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TITLE AIDS Bication of School-Aged Youth. Hearing Before the Committee on Governmental Affairs

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TITLE AIDS Bication of School-Aged Youth. Hearing Before the Committee on Governmental Affairs DOCUMENT RESUME ED 326 514 SP 032 748 TITLE AIDS bication of School-Aged Youth. Hearing before the Committee on Governmental Affairs. United States Senate, One Hundred First Congress, Second Session. INSTITUTION Congress of the U.S., Washington, D.C. Senate Committee on Governmental Affairs. PUB DATE 3 May 90 NOTE 275p. AVAILABLE FROMSuperintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. PUB TYPE Legal/Legslative/Regulatory Materials (090) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC11 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome; Risk Persons; *Educational Policy; Elementary Secondary Education; *Government Role; *Health Education; National Surveys ABSTRACT The focus of this hearing was two Government Accounting Office (GAO) evaluative reports on the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) programs to educate school-aged youth about the dangers of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AIDS) and ways to avoid human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The GAO's first report ia based on its national survey of school districts and their policies on reaching young people who stay in school and on training teachers in AIDS instruction. The GAO found that more Federal leadership is needed to improve the HIV curriculum and to train teachers about students' knowledge, behavior, and beliefs. The second report concerns the slow progress made by Federal, State, and local governments in reaching the small but critical percentage of youth who are not in school. This group includes the runaways, the homeless, the incw:cerated, the migrants, and street youth who may be involved in a variety of higP-risk behaviors. Witnesses before the committee included educators dnd government officials. (JD) *********************************************************** ***** ******* Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the orig-nal document. ********N************************************************************** 41:1404:2872 AIDS FDUCATI9N OF SP1100144149ED YOUTff AM" INE11M1Pla *il - Z:. HEARING 4. 1 , BEM= TEM COMMITTEE ON ,.: -- GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS ; UNITED STATES SENATE ONE HUNDRED FIRST CONGRESS SECOND SESSION MAY 3, 1990 Printed for the use of the Committee on Governmental Affairs DEPARTINENTV EDucAnots Office el &toughens! Ileum. and Improvement EOUCAnONAL RESOURCESINFORMATION CENTER (Doc) o Ttns document has beennun:du ces! u mewed from the utgdn ororosnashon oncanatngIt 0 Minor Mance, hays beenmade to soprano reCceduchon outcry Pants og mew or °fawnsstated m ttus doctn mnt d° not nocessaNY represent &host OERI posMon or policy U.S. GOVERNMENT PRIMING MICE WASHINGTON : 1.600 For rale by the Supertotsodent N Doormats, Ccpgr,ó18iIr Offlm U.S. Govornata PriatIng Wog,Waollington, DC 21402 2 COM/AIME ON GOVERNMENTAL AFFAMS JOHN GLENN, Ohio, Chairman SAM NUNN, Geore.a WILLIAM V. ROTH, Jr., Delaware CARL LEVIN, Micbigan TED STEVENS, Alaska JIM KUM, Tennessee WIILIAM S. COMM, Maine DAVID PRYOR, Arkansas WARREN B RUDMAN, New Hampshire JEFF BINGAMAN, Net, Mexico JOHN HFINZ, Peansylvsnia HEMBERT KOHL, Wisconsin PETE WILSON, California JOSEPH L LIF-BEftMAN, Connecticut Leonard Weiss,Staff Director Lorraine P. Lewis,Counsel Deborah Racbele Cohen, Staff Assistant Franklin G. Polk,Minority Staff Director and Chief Counsel 1m-1kt:dike Prosser, Chief Clerk CID 3 CONTENTS Opening statements. Senator Glenn Senator Kohl ............ Senatol Heinz WITNESSES THURSDAY, MAY 3, 1990 Mark V. Nadel, associate director, National and Public HealthIssues, U.S. General Accounting Office, accompanied by Teruni Rosengren,evaluator-in- charge, Boston Regional Office, and Martin Landry,evaluator-in-charge, Atlanta Regional Office Delores K. DuVall, teacher, Warren Easton High School,New Orleans Public School District, New Orleans, LA David Kamens, peer educator, Washington, DC Wanda Wigfall-Williams, director, National Initiativeon AIDS and HIV Pre- vention Among Adolescents, Center for Population Options,Washington, DC, accompanied by Brian Bess,peer educator, Washington, DC, and Rahim Jones, peer educator, Washmgcon DC Gary R. Noble, M D., Assistant Surgeon General,and Deputy Director (HIV), Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA, accompaniedby Virginia S. Bales, Deputy Director, Center for Chronic Disease P'reventionand Health Promotion, and Lloyd Kolbe, M.D., Director, Divisionof Adolescent and School Health, Center for Chronic Disease Prevention tion and Health Promo- Patricia JBrownlee, AIDS Education Facilities, Baltimore CityPublic Schools, Baltimore, MD Katherine Fraser, program director, AIDS and ComprehensiveSchool Health Programs, National Association of State Boar&of Education, Washington, DC Sandra McDonald, founder and president. Outreach,Inc , Atlanta, GA Jay H.S. Coburn, director, Safe Choices Project,the National Network of Runaway and Youth Services, Washington, DC ALPHABETICAL LIST OF WrrNEsses Bales, Virginia S.. Testimony Ens, Brian Testimony Brownlee, Patricia J.. Testimony... Prepared statement Coburn, Jay H.S. Testimony ..... Prepared statement DuVall, Delores K. Testimony ......... Prepared statement 4 Fraser, Katherine. Testimony... Prepared statement. Jones, Rahim: Testimony Kamens, David: Testimony Kolbe, Lloyd, M.D. Testimony Landry, Martin: Testimony. IV Page McDonald, Sandra: T stimony 41 Prepared statement /11 Nadel, Mark V.: Testimony 6 Prepared statement 47 Responses to written questions 60 Noble, Gary R., M.D.: Testimony ZS Prepared statement 72 Responses to written questions 93 Rosengren, Teruni: Testimony 6 Wigfan-Williams, Wanda: Testin ony 23 Prepaied statement 66 APPENDIX Prepared statements of witnesses in o:der of appearance 47 Statements and letters from: American Medical Association 129 Corporation for Public Broadcasting 131 Youth Care 133 "Adolescents AIDS Awareness: Evaluation of an AIDS Prevention Program for Runaway and Gay Youth in NYC," paper by Mary Jane Rotheram- Bores, Ph.D., et al 139 "HIV Infection Among Street Youth," draft report by Office of Evaluation and Inspections, Office of Inspector General, Department of Health and Human Services, Auguut 1990 159 General Accounting Office reports: "AIDS Education: Staffing and Funding Problems Impair Progress," July 1989 196 "AIDS Education: Public School Programs Require More Student Infor 'nation and Teacher Training,' May 1990 206 "AIDS Education: Programs for Out-of-School Youth Slowly Evolving," May 1990 252 a AIDS EDUCATION OF SCHOOL-AGED YOUTH THURSDAY, MAY 3, 1990 U.S. SENATE, COMMITTEE ON GOVER_ 'MENTAL AFFAIRS, Washington, DC. The Committee met, pursuant to notice, at 9:35a.m., in room SD-342, Dirksen Senate Office Building, Hon. John Glenn, Chair- man of the Committee, presiding. Present: Senators Glenn, Kohl, and Heinz. OPENING STATEMENT OF CHAIRMAN GLENN Chairman GLENN. The Committee will come to order. Today's hearing is about children and teenagers who, in the words of one of our witnesses, are lovable, capable and of infinite worth. None of us would quarrel with that one, certainly. However, it is simply not good enough that we adults know this aboutour children It is essential that every young person believe this about himself and channel that self-esteem to eliminateor reduce the risk of becoming infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which causes AIDS. Now, that is no easy task. As they grow up in the world today, young persons face increasing pressure to engage in high-risk be- havior such as IV drug use and sexual activity. Too often, family constraints, guidance, and counseling are missingor just not there. Tragically, too many iouths havr,no idea where their next meal or bed is coming from It is not surprising that those realities tend to skew a young person's ability to evaluate the threat of death from AIDS 5 to 10 years flown the road. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) is the lead Federalagency responsible for educating our school-aged youth about the dangers of AIDS and ways to avoid HIV infection. While CDC grants for such education have grown from $7 million in 1987 toover $40 mil- hon in 1990, infjrmation about the resulting programswhat is working and what is not workinghas been limited. Asa result, the Governmental Affairs Committee requested that GAO evaluate CDC's efforts, and C kiD has prepared its findings and recommenda- 4 tions in two reports, which we are releasing today. I believe those are probably cop:es of the two reports back there on the table that are available now. The GAO's first report is based on its nationwide survey of . school districts and their policies toward reaching kids who stay in school, and training teachers to teach about thisvery sensitive sub- ject The GAO found that for this nationwide problem,more Feder- al leadership is needed to improve not only HIV curriculum, but (I) U 2 also tJacher training and information about students knowledge, behavior arid beliefs. The second GAO report concerns the slow progress by the Feder- ,a1. State E. d local governments to reach the small but critical per- centage of youth who are not in school. This group includes the runaways, the homeless, the incarcerated, the migrants, and street youth who may be involved in a variety of high-risk behaviors such as IV drug use and prostitution. As much as people may want to get AIDS behind them, get rid of it, thus get the problem solvtd and go on, the epidemic among youth may be only just beginning. According to CDC, there are 500 reported cases of AIDS among teenagers. Now, that does not sound like much, does it? Five hundred cases of AIDS
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