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Dissertação Formato Biblio Efeito da heterogeneidade ambiental sobre a diversidade de larvas de Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) em uma planície aluvial Neotropical. Item Type Thesis/Dissertation Authors Pressinate Junior, Sidnei Publisher Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Departamento de Biologia. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais. Download date 02/10/2021 06:10:30 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/10067 UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE MARINGÁ CENTRO DE CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGIA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ECOLOGIA DE AMBIENTES AQUÁTICOS CONTINENTAIS SIDNEI PRESSINATTE JUNIOR Efeito da heterogeneidade ambiental sobre a diversidade de larvas de Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) em uma planície aluvial Neotropical Maringá 2011 SIDNEI PRESSINATTE JUNIOR Efeito da heterogeneidade ambiental sobre a diversidade de larvas de Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) em uma planície aluvial Neotropical Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais do Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Estadual de Maringá, como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências Ambientais Área de concentração: Ciências Ambientais Orientadora: Prof.ª Dr.ª Alice Michiyo Takeda Maringá 2011 "Dados Internacionais de Catalogação-na-Publicação (CIP)" (Biblioteca Setorial - UEM. Nupélia, Maringá, PR, Brasil) Pressinatte Junior, Sidnei, 1985- P935e Efeito da heterogeneidade ambiental sobre a diversidade de larvas de Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) em uma planície aluvial neotropical / Sidnei Pressinatte Junior. -- Maringá, 2011. 28 f. : il. (algumas color.) Dissertação (mestrado em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais)-- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Dep. de Biologia, 2011. Orientador: Prof.ª Dr.ª Alice Michiyo Takeda 1. Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) - Ecologia de comunidades - Planície de inundação - Alto rio Paraná. 2. Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) - Habitat - Planície de inundação - Alto rio Paraná. I. Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Departamento de Biologia. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais. CDD 22. ed. -595.772178209816 NBR/CIP - 12899 AACR/2 Maria Salete Ribelatto Arita CRB 9/858 João Fábio Hildebrandt CRB 9/1140 FOLHA DE APROVAÇÃO SIDNEI PRESSINATTE JUNIOR Efeito da heterogeneidade ambiental sobre a diversidade de larvas de Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) em uma planície aluvial Neotropical Dissertação apresentada ao programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais do Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Estadual de Maringá, como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências Ambientais pela Comissão Julgadora composta pelos membros: COMISSÃO JULGADORA Prof.ª Dr.ª Alice Michyio Takeda Nupélia/Universidade Estadual de Maringá (Presidente) Prof.ª Dr.ª Sandra Maria de Melo Faculdade de Tecnologia de São Paulo (Fatec) Prof. Dr. Luiz Felipe Machado Velho Nupélia/Universidade Estadual de Maringá Aprovada em: 18 de fevereiro de 2011. Local de Defesa: Anfiteatro Prof. “Keshiyu Nakatani”, Nupélia, Bloco G-90, campus da Universidade Estadual de Maringá. DEDICATÓRIA Dedico este trabalho a meus Pais Sidnei e Regina e minha Esposa Sara. AGRADECIMENTOS A Prof.ª Dr.ª Alice Michiyo Takeda pela orientação, paciência, conselhos e amizade; Aos Professores Dr. Luiz Felipe Machado Velho e Dr.ª Sandra Maria de Melo pelas considerações e correções deste trabalho; A todos que trabalharam no levantamento e processamento dos dados utilizados neste estudo; Aos meus Pais que sempre me apoiaram e incentivaram meus estudos; A minha esposa Sara, que me atura e me apóia em todos os momentos; Aos amigos do Laboratório de Zoobentos (em ordem alfabética: Aryane, Camila, Dani, Flavio, Gi Pinha, Gi Rosin, Rafael, Renata, Romulo, Sayuri, Sue Ellen) pela amizade e carinho; Aos amigos do curso de Pós- graduação pelo companherismo e pelas cervejadas. A todos os professores do curso de Pós-graduação em Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais. Em especial aos amigos Alexandre (pai), Roger (irmão) e Betão (Irmão) que sempre acreditaram em mim e motivaram toda essa jornada. Ao Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia de Ambiente Aquáticos Continentais (PEA); A Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), pela bolsa de mestrado; Ao Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPQ/PELD) pelo apoio financeiro; Ao Núcleo de Pesquisa em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aqüicultura (Nupélia), pelo apoio logístico. Efeito da heterogeneidade ambiental sobre a diversidade de larvas de Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) em uma planície aluvial Neotropical RESUMO Os padrões espaciais do sedimento e da água afetam a estrutura das comunidades aquáticas. As larvas de Chironomidae, geralmente dominam a comunidade zoobentônica tanto em abundância quanto em riqueza de espécies na planície aluvial do alto rio Paraná. Neste contexto teve-se por objetivo verificar a influência da textura granulométrica na diversidade de larvas de Chironomidae, bem como a sua distribuição tendo por hipótese que a diversidade de larvas de Chironomidae é maior em ambientes mais heterogêneos. As coletas foram realizadas trimestralmente de fevereiro a dezembro de 2008 em 12 estações de amostragem. As larvas de Chironomidae foram identificadas até o menor nível taxonômico possível. Foi registrado um total de 66 morfoespécies, pertencentes a três subfamílias. Densidade, riqueza de espécies e a diversidade de Shannon-Wiener foram diferentes entre ambientes lóticos e lênticos, com valores mais elevados no primeiro que no segundo. Além disso, essa diferença foi reforçada pelos dois eixos de DCA. As espécies dominantes em ambientes lóticos foram Djalmabatista pulcher , D. sp.2, Endotribelos . sp. 2, Paralauterboniella sp.1, Polypedilum (Polypedilum ) sp. 1 e Tanytarsus sp.1, enquanto o ambiente lênticos foram dominados por Tanypus stellatus , Chironomus sp. 5, Goeldichironomus pictus e Procladius sp. 2. O índice de diversidade de Shannon-Wiener foi aplicado aos dados de granulometria e apresentaram maior diversidade de sedimentos nos ambientes lóticos. Dessa forma, não se rejeitou a hipótese estabelecida uma vez que os maiores valores de riqueza de espécie foram registrados nos ambientes mais heterogêneos. Portanto, sugere-se que os padrões de diversidade e distribuição de larvas de Chironomidae podem ter sido afetados pela heterogeneidade do sedimento, devido aos altos valores de atributos da assembléia encontrados em maior heterogeneidade ambiental. Palavras-chave: Chironomidae. Heterogeneidade ambiental. Textura granulométrica. Rio Paraná. Effect of environmental heterogeneity on the diversity of Chironomidae larvae (Insecta: Diptera) in a Neotropical floodplain ABSTRACT Sediment and water spacial patterns affect the aquatic community structure. Chironomidae larvae, in general, dominate zoobenthic community both in abundance and in species richness in the Paraná River floodplain. Here, we hypothesized that diversity and distribution of Chironomidae larvae is higher in more heterogeneous environment, considering the granulometric texture as surrogate of heterogeneity. Samplings were realized quarterly from February to December 2008 in 12 sampling stations. Chironomidae larvae were identified to lowest taxonomic possible level. Considering the number of taxa, we recorded a total of 66 morphospecies, belonging to three subfamilies. Density, species richness and Shannon- Wiener diversity were different between lotic and lenthic environments, with higher values in the former than in the latter. In addition, this difference was strengthened by the two DCA axes. The dominant species in lotic environments were Djalmabatista pulcher , D. sp.2, Endotribelos sp. 2, Paralauterboniella sp.1, Polypedilum ( Polypedilum ) sp. 1 e Tanytarsus sp.1, while lenthic environment were dominated by Tanypus stellatus , Chironomus sp. 5, Goeldichironomus pictus and Procladius sp. 2. The Shannon-Wiener diversity was applied to granulometric data and showed higher sediment diversity in the lotic environments. Thence, we do not reject our hypothesis and suggest that the diversity and distribution pattern of Chironomidae larvae may have been affected by sediment heterogeneity, due to the higher values of the assemblage attributes found in greater environment heterogeneity. Keywords : Chironomidae. Heterogeneity environmental. Granulometric texture. Paraná River. Dissertação elaborada e formatada conforme as normas da publicação científica Freshwater Biology . Disponível em: <http://www.wiley.com/bw/submit.asp?ref=0046-5070> SUMÁRIO 1 INTRODUÇÃO.......................................................................................................10 2 MATERIAL E MÉTODOS.....................................................................................12 2.1 Área de estudo .........................................................................................................12 2.2 Coleta do dados........................................................................................................12 2.3 Análise dos dados ....................................................................................................13 3 RESULTADOS .......................................................................................................15 3.1 Características do sedimento ...................................................................................15 3.2 Estrutura da assembléia
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