5. ENFIELD’S 128 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 P P LACES 129 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 130 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 • • • corridor ofdevelopment. The listcomprises: which canbebroadly describedasaradial distinct urbanzoneswithinEn This sectionofthereportdescribesthree imprint onthearea. suburbs whichhave aprofound andlasting tube linesplaying amajorrole increating new elements suchastheconstructionofrailand the establishmentoflatercharacter, with origins andgrowth ofaplaceare crucialto of London. ofthe Ineachcasethe history characteristic ofthevillageoriginsmuch the variouslocations. This isadistinctive focal pointsandthenamesusedtodescribe and architecture, thestructure ofcentres and can beseeninthetypesofstreet pattern retain theirown identityandcharacter. This places may have coalescedover time, they still places withtheirown origins. Although these Rather, itisacollectionofseparateanddistinct Enfi ENFIELD’S PLACES eld isnotasinglehomogenousplace. straddle theborder withBarnet. Line stations andwhichinsomecases closely tothedevelopment ofthePiccadilly western sideoftheborough whichrelate of oldvillagesandlatersuburbs onthe Western Corridor –comprisingthecluster and Winchmore Hill; and promoted suburbsincludingPalmersGreen Enfi of settlementsonthehistoric route to Central Corridor –comprising the chain Cambridge Road; Valley and onthewestern sideby theGreat defi settlements alongtheoldHertford Road, Eastern Corridor –thehistoricchainof ned ontheeasternsideby theLee eld, laterreinforced by the railway which fi eld, eachof issues. across theborough andhighlightingparticular introducing characteroftheareas theparticular this approach provides ausefulframework for where boundariesbetween areas lie. However, interpretations ofwhatareas are calledand type defi dif It isvery the variousplacenamesused. places intheborough records andparticularly draws onthediscussionsaboutvarious across theborough. The planlaidouthere workshop withlocalstakeholders drawn from This elementofwork hasbeeninformed by a commercial areas andleisure uses. green belt, amixture offarmland, parkland, Finally, oftheurbanarea tothenorth lies blurring ofidentity. the formal borough boundary, leadingtoa corridor, areas suchasBoundsGreen overlap the areas toeitherside. As withthe Western the infl corridor whichcanbeapplied todescribe zones, there isalsoanoverlying east-west As acounterpointtotheseradialdevelopment Circularuence oftheNorth Roadon nitive, asthere willbemany different fi cult tomake any planofthis or civilproceedings. LondonBorough ofEn reproduction infringes Crown copyright andmay leadtoprosecution Of Her Majesty'sStationery permission ofOrdnance Survey onbehalfofthe Controller of This map isreproduced from Ordnance Survey materialwiththe fi ce ©Crown copyright. Unauthorised fi eld DENF003. eld 131 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 132 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 borough border. being rightonthe and Southgateinparticular a number ofsettlements, withCockfosters ofEn western boundary ofthe borough,As withthesouthernpart the Charles Holden’s iconicstations. war suburbsorientatedtowards thebeaconsof area isoflarge, generously proportioned inter- Southgate Green theprevailing characterofthe some remnants ofearly settlementssuchas in thewest ofEn taken asthenamefor thecollectionofplaces with thePiccadilly Line, andinthiscontextis inter-war years. Itismostcommonly associated outofLondoninthe which extendednorth suburbs has itsoriginsasanamefor thesmart and is atermwithlongandvariedhistory Metroland (oritsoriginal version, Metro-land) Overview WESTERN CORRIDOR fi eld. Although thisincludes fi eld isstraddled by or civilproceedings. LondonBorough ofEn reproduction infringesCrown copyright andmay leadtoprosecution Of Her Majesty'sStationery permission ofOrdnance Survey onbehalfoftheController of This map isreproduced from Ordnance Survey materialwiththe fi ce ©Crown copyright. Unauthorised fi eld DENF003. eld privacy andsecurity. treatments andgatestobeerected toprovide increasingly commonfor strong boundary with minimalfront boundaries, ithasbecome street characterwastraditionally relatively open increasingly largepseudo-mansions. Whilst the have developed andredeveloped aseriesof exploited over timeby individualowners who such as Totteridge inBarnet, thishasbeen large plots. As withothersimilarlocations onthemainroads,particularly hasledto very distinguishing feature isitslow density, which suburbwitha small centre.dormitory Itskey The modernHadley Wood isessentially a historic buildings. Hadley withitsimpressive parishchurch and settlement istotheeastofhistoricMonken post-war untillimitedby theGreen Belt. The in theinter-war periodandproceeded apace relatively sluggish, but picked upsignifi late Victorian andearly Edwardian periodwas of thestationin1885. Development inthe Hadleigh Wood hasitsoriginswiththeopening that oflargesuburbs. The mainsettlementof found inHadley typology The primary Wood is HADLEY WOOD cantly station. is theninestorey of exception totheotherwisesuburbancharacter and sohaseasyaccesstothestreet. A notable has thedistinctionofbeingendline, to Oakwood tubestation. Cockfosters station which spanalmostalltheway from Cockfosters by theextensive sidingsfor thePiccadilly Line, edgeofCockfosters isde The northern which helpstocreate acohesive whole. within alimitedpaletteofmaterialsanddetails the buildingsthemselves are generally variations dwelling sizestendtobefairly regular, whilst classic inter-war development. Plotand Away from themain street thesuburbs are shops and tube stationandtheparadesofthree storey characterised by the1933Holden-designed Chief) Forester -theplace today ismainly name isbelieved torefer totheCock(or -the origins backtotheearly 16thCentury in Barnet. Although Cockfosters cantraceits the borough boundary, withasigni and classicsuburbs. Cockfosters straddles Cockfosters area are thoseofMetroland centre typologiesfound inthe The primary COCKFOSTERS fl ats whichlineCockfoster’s Road. fi ce blockclosetothetube fi cant part part cant fi ned 133 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 134 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 ‘Festival ofBritain’infl elements ofthemetalwork hintatamodern slender concrete porches andlintelsaswell as garden cityin post-war publichousing. This shows adistinct of Highlands North Village is anarea ofearly Highlands Village essentially suburbanandnow referred toas the street patternandoverall compositionis area character.the conservation However, late Victorian hospitalbuildingswhichde the sitein1993. The area retains many ofthe developed for housingfollowing thesaleof site oftheformer HighlandsHospital, recently South-east oftheSouthLodgeEstateis Crafts-infl alongside themore conventional and Arts glass baymotifs suchascurving windows Laings, andfeatures asubtlemixofmoderne inter-war suburb. Itwasbuiltinthe1930sby borough’s bestexamplesofthequintessential Lodge Estateprovides perhaps oneofthe Of thevariousareas withinOakwood, South was establishedby En Holden) openedin1933, whilstOakwood Park Second World War. The tubestation(againby suburbs builtover theperiodstraddling the Oakwood isessentially acollectionoflarge are Metroland centre andclassicsuburbs. typologiesfound inOakwoodThe primary OAKWOOD uenced designs. fl uence, but features suchas uence. fi eld Councilin1927. fi ne area. effectively ofthe form thesouthernboundary town centre. Broom the western tipofwhichalmostreaches the bene fi particularly landscaped toahighspeci suburban housing, includingsomedesignedand character, butisdominatedby classicinter-war corridor, Southgate offers somemixof Like theothersuburbanareas inthewestern of buildingsfacingontoasmallgreen. tube station, whichfeatures anattractive group historic core ofSouthgatetothesouth Georgian style. now isthe Rathersecondary shops, mostly packagedinarestrained neo- with atleasttwo generous storeys above the The shoppingstreet itselfisclearandstrong, terminal feature for themainshoppingstreet. characterfulandcreatesparticularly astrong Holden’s tube andbusstationfor Southgateis than Enfi proportion ofitscatchmentisinBarnetrather edge oftheborough, meaningthatasigni the moderncentre isalsolocatedclosetothe the tubestationin1933. Like Cockfosters, suburban expansionfollowing theopeningof inter-war periodofdevelopment, withrapid modern Southgateowes mosttothelate suburbs. As withOakwood andCockfosters, Metroland centre, suburban typologiesfound inSouthgateareThe primary Southgate Green SOUTHGATE eld. ts from Grovelands Park, fi eld Parkand Arnos Park fi cation. Southgate fl ats andclassic fi cant 135 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 136 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 subject ofanew masterplan. the Borough’s PlaceShaping Priority Areas and responsibilities for thearea. Itisnow oneof may have suffered inthepastfrom thedivided boroughs, Barnet, En areas. Italsoliesatthejunctionofthree potential for integrationwiththesurrounding infrastructure,of transport greatly reducing the The area isheavily constrainedby theimpact rise andhigh-risepost-warhousing. Victorian Villas amongstexamplesofbothlow- a jumbledandfragmentedcharacter, including development whichhave followed, thearea has As aconsequenceofthisandmany layers of the openingofNew SouthgateStationin1850. earlier elementsofdevelopment, sparked by places alongthePiccadilly lineithassigni lie ontheborough boundary. Unlike other railway lineonthewestern side, whichalso Circular onthesouth-eastern sideandthe defi Southgate isawedge oftheurbanarea whichis are free-form estatesandclassicsuburbs. New typologiesfound inNew Southgate The primary Arnos Grove NEW SOUTHGATE ned by Arnos Parkinthenorth, theNorth fi eld andHaringey andso fi cant KEY ISSUES- WESTERN CORRIDOR Street greenery micro-climate ofthearea. character anddenudes thebiodiversity/ to provide parking. This results inlossof the pressure onstreet andgarden areas and Cockfosters are underthreat dueto classic suburbsofOakwood, Southgate between these, thegreen spacesinthe in lack ofgreenery Arnos Grove. In Hadley Wood tothealmostcomplete from thegenerous coverage insemi-rural in thewestern corridor variessigni The typeandquantityofstreet greenery Key issues may bene fi trees andplantingare lessinevidence Grove andNew Southgatewhere street sustainable drainage. Areas such as Arnos betterbiodiversitychange andsupport and to mitigateagainsttheeffects ofclimate and shouldbeprotected. This willhelp to thequalityandcharacteroftheseareas gardens makes asigni Street trees, verges andplantinginfront Implications landscape, andremoval ofstreet clutter. for improvements tobothhard andsoft varies across thecorridor, withscope greening. The quality ofthepublicrealm for generalenhancementand opportunities public realm shouldbeexplored toidentify greening. The role ofboththeprivate and t from investment instreet fi cant contribution cant fi cantly, Low densitysuburbs grain andcharacterofthe areas. this canbeachieved whilstprotecting the Consideration shouldbe given astohow improve themixof accommodationonoffer. nodesto around andservice transport mix ofunittypesandagreater density This couldincludetheprovision ofagreater sustainability ofthelow densitysuburbs. be soughttogradually improve the andstrategiesshould Opportunities Implications car-orientated.consequence beingvery sustain anattractive busnetwork andasa less sustainable, beingdif means thattheseareas are prone tobeing provide amore mixed community. Italso of smallerhousesand homogeneity itcanmeanthatthere isalack housing. Whilst thisgives themapleasing low densityandare dominatedby family Large areas ofthewestern corridor are Key issues fl ats whichwould fi cult placesto Large suburbs realm. buildings retain arelationship withthepublic been shown inafew examplessothatthe approach tosecurityandprivacythanhas also beuseful, encouragingamore moderate whole. Guidanceonfront boundariesmay that they contributemore positively tothe the scaleandcharacterof new buildings so guidance may alsobehelpfulinmoderating design qualitycanbefound. Cleardesign potentially protect thosewhere genuine of largesuburbanhousestoidentifyand the existingstockofbuildingsinareas Consideration shouldbegiven toevaluating Implications becoming a ‘zoo’ ofgrandsuburban styles. of historicorperiodidentityandinstead but continuous change, losingany sense results inaplacewhichexperiencesgradual to suitthetastesofeachowner. This heavily modifi where itiscommonfor buildingstobe demand for plotsoutstripssupply and as largesuburbs. These are areas where Hadleyparticularly Wood, are categorized Areas ofthewestern corridor, and Key issues ed orcompletely redeveloped Sense ofplace community cohesion. ties anddoesnotcreate astrong senseof build strong community identitiesand potential riskfrom thisisthatitmay not in amore traditionalurbanstructure. The an identifi lack thesenseofacohesive wholearound these have arecognisable characterthey between more establishedcentres. Whilst neighbourhoods whichhave Oakwood iseffectively aseriesofsuburban others like Oakwood lackade have aclearandidenti Whilst someareas inthewestern corridor Key issues and socialactivities. clearly defi of thestructure ofthearea withmore exercise couldhelptobuildagreater sense Oakwood relate toeachother. ofthis Part in whichthevariousdistinctareas of Consideration couldbegiven totheway Implications ed focus intheway thatisfound ned focal pointsfor commercial fi able senseofplace, fi lled thespace fi ned centre. Lack ofmixed use western corridor. proportion ofitsactivitieswithinthe estate andmay move orcloseasigni time, Middlesex University isreviewing its distancefroma short home. At thesame will notbeabletofi the majorityofpeoplelivinginarea across theborder inBarnet, itmeansthat business areas suchasBrunswick Park Whilst thisismitigatedtoadegree by offi signifi entirely residential development withfew The western corridor comprisesalmost Key issues University fi of any campusspacewhichMiddlesex development, perhaps takingadvantage for employmentbe toidentifyopportunities sustainability ofthewestern corridor may One approach toimproving thelongterm Implications ce spaceorindustrialdevelopment. cant employment areas, eitherfor nd surplustorequirements. nd employment within fi cant 137 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 138 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 hinterland tothetown. gradually coalescedtocreate thesuburban village orhamletoriginsbutwhichhave of neighbourhoods, many ofwhichhave early To ofEn thenorth suburbs . a legacyofattractive Victorian andEdwardian a new vigour inearly suburbangrowth, leaving together thehistoriccentres butalsosparked reinforced by therailway linewhichlinked arriving inEnfi Green, Winchmore HillandBush Green before toPalmers continuing north through Islington, Newington Green and Wood route whichoriginates intheCityandpasses the maindestinationfor ameanderinghistoric absorbed intothewiderconurbation. Itis town characterwhilstbeingalmostcompletely settlements toretain astrong historic market Greater Londonarea, beingoneofthefew Enfi Overview CENTRAL CORRIDOR eld Town specialwithinthe isparticularly eld. This historicchainwaslater fi eld town isacollection or civilproceedings. LondonBorough ofEn reproduction infringesCrown copyright and may leadtoprosecution Of Her Majesty'sStationery permission ofOrdnance Survey onbehalfoftheController of This map isreproduced from Ordnance Survey materialwiththe fi ce ©Crown copyright. Unauthorised fi eld DENF003. eld open tothepublic. houses alocalmuseum, whilstthegrounds are Lord Mayor ofLondon. The buildingtoday Raynton, awealthy Londonhaberdasher and built in1629-32andwas hometoSirNicholas signifi was identifi Of allthebuildingsinborough, Hall Forty River. by therailway andontheeastby theNew a continuous urbanarea, boundedonthewest development hasin- the shape ofthestreets andbuildings, later remains andleaves asigni Although much ofthishistoriccharacter diffi varied placenamesacross thearea whichare these fragmentedoriginsthere are agreat many to somany Victorian suburbs. As aresult of but lackingtheintensive development common settlements interspersedby late Victorian periodshow itasacollectionof hinterland ofEn described here Hillisthenorthern asForty pre-victorian residential. The area whichis Hill area are classicsuburbs, institutionsand typologiesfound intheForty The primary Street //ChaseSide Willow Estate Hill//GordonForty Hill//Clay Hill//Baker FORTY HILL Places cult tomap conclusively. cant houseinextensive grounds was ed asoneofthemostvalued. This fi eld Town. The maps from the fi lled substantially tocreate fi cant markon fi elds andorchards elevated ground. visible from somedistance, being onslightly towers alongCedarRoad. These are clearly rise housesthere isagroup ofbulkyresidential Whilst mostofthearea ischaracterisedby low advantage ofthelargersiteareas available. been taken over by fl large plotsofland. Inmany casesthishasnow these routes low wasvery densityhousingin heading west. The originaldevelopment along to Potters BarandSladesHill/En area includingtheRidgeway, headingnorthwest Historic routes de Chase whichgives itsnametothelocalstation. the railway linefrom Enfi as amajorinstitionandoccupier. West of also asigni and classicsuburbs. ChaseFarmHospitalis area are suburban typologiesfound intheRidgewayThe primary Frog Bottom Enfi RIDGEWAY eld Chase//Farm World’s End// fi cant infl cant fi fl ne thecharacterof uence onlocalcharacter ats, street-based estates atted development taking eld Town isEnfi fi eld Road eld eld 139 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 140 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 Town, butisausefullandmark. out ofscaleincomparisontotherest ofEn twelve storey tower. This buildingissomewhat distinct elementsofalow slabblockanda is theCouncil’s CivicCentre, comprisingtwo One ofthemostsigni a signifi which hashelpedEnfi storey carparksandanew retail development of theHighStreet includestwo largemulti- sideofthetown theareanorthern tothesouth By contrastwiththehistoriccharacterof ofthetownimmediately centre. tothenorth School occupiesasigni area ofGentlemen’s Row. En historic parishchurch andtheattractive historic the town centre includesamarket square, the scale. Although somewhat dominatedby traf with agreat dealofcharmandanattractive marketretains thecharacterofacountry town urban area ofgreater London, En institutions. Despitebeingabsorbedintothe Town are historiccentre, urbancentre and typologiesfound inEn The primary Enfi ENFIELD TOWN eld Town //Gentlemen’s Row cant shoppingdestinationinthearea. eld toretain itsappeal as fi cant buildingsinEn fi cant area ofland fi eld Grammar eld fi eld Town fi eld fi eld fi eld fi c designation whichcentres on Wellington Road. recognised area intheextensive conservation of keyand Craftstheimportance areas is of buildingstylesfrom Baroque revival to Arts Course inthewest. Itcontainsawidevariety Road intheeasttoBushHillParkGolf suburb stretching from theGreat Cambridge planned development isamature andattractive London EstatesCompany. The legacyofthis 1880 andwaslargely developed by theNorth the constructionofBushHillParkstationin wasgreatlynineteenth century stimulated by Bush HillParkHouse. Itsgrowth inthelate on whathadbeenthefarmlandsurrounding Hill Parkisaplanned Victorian Estatebuilt are classicsuburbsandurbanterraces. Bush typologiesfound inBushHill The primary Bush Hill//Park BUSH HILL Ridings is a conservation area.Ridings isaconservation the eastcomprising The ChineandOldPark located closetothestationwhilstarea to area asclassicsuburbs. A smalllocalcentre is and combinewiththebuildingstode generously proportioned withverges andtrees semi-detached form. Mostofthestreets are low densityofdevelopment inpredominantly interwar periodandfeatures aconsistently of therailway. Itislargely aproduct ofthe owes mostofitsexistencetothearrival Park isanotherexampleofasettlementwhich are classicsuburbsandlargesuburbs. Grange typologiesfound inGrangePark The primary GRANGE PARK fi ned the ned Fernleigh Road. site oftheformer cricket ground of north A largefood store hasbeendeveloped onthe suburban houseswithadistinctcharacter. Green. Along Broad Walk area asetoflarge of Edwardian southPalmers terraces further noted contrasttothemore regimented streets streets ofsemi-detachedhouses in curving classic suburbandevelopment. These are gently areas. In areLane tothenorth bothconservation The areas around thegreen and Vicars Moor shops. development, terraces of withset-piececurving centre isessentially aplannedtwentieth century the mainroute upto En distance eastoftherailway linesisGreen Lanes, focussed around aslopingvillage green. A short historic centre istothewest ofthestation area inthatithasmore thanonecentre. The large suburbs. Winchmore Hillisanunusual Hill are historiccentre, classicsuburbsand typologiesfound in The primary Winchmore WINCHMORE HILL fi lling around thesehistoricareas is fi eld Town.later This 141 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 142 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 Ecclesbourne Gardens. streets suchasPalmerstonCrescent and leaving asomewhat poorly de Circular, oftheNorth distancenorth a short Green andeffectively breaks theurbanform the easternandsouthernsidesofPalmers oftheNewcurve River whichwraps around effective ofthearea isthe easternboundary signifi has yet toberepaired. This wasidenti house hassuffered extensive the garden isopentothepublicasapark Park, asigni To thewest ofPalmersGreen liesBroom and greater densityofactivity. the town centre, withastrong mixture ofuses is visibleinthemore obviousurbannature of development headingsouth from En east ofGreen Lanes. The gradualintensityof areas ofinterwarhousing, tothe particularly and semi-detachedhousingadditional suburb withacore ofEdwardian terraces terraces. PalmersGreen isanattractive early are Metroland centre, classicsuburbsandurban typologiesfound inPalmersGreenThe primary PALMERS GREEN cant losstothecharacterofarea. The fi cant houseandgarden. Whilst fi fi re damageand ned area around fi eld town eld fi ed asa fi eld the neighbourhood. play ofde theirpart Pymme’s Brook andtheNew River may also Circular.North However, otheredgessuchas Bowes Parkfeels mostobviously tobethe ofBoundsGreen/ boundary The northern relates more closely toHaringey thantoEn much abouttheway inwhichthislocation to namethestation Wood Greensays North 1932. The factthatitwasoriginally considered design for thePiccadilly Line, andopenedin Bounds Green tubestationisanotherHolden of relatively tightly packed late Victorian houses. which initiatedthedevelopment ofaloosegrid development wasBowes Parkrailway station is actually inHaringey. The originalfocus for totheextentthatitscentreborough boundary Bowes Parkisanarea whichoverlaps the Bowes Parkisurbanterraces. BoundsGreen/ found inBoundsGreen typology / The primary BOUNDS GREEN/BOWES PARK fi ning thereal extentsof fi eld. Classic suburbs KEY ISSUES-CENTRALCORRIDOR previously designed asagroup. charm, where particularly thehouseswere can gradually denude streets oftheir as timberwork andstainedglasswindows to maintain. Lossoforiginaldetailingsuch detailing whichcanbecostly and dif more elaborateanddecorative timber or brick, Edwardian housingtypically has tends tohave externaldetailingofstone street. Unlike Victorian housingwhich to lossofconsistentcharacterwithina These Edwardian suburbsare vulnerable Implications railway line. and modernityasonemoves upthe north gradually improving inquality, spaciousness subtly, indesignand density very These vary show astrong andCraftsin Arts attractive Edwardian streets, someofwhich but includingasubstantialbodyofvery to early interwarsemisinthenorth from late Victorian terraces inthesouth collection ofgood mature suburbs, ranging The centralcorridor containsastriking Key issues fl uence. fi cult Street greenery and therequirement for permeablesurfaces. the restriction offront garden conversion paved front gardens /parkingareas through scope toreduce therunoffcreated by sustainable drainage. There ispotentially betterbiodiversitychange andsupport and to mitigateagainsttheeffects ofclimate and shouldbeprotected. This willhelp to thequalityandcharacteroftheseareas gardens makes asigni Street trees, verges andplantinginfront Implications biodiversity/micro-climate. effect onboththevisualappearance andthe removal orreduction canhave a signi contribution tothecharacteroftheseareas, the streets andgardens makes asigni maintenance overheads. As the planting in to create spacefor parkingandtoreduce onthestreetgreenery orinfront gardens there iscontinued pressure toremove of theirlatercounterpointstothewest and generally tighterplotsthansome trees. However, having ahigherdensity corridor feature grassverges and/orstreet A number ofthesuburbsinCentral Key issues fi cant contribution cant fi fi cant cant Historic identity as anhistoriclandmark. itsongoingviable new role usetosupport example ofsuchabuildingwhichneeds key anchoruse. Southgate Town Hallisan on thelocalcentre whicheffectively losta in Enfi were lostasthey were drawn together borough ofEn of themetropolitan boroughs tocreate the of theexistingborough. With themerging and civicfunctionsbefore theestablishment historically acentre for localadministration As withothersuburbs, PalmersGreen was Key issues could relate tocivicorculturalfacilities. centres withinthecentralcorridor. This the characterandrole ofthehistoric shouldbesought to bolster Opportunities Implications eld. This losshadadenuding effect fi eld someofthesefunctions Suburban fl neighbourhoods. by increasing thedensityofexisting it couldbesaidtohave abene in thelossofgrainandcharacter, although and redevelopment ofbuildingshasresulted with traffi sites alongkey routes whichare now busy grounds andare oftenthemore historic featured largefamily housesingenerous typically found inareas whichwould have to provide fl Town have seensigni thesuburbsclosertoEn particularly Some areas ofthecentralcorridor, and Key issues neighbourhoods. out ofscale and keeping withexisting of plotswhichintroduce buildings avoiding obviouslarge-scale amalgamations the historicgrainandstreetscape ofareas, this nature couldbeguidedtobetterretain be given toways inwhich development of access.transport Considerationshould also is locatedclosetoshops, andpublic services where thenew higherdensitydevelopment However, thisapproach ismostappropriate and helptomeetmodernhousingneeds. way toimprove thelong termsustainability of olderbuildingsmay beanappropriate neighbourhoods through redevelopment Gradual intensifi Implications c. Amalgamation ofproperties ats atted developments. These are cation ofexisting fi cant redevelopment cant fi cial effect cial fi eld 143 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 144 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 along theurban edge. and theindustrial areas which have grown up reinforced by Meridian Way/Mollison Avenue which wascreated by therailway isnow between theurbanarea andtheLee Valley changed signi The easternborder ofthearea hasalso way as the historicroute. edge ratherthanthecentral spineinthesame Hertford Roadbutwhichacts asabarrier or to supersedeoralleviate thetraf large dualcarriageway which wasanattempt be defi The western border ofthecorridor cannow outfromurbanisation further thecitycentre. there would normally beagradualreduction in interesting inthewiderLondoncontextwhere corridor makes ofEn thispart Enfi The presence ofthehistoricindustrialarea at growth around En alsostimulated signi Factory whilst thelocationofRoyal Small Arms facilitated thedevelopment ofearly suburbs offset toeithersideoftheHertford Road around crossroads. The arrival ofrailway lines development alongthehistoricroute, focussed The early settlementoriginsare largely ribbon Thames. route linkingHertford withLondonandthe for centuriesprovided movement animportant Navigation and whichalsoruns north-south Ermine Street. ItliesparallelwiththeLea pattern, ittakes thesamejourney astheRoman the modernroad does notfollow the historic historic route for many centuries, andalthough The A1010 corridor hasbeenanimportant Overview EASTERN CORRIDOR eld Lockandassociatedhousingalongthe ned astheGreat CambridgeRoad, a

fi cantly over time. The barrier fi eld Lock. fi cant housing cant fi eld particularly particularly eld fi c ontheold or civilproceedings. LondonBorough ofEn reproduction infringesCrown copyright and may leadtoprosecution Of Her Majesty'sStationery permission ofOrdnance Survey onbehalfoftheController of This map isreproduced from Ordnance Survey materialwiththe fi ce ©Crown copyright. Unauthorised fi eld DENF003. eld the Lee Valley. site oftheformer Royal Small in Arms Factory stands isolated asmoderndevelopment onthe employment andresidential areas. En Academy School astheinterfacebetween the also asofterblendofuses, includinganew to many oftheolderemployment areas and high qualitylandscape treatment compared area ofthe urban area. inthenorth Ithasa Innova Parkisanew businessandenterprise western endofOrdnance Road. clusters oftowers atEast areas ofmore moderndevelopment, including Lane orsouthof Albany Park. There are some typifi likely tofi south around En spreading intosmallinter-war suburbs. Further characterised by Victorian terraces, gradually area around En inclusion ofafood store andparking. The Wash where the frontage isbroken by the above, butthere are examplessuchasEn traditional shopunitswithaccommodation The predominant characterisnarrow the road. substantial andwell de the mainroad, becomingprogressively more are thekey historicsettlementcores along Freezywater, Enfi names suchasFreezywater and Turkey Street. into oneanother, butstillretain evocative a collectionofsettlementswhichhave merged oftheEasterncorridor is part The northern Highway are Garden Cityandurbanterraces. typologiesfound inEn The primary Enfi Freezywater // Turkey Street //En ENFIELD WASH/HIGHWAY eld Highway //BullsmoorInnova ed by thearea southofCarterhatch nd plannedpublicsectorestates, fi eld Wash andEn eld Wash andEn fi eld Highway oneismore fi ned headingsouthalong fi eld Roadandthe fi // eld Lock fi fi eld Lockis eld Highway eld fi

eld Wash/ fi eld Island eld fi eld 145 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 146 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 the siteofformer factories. large development ofrelatively modern considered tobewithinBrimsdown includesa housing tothewest oftherailway lineswhichis which isatgrade. The relatively smallarea of the residential area andthebusinessarea provides oneofthefew connectionsbetween of Green Street viaalevel crossing which access andconnectswiththeeasternend parallel totherailway linetoprovide general processes. Mollison Avenue runsnorth-south including largesitesandheavy industrial development totheeastof therailway line predominantly characterisedby industrial is largescaleindustry. Brimsdown is found inBrimsdown typology The primary BRIMSDOWN fl ats on ats University siteandtheHigh Street. including sites suchastheformer Middlesex growth isplanned inPonders End generally, for aplannedacademy development. Major lie former gasholderswhichare now thesite including four residential towers. To thesouth area ofrelatively rundown publichousing to theCity. However, itshinterland isalarge End stationprovides analternative connection At theeasternendofSouth Street, Ponders werewhen theReservoirs constructed. fl in Enfi Wrights FlourMill, theoldest industrialbuilding immediate vicinity. To theeastofraillineis the presence oftwo largesupermarkets inthe centre ofPonders Endissomewhat dilutedby andaccess.retaining service The historic to have apositive street frontage whilst industrial andbusinessspacecanbedesigned such asQueensway whichdemonstratehow industrial areas canbefound includingexamples To theeastofstation, interesting older locations suchasCrown Road. continue away tosurvive from themainroad in higher landvaluesfor retail uses. Industrialuses high degree ofvisibilityandtherefore attracting onto theGreat CambridgeRoadoffering a industrial usetoleisure andretail withfrontages Cambridge Roadisanarea stillintransitionfrom area StationandtheGreat between Southbury areas ofindustrialuseaswell asretail parks. The considerable quantityofhousing, there are large types withstrong zoning. Although there isa area whichcontainsanumber ofdistincturban estates. Ponders Endisarelatively complex are Garden City, urbanterraces andfree-form typologiesfoundThere inPonders primary End PONDERS END ow oftheLeebutwasconverted toelectricity eld. The millwasoriginally powered by the recently beencleared. Morson Road, althoughmuch ofthis has industrialdevelopmentincludes further around ofthePickett’s part The northern lockarea south. andapproximatelyto thenorth 700mtothe line. The nearest crossings are over akilometre presented by Meridian Way andtherailway the nearby residential area duetothebarrier oftheborougheastern part itisisolatedfrom of themostsigni Athletics Centre. Whilst thisrepresents one course andcaravan park, andtheLee Valley cinema withafew other associateduses, agolf focal pointfor leisure includingamultiplex east ofPonder’s EndisPickett’s Lock, now a are Lee Valley andlargescaleindustry. To the typologiesfound inPickett’sThe primary Lock PICKETT’S LOCK fi cant leisure resources inthe subject oflongtermregeneration plans. The CentralLeesidearea ispresently the pedestrians. by carandpresents ahostileenvironment for the area isextremely complicatedtonavigate infrastructure andgradeseparatedcrossings As aconsequenceofthelargelevels ofhighway open area ofPickett’s Locktothenorth. and limitspotentialfor encroachment intothe Treatment works separatestheindustrialuses the industrialarea. The DeephamsSewage brands amongstthecompaniesremaining in Coca Colaisoneofthelargestandbestknown carpet salesandtradesuchasScrew development withaclusteroffurniture and less accessible, hasalsoseenapushfor retail Circularthe North Road, which is somewhat Mothercare andothers. sideof The northern location for largestores suchas Tesco, Wicks, including Ikea andalsomadeitafavoured accessibility by carhasattractedlargeretailers The combinationofhighvisibilityand pressure for retail andleisure development. Circularthe North Roadhave facedincreasing to alocationonmainroad, theareas fronting industrial landwhichhave ahighvisibilitydue retail andleisure. As withotherareas of andbigboxLeeside are largescaleindustry typologiesfound inCentral The primary CENTRAL LEESIDE fi x. 147 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 148 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 Hyde Estatefrom theearly 1920s. Beacons good qualitypublicsectorestates, including the and interwarhousingaswell asanumber of from agood stockofprivately built Victorian Circular. Otherbuildingsin thearea range ofthejunctionwith theNorth and justnorth Road ofStMartins along Hertford Roadnorth the area withattractive terraces stillpresent historicallegacyin evidence oftheimportant To andsouthofEdmontonthere thenorth is indoor market. includes areas ofcovered shoppingandalarge development inresidential towers. The centre interchange andahighdensityofresidential area, withlargerorder shopping, atransport Edmonton Green istheprincipalcentre for the into anumber ofhistorically distinctareas. Eastern Corridor isEdmonton, whichdivides free-form estates. ofthe The southernpart urban centre, urbanterraces, Garden Cityand typologiesfound inEdmontonareThe primary Edmonton Lower Edmonton//Green //Upper EDMONTON fi eld Estatefrom the1950sand area ofCommercial Road. Middlesex Hospitalandtheindustrial North of tallresidential blocks. To thewest liesthe late Victorian tointerwaraswell asanumber surrounded by terraced housingrangingfrom of thestreet atthislocation. The centre is Road, emphasisedby therelative narrowness This isabustlingcentre alongtheHertford ofEdmontonfrompart Angel Edmonton. created circular by thenorth dividesthelarger and largescaleindustry. The deepincision Edmonton are linearcentre, urbanterraces typologiesfound in The primary Angel ANGEL EDMONTON KEY ISSUES-EASTERNCORRIDOR itrcrueBrir Erosion ofindustrial development Barriers Historic route particular groupparticular value. focal pointsor which haveas important road, thosebuildingswhichact particularly built fabricalongtheentire lengthofthe scope toconsiderthehistoric valueofthe distinct identities. There may alsobefurther concentrated andenergetic centres with outer extentoftheexisting areas tocreate managed topositive effect, reducing the with oneanotherthisissue couldbe issues isthepotentialfor centres tomerge residential. Given thatoneofthekey conversion totheotherusesincluding empty shopsandpotentialfor piecemeal the Hertford Roadare struggling, leaving As withmany linearcentres, thosealong Implications the wholecorridor. enhancement ofthehistoriccharacter there protection isscopefor further and recognised area bydesignation, conservation historic builtfabricinthearea. Whilst this is some ofthemostsigni and commerce. The Hertford Road includes functionasacentreimportant for activity still carries ahighlevel oftraf today’s town centres. Although theroute settlement patternswhichgave riseto the area andisthefocus for thehistoric The Hertford Roadprovides thespineof Key issues fi cant elementsof fi c, an itserves identities oftheplacesand neighbourhoods. integration whilstalsocelebrating the of boundariesbetween areas topromote should alsobemadeto blur theperceptions link toareas suchasPickett’s Lock. Efforts better qualityenvironments, to particularly tocrossopportunities butalsocreating This shouldincludecreating more created by themajorroads andrailways. explored toreduce thebarrier effect Wherever possibleoptionsshouldbe Implications social cohesionandintegration. establish asenseofinsularitywhichaffects and openspacebutalsobecauseitcan isolates communities from services, centres side oftheborough intermsoftheway it This hasasigni uses. and sometimesdistinctseparationofland There are few crossings, littleactive frontage Way actassigni the Great CambridgeRoadandMeridian is thespineofcommunities itserves, By contrastwiththeHertford Roadwhich Key issues fi cant effect ontheeastern fi cant barriers tomovement. industrial areas. beingallowedsuch asgo-karting tofragment counter retail, selfstorageandleisure uses use continuing andotherusessuchastrade is likely tocontinue, withpressure for retail Circular.Cambridge RoadandNorth This areas toretail development alongtheGreat some time, withthelossofformer industrial has beenundercontinued pressure for amount ofindustrialandbusinessusethis Although thearea stillcontainsasigni Key issues borough. the qualityofemployment landinthe employment toimprove andmaintain higher skillssetsand intensityof land andtopromote useswhichcanattract should besoughttoproject employment deprivation inthiscorridor. Strategies stable communities andreduce levels of the future tocreate afoundation for and sustainwell-paid employment in There isaneedfor strategiestocreate Implications fi cant Tall buildings Public sectorhousing lack shops, links. andtransport services appropriate inwholly residential areas which centres suchasEdmontonthey may beless Whilst they play ahelpfulde of tallbuildingsintheEasterncorridor. Consideration shouldbegiven totherole Implications nodes.and transport terms oflocationandproximity tocentres buildings are residential in butthey vary of thetallbuildingsinEn The Easterncorridor containsthemajority Key issues ethos andprotect theircharacter. publicly builtestates, promote theirdesign recognise thevalueofbetter quality shouldbesoughtto Opportunities Implications privately-built properties ofsimilar vintage. residentshousing whichcanserve aswell as many casesrepresent well proportioned ofthearea andin social andurbanhistory identity. ofthe These arepart animportant a strong senseoftheiroverall designand sector housingareas, many ofwhichretain There are anumber ofsigni Key issues fi eld. Mostofthese fi fi cant public cant ning role for 149 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 150 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 with therest oftheirborough. integrate thecommunities south oftheroad a betterpedestrianenvironment andhelpto across Circular. theNorth This would provide advantageous toimprove pedestrianlinks In bothcases, itwould bedistinctly environment. provides amuch more pedestrianfriendly limiting thecapacity and active frontage. Whilst thishastheeffect of character, withshopsandbusinessesproviding Green Lanes, theroad ismore street-based in In thewesternofborough, part west of movement. or cyclistsandishenceasigni gives littleby way ofprioritytopedestrians character suitstheneedsofmotorist, but separated roundabouts andfaster The easternpart, withitslargercapacity, grade- oftheborough.part street-based road whichisfound inthewestern Edmonton and Angel Edmontonandtheearlier motorway-style road whichrunsbetween its length, rangingfrom themore modern It hasdistinctareas ofdifferent characteralong a naturalborough boundary. areas andalmosttakes tothenorth therole of Bowes Parkand Angel Edmontonfrom the ofEn southern part CircularThe North hasamajoreffect onthe NORTH CIRCULAR fi eld. Iteffectively separates fl ow oftheroad it fi cant barrier to fl owing or civilproceedings. LondonBorough ofEn reproduction infringesCrown copyright andmay leadtoprosecution Of Her Majesty'sStationery permission ofOrdnance Survey onbehalfoftheController of This map isreproduced from Ordnance Survey materialwiththe fi ce ©Crown copyright. Unauthorised fi eld DENF003. eld • • • Key issues surrounding areas ofdevelopment. terms ofairqualityandnoiseonthe The road hasasigni eastern sideoftheborough. in thegrade-separatedsectionson noticeable although thisisparticularly major barrier topedestriansandcyclists, The road initsvarious forms presents a ofEn boundary be regarded astheeffective southern the borough, andfor many peoplemay a majorbreak intheurbanfabricof CircularThe North Roadrepresents fi eld. fi cant impactin • • • Implications where ithasahard, urbancharacter. oftheboroughin theeasternpart the visualimpactofroad, particularly landscaping shouldbereviewed tosoften Potential for tree plantingandother linkages across theroad. should beconsidered toimprove Wherever possible, new connections environment. and toenhancethepedestriancycle borough toimprove the inthewesternparticularly halfofthe improvements are beingmade, to beamajorbarrier. However, CircularThe North Roadwillcontinue fl ow oftraf fi c 151 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 152 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 particular thefrontageparticular tothetraditional lanes. effect onthecharacter ofthearea and in general business andretail. This hasasigni mutating from greenhouseuseto andnursery problem for thegreen belt, andisgradually Finally, Crews Hillrepresents anincreasing the historicnature ofthearea. more stableandlessvulnerabletochange given By contrast, thearea around Hall isfar Forty or pressure for more intense leisure activities. opens uppotentialfor eithernew development event thatthehospitalsiteisredeveloped and pressurebe particular ontheGreen Beltinthe Chase Farmisanotherarea where there may protected oftheGreen aspart Belt. station and World’s Endshouldcontinue tobe such astheopen fall tothesouthofde inappropriate development. Areas oflandwhich Trent Parkmay result inpressure for otherwise around thefuture oftheuniversity campusin to continue andthepotentialuncertainty pressure for leisure activityinthearea islikely any signifi area statusof Trent Parktoeffectively preclude Road whichcombinewiththeconservation the railway sidingsandBramley Road/En from theGreen Beltby infrastructure including Cockfosters andOakwood are bothseparated and thishasbothvisualecologicalimpacts. for more intensive development withinplots, a signifi potential toexpand. However, thearea attracts In thewest, Hadley Wood islimitedinits characterandraisesdifferenta particular issues. in anumber ofdifferent ways, eachofwhich has The urbanarea ofEn URBAN/RURAL INTERFACE cant premium andsothere ispressure cant future development. However, fi elds between Oakwood fi eld meetstheGreen Belt fi ned urbanedge, fi eld fi cant or civilproceedings. LondonBorough ofEn reproduction infringes Crown copyright andmay leadtoprosecution Of Her Majesty'sStationery permission ofOrdnance Survey onbehalfofthe Controller of This map isreproduced from Ordnance Survey materialwiththe fi ce ©Crown copyright. Unauthorised fi eld DENF003. eld • • • Implications • • • Key issues should beprioritisedfor intervention. typologies inSection4and theseareas been highlightedinrural green space and urbanhasbecomeblurred have Key areas where thelinebetween rural rural charactersshouldbe pursued. enduring boundariesbetween urbanand to createinterventions clearand includingsmall Green Beltboundary The positive managementofthe rural assetsandcharacter. inmaintainingtheborough’simportant expansion alongtheinterfacewillbe Resisting thepressure for urban quality andcouldbeimproved. rural areas around theinterfacevariesin The managementofboththeurbanand visitors. strong positive imageinthemindsof borough, withthepotentialtoleave a Enfi infl important The qualityoftheinterfacehasan the result ofincremental change. many have seenareduction inqualityas have beenunderconstantpressure and A number ofpointsalongtheinterface eld tothosepassingthrough the uence ontheimageof 153 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 154 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 scale. and implicationscanbedrawn outatthislarger spatial location, andtherefore issues summary landscape typeswhichalsohave acommon The characterareas are grouped intheir borough isdescribedinthefollowing pages. Each ofthelandscape characterareas inthe than another. predominantly ofonecharacterarea rather at whichthecharacteristicsofanarea become more asthe ‘tipping point’between two areas character. lineshouldbeseen The boundary a transitionzonebetween areas ofdifferent areas israrely clearly de between adjacentlandscapeboundary character between theseareas althoughinreality the patterns. lineshave Boundary beenindicated landscapeown uniquecharacterandparticular here. These are separateareas eachwiththeir of landscape intheborough andare shown been identifi A totaloftwelve landscape characterareas have ENFIELD’S LANDSCAPES ed for theruralGreen Beltareas fi ned andthere isoften countryside countryside Farmland ridges andvalleys -Northern • • • • Implications • • • • Key issues countryside and ensure positive gateways intothe therural-urban interface to support shouldbeprioritised the countryside Enhancing thequalityof the edgesof could beconsidered. multi-functional useofsomespaces for encouragingmoreOpportunities explored. shouldbe to thisarea ofcountryside for enhancingaccess Opportunities explored. enhance thequalityofsomekey sections be reviewed to andopportunities Future managementregimes should in qualityandneedattention. Areas suchasClay Hillare deteriorating is underthreat from urbanisation. which isareal assetfor theborough. but This area hasastrong ruralcharacter and thenpromoted. immediate settingscouldbeimproved andtheir are important particularly Views southandeastfrom thisarea arrangements. largely duetodifferent management across beltofcountryside thenorthern The qualityofthefarmlandvaries (Ref. Section4, p.122) and Forty Hall Rural parklands- Trent Park, Whitewebbs • • • Key issues • • Implications asset. deteriorationof this risks thefurther Trent future Parkhasanuncertain which access isadelicateissue. landscapes whilstpromoting public Balancing theprotection ofhistoric historic parklands. risks losingthecharacterofthese The threat ofprogressive urbanisation predominantly inagriculturaluse. whichis access tothewidercountryside London andeasethepressurenorth for rural retreats for residents of En couldhelpprovidecountryside valuable recreational withEnfi opportunities of thelandscape asmore publicfacing toopenupthese parts The opportunity across eachoftheparklands. Careful managementregimes are needed (Ref. Section4, p.124) fi eld and eld eld’s Section 4, p.126) andglasshouses-Crew’sNursery Hill • • Key issues • • • Implications environmental quality. deteriorating thearea’s character and footprint ofthesettlementrisksfurther new usesandextensionstothebuilt The pressure for development through resulting insignifi treatments,and shiftsinboundary result oftrends for signage, advertising Hill hasbeenprogressively reduced asa The qualityofthestreetscape inCrew’s development. environment andappropriate future needed toensure ahighquality Stronger policiesandguidanceare violations ofplanningconsent. maintaining toaddress any current Enforcement ofcurrent policiesneeds rural characterandresist urbanisation. There isaneedtoretain Crew’s Hill’s cant street clutter. (Ref. (Ref. Section4, p.128) River valley and • • • Implications • • • Key issues explored corner ofthe borough shouldbe eastern and thevalley inthenorth areasbetween thefarmlandcountryside landscape, visualandphysical links stronger tosupport Opportunities valley itself. into theprivately owned sectionsofthe valley from Enfi of physical connectionsacross tothe views wherever possible, bothinterms There isaneedtoenhanceaccessand Authority’s remit shouldbesought. those spacesoutsidetheLee Valley Park Improvements inthemanagementof access. corridor present anadditional barrier to Industrial activitiesalongsidethe underused andpoorly visited. Much ofEn ownership andmanagement. is poor, thoseinprivate particularly Access tomanyofthecorridor parts fi eld’s sectionofthevalley is fl oodplain -Lee Valley eld neighbourhoods, and 155 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 156 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 landscape andtogether withthelargenumber Wood). These woodlands punctuate the (for example Vault Hill Wood and LittleBeechill of whichare Ancient orSemi-naturalwoodland woodland blocksofmixed native speciesseveral Salmon’s Brook andcontainsfrequent small The area isdrainedby theupperreaches of quiet andruralinplaces quiteremote. proximity totheurbanedge, thearea feels Farm.Farm andSouthBarvin Despite its such asSlopersPond Farm, ParkFarm, Parkside settlement otherthanscattered farmsteads generally secludedwithfew roads andlittle farmed andmanagedby tenantfarmers. Itis Most ofthearea isowned by thecounciland planting toprovide longtermreplacements. these are indeclineandthere isaneedfor new characteristic ofthearea althoughmany of mature hedgerow trees. Mature oaksare akey network ofmature hedgerows andlarge enclosures andhasawellcentury maintained mainly datesbacktotheoriginalnineteenth a strong geometricpattern. This mixed arableandpastoral Salmon’s Brook Valley isanundulatingarea of Description Road/Ferny Hilltothesouth. The Ridgeway andHadley (A1005)tothenorth eastcorneroftheboroughNorth boundedby Location fi woodland blocksandpredominantly pastoral Rural farmedvalley landscape withfrequent Summary 1A SALMONSBROOKVALLEY elds, anddrainedby SalmonsBrook. fi elds whichhave fi eld pattern eld • • • • • • • • • • features Key characteristics anddistinctive Chase andHadley Wood from theRidgeway. across theundulatinglandscape towards En walkers. There are also valued by localresidents andiswell usedby development orlanduses. The area ishighly farmers andby theabsenceofinappropriate managementby thetenant of countryside is predominantly duetothehighstandards highest landscape qualityintheborough. This - Turkey Brook Valley) isoneoftheareas of Salmon’s Brook Valley (togetherwitharea 1B of awell tree’d landscape. of mature hedgerow trees give theimpression Scattered farms area Electricity pylons eastcorner of innorth Arboretum Wrest LodgeParkhotelandBeale Hadley Wood Views southtowards En Hadley RoadandtheRidgeway Views across thevalley from Ferny Hill/ Secluded withfew roads mature hedgerow trees (mainly oak) Mature hedgerows withfrequent large with somearable Geometric undulating valley sides Valley drained by Salmon’s Brook with Frequent smallwoodland blocks fi elds ofmainly pastoralfarmland fi elds fi ne longdistanceviews fi eld Chaseand fi eld Reproduced fromtheOrdnanceSurveymapwith thepermissionofcontrollerHerMajesty’s StationeryOf 1a fice. LicenseNumber100002205 CrownCopyright. • • • • Key issues boundary. remains aclearandenduring boundary resisted toensure thattheGreen Belt Cockfosters Roadshouldbestrongly of Wagon Roadandtheeastside of future development side onthenorth Road and Wagon Road. Proposals for formed by theroad edgeofCockfosters well-de the edgeofGreen Belt. This isa the urbanedgeofHadley Wood and the areabetween forms theboundary however thesouthwestern cornerof adjacent tootherareas ofGreen Belt, good condition. Mostofthearea is designated asGreen Beltandisin All ofthelandscape inthisarea is these views. Wood anddetractsfrom thequalityof example, edgeofHadley the northern recent development isprominent, for should beprotected. Insomeareas, landscape are valuedandkey views Long distanceviews across the secluded quality. farmsteads. This contributestothearea’s and primarily restricted toscattered Settlement inthearea isdispersed managementmeasures.countryside agricultural activitiesandtheassociated area hasbeenachieved by maintaining The qualityofthelandscape inthis fi ned boundary whichisclearly ned boundary • • • • • Implications Green Belt. developmentfurther on the edgeof new woodland blocks) andtocontrol any example through strategicplanting of impact oftheedge urbanarea (for Measures are neededtoreduce thevisual of key views shouldnot bepermitted. which threatens thecharacterandquality can enjoy theview. Future development can safely stopanddrivers andpassengers creation ofviewing pointswhere traf shouldbesoughtfor the Opportunities employed. existing buildingswithsensitive materials keeping withthecharacterandscaleof farm buildingsandbedesignedtoin in associationwithexistinggroups of are required theseshouldbelocated where possible. Where new structures re-use ofexistingbuildingsispreferable landscape shouldbeminimisedandthe New buildingsandstructures inthe landscape features inthefuture. diversity andensure they are retained as maintain andenhancetheirecological forest orcoppicewithstandards to management systems, for example, high managed withavarietyofdifferent need tocontinue tobeprotected and The area’s hedgerows andwoodlands be aworking agriculturallandscape. the future andthelandscape continues to management measures are maintainedin theassociatedcountryside particularly essential thatagriculturalactivitiesand To maintainthearea’s characteritis fi c 157 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 158 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 Brook. Both oftheseare small channelsmarked of Turkey Hollyhill Brook anditstributary Ridgeway andisdrainedby theupper reaches The area drops away from tothenorth the variations intheappearance ofthe landscape. and regular farmingactivitiesprovide seasonal The landscape isgenerally well maintained John’s SeniorSchool. also present around theperimeterofSt course. A substantial blockofmature trees is areas whichform theplaying areas ofthegolf has beenremoved tocreate long lineargrass block althoughinreality much ofthewoodland appears inthelandscape asalargewoodland area includestheCrews HillGolfclubwhich to reinforce them. Otherkey vegetation inthe these are gappy andinneedofnew planting scattered hedgerow trees (mainly oak). Inplaces typically clipped, dominatedby hawthorn with back tothe1803Enclosure Acts. Hedgesare geometric fi blocks. The area ischaracterisedby large than pastoral)andhasfewer areas ofwoodland that itispredominantly arablefarmland(rather area ofSalmon’s Brook Valley tothesouthin differs from theadjacentlandscape character agricultural landwithundulatingtopography. It Turkey Brook Valley isanarea ofopen Description south andrailway linetotheeast. the M25tonorth, The Ridgeway tothe eastedgeoftheboroughNorth boundedby Location large farms. predominantly arable Open, undulatingfarmedlandscape of Summary 1B TURKEY BROOKVALLEY eld patternsmostofwhichdate fi elds withoccasional features to the sitecreate an urbanfringe village). The mix ofuses, signageandentrance of occupants (formerly including anantiques a group ofsmallbusinessunits with avariety and clubpavilion. Adjacent tothisisEastLodge Club (founded1899) hasitsown cricket pitch off EastLodgeLane, theBotany Bay Cricket ash andsycamore). To ofthehamlet, thenorth along theRidgewayparticularly (includingoak, and astrong framework ofmature trees name. Ithasaprominent ridge-toplocation the former Australian penalcolony ofthesame nature ofthesettlement, takes itsnamefrom of Middlesex andasareference totheisolated Its namewas after theenclosure ofEn is arelatively recent settlementestablished Hill FarmandNew CottageFarm. Botany Bay Farm,scattered farmssuchasRectory Holly than thehamletofBotany Bay andoccasional There islittlesettlementinthearea other stops.and publictransport settlements andthescarcity ofparkingareas easy toaccessduetheirdistancefrom a number ofpermissive paths, theseare not of theLondonLoopandChain Walk, and including theway-marked longdistanceroutes there are somerightsofway crossing thearea, Lane andStray routes crossing thearea otherthanEastLodge The area isrelatively inaccessiblewithfew urban areas ofEn area are ruralincharacterwiththeedgeof of Enfi proximity andtheedge oftheM25tonorth The area feels quietandremote despitethe landscape criss-crossed by hedgerow lines. gently undulatingforming anattractive rolling by intermittentlinesoftrees. The landscape is eld tothesouth. Mostviews across the fi rst recorded onan1819map fi elds Road(Bridleway). Although fi eld rarely visible. fi eld Chasein1777. • • • • • • • • • • • • features Key characteristicsanddistinctive from thesite’s ruralsetting. character whichcontrastswithanddetracts East Lodge New CottageFarm–white-washedwalls Noise andglimpsedviews ofM25traf Crews HillGolfcourse Botany Bay –recent smalllinearsettlement The Ridgeway Water tower (built1913-14) St John’s seniorschool private dwelling The RedHouse–largeandprominent oak) intermittent mature hedgerow trees (mainly Mature, well-managed hedgerows with rights ofway Secluded area withfew roads orpublic HolyhillBrook Brook anditstributary Undulating landscape drainedby Turkey pastures oneasternedge Large geometric fi elds mainly arable, some fi c R eproduced fromtheOrdnanceSurveymapwith thepermissionofcontrollerHerMajesty’s StationeryOf fice. LicenseNumber100002205 CrownCopyright. 1b • • • • Key issues countryside tothenorth.countryside connections totheHertfordshire residents andmaintainingimproving for theBorough’sthe countryside for increasing theaccessibilityof shouldbesought Opportunities of thesetwo areas. area iskey tomaintainingthecharacter Maintaining agriculturalactivitiesinthe Borough’s biodiversity. population andcontributestothe a recreational resource for thelocal close totheurbanedgewhichprovides form anarea ofhighqualitylandscape the borough tothenorth. They also gateway area whenenteringandleaving setting for theborough andanattractive the borough. They provide alandscape the urbanedgeisavaluableassetfor well maintainedlandscapes closeto The presence ofsuchattractive and maintained landscape. a strong ruralcharacter withawell of Greater London, bothareas have closetotheurbanedge being very Brook Valley characterarea. Despite area are similartothoseoftheSalmon’s Key issuesfor the Turkey Brook Valley • • • Implications Botany Bay. should notbeseenasan extensionof East Lodgerequires careful control and considered. Development inandaround Tree Order(s) Preservation shouldbe the protection oftheseintheform ofa trees inBotany Bay and isalsoimportant rural hamlet. Retentionoftheroadside that Botany Bay remains asanisolated tothecharacterofareaimportant the settlementshouldberesisted. Itis and future development inandaround prominentparticularly ontheridgeline development isrestricted. Botany Bay is of thearea are protected andfuture It isessentialthattheGreen Beltroles areas ofroutes. atthestart routes andcreation ofsmallparking these routes through publictransport improved for accessing opportunities and permissive pathsandby providing the existingrightsofway network include givingincreased publicityto for increasingOpportunities accessibility retained. geometric patternof should includeensuringthattheexisting character ofthisismaintained. This will ensure thatthehighqualityrural and maintainingthepublicrightsofway) woodland andhedgerow maintenance landscape (includingfi and theassociatedmanagementof The continued agriculturallanduse eld boundaries, eld fi eld boundariesis 159 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 160 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 Other signifi the current entrancetothe Trent Parkcampus. feature inviews down theroad andinde historic signi fi site feature. bothduetoits This isimportant avenue ofmature oaktrees whichform akey the early 19thcentury). Itislinedby a route tothe mansion(probablyservice in of thearea andwasoriginally created asthe oak). Snakes Lanepassesthrough thecentre frequent largehedgerow trees (predominantly are enclosedwithmature hedgerows with of previous agriculturaluse). Mostofthe parkbutretaining theboundaries the country fi fi The fi Salmon’s Brook southofthearea. further in thesouth. Bothwatercourses draininto BrookBeech GutterintheeastandMerryhills landform dropping down gently toLeeging side (atapproximately 60m AOD) withthe Hog Hillforms thehighestpointoneast undulating fi BrookMerryhills Valley isalandscape of Description south. andthebuiltupedgeofEn north Between Enfi Location urban edgeofEn enclosed by En course issituatedinthecentre ofthearea. Itis open arable enclosed pastures inthewest andlargermore Farmed landscape comprisingamixofsmall Summary 1C MERRYHILLS BROOKVALLEY elds onthewest side(nowof forming part elds ontheeastsideandsmaller, mainly grass eld patternisgeometricwithlargearable elds andthe Trent Parkgolf course. cant vegetation inthearea includes fi eld ChaseandHadley Roadtothe elds intheeast. Publicgolf cance but alsoasakey landscape fi andthe eld Chasetothenorth fi eld tothesouthandeast. fi eld tothe fi ne fi fi ning elds experience of theGreen Belt for traf and provides a valuable connectionwith and through thisarea ofgreen spaceisimportant and Oakwood. The experience ofpassing separation between SladesHill(World’s End) green beltuptotheurbanedgeandcreating functionofextendingthe an important Enfi latter, two fi on Lowther Drive andCotswold Way. Bythe Road andtherear boundariestoproperties formed by theCockfosters sidings, En south-eastern andsouthern edgeisstrongly the urbanedgeandopencountryside. The is aclearandwell-de edge of World’s Endandinmany placesthere The area isimmediately adjacenttotheurban Road andSnakes inwinter). Lane(particularly the vegetation ofthegolf coursefrom Bramley there are occasionalglimpsedviews through resulting infew views intothearea. However, of awell vegetated beltaround theperimeter has asecludedcharacterduetothepresence more recent standsandlinesofconifers. It Brook)boundaries andliningMerryhills and mature native trees (from former hedgerow The golf coursecontainsmany recreational landinthecentre ofthearea. Park equestriancentre form alargearea of Trent ParkGolfCourseandtheadjacent Trent routes across thearea from theeast. from thewest andsouthbutthere are no have beendeveloped passingthrough thearea on thewestern side. Several permissive paths sectionoftheLondonLoop other thanashort The area containsfew formal rightsofway Park GolfCourse. and mixed mature vegetation withinthe Trent mature vegetation liningthetwo watercourses eld Road(nearBoxer’s Lake) performing elds extendtothesouthsideof fi ned boundary between ned boundary fi ne trees, both fi c moving c fi eld • Key characteristics anddistinctive features westwards from the A1005. but elsewhere builtdevelopment hasextended one placeby the Arnold HouseCheshire Home, with thearea extendingrightuptothe A1005 in edge ofthecharacterarea islesswell de through theborough onthe A110. The eastern Reproduced fromtheOrdnanceSurveymapwith thepermissionofcontrollerHerMajesty’s StationeryOf Brook and LeegingBeechGutter Undulating landscape drainedby Merryhills fi ned • • • • • • • fice. LicenseNumber100002205 CrownCopyright. Trent Parkcemetery Avenue ofoaktrees lining Snakes Lane Trent ParkGolfcourse Mature vegetation liningwatercourses Small pastoral Large arable Geometric fi 1c elds enclosedwithhedgerows fi elds totheeast fi elds tothewest • • • • • • Key issues key issuefor thearea. The future of Trent Parkgolf courseisa the trees managedappropriately. thatthisis retained important intactand oak trees isakey feature anditis Snakes Lanesanditsavenue ofmature the Green Belt. of urban edgeandtheopen countryside well-de End andthere isgenerally aclearand adjacent totheurbanedge of World’s The southsideofthearea isimmediately maintained. and theseshouldbeprotected and urban edgeandtheagriculturallandscape provide avaluablebuffer between the existing tree beltsontheeastside weakeningfurther theGreen Belt. The oftheurbanedgeisnotdevelopedpart Ridgeway thatthis anditisimportant has already extendedtotheeastof On theeastside, builtdevelopment boundaries shouldbemaintained. fi date backtotheoriginalpostenclosure maintained. Mostofthe landscape characterofthearea istobe agricultural activitiesare continued ifthe well-maintained. Itisessentialthatthe landscape isingood conditionandis and farmedby tenantfarmers, the Where thelandisowned by thecouncil from development andurbanblight. signifi this isanarea ofGreen Beltwhichis Due toitsproximity totheurbanedge eld patternandthis cantly underpressure andthreat fi ned boundary between the ned boundary fi eld boundaries boundaries eld fi eld eld • • Implications changes tothegolf course. and carefully managedinany future These features willneedtoberetained historic fi relicimportant vegetation from the of thewiderGreen Belt. Italsocontains part historic parkandisanimportant It provides ofthesettingto part in the Trent ParkConservation Area. is thatthesiteplays asigni be considered inany future proposals the Trent Parkgolf club, thekey issueto study willbepublishedseparately. For economic climate. The results ofthis struggling toremain viableinthecurrent the borough’s golf coursesasmany are assess possibleoptionsfor thefuture of A separatestudyisbeingundertaken to Trent Park. Country Ridgeway andthepublicopenspacein urban edgearound Slades Hillandthe to create afootpath linkbetween the permissive pathscouldbedeveloped theeasternsidewhereparticularly improving accessibilityofthe area, shouldbesoughtfor Opportunities eld boundariesinthearea. fi cant part part cant 161 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 162 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 the borough, mostofthisagricultural landisin hedgerows. Unlike other areas offarmland in farmland with geometric landscape ischaracterised by gently undulating which lieswithintheborough ofEnfi ofthischaracterareaWithin thepart historic landscape area intwo. major intrusionoftheM25 whichsevers this woodland patternremains today albeit withthe woodland blocks. This general to alandscape ofarablefarmland anddiscrete parkland deforested. The area wasconverted and thepalacewasdemolished estate passedintothehandsofParliament However, aftertheexecution ofCharles1the naval useandbeingenclosedby a9fthighwall. acres, containing15,608trees suitablefor 1650, theparkisrecorded ascovering 2,508 (which becamearoyal palacein1604). In James Iandwasattachedto Theobalds Manor as Theobalds Park. The park wascreated by area whichwasformerly ahuntingparkknown Hertfordshire (HCC, 2000). Itcomprisesthe Landscape Character Assessment for Southern character area whichisidenti The Theobalds Estateisalargelandscape Description the north. and across theM25toCheshuntandCuf Extends from Whitewebbs Laneinthesouth Location parklands. an area ofestatefarmland, grazingandsome and comprisestheformer Theobalds Park. Now area whichextendsintoSouthHertfordshire oflargerlandscape character Southern part Summary 1D THEOBOLDS ESTATE SOUTH fi elds divided by low fi ed inthe fi eld and eld eld,the fl ey to ey including adogkennel andcattery. urban fringeactivitiesalong Whitewebbs Lane these anddetachedresidential properties and development ofagriculturalbuildingsaround there hasbeensometwentieth century Sloemans Farmand Whitewebbs Farm)but contained justafew farms(OwlsHallFarm, of mixed styleandtype. Originally thearea Settlement inthearea isdispersedand is the landscape. cruciform shape gives itapronounced form in west well-used sideisparticularly andits beyond.countryside BurntfarmRide onthe between theborough andtheHertfordshire connections providing north-south important Two key publicrights ofway cross thearea private garden andnow opentothepublic. asa century established inthethirteenth areaan important ofdisplay gardens subjects. ItincorporatesCapel Manor Gardens animals andtheenvironment andrelated centre providing arangeofcoursesinplants, Capel ManorCollege–aleadingeducational free-standing mature trees. Capel Houseisnow have retained areas ofhistoric parklandwith both ofwhichare largehistorichouseswhich end andOwlsHallFarmatthewestern end The area includesCapel Houseattheeastern andinplacesitisalsovisible.most parts for arablefarming. The M25isclearly audiblein of fi less well-maintained andagreater proportion the landscape. Hedgerows andboundariesare a greater varietyinappearance andqualityof private ownership andthere isconsequently elds are usedashorsegrazingratherthan fi rst • • • • • • • • features Key characteristics anddistinctive Reproduced fromtheOrdnanceSurveymapwithpermissionofcontrollerHerMajesty’s StationeryOf Owls HallFarm andparkland Manor College) Capel Houseandparkland (now Capel Low hedgerows (somepoorly maintained Farm) farms (eg Whitewebbs farmandOwlsHall Mansions (egCapel House)and isolated Small woodlands Geometric fi Estate farmland Gently undulatinglandform eld pattern eld 1d • • • • Electricity pylons Roman Road–ErmineStreet tothenorth to countryside Waymarked routes connectingunderM25 M25 embankmentsandmoving traf fice. LicenseNumber100002205 CrownCopyright. fi c • • • • Key issues future. protection andmanagementin the and PROW no8) andtheserequire routesnorth-south (BurntFarm Ride are important, thetwo particularly Footpath routes through the area quality ofthelandscape insome places. has hadadetrimentaleffect on the and abandonmentofagricultural vehicles boundaries, poorhedgerow management grazing, useofbarbedwire fencing for Conversion ofarablelandtohorse the area isshowing signsofpressure. agricultural areas intheborough and generally lower thanmostoftheother qualities ofthischaracterarea are The landscape qualityandGreen Belt creates avaluablegreen gateway. to theeastsideof A1055. Italso its role incontainingurbandevelopment of theGreen part Belt dueto important urbanised incharacter, itremains an Although someofthisarea hasbecome creating abarrier tomovement. dividing thehistoricarea intwo and of theM25area hasbeendestructive, signifi Hill andBullsmoorishistorically a senseofopennessbetween Crews west. Itplays akey role inproviding and theruralcharacterareas tothe tothenorth Hertfordshire countryside Green Beltthatconnectswiththe ofthe part section isanimportant area ofhistoriclandscape, andEn The Theobalds Estateisanimportant cant. However, theconstruction fi eld’s • Implications to horsegrazingshouldbediscouraged. corridors. The conversion ofarableland area andstrengthen localecological improve thelandscape characterofthe historic fi repair broken hedgelinesandreinstate management regime andnew plantingto existing hedgerows withanimproved need tobeencouragedsafeguard the qualities asGreen Belt. Landowners it for thefuture andstrengthen its this landscape toprotect and improve this area andstrengthen andconserve degradation oflandscape characterin There isaneedtoarrest the eld boundaries. This willboth 163 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 164 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 site atthejunction ofStray church of Clay Hillin1867. Ithasaprominent originally asachapel, butbecoming theparish pub asahide-out). The church wasbuiltin1858, (it isalsosaidthatDick Turpin used tousethe was onceowned by Dick Turpin’s grandparents historic importance. It datesbackto1700and is theolderoftwo pubsandisoflocal school.England primary The Rose andCrown St John theBaptist anditsassociatedChurch of and theFallow Buck), andtheparishchurch of also includestwo pubs(theRoseandCrown surrounded by mature vegetation. The village example Clay HillHouseandKingswood) and walls (for gardens oftenwithhighboundary set backfrom theroad inlargeprivate a mixofmainly largedetachedproperties The villageofClay Hillissmall, comprising Brook inthesouth. towards Cuf St John’s church) andslopesdown eitherside ridge risesto56mAOD atitshighestpoint(by centre runningalongthemainridgeline. This small dispersedsettlementofClay Hillinthe area ofparklandandrurallandscape withthe The Clay Hillcharacterarea comprisesan Description including Hilly FieldsParktothesouth. built-up edgeofEnfi from theparishchurch tothe inthenorth Area centres around Clay Hillvillageextending Location on valley sides. small-sized fi settlement ofClay Hillalongtheridgelineand –ruralarea incorporatingthelinear Summary Summary 1E CLAY HILL elds (mainly usedashorsegrazing) fl ey Brook and inthenorth Turkey eld inthesouthand fi eld Road and higher landaround Clay HillRoad, Stray Residential properties are concentratedonthe including oaksandyew. largematurea number ofimportant trees surrounded by asmallgreenspace containing Clay Hillroad andforms alocallandmark. Itis Conservation Area Character Appraisal,2009) Area Conservation of thesettlement) isprovided intheClay Hill More detailedinformation (includingthehistory Fallow Buckpub). trees anda mature specimensincludingmany mature oak along Clay HillRoadwithalargenumber of The area hasagood cover oftrees particularly residents andtheFriendsofHilly FieldsPark. Park created asaresult ofacampaignby local adopted rightsofway through Hilly Fields way through thearea includingtwo recently There isagood network ofpublicrights via theLondonLoopwaymarked trail. as agateway beyond tothewidercountryside of openspacethatiseasily accessibleandacts restored bandstand. area Itforms animportant trees, grassland, avariety ofroutes andanewly of informal undulatingparklandwithmature to prevent itsdevelopment. Today itisanarea but waspurchased in1909by En formerly agriculturallandowned by ParkFarm popular area ofpublicopenspace. This was attractiveFields Parkwhichisavery and Road butinaddition, thearea includesHilly are alsofound tothesoutharound Stray these are now usedashorsepaddocks. These enclosed withovergrown hedges, several of sloping sidesoftheridgeare mainly small Road andFlashLane. To ofthis, thenorth the fi ne lineofholmoak(oppositethe fi eld Council eld fi eld fi elds fi elds • • • • features Key characteristicsanddistinctive Reproduced fromtheOrdnanceSurveymapwithpermissionofcontrollerHerMajesty’s StationeryOf (predominantly oak) Dense hedgerows withlargemature trees Small irregular fi Brook Brook andtosouthdraining Turkey Valley drainingtoCuf sidestonorth Ridge formed by Clay Hill elds fl ey ey 1e • • • • • • pub Rose andCrown pubandtheFallow Buck Strayfi London Loopwaymarked path Hilly FieldsPark St John theBaptist parishchurch (1858) Horse grazing fice. LicenseNumber100002205 CrownCopyright. elds Road elds • • • • Key issues improved managementregime. of repair andtheintroduction ofan Strayfi around thehorsepaddocks around overgrown andleggy, those particularly hedgerows inthearea have become the future, isnecessary. Someofthe ensure thetree cover ismaintained in for mature trees andnew planting to and aprogramme oftree maintenance and hedgerow managementisakey issue As withmanyoftheborough, parts tree village centre. on thisarea tocreate animproved improvements shouldbeconcentrated the villageandfuture villagepublicrealm of Stray Fallow Buckpubandthesouthernend The area around theparishchurch, to development pressures. of Green Beltwhichcouldbevulnerable visibility ofindividualplots, this isanarea and thedensetree cover whichreduces Due toitsproximity totheurbanedge and urbanarea. blurred edgebetween theGreen Belt Lavender forms amore HillCemetery Road andPhippsHatchLanealthough well defi isgenerallyThe Green Beltboundary role oftheGreenimportant aspart Belt. condition andthearea ful character area isgenerally ingood edge ofEn Despite itsproximity totheurban elds Road. These are inneed fi ned by theedgeofBrowning elds Roadisthenaturalfocus of fi eld, theClay Hilllandscape fi ls an ls • • Implications and Hilly FieldsParkisalsonecessary. crossing pointtolink Whitewebbs Park The creation ofasafe pedestrian through thevillageshouldbeconsidered. introduction oftraf speed. Discrete villagesignageandthe marked andtraf and endofthevillageare notclearly identity anddistinctiveness. The start are toreinforce opportunities its settlements intheborough andthere Clay Hillisoneofonly three rural gates.) appropriate thanhighwallsandsolid such ashedgesandtree beltsare more of thearea. (Vegetated boundaries are appropriate totheruralcharacter needs tobecontrolled toensure they properties alongClay HillRoadalso The erection ofnew boundaries to the area are protected andmaintained. character andtheGreen Beltqualitiesof should beresisted toensure therural of thevacantplotsalongClay HillRoad) Future development (includinginfi fi c passesthrough at fi c speedreductions lling 165 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 166 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 areas tothenorth. There are views across incorporating afootball pitchandlongergrass public open space, asloping area ofgreen space northernmost trees. The overgrown withscattered andleggy) hedgerow fi the woods of Wrotham Parktothewest. The agricultural landwithlong distanceviews to to thewest andisanattractive landscape of station. This area is similartothewiderarea and from theapproach toHadley Wood rail Crescent West, from properties onthisroad The area isvisiblefrom thepublic layby on of Enfi (Bartram’s Lane), islocatedintheborough comprising four A smallcornerofthischaracterarea, Hedgerow trees includeoak, ashandhornbeam. and blackthornwithsomeelmhornbeam. hedgerows andincludeamixofhawthorn pattern oflarge undulating arablelandscape withageometric Hertfordshire (HCC, 2000). This isastrongly Landscape Character Assessment for Southern character area whichisidenti the southeasterncornerofalargerlandscape The HornbeamHillsSouthcharacterarea is Description Wrotham Parkinthewest. out ofborough toPotters and Barinthenorth North-western edgeofHadley Wood extending Location scale undulatingarablelandscape. around theHornbeam Hills. An area oflarge extends intoSouthHertfordshire andcentres Southern corneroflargerlandscape area which Summary 1F HORNBEAMHILLSSOUTH elds are bounded by tallhedges(inplaces eld nexttotheedgeofHadley Wood. fi fi elds. These are boundedwith elds andanadjacenttrack fi eld isHadley Wood fi ed inthe • • • • • Key characteristicsanddistinctive features: Bar from Hadley Wood. signifi The characterareaofalarger ispart of deciduous woodland. this area toBartram’s Quash-asmallmixed Limited rightsofway Potters west BarandM25tonorth Mainline railway incutting/tunnel Geometric fi Sloping valley landforms cant Green BeltwhichseparatesPotters eld pattern eld Reproduced fromtheOrdnanceSurveymapwith thepermissionofcontrollerHerMajesty’s StationeryOf 1f fice. LicenseNumber100002205 CrownCopyright. • • • Key issues accessible from theadjacenturbanarea. of publicopenspacethatiseasily The area includesavaluablearea Way, Crescent West. boundaries ofproperties onCamlet defi isclearlyThe Green Beltboundary and isingood condition. area ofanimportant Greenpart Belt borough, thislandscape characterarea is Although asmallarea withinthe Laneandtherearned by Bartrams • Implications hedgerows retained andmanaged. uses shouldberetained andexisting The existingcharacterandpatternof 167 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 168 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 the northern sideof the park(now aScheduled the northern Chase –aroyal hunting park. CamletMoaton In medieval times, Trent ofEn Parkwaspart Oakwood whichare locatedcloseby. with thedenseurbanareas ofCockfosters and has aruralcharacterwhich contrastsstrongly south. ItisalldesignatedasGreen Beltand and of higherlandeitherside tothenorth drained by LeegingBeechGutter, andridges a valley inthecentre runningeast–west, The area hasanundulatingtopography with Mansion. includes thehistorichouseof Trent Park is theUniversity ofMiddlesex campuswhich recreationcountryside activities. In its centre Enfi and managedby theLondonBorough of area isnow Trent Park(owned Country woodland andformal gardens. Muchofthe landscape comprisingfarmland, parkland, Trent Parkisavaluablearea ofhistoric Description Interest’) Historic ParksandGardens ofSpecialHistoric identifi character area ofthearea follows theboundary the area tothesouth. ofthis (Theboundary Road tothewest. Trent Parkgolf courseadjoins by andCockfosters Hadley Roadtothenorth Located eastofHadley Wood andbounded Location Enfi Park formallyoftheroyal part hunting forest of Middlesex University. A Registered Historic containing Trent of Parkandpart Country An area ofundulatingwoodland andparkland Summary 2A ENFIELDCHASE/ TRENT PARK eld since1968)andisapopulararea for Chase. eld ed by EnglishHeritageonits ‘Register of fi eld park provide facilitiesfor visitorsbut important visitors centre, café, toilet blockandlargecar down theLimeavenue towards themansion. A the site, visitorstothepark enjoy Parkand,entrance totheCountry onentering Road entrance, however remains asthemain entrance).(the originalservice The Cockfosters the campusisnow viaSnakes Lanetothesouth feature intheparkbutmainentranceto avenue remains today and forms animpressive drive linedwithanavenue ofLimetrees. This originally from Cockfosters Roadalongaformal The mainentrancetothe mansionwas the obeliskviewed inthedistancebeyond. forming afocus inthecentre oftheview and these remain today withtheornamentallakes fi The mansionwaswell-sited originally toenjoy buildings andinfrastructure oftheuniversity. landscape settingandthetwentieth century and formal landscape features, itsspectacular current characterfrom thehistoricmansion and thestableblock. The campus derives its buildings mainly clustered around themansion today comprisesamixoftwentieth century sited buildingswere added andthecampus in 1992. A number ofinappropriate andpoorly Polytechnic in1974andMiddlesex University this gradually extendedbecomingMiddlesex a teachertrainingcollegewasestablishedand the formal gardens, were established. In1947 when itscurrent appearance, togetherwith early by twentieththeSassoonfamily century with thelastmajorchangestakingplacein 1770s. The mansionunderwent many changes the mainmansioninitscurrent locationinthe area wasuninhabiteduntiltheconstructionof medieval manor housebutotherthanthis, the Monument) isbelieved tobethesite ofthe overne views tothenorth theparklandand fi ne views ne • • • features Key characteristicsanddistinctive (2006). Park Conservation Area Character Appraisal its historicsignifi A more detaileddescriptionof Trent Parkand site. are notsensitive tothehistoriccharacterof Reproduced fromtheOrdnanceSurveymapwithpermissionofcontrollerHerMajesty’s StationeryOf Pockets ofarablefarmlandand grazingland Mixed deciduous woodland Undulating landform cance isprovided inthe Trent • • • • • 2a weather pitches University facilities includingall sports University campusbuildings Ornamental lakes Obelisk•Trent Parkmansion informal footpaths Network ofpublicrightsway and fice. LicenseNumber100002205 CrownCopyright. • • • • Key issues in good condition. agricultural landscape features maintained land useshould becontinued andthe landscape settingand thisagricultural ofthehistoric are part an important The areas ofworking agriculturalland importance.nature conservation site for publicrecreation andasasiteof • its features whilstalsopromoting itasa to protect thehistoriclandscape and In thewiderarea abalanceisneeded poor condition. steps andswimming poolinparticularly repairs withthemansionterrace and suffered from lackofmaintenanceand the site’s landscape features have also historic characterofthesite. Someof realm furniture have detracted from the signage, circulation routes andpublic Within thecampus, institutional style detailed withinthehistoriclandscape. which are poorly sitedorinappropriately a number ofinsensitive developments has putpressure onthesiteresulting in Progressive expansionofthecampus a singleownership. preserved asaliving/working landscape in as aninstitutionhasallowed thistobe landscape setting. The useofthesite historicmansioninadesigned important site isasanexampleofalargeand The key ofthe historicimportance and issueswhichare dif times themselves re ecological andrecreation issueswhichat complex rangeoflandscape, historic, The Trent Park Area isfacedwitha fl ect confl ect fi cult tobalance. icting needs needs icting • • Implications • • • Management Plan2009– 2014) water features (see Trent Park Country site andmanagementof the existing trees andthetwo mainavenues onthe management, managementofveteran in particular, long term woodland needed for thewiderarea including Landscape managementmeasures are summary, theseare: Proposals for Trent Park(2007). In in theConservation Area Management main development principlesestablished to develop proposals whichmeetthe the future. Key tothiswillbetheneed site tobepreserved andmaintainedfor quality oftheGreen Beltandallows the which doesnotadversely affect the will beaneedto question andshouldthisusecease, there the University ofMiddlesex isunder The future continued useofthesiteby views from thewiderparkland of themansionincludingkey long Protection ofthekey views from and mansion. modern buildingsfrom around the Removal ofthemostdamaging as apriority garden, stablesandparklandsetting Protection ofthemansion, formal fi nd analternative use 169 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 170 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 number offeatures includingtwo ornamental paths andsmall watercourses. Itincludes a undulating and containsadensenetwork of stands ofbirch andwillow. The woodland is stands ofash, elmand hornbeam, scattered largebeechtrees, mixed species woodland includingareas ofcoppiced Replanted woodland. Itisadensemixed native woodland withafew pockets of Ancient the woodland is Ancient orSemi-Natural and an18holepublicgolf course. Mostof areas andcomprisesalargearea ofwoodland Whitewebbs Parkisthelargestofthree easily between theareas. forming circular routes allows visitorstomove as asinglearea. A good network offootpaths are blurred andthearea canbeexperienced identity buttheboundariesbetween them area hasitsown uniquecharacteranddistinct Myddleton Houseanditssurroundings. Each and itsgardens andsurrounding parklandand elements: Whitewebbs Park, Country Hall Forty accessible openspacecontainingthree main This characterarea isalargearea ofpublicly Description Hilltothesouth. Forty Crews Hilltothewest andtheurbanedgeof north, Hill/BullsCross Forty Roadtotheeast, Area boundedby Whitewebbs Lanetothe Location Myddleton House. gardens Halland and parklandsofForty Whitewebbs Parkandthehistoric Country cross ofwatercourses. The area incorporates and pockets ofopen An area ofundulatingwoodland, parkland Summary 2B WHITEWEBBSPARK AND FORTY HALL fi elds drainedby acriss- fi eld maple andsome them aquiet, secluded character. from the road andenclosed by awall whichgive an admissionscharge). The gardens are setback gardens are opentothepublic(onpayment of the Lee Valley RegionalPark Authority andthe Iris plants. Isisnow usedasthemainof plantsman andincludesa nationalcollectionof by E. A. Bowles -thefamous nineteenthcentury house (builtin1818)set ingardens landscaped also ofhistoricimportance. ItisalargeRegency Hall,in characterthanitsneighbour Forty butis Myddleton Houseissmallerandmore domestic outstanding nationalimportance. designed landscape andare considered tobeof example ofaseventeenth houseina century present. The Hallanditsestateare anexcellent of theoriginalwalledkitchengarden are also sideofthehouse.on thenorth The remains herbaceous borders andalargeornamentallake with formal gardens comprisinglawns, double limeavenue. The houseissurrounded farm, fi 1629 andits160acre estateincludesaworking The hallisaGradeIlistedbuildingbuiltin surrounding parklandandwoodland landscape. beyond andallows acts asagateway tothewidercountryside impressive historicdesignedlandscape which residents as ‘the jewel oftheborough’. Itisan HallhasbeendescribedbyForty somelocal ‘New River’. interesting remnants ofanearliercoursethe area for informal recreation andcontainssome substantial publiccarparkareas. Itisapopular house for the Whitewebbs golf cluband house-now a century Toby carvery), aclub lakes, Whitewebbs House(alargeeighteenth shing lake, parklandandwoodland anda fi ne views over the fi ces for ces adjacent historiclandscape. contrasts withtherural character ofthe more urbanandinstitutionalcharacter which underway. This iscreating alandscape witha of traininggrounds inthisarea iscurrently Tottenham Football Clubandtheconstruction House have recently beenpurchased by areas. ofMyddleton Someofthesetothenorth provide aruralsettingfor theselandscaped agricultural landandsmallwoodlands which and Myddleton Houseare surrounded by The three areas of Whitewebbs, Hall Forty Reproduced fromtheOrdnanceSurveymapwithpermissionofcontrollerHerMajesty’s StationeryOf 2b • • • • • • • • • • features Key characteristics anddistinctive Whitewebbs House (Toby carvery) Whitewebbs park golf course (under construction) Tottenham football clubtraininggrounds Myddleton Houseandhistoricgarden Hallandhistoric gardenForty and parkland Allotment gardens onsouthside walking, cycling, ridingandgolf Range ofrecreational activitiesincluding of way and informal paths Network ofwaymarked routes, publicrights (Old Course) Turkey Brook, Cuf Network ofsmallwatercoursesincluding Mature mixed speciesnative woodlands fice. LicenseNumber100002205 CrownCopyright. fl ey Brook andNew River • • • Key issues elements. changes andtheintroduction ofurban edge make itvulnerabletopiecemeal Belt qualities. Itsproximity totheurban landscape andaweakening ofitsGreen of progressive urbanisationofthe to thearea asawholeistherisk areas oftheborough. A key threat recreationcountryside for theurban signifi borough’s Green Beltandperforms a of the The areapart isanimportant use shouldbeencouraged. space witharangeoffacilitiesandthis an accessiblearea ofhighqualityopen the urbanedgeofborough toform The area isideally locatedadjacentto ofthearea.and ecologicalimportance historical elements, landscape features the whilst atthesametimepreserving providing for intenserecreational use to balancethecon issues. All however share a similarneed area issubjecttodifferent pressures and ofthischaracter Each ofthemainparts cant role inproviding accessible fl icting pressures of • • • Implications process. Management isneededtoreverse this original opencharacteroftheparkland. is resulting inthegraduallossof trees have establishedunchecked which parkland, grazinghasbeenstopped and landscape features. Hall IntheForty the longtermcontinuation ofthese toensure management isnecessary borough, pro-active tree andwoodland As withotherlandscape areas inthe is notweakened. historic andruralcharacterofthearea detailing ofeacharea toensure thatthe future landusesinthearea andthe There isaneedfor careful control of management measures for achieving this. for Hallsetsoutaframework Forty of Capel ManorCollege(updated2008) prepared jointly by Enfi ManagementPlan A Conservation qualities ofthelandscape are protected. required toensure thatthespecial Careful managementmeasures are eld Counciland 171 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 172 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 residential properties are accessedfrom this. of thebusinesses andsomeprivatedetached through thecentre of the area andthe majority Theobalds Park RoadandCattlegate Roadpass at thelocalpubsinCrews HillandClay Hill. browse thegarden centres and ofteneatingout with peoplecomingonday tripstothearea to shopping. popularatweekends Itisparticularly is apopulardestination for garden centre Crews Hilliswell known in theborough and detracts from thequalityofarea. of derelict glasshousesandvacantplots which builders merchants. There are alsoanumber as wasterecycling, scrap metalcompaniesand establishment ofurbanfringeactivitiessuch basedactivities withthe non-horticultural recent years there hasbeenanexpansionin range ofcommercial andretail activities. In but nonehave suchahighconcentrationor at Sewardstone, NazeingandBroadly Common) on theeastsideofLee Valley (for example of glasshousesare found outsidetheborough scattered throughout. Similarconcentrations and equineactivitieswithresidential properties activities (suchasgarden centres andnurseries) of glasshouses, trading horticultural-based This area comprisesadenseconcentration Description on west side. Cattlegate Roadextendingtomainlinerailway Area eithersideof Theobalds ParkRoadand Location equestrian centres. with someresidential properties andseveral nurseries andgarden centres interspersed Dense concentrationofglasshouses, plant Summary 3A CREWSHILL Belt characterofthearea. and are notinkeeping withtheruralorGreen give acluttered appearance tothestreetscape small andlargesignsadvertisements. These typestogether with largenumbers of boundary often alsointrusive witharangeofdifferent the area. treatments are Signageandboundary intrusive andreduce thesenseofopenness buildingsarewarehouses visually andancillary area ispoor. The largeareas ofglasshouses, the characterandqualityofmuch ofthe Crews HillisintheGreen Belt, however garden centres andplantnurseries. of ornamentalplantingwithinandbetween the belts/hedgerows ofconiferous plantsandstands hawthorn hedgesalongthemainroad tolarge native plantingincludingmature oaktrees and Vegetation inthearea ismixed, rangingfrom back from theroad withoffroad parking. properties whicharemid twentieth set century development ofmainly singlestorey detached Avenue, andCypress Avenue) whichisasmall Rosewood Drive (leadingto Ash Ride, Beech The mainresidential centre ofthevillageis are oftenpoorly managedandovergrown. of thesehave hedgerow boundariesbutthese fi road, are anumber ofsmall, irregular shaped Behind thebusinessesandsetbackfrom the elds many ofwhichare usedfor grazing. Some • • • features Key characteristics anddistinctive • • • Reproduced fromtheOrdnanceSurveymapwithpermissionofcontrollerHerMajesty’s StationeryOf High traffi advertisements Frequent largecommercial signsand Frequent garden centres andplantnurseries disused) Extensive areas ofglasshouses(part Large mature oaktrees alongroad side building trade centres) Large scalecommercial units(including c fl ows 3a • • • • • • Kings OakEquestrianCentre Strayfi Southern endofBurntfarm Ride Horse grazing treatments Wide varietyofboundary coniferous hedges Mixed native specieshedgerows andtall fice. LicenseNumber100002205 CrownCopyright. eld RoadCemetery • • • • Key issues Theobalds ParkRoad. be clearly signedfrom thejunctionwith greaterdeserves promotion andshould Hertfordshire countryside. This route provides anattractive direct linkto the publicrightofwayimportant which reoccurrence. BurntfarmRide isan enforcement actionstoprevent its Ride whichrequires managementand fl ofproblemsThe area with hasahistory Road). (Theobalds ParkRoadandCattlegate main road corridor through thearea improvements tothequalityof There ispotentialfor signi becoming urbanised. activities isbeinglostandthearea is rural centre based for horticultural former characterofCrew’s Hillasa character andalossofopenness. The resulting inaweakening ofthearea’s diversifi The densityofdevelopment and attraction for theborough. nurseries inEurope’ anda successful concentrations ofgarden centres and a uniqueoffer of ‘one ofthehighest popular ruralsettlementproviding potential tobeanattractive and which isunderpressure. Ithasthe Crews Hillisanarea ofGreen Belt onBurntfarm y tippingparticularly cation oflanduseshowever, is fi cant • • • Implications promote itsrole asalandscape link. Enhanced signagefor BurntfarmRideto speeds. also beconsidered toreduce traf improvements torestrict speedshould necessary. The implementationofroad planting new native roadside trees is for maintainingexistingtrees and more ruralcharacterandastrategy tocreatetreatments a isnecessary advertisements andboundary The control ofsignageand resisted. basedindustriesshouldbe horticultural businesses. The development ofnon- and promote based thehorticultural policies tobeimplementedprotect character andshiftoflandusesfor There isaneedtoreverse thelossof fi c 173 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 174 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 • Upper Leevalley: (2010) identi The UpperLee Valley Landscape Strategy space. channel andpockets ofmarshlandandopen River Lee, theseparateRiver LeeNavigation William Girlingreservoirs, thechannelof include themonumental KingGeorge V and the River Thames inthesouth. Itskey features is asinglebroad river valley whichdrainsto wildlife. At thisstrategiclevel theLee Valley key role inproviding spacefor recreation and open spacefor theborough whichperforms a re character withintheborough. This aimsto identifi and localareas ofdiffering characteritis Although theLee Valley hasa varietyofuses Description and EppingForest). in placestheboroughs of Waltham Forest Lee inthewest (extendingtowards the A1037 the A1055 around Pickett’s Lock)and theRiver River LeeNavigation totheeast(extending north, tothesouth, Reservoir Banbury the Area approximately boundedby M25tothe Location for theborough.importance a recreation andwildlife area ofstrategic oftheLee part Valley RegionalParkandis V and William Girlingreservoirs. Area forms Lee Navigation channeland theKingGeorge landscape containingtheRiver Lee, theRiver Long lineararea ofvalley and Summary 4A THE LEEVALLEY RIVERS AND RESERVOIRS fl ect theLee Valley’s asastrategic importance the M25and thesouthernedgeof King Forest andGreen Belt–thearea between ed here asasinglearea oflandscape fi es three distinctsections ofthe fl oodplain areas ofEdmontonandPonder’s End providing feels aworld away from thenearby denseurban water anda good framework ofmature trees. It of green spacewithamixof opengrassland, and caravanning site. This isasubstantialarea centre, Lee Valley Golfcourseand acamping Complex whichincludes thenationalathletic these, atPicketts LockistheLee Valley Leisure and managementregimes. To of thenorth Regional Parkbutlackappropriate landuses the south. oftheLee These form part Valley and the north Walthamstow reservoirs in link between theChingford inthe Reservoirs Green Beltandprovide akey strategicgreen of rough ofthe grasslandwhichform part either sideofthe A406 are several pockets Belt. At the southernendoftheborough on but allare includedintheborough’s Green grassland. insize,These vary characteranduse borough are many areas ofmarshlandand Along thelengthofLee Valley withinthe Marshlands andgrasslands more detailbelow areas makingupeachoftheseare describedin borough ofEn The fi • • urban area fronting ontoit. and by marshlandsandnaturalisticreservoirs Walthamstow Wetlands this ischaracterised Urban wild–referred toasthe of the William GirlingReservoir. end inthesouthtonorthern Reservoir Central Leesidethisstretches from Banbury Suburban infrastructural–referred toas and west areas offarmlandandwoodland totheeast George V’s reservoir characterisedby the rst two oftheseareas are withinthe fi lterbed siteswitharelatively open fi eld, andthekey elementsand views across themarshes totheopenEssex expanse ofopen landwithlongdistance space which provides visitorswithalarge areaRammey Marshisanimportant ofpublic the landscape. and poplarswhichform aprominent feature in Lee navigation whichislinedby mature willows scrub. The eastern edgeisformed by theRiver undulating andisgradually being invaded by but hassincebeenback wasusedfor gravel part northern extraction including coloniesoforchids. Inthepast, the plant specieshave beenrecorded onthesite for and225 NatureImportance Conservation wildlife purposes. ItisasiteofMetropolitan Lee Valley Park Authority for recreation and plain oftheRiver Leeandmainly managedby rough ofthe grasslandforming part oftheborough.north Itisanarea oflow-lying and grasslandintheLee Valley area inthe Rammey Marshisthelargestarea ofmarshland valley. contribute tothesenseofopennessLee but areareas important ofgreen spacewhich (often fenced offwithhighsecurityfencing) Reservoir. These areas are generally inaccessible, between Brimsdown andKingGeorge V’s strip ofgrassland(known asSouthmarsh) side ofSwanandPike Road), andthelonglinear oftheKingGeorge north V’s (either Reservoir by Wright’s small pockets ofrough grazingland, for example Other areas ofmarshlandandgrasslandinclude foot from localareas. line create abarrier toaccessingthearea on waterways are poorandthe A1055 andrailway golf experience. However, connectionswiththe for auniqueruralcampingand opportunities fl our millinPonder’s Endandtothe fi lled. Itisnow slightly fl ood Reproduced fromtheOrdnance Surveymapwiththepermissionof controllerofHer Majesty’s Stationery Office.License Number100002205 Crown Copyright. 4a appearance. to increase itsecologicalvalueandimprove its regular managementandimproved boundaries Freezy Water tothesouth. Itisinneedof the M25andInnova ScienceParkand and provides avaluablegreen wedge between oftheGreengrassland whichforms part Belt Mollison Avenue tothesouth. This isrough to thenorth, therailway linetothewest and large area ofopenlandboundedby theM25 ofthecharacterareaThis part alsoincludesa are implemented. connection withGunpowder Parktotheeast future ifcurrent planstocreate anew bridge value ofthisarea willbeincreased inthe to thescaleoflandscape. The recreational some andliked by othersbutare appropriate side. They are largefeatures considered ugly by pylons are prominent intheskylineoneast beyondcountryside theM25. Largeelectricity 175 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 176 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 units onthe west side. side andby theback oflargescaleindustrial by thegrassbanksof thereservoir ontheeast the Lee Valley GolfCourse)andoverlooked some well-vegetated stretches (for exampleby In themiddle section, itismainly peacefulwith large-scale industrialbuildings onbothsides. both sides, atarmacsurfacedtowpath andwith comprising awidechannel withhard edgeson Hastingwood Trading Estate, itisheavily urban, end, as itpassestheStonehillBusinessParkand over theadjacentmarshland. At thesouthern tow pathwithbroad grassverges andviews with mature willows andpoplarswitha Marsh ithasthecharacterofaruralcanallined to urban. endby RammeyAt thenorthern changes considerably alongitslengthfrom rural The characteroftheRiver LeeNavigation for commercial traf route transport historically itwasanimportant Today itismainly usedby pleasure craftbut Lock, Ponders EndLockandPickett’s Lock. four setsoflocks: Rammey MarshLock, En the River Thames. Within theborough there are provides anavigable route from Hertford to Valley walk. This isthecanalisedchannelwhich Navigation whichprovides theroute oftheLee The westernmost channelistheRiver Lee Girling reservoirs. distance by theKingGeorge V and William village), andatothertimesseparatedsome other attimes(for exampleby En separate watercourses, runningclosetoeach borough. For mostofthelength, they are two channel fl The River LeeandtheRiver LeeNavigation River Lee River LeeNavigation channelandthe ow alongtheeasternsideof fi c toandfrom thecapital. fi eld island eld fi eld further securityfencing.further diffi little ecologicalorvisualvalueandissimilarly in anengineered concrete channelwhichhas construction ofthereservoirs. Itwasrealigned Island Village theriver wasdiverted toallow the which isurbanincharacter. SouthofEn due tothepresence ofhighsecurityfencing watercourse. However, itisdiffi vegetated onbothsidesforming anattractive endthisisawidechannelwell-the northern diverted route ofthe originalnaturalriver. At The River Leeistheeasternchanneland cult toaccessduethepresence of cult toaccess fi eld with theadjacentdensely urban areas. sheep. This gives aruralfeel whichcontrasts grass bankswhichare managedby grazing the key visible areas are theexternalperimeter air andnature for theborough. At ground level, they areinproviding important openness, fresh despite thelackofvisibility, inlandscape terms of thesefeatures canbeappreciated. However, Sewardstone thatthescaleandexpansiveness from anelevated viewpoint onthe A1307 in from tallbuildingswithintheborough and areasimportant isfrustratinganditonly the tallbunds. The lackofvisibility ofthese the presence ofhighsecurityfencing and but are rarely visibleatground level due to landscape features whenseenfrom theair perimeter bunds. They are monumental water withaconcrete liningandhighgrass The reservoirs are largeexpansesofopen as aSiteofSpecialScienti population andhave therefore been designated permit. bird alarge andimportant They support by membersofthereservoir sailingclubandby the George whichcanbeaccessed V Reservoir but currently have nopublicaccessotherthan They are owned andmanagedby Thames Water in1936butnotcompleteduntil1951.started by the whichwas William GirlingReservoir constructed Reservoirs. The George was V Reservoir are known togetherastheChingford The William GirlingandGeorge V Reservoirs Chingford Reservoirs fi rst (completedin1912)followed fi c Interest. c 177 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 178 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 Marshlands andgrasslands • • • Key issues than de passing through alandscape area rather create thesensethatMollison Avenue is extensionoftheareaimportant and the Rammey Marsharea. They are an Innova ScienceParksitefallwithin The broad landscape marginsofthe of Rammey Marsh). when compared withtheadjacentarea its visualqualityispoor(particularly Mollison Avenue andtheM25. However, by traffi asexperienced openness particularly Green Beltrole inproviding anarea of quality boundaries. Itplays animportant now anarea ofrough ground withpoor excavated for gravel andback greatest pressure. Inthepastitwas westnorth corneristhearea under Within theRammey Marsharea, the like areas offorgotten landscape. quality boundariesmakingthemappear little ornomanagementandhave poor in thevalley. Someoftheseareas have the largerareas ofgreenspace orwater green linksorsteppingstonesbetween infrastructure oftheLee Valley providing play role animportant inthegreen of rurallandscape. Together they Valley landscape providing pockets grasslands are key elementsoftheLee The areas ofmarshlandsand c passingthrough thearea on fi ning theedgetoit. fi lled andis • • • Implications would bebenefi profi landscape improvements toincrease the Regional Parkandtheintroduction of Mollison Avenue withintheLee Valley of thebeltlandonwest sideof Park andRammey Marshareas. Inclusion connections between theInnova Science create improved physical andvisual management measures are neededto Landscape improvements and the noiseandvisualimpactsofM25. include landscape measures tomitigate improve itslandscape quality. This should Marsh area andamanagementregime to land usetobefound for theRammey There isaneedfor asuitableGreen Belt of theareas. boundaries andimprove theappearance structure plantingtocreate stronger management regimes andlandscape but there isaneedfor improved suited tothecharacteroflandscape The useofthelandfor grazingiswell- le oftheregional parkinthisarea cial. River Lee River LeeNavigation channelandthe • Key issues • Implications character. fencing whichisurbanandhostilein stretches are fenced offby highpaladin often low key anduninviting andlong value. Connection pointstoroutes are utilised andhave limitedbiodiversity remain diffi improvements inrecent years they still and waterengineering. Despite ofnavigationtelling afascinatinghistory stretch thelengthofborough and borough forming blueribbons that River Leeare amajorassetfor the The River LeeNavigation andthe publicity. canal features andimproved signageand improved interpretation ofthehistoric to create improved biodiversity, circular routes, landscape improvements connections withtheadjacentareas, (2010).Strategy These includeimproved out intheUpperLee Valley Landscape range ofimprovements whichare set There isaneedfor investment ina cult toaccess, are under- Chingford Reservoirs • • Key issues • Implications necessary safety andsecuritymeasures.necessary public accesswhilststill maintaining the investigate for increased opportunities are underway with Thames Water to Lee Valley RegionalPark. Discussions and would raisethepro and fenced offwithsecurityfencing. inaccessible area hidden by grassbunds people however, thereservoirs are an urban areasLondon. ofnorth For most openness closetothedensely developed providing abreath-taking expanseof reservoirs, thisarea ishighly valued, For thefew whoknow andusethe provide majorbene to anduseofthereservoirs would The creation ofincreased publicaccess fi ts tolocalresidents fi le ofthe 179 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 6. CONCLUSIO 180 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 NS 181 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 182 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 • • • context for En torecogniseimportant andwhichprovide the borough-wide characteristicswhichare Firstly, there are overarching, someimportant Overarching borough characteristics tobe addressed.the issuesandopportunities describes thekey characteristicsandhighlights core characteroftheborough. This section proceeds inaway whichisconsistentwiththe considerations, ensuringthatnew development in termsofdirecting future policyanddesign special. They alsomay provide helpfulguidance the key features whichmake theborough character oftheborough intermsofprotecting of Enfi defi emerged whichparticularly A number ofkey themesandissueshave CONCLUSIONS the network oflocalconnections. sense ofplace for local centres, andsupport routes continue toprovide afocus anda routes andthere isaneedtoensure these a seriesofhistoricconnections andmajor The borough iscrossed andconnectedby quality. These areas are tobecelebrated. typologies ofarchitectural andurbandesign areas oftheborough, andbuildings historiccentres withintheurban surviving well managedsectionsofrurallandscape, the borough withhighly attractive and There are many areas ofreal qualityin neighbourhoods toruralcountryside. from denseurbancentres, through suburban character andcontainsthefullspectrum London borough ithasadistinctly different infl The borough hasauniquecharacter eld. These aretotheongoing important uenced strongly by itstopography -asa fi eld’s uniquecharacter. ne thecharacter Hadley Wood Cockfosters Arnos Grove Oakwood Southgate Crews Hill Palmers Green Winchmore Hill Gordon Hill Grange Park Enfield Chase Enfield Town Bush HillPark Silver Street Edmonton Green Southbury or civilproceedings. LondonBorough ofEn reproduction infringesCrown copyright andmay leadtoprosecution Of Her Majesty'sStationery permission ofOrdnance Survey onbehalfoftheController of This map isreproduced from Ordnance Survey materialwiththe Turkey Street Angel Road Ponders End Brimsdown Enfield Lock fi ce ©Crown copyright. Unauthorised fi eld DENF003. eld further guidanceandactionshould befocused. further attention, aswell assomethemeswhere some speci recommendations work for further highlighting This chapter thenconcludeswith • • • identifi opportunities the following themesrefl Here thestudy’s conclusions are ordered under wherever possible. Council policyandprivatelandowner actions whichshouldinform both and opportunities The studyhasidenti huge diversity oftypologiesacross theborough. and pressure for changehave establisheda we seetoday. Successive periodsofgrowth pattern ofdevelopment and landscape which The evolution oftheborough hassecured the landscape interface. attheurban/ Issues andopportunities Landscape issuesandopportunities; and Urban issuesandopportunities; fi c areas oftheborough thatrequire fi ed throughout: ed ed aseriesofissues ecting theissuesand • • • • • • • neighbourhoods: borough’s urbancharacteristics, typologiesand been highlightedthrough theanalysis ofthe The followinghave issuesandopportunities URBAN ISSUES AND OPPORTUNITIES past mistakes. clear cuesfrom itscontext, andtoavoid terms ofensuringnew development takes The needtolearnfrom thepast-bothin neighbourhoods inthelong term. to ensure more sustainablesuburban localcentres ofsupporting The importance established patternsandfuture character. to actaddress trends whichthreaten typologies across theborough andtheneed The shiftinlanduseshappening invarious for future development. in theborough andtheimplicationsthishas The prevalence oftheperimeterblockform and adjacentneighbourhoodscentres. positive relationship between key routes routes toensure andtheopportunities a The role ofhistoricconnectionsandmajor alterations. guard againstthecumulative impactofsmall good “everyday places”andtheneedto ofthemanyThe importance examplesof the borough. of architecture andurbandesignthroughout The needtocelebratethegood examples or civilproceedings. LondonBorough ofEn reproduction infringes Crown copyright andmay leadtoprosecution Of Her Majesty'sStationery permission ofOrdnance Survey onbehalfofthe Controller of This map isreproduced from Ordnance Survey materialwiththe fi ce ©Crown copyright. Unauthorised fi eld DENF003. eld 183 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 184 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 further originalfeaturesfurther are lost. protectionwhich could meritfurther before provides arichandattractive environment coupled withasophisticated level ofdetailing Here, thearchitectural and urbancomposition, developments suchastheBeacons elements ofpost-warhousing, including1950s movement.signifi Also design, strongly in the development ofpublicsectorhousing in theirtimeandwere stages in important Green. These were signifi such astheHydeEstateclosetoEdmonton are someofthepublicsectorhousingareas Just asinnovative, butasyet undesignated attachment tothearea. and elementofcommunity memory important the qualityandsenseofplace. Itforms an makes ahighly signi The valueoftheborough’s historic environment change intheinterwaryears. re the bestexamplesofsuburbandevelopment, areas whichseektoprotectconservation However, there are now alsoanumber of before thewidespread growth ofthesuburbs. elementsofhistorical developmentimportant areas generallyThe conservation cover the oftheurbanarea.of theparklandtonorth of theborough and alsogive awide coverage areas arethe conservation inthecentralpart are oftheborough. intheeasternpart Mostof Enfi value enhancement ofundesignatedareas of of thehistoricenvironment andthe Celebrating quality: Conservation fl atatimeofgreatecting theirimportance eld has 22 conservation areas, eld has22conservation few ofwhich fl uenced by thegarden city fi cant contributionto cant are the betterquality cant publicprojects fi eld Estate. of policiesattached. Distinctive Quality’withanappropriate set designation ofsuchareas as ‘Areas of It may beappropriate toconsiderthe that detractfrom anderode thecharacter. the impactofsmallcumulative changes toguardfeel against itisalsoimportant In areas suchasthiswhichretain acohesive areas intheborough. anddistinctiveimportant characterofthese realm. This would helptoreinforce the greater attentiontothequalityofpublic and localdevelopment policiesthatgive benefi the HydeandBeacons development. These examples, suchas andurban phases ofsocialhistory character andwhichembodyimportant which have avaluableandattractive There are anumber ofareas intheborough Implications t greatly from improved management fi eld estateswould The HydeEstate represents a highqualityundesignated exampleofurbandesign intheborough boundary de boundary to provide parking, resulting inthelossof typical suburbanareas have been converted Parking infront gardens line alongthestreet; and changing theoverall compositionoftheroof- destroying ofthepair and thesymmetry is converted underpermitteddevelopment, with hippedroofs, where theloftofone house signifi Loft conversions decoration; colour compared totheoriginalfor external surface oralternatively choosingagarish cladding, rendering orpaintingover theoriginal Changes tothefront elevation impact: a number ofchangeswhichhave aparticular dish through tomajoroverhauls, butthere are range from thesimpleaddition ofasatellite composition ofthetownscape. Modi owners, gradually fragmentingtheoriginal buildings have beenmuch modi as fashionsandcircumstances changethese have provided robust family housing. However, which create good streets andspaces Victorian, Edwardian andinter-war buildings Enfi areas thatmake uptherest oftheborough. to thegood everyday places–thesuburban merit, greater recognition needstobeafforded historic characterandbuildingsofsingular protecting thoseareas whichhave special areas arein Whilst conservation important Good everyday places buildings and thestreet for theworse. realm, changing therelationship between the drainage. This weakens thequalityof public inhavingeld isfortunate alargestockof cant impactonsemi-detachedhouses fi nition, planting andnatural –thiscanhave aparticularly – many gardens in –including fi ed by their fi cations modifi residential designguidancedealing withsmall this regard might bethedevelopment of of streets intheborough. A key toolin on thevalueofcohesive character by information supported andeducation a more coordinated approach, perhaps also management couldbedeveloped toprovide where localdevelopment control policies and cumulative lossofcharacter. This isanarea to buildings, butwhichover timeleadtoa small externalchangeswhich canbemade signifi particularly oftheoverallThe importance group is harmony withtherest ofthegroup. that where buildingsare changed, itisin of asinglebuildingiskey stageinensuring street ratherthanprioritisingtheindividuality and valuingthecollective identityofthe rest oftheterrace orstreet. Understanding relationship between onebuildingandthe the qualities ofthebuildingsandparticularly understanding andappreciation ofthe Improvements willcomefrom agreater designations. areain areas outsidetheconservation greater heedtothedesignoftheirproperties will encourageorrequire peopletopay information, publicityandguidancewhich buildings canbeusedasthebasisfor which celebratethequalitiesofborough’s It ishopedthatdocumentslike thisone no control over whatchangeisacceptable. rights meaningthatthecouncilhaslittleor carried outwithinpermitteddevelopment Many ofthechangesnotedabove canbe Implications cations andextensions, controlling cant inthelightofmany as illustrated here for terracesVictorian The lossoffront treatments isaproblem gardens for andboundary manyof thetypologies intheborough, realm verges andhedges. maintenance orreinstatement for public the privaterealm andproviding adequate of hedges, boundariesandfront gardens in and guidancetodiscouragetheremoval maintaining theoverall character, usingpolicy public realmpieceof isalsoanimportant Protecting thecharacter andqualityofthe impact onthestreet character. gable loftconversions which canhave suchan features suchassideextensionsandhip-to- character andtheappearance ofclutter Changes tofront elevations canresult inthelossof 185 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 186 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 as aconsequence. centre andboosttheviability ofthelocalshops uses whichhelp toattractpeople alocal roleimportant alongsidepost of or councilof Thirdly, suchaslibraries publicservices of eachtheseareas. pedestrian-friendly spacewillreinforce therole to de an environment andstreetscape whichhelps system by thethrough-traf and thedemandsplaced onthehighways and commercial needsofthelocalcommunity Secondly, there is con thereby dilutingthecharacterofeachplace. of activityandfocus whichpromotes vitality- in toone-another. This fragmentsthelevels the pointwhere somecentres seemtomerge gradually extendedanddilutedover timeto Firstly, linearcentres onkey routes have been for anumber ofreasons. routes. However, they are vulnerabletochange centre ofthevariouscommunities alongthe andactasthe useful localshopsandservices remain today important becausethey provide The linearcentres alongthekey historicroads stock ofhistoricfabric. shop fronts andmodi the borough, andbehindthemodernveneer of constituted someoftheearliestsettlementsin Linear development alongthese key routes traditionally brought communities together. communities, thehistoricroutes have Cambridge Roadwhichdivideareas and Circularof theNorth RoadandtheGreat Unlike routes themajortwentieth century Key routes andconnections fi ne eachcentre andcreate a more fi ces insmallcentres play an fi fl cations isaconsiderable ict between thesocial fi c. Creation of fi ces asanchor the distinctiveness ofthevarioussettlements. the transitionbetween areas andtocelebrate better highlightedaslandmarkstodemarcate gateways andotherthresholds whichcouldbe Finally, there are anumber ofkey buildings, community above through-traf needs ofthepedestrians andthewiderlocal of thepublicrealm soastoprioritisethe Great care shouldbegiven tothedesign the publicrealm by thelocalcommunity. commercial andsocialdemandsplacedon traffi they needtoprovide athrough-route for the competingroles ofthecentres. Whilst There needstobecareful considerationof will helptoreinforce localdistinctiveness. Emphasis onkey buildingsandotherassets different centres may alsohelpinthisregard. thresholds andgateways attheentrancesto with eachother. A stronger senseof potential to ‘creep’ outwards andmerge can bemore tightly focussed, limitingtheir helpful toconsiderways inwhichthey To promote successfulcentres itmay be providing connectionsaround theborough. continue toplay signi avery for manylocalcentres important butalso historic routes isthatthey are thelocation oftheborough’sThe importance key Implications c thisneedstobebalancedagainstthe fi cant role in fi c.

in theborough’s local characterandvitality centres isneeded tosupport A balancebetween keeping traf fi c moving onkey routes anattractive environment andensuring pedestrian intended ascommunal facilities. integration andlimitsuseofwhatmay be roads dividecommunities. This discourages around theactivitiesalongitslength, thelarger and draws anumber ofcommunities together Hertford Roadwhichactsasthecentralspine communities from one-another. Unlike the Great CambridgeRoadhasbeentoseparate CircularThe impactoftheNorth Roadandthe away.neighbourhoods further route isnoticeably poorer thansimilarstyle integrity, ofneighbourhoodsadjacenttothe where theenvironmental quality, andultimately Circular trueforis particularly theNorth Road adversely affected by thesemajorroutes. This original characterofneighbourhoodshasbeen on eithersideoftheseroads where the noted thefragmentationofurbanareas borough. The characterisationstudyhas of theareas alongtheirroute through the which have asigni Cambridge Road(A10)are majorbarriers CircularThe North RoadandtheGreat The impactofstrategicroads fi cant impactonthecharacter rather than blank or secondary elevations. rather than blank orsecondary with thestreet, including active frontages provide anappropriate level ofengagement against theimpactofnoise, to itisimportant many people. Whilst wantingtomitigate impressionimportant of theborough for CircularNorth isakey route and forms an toappreciateIt isimportant that the Enfi character andin environment, butwhichalsodraw their which are bothsuitedtotheparticular which new development typescanbeused This shouldincludeidentifyingways in roads anddealwiththeimpactofnoise. the urbanfabriccanrelate tothesebusy toexploreopportunity new ways inwhich the North Circularthe North Roadoffers asigni New Southgateandthewesternof part The Area Action Planbeing developed for integrated centres. potential for reinvention asmore urban, Great CambridgeRoadholdsigni to be. Areas suchastheretail parkonthe routes whichmake thempositive places stronger focal pointsofactivityalongthe include makingapositive tocreate effort themselves couldbeinvestigated. This may for enhancingthequalityofroutes be explored. Inaddition, thescope Circular Roadand A10, theseshould neighbourhoods adjacenttotheNorth environmental enhancementsto Where existtoenable opportunities Implications eld typology. eld fl uence from the prevailing fi cant fi cant environmental enhancements The impactof strategic routes onadjacentneighbourhoods andtheircharacter couldbemitigated through 187 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 188 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 • • • lessonsfor futureimportant development: a number ofkey strengths whichprovide The perimeterblockinallitsvariationshas development. can beseeninmore recentpark technology follows aperimeterblockform anditsin centres. Smallscaleindustrialuseoftenloosely integrates withhistoric, linearandMetroland various elementsofhistoricdevelopment and city styledevelopments. Itincorporatesthe through totheclassicsuburbsandgarden Victorian gridsofEn Examples rangesfrom thedense, regular in whichpublicandprivatespaceisde the borough andis successful duetotheway block istheprevailing character form within sectionofthisreport,typology theperimeter As hasbeendemonstratedthrough the perimeter blocks Urban block structure –therelevance of where aregular grid may be dif block structure toadapt tohilly terrain in theinter-war suburbs, also allows the fl grids through tolargerlooserpatterns. The of blocksizeandshape, rangingfrom regular The arrangement adaptable isvery interms creating totheblock; asafe heart Rear gardens backontooneanother, open accesstothecentre oftheblock. active usesaround theblockandprevents generally feels safe duetothepresence of creates anattractive environment which edge oftheblockfacingintostreet The arrangement ofbuildingsaround the cycling; offering good conditionsfor walkingand generally easytonavigate andpermeable, It creates networks ofstreets whichare exible grid structure, much more common fi eld LockandBowes Park fi cult tobuild fi ned. fl uence • • • centre. perimeter and shared amenity spaceinthe create good street frontage around the schemeswhich high densityapartment highdensities ofdevelopment,very including The perimeterblockform isadaptable to development. between existingdevelopment andnew as great asenseofcontinuity aspossible and there shouldbepressure tocreate integrates withtheexisting urbanstructure, should berequired todemonstratehow it over alongperiod. New development has proved robust, adaptable andsuccessful the borough. Itistheprevailing form and consideration ofany new development in other, pointfor should form thestarting The perimeterblock, insome form or Implications continuing theurbanform. existing development, forging new linksand can beeasily added toandintegratedwith edge condition. This means that new areas until constrainedby majorbarriers orother It canbein residential areas; and functions suchasschoolswithinotherwise fi A widerangeofusescanbeadapted to plan; pioneered intheHampsteadGarden Suburb de-sacs withintheblocks, inthemanner The gridcanadapt toincludesmallcul- within otherwiseregular patterns; areas whichincludeelementsofopenspace, of geometriclayouts found ingarden city out. Italsoadapts well touseinthekind t intothegridform, integratingpublic fi nitely extendedandreplicated here inFreezywater Extensive areas of terraced are foundVictorian streets blocks intheform theborough, ofperimeter as eastern and central parts oftheborougheastern andcentral parts terracedVictorian areas isfound represent across which ahigh densityformat the blocks for perimeter happen inaplanned way. a needtoensure future changesintheborough more appropriate toacceptthe change, there is that canresult, andwhilst inthisexampleitis of largescaleretail isanexampleofthe change accessibility. The Great Cambridge Roadcluster above have comparatively poorpublictransport locations. Bothofthelocationshighlighted in themostappropriate andaccessible thattheseactivitiesareIt isimportant located and there isacleardemandfor theseactivities. non-retail areas represents agrowing market Whilst thisdevelopment ofretail activitiesin furniture stores andcarshow-rooms. large retail activitiesincludingsupermarkets, zone, buthas now emerged intopublic-facing establishment oftraderetail warehouses inthis uses developing. This hasgrown outofthe trend whichhasseenretail andleisure Lee Valley corridor there hasbeenarecent Within theindustrialbandadjacentto route, whichisintheGreen Belt. impact ontheenvironmental qualityofthemain general street clutterwhichhashadanegative with itsignifi addition, thisextensionofactivities has brought on localroads, atweekends. particularly In visitor destination, resulting inadditional traf alongside plants. This hascreated asigni garden centres sellingawide rangeofproducts in recent years andhave gradually become useshaveand nursery grown substantially In Crew’s Hillthetraditionalglasshouse occurred, tothedetrimentoflocalcharacter. where theblurring oftraditionallanduseshas There are anumber ofinstancesintheborough Land useshift cantly more advertising, signageand fi cant fi c development for thelongterm. which would deliver appropriate contextual identify alongtermsustainablestrategy immediate periodoftransitionandto approach would betolookbeyond the to expand. However, amore proactive land useare acceptableandcancontinue recommend thattheemergingpatternsof In someinstances, analysis may further green beltland. areas andtheexpansionofretail activityon growth ofretail andleisure usesinindustrial implemented. appliesThis particularly tothe stretching’ canthenbedeveloped and the establishedpatternsby ‘blurring and evolving changesoflandusethatthreaten character toanother. Measures toaddress period oftransitionfrom oneform of and Crews Hillwhichappear tobe ina areas suchas The Great CambridgeRoad toreviewis important theconditionsin signifi level ofactivityoutlinedabove present a Changes tothepatternoflanduseand Implications cant challengetotheborough. It pattern which needsmanaging toensure localcharacter and thevitalityofcentrespattern which donotsuffer Traditionally areas haveseenatrend industrial towards big box retail development inrecent years, a 189 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 190 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 day to day activity. and willpromote amore sustainablepatternof more viablelocalcentres willbebetterused terms ofvibrancyandcharacter. Stronger and ‘stretched’ alongroutes andbecomedilutedin thoselinearcentresparticularly whichhave some ofthelocalcentres intheborough, At thesametimethere isaneedtostrengthen is inherently unsustainable. car andthere isapatternofdevelopment which low densityandencouragesmany tousetheir Combined withanoverall urbanlayout whichis glazing, they are stillrelatively ineffi energy boilers, loftinsulationandsensitive double- benefi and someare upto90years old. Even withthe developments are now mostly over 60years old The interwarsuburbsandgarden citystyle suffi to enabletheseneighbourhoodscontribute sustainability objectives willneedtobeachieved delicate balancebetween historiccharacterand of longtermsustainability. Inmany casesa the borough represents achallengeinterms of many ofthesuburbanneighbourhoodsin The low densityandpurely residential character centres Sustainable suburbsandstronger local ciently totheborough’s overall aims. t ofeasymodi fi cations suchasef fi cient cient. greater community cohesion. the senseoflocalidentityandpromoting have soundcommunity bene live more sustainably. This isalso likely to best possiblechancetoshoplocally and areas toensure thatpeopleare offered the also thepatternandstructure ofthelocal the issuesrelating toindividualbuildingsbut Enfi to improve theoverall sustainabilityof Consideration needstobegiven astohow Implications eld’s suburbs. This shouldcover both fi ts,reinforcing shopping for thoselivingin En and local sustainable lifestyle choices tohelp support Suburban local centres offer major opportunities fi eld’s suburban neighbourhoods • • • • • • • • Common failures includethefollowing: housing. some laterschemes, publicsector particularly perimeter blockdevelopments were ignored in from the Victorian, Edwardian andinter-war clear lessonsongood practicetobegleaned have happened inthelasthalfcentury. The almost alloftheissueswe perceive asmistakes forms ofdevelopment intheborough isthat considering therelative meritsofthedifferent The key conclusionwhichisapparent when again inthefuture. past mistakes toavoid makingsimilarerrors development inEnfi we canlearnfrom theprevious phasesof There are agreat many positive thingswhich context Learning from the pastandbuildingin Lack ofappropriate materialsanddesignstyle. infrastructure; and Loss oflandscaping, hedges andothergreen leading todislocatedcommunities; Lack ofintegrationwithsurrounding areas and massingofearlierdevelopment; Lack ofreference totheprevailing grain, scale underground parking; the impactofsurfaceparking anddecked/ Poor integrationofthecar, bothintermsof permeability; Fragmentation ofhistoric blockstructure and surveillance; resulting inalossofactivityandpassive between theindividualhouseandstreet, A break down intheconventional relationship defi building line, with highpermeabilitybutapoor Lack ofaclearblockstructure andcontinuous nition ofpublicandprivatespace; eld. We canalsolearnfrom an appropriate manner. the contextfor asiteandresponding toitin promote agreater focus onunderstanding using analysis documentssuchasthisto to appropriate forms ofdevelopment and through providing cleardesignguidanceas the borough are high. This canbesupported thatstandards ofdesignin It isimportant and grain. intermsoftheblockstructureparticularly manner intotheexistingtownscape and new development inamore holisticurban more strongly onthepotentialtointegrate visual link. Instead, itshouldfocus much materials ormotifstocreate apurely qualities ofbuildingstyleorusecertain should extendwell beyond thesuper It isclearthattheissueofcontextualdesign Implications fi cial (on the right) hasbeen designedwithaground(on theright) oftakingcuesfrom theimmediate contextisillustratedThe importance here where anew development fl oor heightoutofscale withtherest oftheterrace 191 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 192 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 • • • and places: borough’s landscape characteristics, typologies been highlightedthrough theanalysis ofthe The followinghave issuesandopportunities OPPORTUNITIES LANDSCAPE ISSUES AND borough’s biodiversity. the to climatechangeandsupporting and green spacesinenablingadaptation ofthewiderlandscape The importance buildings; and the needtomanageincidenceoftall the borough from thehigherlandscape and ofviews andgatewaysThe importance into management; quality landscape andtheriskofunder oftheborough’sThe importance high of leisure activities. that Itwillbeimportant andenjoy arange experience the countryside provide for peopleto anexcellent opportunity residents. As aresult they are well usedand are allhighly regarded and valuedby local Hall,Forty Whitewebs Park and Trent Park managed. effect whichshouldbecurbedand then and buildingsishaving asigni increased traf as appropriate usesintheGreen Beltthe originsareWhilst thehorticultural regarded into more generalgarden-related retail. centre for horticulturehasgradually progressed The gradualdevelopment ofCrews Hillasa so attractive. play role animportant inmakingthelandscape fi basis, leadingtohigherretention ofhedgerows, managed onamore hard-nosed commercial fi has tendedtomaintainapatternofsmaller the biodiversityofarea. andecology This parks, andwhichalsoplaces a highvalueon landscape, around particularly the key country careful accountofthehistoricnature ofthe is presently managedinaway whichtakes and stewardship oftheborough council. It proportion ofitisunderthemanagement green beltarea inEn strengthsOne oftheparticular leisure uses. combining parklands, woods, farmlandand the openlandscape outsidetheurbanareas, Enfi One ofthemostdistinguishingfeatures of under management High qualitylandscape andtheriskof eld margins, copsesandotherfeatures which elds thanmighthave beenthecasewere they eld asaLondonBorough isthequalityof fi c andthevisualimpactofsignage fi eld isthatsuchalarge fi cant detrimental cant managed. on thelandscape andhistoricassetsiscarefully whilst accessispromoted theimpactofthisis • • • people, itdoes require careful management: is highqualityandwell regarded by many Whilst thelandscape intheGreen Belt Implications and activities. of parkingareas, amenities, accessways visitor numbers through careful design time minimisingtheimpactofincreased promote accesswhilstatthesame Management ofthehistoricparksto for sustainableuses;strategy and and todevelop anappropriate longterm commercial development inthearea Hill area tolimittheimpactof Pro-active managementoftheCrews ofthelandscape; quality andecology and tree cover tomaintainthevisual existing patternsofhedges, areas tomaintainandextendthe Ongoing managementoftheagricultural fi eld margins eld supporting theircharacterandlong termquality supporting regimes ofthewider landscape are essentialto The agricultural andparklandmanagement to important locations orcentresto important – their notedfornot particularly theirrelationship However, theseare residential clustersand the borough withfour groups oftall buildings. of part the Easterncorridor inthenorthern buildings intheimmediate area. The secondis role, but whichalsohasanumber ofothertall buildings whichplays alegitimatelandmarking centre ofEdmontonGreen hasaclusteroftall these isaround Edmonton, where the town falling intothree loosegroupings. The eastern sideoftheborough, withthemajority of thetallbuildingsinEn could beaffected by aprominent building. Most areas ofspecialcharacterorkey views which with topography, where particularly there are Tall buildingshave relationship animportant are visible. very role,important whilst buildingsonhighground landscape suchasthis, roofscape plays an completely rurallandscape. In anundulating closetoLondon,very thecharacterisofa the agriculturalareas where, despitebeing apparentThis isparticularly insomeof areas andasenseofmore intimatescale. limits therangeofvisiontocreate enclosed However, away from theridges, thelandscape on ridgesfor somespectacularlongviews. landscape inthewest creates vantagepoints character oftheborough. Firstly, theundulating north. This hasanumber ofkey impactsonthe Valley toundulatinglandscape inthewest and relatively fl landscape alsovariesacross theborough from the Lee Valley intheeast. The nature ofthe high ground inthewest tothelow ground of Enfi and topography The relationship between tallbuildings eld hasaclearly de at low lying areas alongsidetheLee fi ned topography, from fi eld are located onthe fi rst of rst conservation area. conservation it hasasubstantialimpactonthe Trent Park ridge over the Trent Parkmeansthat Country close toshopsandservices, itspositiononthe nodeand building suchasbeingatatransport it meetsanumber oflocationalcriteriafor atall landscape.to impactonanimportant Although clear exampleofthepotentialfor atallbuilding The offi administrative centre oftheborough. greatly admired they dohelptomarkthe Road. Although neitherofthesebuildingsis by thelargeresidential tower onSydney Enfi The third and much smallergrouping isaround somewhat limited. placeisthereforemight signifyanimportant role asusefulorlegitimate landmarkswhich eld Town, withtheCivicCentre joined ce buildingatCockfosters stationisa east. borough andfrom Waltham Forest tothe including views from thewestern halfofthe oflongerlandscape views, visiblepart very within tighturbanareas they stillform a landscape canhelptoobscure tallbuildings tall buildings. Whilst thelow lying fl that thearea istherefore suitable for other before thisisassumedtobeanindicator side oftheborough care shouldbetaken a number oftallbuildingsonthe eastern the Lee Valley corridor. Although there are to thelikely pressure for tallbuildingsalong considerationshouldalso begivenFurther solution tohousing. and provide amore acceptablelongterm integrate more effectively withtheircontext relate tothislocalcharacterare likely to block development modelswhichbetter their surroundings. Highdensityperimeter area andtypically donotintegratewell with block characterofthemajorityurban representative oftheprevailing perimeter high densitydevelopment they are not tall buildingsare generally associatedwith to considertherole oftallbuildings. Whilst borough andthesepresent anopportunity regeneration projects are plannedinthe which they usefully mark. A number ofmajor and tocentreslocations orotherimportant topography, existingclustersoftallbuildings, should begiven totheirrelationship tothe examples are beingconsidered, thought feature oftheborough. Where new Tall buildingswillcontinue tobeasignifi Implications atter cant importance ofviews intoandacross theboroughimportance borough informed must by beclosely the The position of future tallbuildingsinthe 193 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 194 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 into question. classic suburbsrises, itslongevity may come quality green infrastructure inareas suchasthe In addition, asthecostofmaintaining thehigh little room for otherforms ofstreet greenery. indenseurbanareasparticularly where there is and street toprovide greenery parkingspaces against trends suchasthelossoffront gardens In thissenseitistherefore toguard important borough’s adaptability tofuture climatechange. strong basisuponwhich toestablishthe street andgardens. greenery This isavery consciously designedtoincludesigni many oftheplannedestatesandsuburbswere well distributedseriesofopenspaces, but of green infrastructure. Notonly isthere a The borough isblessed withastrong network adaptation Biodiversity andclimatechange fi cant quality areas shouldbethefocus. and targetingenhancementsonpoorer protecting theexistingandbestelements and willbeincreasingly important. Therefore alleviation aswell asclimateadaptation is biodiversity, drainageand infrastructure network insupporting in theborough. The role ofthegreen longtermsustainability to support toenhanceitsfunctionality opportunities green infrastructure andlooktofurther There isaneedtoprotect existing Implications fl ood risk ood climate change must be recognised and enhancement opportunities maximised to support character maximisedtosupport must change berecognisedclimate andenhancement opportunities The role ofgreen infrastructure environments across comfortable intheface theborough of insupporting • • urban edge: between themore rurallandscape andthebuilt borough’s urbanfringeandtheinterface been highlightedthrough theanalysis ofthe The followinghave issuesandopportunities URBAN /LANDSCAPEINTERFACE OPPORTUNITIES ATISSUES AND THE neighbourhoods andindustrialparks. the adjacenturbanareas -bothresidential relationship between theLee Valley and for enhancingthe The opportunities the urbanedge; and aclearandenduringinterface with support The needtoprotect theGreen Belt and countryside variessigni countryside and thequalityofinterfacewithrural The urbanfringeoftheborough isdiverse access. degreesnumber ofgolf courseswithvarying impact ontheiraccessibility. Enfi same timetheusesofGreen Belthave an networks from theurbanfringeispoor. At the itselfisgood,countryside accessontothese Whilst thenetwork offootpaths withinthe Green oftheproblem. Beltisalsomajorpart However, accessatthesmallerscaleinto use ofEn the reason for therelatively low recognition and the southeast, are notgreatof andthisispart of Enfi to eithervisitorsorresidents. Itslinkstotherest oftheimageboroughdoes notform part However, this isrelatively poorly recognised and an expanseofrurallandwithinitsboundary. Enfi assets //Urban-ruralinterface Rural hinterland// Access tolandscape local neighbourhood isexperienced. to theurban adramaticsenseofenclosure and open androlling countryside. And from therural urban tothe ruralarea, thefringe gives way to transition pointinbothdirections. From the The urbanfringeshould be anattractive this hasresulted inamuddying oftheinterface. ongoing pressure alongtheurbanfringe ‘line’ and However, inmany othercasesthere hasbeen itsprotection.has subsequently supported immediately adjacentthatissohighly prized and views from thesebuildingsover thecountryside the builtedge. Inmany ofthese cases, itisthe and distinction between opencountryside cases thisinterfaceischaracterisedby aclear eld isoneoffew Londonboroughs withsuch eld, thedenserurbanareas particularly in fi eld’scountryside. fi cantly. Inthebest eld hasalarge typology work).typology on thosehighlightedinthelandscape of key pressure points isrequired (building interface alltheway alongtheedgeareview transition achieved. To secure ahighquality be considered inasensitive way andaclear within itsboundary, theurbanedgemust with suchanextensive area ofcountryside a borough. Given En benchmark for thecharacterofEn the urban-ruralinterfaceisanimportant routes.public transport The quality of but itwillalsobeaboutpromotion and establishing betterphysical connections, Corridor. Insomecasesthiswillbeabout andtheLee Green Beltcountryside Valley borough’s landscape assets, the particularly enhancing theaccessibilityanduseof There isaneedtoconsiderways of Implications fi eld’s uniqueposition fi eld as eld gateways into theborough adjacent neighbourhoods andthequality ofthe has aprofound effect onthe characterofthe The qualityof theurban-landscapeinterface 195 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 196 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 so important inthislocation. so important undermining theemployment activitieswhichare a positive role infacilitatingaccess, whilstnot The industrialareas therefore needtodevelop landscape resource andassetsoftheLee Valley. growing imperative toprovide accesstothe has occurred over thelast100years, there is immediately tothewest oftheLee Valley which Given theintensifi to accessEn of theRiver Leehas, over time, created abarrier of successive industrialactivitiesalongtheline character andsenseofplacetoday. The history continues tohave amajorin oftheborough’spart evolution, andonethat inEn ofindustry The history Industrial legacyandtheLee Valley fi eld’s extensive waterfront. cation oftheresidential areas fl fi uence onits eld isakey connections created inthegrowth areas. to accesstheriver valley through new of thearea toenabletheborough’s residents connections shouldform akey characteristic waterfront’. New andimproved physical toreclaima lifetime opportunities ‘En fi proposed growth zonesrepresent oncein neighbourhoods andtheLee Valley itself. The facilitate betteraccessbetween residential One ofthedimensionschangeisto through thecouncil’s regeneration strategy. represents for change amajoropportunity edge oftheborough alongtheLee Valley The plannedgrowth around theeastern Implications eld’s the proximity ofthe Lee Valley theappropriateliftin character given parkswillhelpthese areas experience neighbourhoods andindustrial Stronger connections betweentheLee Valley’s environmental assetsandthe adjacentresidential future work: has identifi and regeneration strategies. However, thisstudy the subjectofsigni the borough. oftheborough Parts are already multitude ofassets, strengths andissuesacross The characterisationstudyhashighlighteda –areas offutureSummary work ed thefollowing additional areas for fi cant area-speci cant fi c planning planning c the surrounding localpopulation. help toensure amore positive integrationwith as anout-of-town shoppingarea. This would with theattributesofatown centre ratherthan Roadanditspossible recon Southbury as thetradingestatebetween LincolnRoadand is potentialtoconsiderthefuture ofareas such and cycleenvironment. Inthelongerterm, there tackle thisissueandtoimprove thepedestrian joining themtogether. existto Opportunities so essentially dividescommunities ratherthan it lacksthehistoricoriginsofoldroad and corridor.Road isamajortransport However, Like theHertford Road, theGreat Cambridge Great Cambridge Roadcorridor character andviabilityofkey localcentres. eastern sideoftheborough, reinforcing the provide avibrantandsuccessfulspinetothe strengthen allthree facetsofthecorridor to key route. transport existto Opportunities within thelocalcommunities anditsrole asa roleimportant thatthechainofcentres plays historic signifi assetintermsofits This isanundervalued Hertford Roadcorridor AREAS cance anditsbuildings, the fi guration guration relationship withtheroad. building typeswhichproperly address the provides tode anopportunity and inthewesternemerging part AAP which theimpactsofroad canbemitigated buildings. Inbothcasesthere willbeways in constant pressure oftraf conventional arrangement butsuffers from the and cyclistswhilstthewesternhasamore part creates signi avery isgradeseparated andso The easternpart character alongitslengththrough theborough. CircularThe North Roadhasdistinctareas of CircularNorth Road the garden centres, signage, parkingandtraf to limitthevisualandenvironmental impactsof the area hasacquired, butalsoconsideringhow perhaps acknowledging butlimitingtheretail role vision would behelpfultocontrol future change, uses.agricultural andplantnursery A coherent what mightbeconsidered reasonable intermsof has seengradualchangethatcrept beyond Crews Hillisanarea oftheGreen Beltwhich Crews Hill fi cant barrier topedestrians fi c onsurrounding fi ne appropriate ne fi c positive localcharacter. have asigni planning andenvironmental can interventions borough. They represent where opportunities social andultimately economicimpactsfor the unchecked, willcontinue withenvironmental, for adeteriorationofcharacterwhich, ifleft Each have real strengths, butare alsonoted projected toresidents, businessesandvisitors. borough’s evolution, itscharacterandtheimage These areas are signi fi cant impactandrestore astrong fi cant intermsofthe 197 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 198 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 unduly detrimentalimpactonthe street. modifi as sideextensions, loftconversions andother appropriate ways inwhichdevelopments such streets andneighbourhoodsdemonstrate the valueofcohesive group designwithin houses intheborough. This shouldemphasise approach totheextensionandmodi which canbeusedtopromote asensitive It would bebene Residential alterationsandextensions ofthisstudy.undertaken aspart key views andlandscape characteristics taking intoaccounttheanalysis oftopography, of tallbuildingsintheborough would behelpful, more detailedviews analysis andconsideration often beseenashaving anegative in the legibilityandcharacterofplaces, they can some tallbuildingscanhave apositive impacton ofmajorregenerationpart projects. Whilst increasing populationdensities, as particularly pressure for more tallbuildingstorespond to and itislikely thatthere willcontinue tobe Tall buildingshave animpactacross theborough Views and tallbuildings THEMES cations canbemadewithouthaving an fi cial todevelop designguidance fl fi uence. A cation of of cation war period(suchastheBeacons period (suchastheHydeEstate)orinpost- built by thepublicsectoreitherininter-war borough hasanumber ofattractive housingareas Enfi Estates commercial areas oftheborough. of theurbanenvironment intheshoppingand attentionshouldbepaidtothequality Particular raise theoverall qualityofstreets andspaces. Declaration onUrbanDesign, would helpto theborough’sof designguidancetosupport approach tostreetscene, perhaps intheform the characterofborough. A coordinated The publicspacesplay role animportant in Public realm through owner modi this isnotallowed todegradeover time, either of protection andmanagementtoensure that which would benefi These have anattractive andcohesive character Quality (ADQs). consider theintroduction of Areas ofDistinctive public realm. There may to beopportunities eld, theeasternsideof the andparticularly t from anappropriate level fi cations orintermsofthe fi eld Estate). eld guidance. addressed ofdevelopment aspart management strategies andthiscouldbe with clearservicing areas whichcanaccommodatedifferent uses that they are seenasrobust and surroundings. Itwillbeincreasingly important legible, accessibleandintegratewell withtheir of industrialareas toensure thatthey are consideration needstobegiven tothedesign uses andcommercial usesopentothepublic As theboundariesare blurred between industrial Commercial areas fl exible urban urban exible Revealing En could be very refreshing.could bevery experience amarked changeinenvironment beyond countryside where to theopportunity of transitionfrom theurbanarea tothe benefi This couldbeparticularly to promote appreciation ofthelandscape. up toensure thatthey becomemore visible whichcouldbesubtly opened and countryside Similarly, there are dramaticviews across parks area. reinforce thelongandsigni role ofthesebuildingsasalocallandmarkand Addressing thisarea would strengthen the with plantingandthebuildingsare poorly lit. Road junctionwithFore Street iscluttered Circular terrace oftheNorth immediately north For example, thearea infront oftheshort which canbefound alongtheHertford Road. to therangeofinteresting historicbuildings the borough. beapplied This couldparticularly greatly improve perceptions ofthequality of in prominent locationsonkey routes, could visibility ofthebestbuildings, those particularly are under-appreciated. Improving thesettingand or lackapositive contextandwhichasaresult of variousageswhichare notingood condition However, there are agreat many otherbuildings and enjoy ahighpro tube stationsandotherswhichare much loved Hall,buildings suchasForty thePiccadilly Line buildings andplaces. There are many important quality, bothintermsofthelandscape andkey Enfi eld hasmany features ofgreat valueand fi eld’s pointsofquality fi le. fi cant history of the ofthe cant history cial atpoints 199 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 200 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 characteristics. classifi of development andlandscape intodifferent whichdividesforms A taxonomicmethodology Typology mode. minimalaccess toasinglepublictransport very modes, whereas anarea zonedasLevel 1has good very accesstomultiple publictransport networks. An area zonedasPTAL Level 6has the relative easeofaccesstopublictransport for London. Areas are zonedaccording to different areas inLondonusedby Transport A form ofmeasuringtheaccessibility (PTALs) Levels Public TransportAccessibility therefore containedwithintheblock. to thestreet andthebacksare atthebackand where thefronts ofbuildingsfacedirectly on A form oflayout usedextensively inEn Perimeter block the streets. little buildingfrontage facingimmediately onto of green spacewithroads providing access, but blocks ofdevelopment are locatedwithinarea housing estatesbuiltin1950sand1960swhere relate tostreet patterns. in Oftenobserved A form ofdevelopment layout whichdoesnot Free-form development GLOSSARY cations dependingupontheirphysical fi eld 201 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011 202 Enfi eld Characterisation Study | Final Report | February 2011