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Aivinistia INTERNACIONAL BOLETIN INFORMATIVO I : ' I

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Aivinistia INTERNACIONAL BOLETIN INFORMATIVO I : ' I AIVINISTiA INTERNACIONAL BOLETIN INFORMATIVO I : ' I ARABIA SAUDITA y que tuvieran acceso a sus fami- liares y abogados. AI expres6 gran pesar ante la Kuwaities decapitados ejecuci6n de los 16 presos, e ins- to a que no se llevaran a cabo los azotamientos, ya que éstos cons- en ptiblico tituyen una violaciOn grave del de- El 21 de septiembre, 16 de los 29 ciudadanos de Kuwait pro- recho internacional que prohibe cesados por un tribunal de la Shari'a (la Ley Islámica), por los castigos crueles, inhumanos o cargos relacionados con la detonackin de dos bombas en la degradantes. Diez personas condenadas por Meca durante el mes de julio, fueron condenados a muerte delitos penales fueron decapitadas y decapitados pdblicamente. el 29 de septiembre. Seis de ellas, A otros cuatro les impusieron al parecer torturados mientras es- condenadas por secuestro y abu- penas de prisi6n y de azotamien- taban detenidos. Se dice que a dos so sexual de menores, robo de ca- to: Yahya Qamber 'Ali al-Ja'far de ellos —Sayyid 'Adnan 'Abdul- minos y consumo de bebidas al- recibi6 una pena de 20 afios de Samad y Hassan Habib al- coheolicas, fueron ejecutadas en cárcel y 1.500 azotes administra- Salman— hubo que internarlos en Riad. Cuatro, condenadas por ho- dos en 30 sesiones; y Muhammad el hospital militar de Riad para ad- Bede-Mariam Mekonnen, antes de micidio, fueron ejecutadas en su detenciOn en 1974. 'Abbas Baqer, Mahmud 'Ab- ministrarles tratamiento medico. Baha.E dullah Hussein al-Kadhim y Hus- Posteriormente, fueron absueltos ETIONA sein Habib 'Abbas Hussein reci- y puestos en libertad. ULTIMA HORA bieron, cada uno, penas de 15 A principios de septiembre, Al Prohibido: El informe de AI ailos de cárcel y 1.000 azotes en exhort6 a las autoridades sauditas de noviembre de 1988 (Tur- Libertad para 20 sesiones. Nueve fueron a investigar las denuncias de tor- quia: Derechos humanos dene- absueltos. tura, y pidi6 que los detenidos gados), ha sido prohibido por presos de Al unos de los kuwaities fueron fueran tratados humanitariamente las autoridades turcas, asi co- mo los ntimeros de marzo y conciencia mayo de 1987 del Bolettn. Su Tres nietos del ex emperador importaci6n o distribuciOn constituye un delito punible Haile Selassie de Etiopia han hasta con un afio de carcel. recobrado la libertad tras pasar 15 aims en la cárcel sin haber sido juzgados. EE UU Bede-Mariam, Michael y Conmutan pena Wossen-Seged Mekonnen —los ültimos miembros de la familia re- capital al en recobrar la libertad— figu- Dos semanas antes del 30 de raban entre los numerosos presos agosto, fecha fijada para la de conciencia excarcelados en vir- ejecución de Ronald tud de la amnistia decretada el 2 Monroe, el gobernador de de septiembre: 900 presos han Luisiana conmutó la pena de quedado en libertad, entre ellos 87 muerte por una de cadena presos politicos. perpetua sin posibilidad de Varias presas de conciencia libertad condicional. detenidas desde 1980 fueron pues- El caso habia sido muy di- tas en libertad: Namat Issa; Tse- fundido debido a las dudas que hai Tolessa y Martha Kumsa. se abrigaban sobre la culpabi- Zegeye Asfaw, ex ministro de lidad de Ronald Monroe. De Justica y Ley, y Berhanu Dinka, raza negra, con cierto retraso ex representante permanente de mental, sin antecedentes pena- Etiopia ante la ONU, detenido en les ni historial de violencia, 1986, también fueron puestos en Monroe fue condenado en libertad. 1980 por apufialar a una veci- También recobraron la libertad na. Los abogados defensores numerosos presos cuyos casos ha- presentaron pruebas que ha- bian sido presentados en un in- clan recaer las sospechas en el forme de AI publicado en agosto ex marido de la victima. de 1989, Political Imprisonment Al anunciar su decisiOn de in Ethiopia (Etiopia: Encarcela- conmutar la pena de muerte, miento politico). el gobernador Sr. Roemer ma- nifest& aEn toda ejecución que A principios de septiembre, el se celebre en este pais, el cri- gobierno anunci6 la creackin de terio no deberia ser si existe un tribunal militar para procesar una duda razonable. El crite- a 170 generales y otros oficiales .No voto injusticia —La justicia prevalecers1”. Un manifestante exhorta rio deberia ser si existe cual- detenidos tras el intento de golpe a la gente a boicotear las elecciones de septiembre en Sudifrica quier duda. de mayo .E (Ouse pdg. 8). Ascochated Press. 2 NOVIEMBRE DE 1989 II • I La historia de cada una de estas personas representa el caso de un preso de conciencia. Todos ellos han sido detenidos por sus convicciones religiosas o politicas, color, sexo, origen étnico o idioma. Ninguno de ellos ha empleado la violencia ni abogado por ella. El hecho de que sigan detenidos constituye una flagrante violación de la Declaración Universal de Derechos Humanos proclamada por las Naciones Unidas. Los Ilamamientos internacionales pueden ayudar a lograr que se ponga en libertad a estos presos, o a mejorar las condiciones de su detención. Los mensajes a las autoridades deben ser redactados cuidadosa y cortésmente. Sirvase indicar que su preocupación por los derechos humanos no responde a intereses politicos. Bajo ninguna circunstancia deben enviarse comunicaciones directamente a los presos. SIRIA Hakem Sultan al-Faiz: ciudadano jordano de 56 aiios de edad y ex miembro del Comando Nacional del Partido Arabe So- cialista Baas, neva mks de 18 años en la Prisidn Militar de al-Mezze de Damasco sin haber sido acusado o juzgado. Forma parte de un grupo de Nacional del Partido Baas. Tras personas detenidas en 1970 y el golpe de 1970, abandon6 el pais 1971 tras el golpe de Estado de y march6 al Libano. Las fuerzas noviembre de 1970 que Ilev6 al de seguridad sirias lo secuestraron poder al presidente Assad. en su domicilio en Beirut el 13 de Dieciocho contindan detenidos. julio de 1971, y lo llevaron a Todos habian servido al gobierno Damasco. del Partido Baas de Siria Tras siete meses de incomuni- (1966-1970) o estaban relaciona- caci6n, se le permiti6 recibir vi- dos de alguna manera con 61. Nin- sitas de su familia, de una hora de guno de ellos fue acusado o pro- duraci6n, una vez al mes y en pre- cesado, pero fueron detenidos se- se ncia de un agente de gun parece por rehusarse a cola- inteligencia. borar con el gobierno actual. Las autoridades sirias no han Se dice que algunos fueron tor- dado respuesta a los numerosos turados durante su reclusion y que llamamientos de AI pidiendo su li- todos se encuentran en mal esta- bertad. AI volvi6 a mencionar su do de salud debido al largo pe- caso durante la visita realizada a riodo de reclusiOn sin adecuada Siria en junio de 1989, pero con- atenci6n médica y en rigurosas tinda sin respuesta. condiciones carcelarias. En 1983, •Rogamos envien cartas cortés- se inform!, que Hakem al-Faiz se mente redactadas pidiendo su in- encontraba muy enfermo. Padece mediata excarcelación al: Excmo. de inflamaciOn de la prOstata, dl- Sr. Muhammad Harba/Minister cera de est6mago y tracoma. of the Interior/ Ministry of the In- En 1967, Hakem al-Faiz fue terior/Merjeh Circle/Damasco/ Marcha en pro de la democratizacidn en Birmania (hoy Myanmar), en sep- elegido miembro del Comando Siria.O tiembre de 1988, poco antes de que se decretara la ley marcial. t, Associated Press MYANMAR MALAWI' Aung Din: estudiante de ingenieria de 26 ethos, fue detenido George Mtafu: de 46 ados de edad, el dnico neurocirujano en Myanmar el 24 de abril de 1989 por las autoridades de la de Malawi, estd preso sin cargos ni juicio en la Prisidn Central de Blantyre desde febrero de 1989. ley marcial. Es &ler de la Federacidn Nacional de Aso- Lo detuvieron junto con varios bierno ha venido criticando a los ciaciones Estudiantiles de Birmania, el organismo estudian- funcionarios civiles de alto rango, nortetios, y a veces los ha hecho til mks conocido del pais. La agrupacidn fue fundada el 28 todos ellos procedentes del N. de objeto de actos de discriminaci6n. de agosto de 1988, durante el auge de una campada masiva Malawi, al renovarse la ofensiva Los más prominentes han abando- de desobediencia civil. contra los presuntos opositores nado el pais; otros han sido encar- En 1988 se generaliz6 el males- 1989, el ritmo de las detenciones politicos del gobierno del presi- celados sin juicio, a menudo en tar civil en Myanmar (entonces tom6 incremento al intensificarse dente vitalicio Dr. Hastings Ka- regimen de incomunicaciOn, en Birmania), tras 26 afios de domi- las actividades de los grupos le- muzu Banda. condiciones rigurosas. Al recibe naci6n militar del proceso politi- gales de la oposici6n. El Dr. Mtafu, que trabajaba en frecuentes denuncias de tortura y co. Se celebraron manifestaciones Pocas horas antes de su captu- el Hospital Queen Elizabeth de malos tratos deliberados infligidos callejeras en su mayor parte pa- ra, Aung Din fue entrevistado Blantyre, fue detenido tras rehu- a estos presos. En 1988 y 1989, cfficas, generalmente encabezadas por un corresponsal de la agencia sar disculparse por disentir con las cierto numero de detenidos del N. por estudiantes, para pedir que se de noticias Agence France Pres- criticas que el presidente vitalicio de Malawi, cuya detenci6n no ha- pusiera fin al regimen unipartida- se. Durante la entrevista, Aung Banda habla hecho a los funciona- bfa sido reconocida oficialmente, rio del Partido de Programa So- Din dijo que se esforzaba por rios pdblicos de alto rango del N. fallecieron, segan parece, como cialista de Birmania del general democratizar el sistema politico de Malawi, acusandolos de desle- resultado de la tortura y los ma- retirado U Ne Win.
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