cut off his head and placed his head into a bag made from animal skin filled with blood and insultingly said, “Though I live and conquer thee, thou hast undone me, overcoming my son by guile; but even as I threatened, so will I do, and give thee they fill of blood.” (p269)
Herodotus, VOLUME I, 1981.
85 QUEEN CANDACE AND THE ETHIOPIAN STAND AGAINST THE ROMANS Around 20 BC the white Romans had a vast empire. It controlled much of the North African coast, Egypt, and the Mediterranean Islands, and much of Southern Europe. The Roman Empire was by far the most demonic empire in antiquity. After it crushed the Carthaginian empire, it had a free reign to unleash its bloodcurdling horrors upon the white, brown, and black people under its ruthless domination. Under the satanic rule of a singular Roman emperor, Justinian, the Romans killed 100 million black Moors in North Africa alone. The Romans took over Egypt during 29 BC and posed a serious threat to the security of Ethiopia. The Romans were at war with Arabia and half the Roman force in Egypt left Egypt with General Aelius in order to war against the black Arabians, The Ethiopians, aware of this, swiftly attacked Upper Egypt and took Syene, Elephantine, and Philae. They enslaved the inhabitants and pulled down all the statues of Caesar. The Roman general known as Petronius countered attacked with less than ten thousand infantry and eight hundred cavalry against thirty thousand Ethiopians. The Romans were able to force the Ethiopians to retreat to the Ethiopian city of Pselchis. Petronis sent ambassadors to the city to demand what they had taken and to ask the reason why they had begun war. The Ethiopians said that they had been wronged by the Nome- rulers. Petronius responded that the Nome-rulers were not the rulers of the country but that Caesar
86 was and gave the Ethiopians three days to surrender, but when they did not surrender in three days he ruthlessly attacked the city. The Ethiopians left the city in order to meet the Romans. However, the Ethiopians were poorly armed for war. Strabo says on this, “…they had large oblong shields, and those too made of raw ox-hide, and as weapons some had only axes, others pikes, and others swords.” The Romans wore protective body armor and were heavily armed with advanced weaponry. The two forces fought and the Ethiopians were utterly defeated. Some of the Ethiopians were driven back into the city, others ran into the desert, and others found refuge on a neighboring island. The Romans captured all of the Ethiopians that fled and then they attacked Pselchis and captured it. Nearly all of the generals of Queen Candace were taken as captives by the Romans. The Romans then marched on Premnis, another fortified Ethiopian city, and easily took it on the first attack. Then Petronius and his military machine set out for Napata, the royal residence of Queen Candace. However, she was residing in a nearby village and her son was in the city. Queen Candace set ambassadors to Petronius “…to treat for friendship and offered to give back the captives and the statues taken from Syene.” Petronius ignored the message sent by Queen Candace and attacked Napata. He took the city and slaughtered many of its inhabitants and enslaved the rest. The Romans completely destroyed Napata, but the son of Queen Candace escaped the city and told his mother of their misfortune. 87 Queen Candace, “a masculine sort of woman and blind in one eye,” gathered a great army from the surrounding countryside in order to defeat the Romans. Petronius, upon learning about the great size of the advancing Ethiopian army, departed the Napata region. He returned to the city of Premnis and fortified the city better. He left a garrison of four hundred men with food to last for two years, and then headed for Alexandria with the rest of his force. Many of his Ethiopian captives died from disease and the rest were sold into slavery with one thousand being sent to Caesar as a gift. News soon reached Petronius that Queen Candace with her Ethiopian force, at least one hundred thousand strong, was marching on Premnis. He turned around and reached the fortified city of Premnis first and fortified the city even more with many sundry devices. When Queen Candace and her force reached Premnis the Romans were shocked at the massive number of Ethiopians surrounding the city with Queen Candace as their only general. Queen Candace was fully aware that the taking of the city would have resulted in a great loss of her men. Therefore, she decided to send ambassadors to Petronius to negotiate for peace. Strabo says on the negotiation, “He [Petronius] bade them go to Caesar; and when they asserted that they did not know who Caesar was or where they should have to go to find him, he gave them escorts; and they went to Samos, since Caesar was there…” (p.141) At Samos the Ethiopian embassy received everything that they wanted from Caesar because Caesar knew that the Romans were not prepared 88 to enter a protracted war with the Ethiopians. When the news reached Queen Candace that Caesar agreed to all her terms, she allowed Petronius and his Roman force to leave Premnis and Ethiopia unmolested. Then she returned to her humble hut in a small village after disbanding her great African force, wondering if her African race was going to long survive the onslaught by white heathens from the north.
Strabo, THE GEOGRAPHY OF STRABO VOLUME VIII, 1982.
The 3.5 million year old remains of Lucy.
Apes are not humans nor are humans apes.
Homo Erectus Remains and Facial Reconstructions
The Neanderthals modern human skull (left) Neanderthal skull (right)
The Bushman Race
The Bayaka (Pygmy) Race
The Jarawa People – the oldest continuous culture on earth: 70,000 plus years on the Andaman Island.
The Aeta people – the true natives of the Philippines.
True Ethiopians
Africa from the correct point of view…
Cave painting found in North Africa. Painted 12,000 BC. Thousands of these exist in North Africa, painted by black people.
A sample of Egyptian Hieratic writing. It is a true form of writing which predates Egyptian Hieroglyphs. In other words, it was being used before 3000 BC in Egypt by the common people. Menes – the first king of the United Egypt.
The Step Pyramid of Egypt
Ancient Pyramids of Ethiopia
First Reconstruction of King Tut…
Second reconstruction of King Tut…
Egyptian Pyramids at Giza.
Anwar Sadat – the last black president of Egypt. He was assassinated in 1981 by Muslim radicals while observing a parade.