ECCC, Case 002/01, Issue 30
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UNSC Play Their Part
HASMUN’19 STUDY GUIDE The United Nations Security Council Khmer Rouge’s Cambodia Under-Secretary General : Egemen Büyükkaya Academic Assıstant : Ümit Altar Binici Table of Contents I) Introduction to the Committee: Historical Security Council……………………………...3 II) Introduction to the Agenda Item: Khmer Rouge’s Cambodia……………………………6 A. Historical Background…………………………………………………………………...9 1) French Colonialism and the Early Communist Movements in Cambodia………….....9 2) Independence of Cambodia and the Rule of Norodom Sihanouk……………………12 3) Cold War Period and 1970 Coup……………………………………………………..14 4) The Establishment and Destruction Lon Nol Government…………………………..15 B. Khmer Rouge Ideology…………………………………………………………………16 C. Internal Formation of the Communist Party of Kampuchea………………………..20 D. Foreign Relations of Democratic Kampuchea………………………………………...21 III) Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………...22 Letter from the Secretary-General Dear Delegates and Advisors, It is a great pleasure and honor to officially invite all of you to HASMUN 2019 which will be held between 26th and 28th of April 2019 at Kadir Has University Haliç Campus in Istanbul which is located in the Golden Horn area. I am personally thrilled to take part in the making of this conference and I am sure that the academic and organisation teams share my passion about this installment of HASMUN in which we have chosen to focus on topics that bring humanity together. And we have also included committees which will simulate historical events that can be considered existential threats which brought the international committee or some nations together. The general idea that we would like to introduce is that humanity can achieve great things in little time if we are united, or can eliminate threats that threaten our very existence. -
DC-Cam 2015 Annual Report
mCÄmNÐlÉkßrkm<úCa DOCUMENTATION CENTER OF CAMBODIA Phnom Penh, Cambodia DC-Cam Annual Report: January 1, 2015-December 31, 2015 Prepared and Compiled by Dr. Kok-Thay ENG and Dara VANTHAN Deputy Directors Edited by Cindy Coleman SRI Board Meeting at Stanford University Second from left Professor Ron Slye, Professor John Ciorciari, Professor Jaya Ramji-Nogales, Professor Beth van Schaack, Youk Chhang, and Dr. Markus Zimmer Documentation Center of Cambodia Searching for the Truth: Memory & Justice EsVgrkKrBitedIm, IK rcg©MnigyutþiFm‘’ 66 Preah Sihanouk Blvd.P.O.Box 1110Phnom PenhCambodia t(855-23) 211-875f (855-23) 210-358 [email protected] www.dccam.org TABLE OF CONTENTS DOCUMENTATION CENTER OF CAMBODIA ............................................................................... 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................ 2 ACRONYMS ................................................................................................................................ 3 Summary .................................................................................................................................... 4 AUGMENT AND MAINTAIN A PUBLICALLY ACCESSIBLE HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE KR PERIOD ...................... 4 SUPPORT THE KRT .......................................................................................................................... 5 INCREASE CAMBODIA’S PUBLIC KNOWLEDGE OF THE KR PERIOD ............................................................. -
An Economic History of Cambodia in the Twentieth Century
MMargaretargaret SSlocomblocomb An EcoEconomicnomic HHistoryistory ooff CCambodiaambodia in the TTwentiethwentieth CeCenturyntury An Economic History of Cambodia in the Twentieth Century An Economic History of Cambodia in the Twentieth Century Margaret Slocomb Published with support from the Nicholas Tarling Fund. © 2010 Margaret Slocomb This book is licensed under a Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/ Published by: NUS Press National University of Singapore AS3-01-02, 3 Arts Link Singapore 117569 Fax: (65) 6774-0652 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://nuspress.nus.edu.sg ISBN 978-9971-69-499-9 (Paper) All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without written permission from the Publisher. National Library Board, Singapore Cataloguing in Publication Data Slocomb, Margaret. An economic history of Cambodia in the twentieth century / Margaret Slocomb. – Singapore: NUS Press, c2010. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-9971-69-499-9 (pbk.) 1. Cambodia – Economic conditions – 20th century. 2. Cambodia – Economic policy – 20th century. I. Title. HC442 330.959604 — dc22 OCN545012232 The electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched. KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high quality books Open Access for the public good. The Open Access ISBN for this book is 978-981-3250-83-3. -
Iq~T5~E!Eiu11ttime5.?T$~~$6 CERTIFIED COPY/COPIE CERTIFIEE Conf:ORME
E3/5 00177631 Declassified to Public 06 September 2012 tbl~f1l!mmt1tfifi1fth, mei hlIfiJln tbl~tHmnJtn Kingdom of Cambodia Nation Religion King ~~iesru 11 a~~~t1ttf~lMtf~n!~tjMffuli~m DOCUMENT RECElVEDIDOCUMENT RECU I I Extraordinary Chambers in the 111 is !p (Date of receipt/Date de reception); Courts of Cambodia .......... O.K·· ..I· ...... Q4 .... J ...... 2..0.0.~ ...... tihu (T!melHeure): .••.• ,A.O'.,':. ..s.12 ......................... til 1ttrmJruhltJltmLnm~t1m~n t!'rjg~ruu~i'lr3r~ln~/Case File Offlcer/L'agent charge Office of the Co-Investigating Judges du dossier; ....... SAN:N ... .t:~>&I).~ .............. Bureau des Co-juges d'instruction o • 'II ... nMn1tnq1Bff'lf~nnvm firru)tU ~ Lm!l ~ q{l Criminal Case File !Dossier penal Written Record of Interview of trnf3/No: 002/14-08-2006 Charged Person Proces-verbal d'interrogatoire tnnm-trt1ClJ~/Investigation/Instruction trnf3/No: 001118-07 -2007-ECCC-OCIJ The first of April, two thousand and eight, at 9: 10 a.m. We, You Bunleng til ~B1'U~ and Marcel Lemonde, Co-Investigating Judges of the Extraordinary Chambers, c.J _ IS ~ with Mr. Ham Hel tntf ttnrn and Mr. Ly Chantola rn cr§~M as Greffiers Noting the Law on the establishment of the Extraordinary Chambers, dated 27 October 2004 Noting Rule 58 of the Internal Rules of the Extraordinary Chambers With Ouch Channora iicr m~ruul and Tanheang Davannm~fin~ mfM , sworn interpreters of the ~ ~ ~ Extraordinary Chambers The Charged Person identified below has appeared before us: Kaing Guek-Eav m~ ngniil1 alias Duch qt!, male, born on 17 November 1942 Charged with Crimes against humanity and Grave Breaches of the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, offences defined and punishable under Articles 5, 6, 29 (New) and 39 (New) of the Law on the establishment of the Extraordinary Chambers, dated 27 October 2004. -
Recent Developments at the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia August, 2019 Recent Developments at the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia
BRIEFING PAPER Recent Developments at the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia August, 2019 Recent Developments at the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia Case 002/2: Death of Nuon Chea Nuon Chea, popularly known as “Brother No. 2” to indicate his position as second only to Pol Pot in command of the Khmer Rouge, died at the age of 93 on August 4, 2019 at the Khmer-Soviet Friendship Hospital. He had been convicted as a senior leader of the Khmer Rouge of war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide. The Supreme Court Chamber affirmed a 2014 Trial Chamber Judgment in 2016. A second Trial Chamber Judgment, issued with full reasoning in March 2019, was on appeal to the Supreme Court when Nuon Chea died. He was sentenced to life in prison under both judgments. Only the second judgment included charges of genocide. The second trial against Nuon Chea, with Khieu Samphan as his co-accused, was the most far-reaching of the court, covering crimes committed at a number of cooperatives, worksites, security centers, and execution sites across the country. The trial lasted 24 months and included the testimony of 185 people and over 5,000 evidentiary documents. Unlike the first trial, the second included genocide charges. Nuon Chea and Khieu Sampan were judged guilty of genocide with respect to Vietnamese populations and Nuon Chea was additionally found guilty of genocide with respect to Cham Muslims. The Trial Chamber Judgment, the most extensive in the court’s history, covered over 2,300 pages in English. Two days after -
General Assembly Distr.: General 18 September 2020
United Nations A/75/242 General Assembly Distr.: General 18 September 2020 Original: English Seventy-fifth session Agenda item 141 Proposed programme budget for 2021 Request for a subvention to the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia Report of the Secretary-General Summary In his previous request for a subvention to the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (A/74/359), the Secretary-General identified progress made in the judicial work across all sets of proceedings before the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia. The Secretary-General also highlighted the continuing financial challenges facing both the international and national components of the Extraordinary Chambers and requested the approval of a subvention of up to $8.5 million for the year 2020. By its resolution 74/263 A, the General Assembly authorized the Secretary- General, as an exceptional measure, to enter into commitments in an amount not exceeding $7 million to supplement the voluntary financial resources of the international component of the Extraordinary Chambers for the period from 1 January to 31 December 2020, and requested the Secretary-General to report on the use of the commitment authority in the context of his next report. In the present report, the Secretary-General outlines the judicial progress of the Extraordinary Chambers since the issuance of the previous report, provides a projection regarding the anticipated use of the commitment authority for 2020, presents information on the proposed budget of the Chambers for 2021 and seeks the approval by the Assembly of an appropriation for a subvention for the international component of the Chambers in the amount of $8.5 million for 2021. -
ECCC, Case 002/01, Issue 72
KRT TRIAL MONITOR Case 002 ■ Issue No. 72 ■ Hearing on Closing Statements Week 3 ■ 28-31 October 2013 Case of Nuon Chea and Khieu Samphan * Asian International Justice Initiative (AIJI), a project of East-West Center and UC Berkeley War Crimes Studies Center They had the temerity to say that the policy program was not unusual or unreasonable, and certainly not unlawful. It was unlawful.1 - Keith Raynor, prosecutor I. OVERVIEW Over the course of three days this week, the Trial Chamber concluded the final hearings of Case 002/01. After 64 weeks of evidentiary hearings and 2 weeks of closing statements, this week brought the case to a close, with the conclusion of closing statements from the Khieu Samphan defense, responses to both defense teams’ rebuttals from the Civil Parties and the Co-Prosecutors, and rare final statements from the Co-Accused themselves. The Khieu Samphan defense started the week with their continued depiction of their client as a popular but powerless figure in the DK regime. Lawyers for the Civil Parties followed the next day with an aggressive reaction to the defense teams’ dismissal of victims’ painful experiences. Prosecutors then sought to establish the legal basis for convictions of the co- Accused for their alleged involvement in a joint criminal enterprise, which directed two forced population movements, as well as the execution of former Khmer Republic officials at Tuol Po Chrey. The Co-Accused and their lawyers spent the final day of hearings responding to these assertions one last time before the Trial Chamber adjourned to determine a verdict. -
China, Cambodia, and the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence: Principles and Foreign Policy
China, Cambodia, and the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence: Principles and Foreign Policy Sophie Diamant Richardson Old Chatham, New York Bachelor of Arts, Oberlin College, 1992 Master of Arts, University of Virginia, 2001 A Dissertation presented to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Virginia in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Politics University of Virginia May, 2005 !, 11 !K::;=::: .' P I / j ;/"'" G 2 © Copyright by Sophie Diamant Richardson All Rights Reserved May 2005 3 ABSTRACT Most international relations scholarship concentrates exclusively on cooperation or aggression and dismisses non-conforming behavior as anomalous. Consequently, Chinese foreign policy towards small states is deemed either irrelevant or deviant. Yet an inquiry into the full range of choices available to policymakers shows that a particular set of beliefs – the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence – determined options, thus demonstrating the validity of an alternative rationality that standard approaches cannot apprehend. In theoretical terms, a belief-based explanation suggests that international relations and individual states’ foreign policies are not necessarily determined by a uniformly offensive or defensive posture, and that states can pursue more peaceful security strategies than an “anarchic” system has previously allowed. “Security” is not the one-dimensional, militarized state of being most international relations theory implies. Rather, it is a highly subjective, experience-based construct, such that those with different experiences will pursue different means of trying to create their own security. By examining one detailed longitudinal case, which draws on extensive archival research in China, and three shorter cases, it is shown that Chinese foreign policy makers rarely pursued options outside the Five Principles. -
Hun Sen, the UN, and the Khmer Rouge Tribunal
UCLA UCLA Pacific Basin Law Journal Title Not Worth the Wait: Hun Sen, the UN, and the Khmer Rouge Tribunal Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4rh6566v Journal UCLA Pacific Basin Law Journal, 24(1) Author Bowman, Herbert D. Publication Date 2006 DOI 10.5070/P8241022188 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California NOT WORTH THE WAIT: HUN SEN, THE UN, AND THE KHMER ROUGE TRIBUNAL Herbert D. Bowman* I. INTRODUCTION Between 1975 and 1979, the Khmer Rouge killed between one and three million Cambodians.1 Twenty-four years later, on March 17, 2003, the United Nations and the Cambodian govern- ment reached an agreement to establish a criminal tribunal de- signed to try those most responsible for the massive human rights violations which took place during the Khmer Rouge reign of terror. 2 Another three years later, on July 4, 2006, international and Cambodian judges and prosecutors were sworn in to begin work at the Extraordinary Chamber in the Courts of Cambodia ("ECCC"). 3 To quickly grasp the Cambodia court's prospects for success, one only need know a few basic facts. First, the jurisdiction of the court will be limited to crimes 4 that took place between April 17, 1975 and January 6, 1979. * Fellow of Indiana University School of Law, Indianapolis Center for Inter- national & Comparative Law. Former International Prosecutor for the United Na- tions Mission to East Timor. The author is currently working and living in Cambodia. 1. Craig Etcheson, The Politics of Genocide Justice in Cambodia, in INTERNA- TIONALIZED CRIMINAL COURTS: SIERRA LEONE, EAST TIMOR, Kosovo AND CAM- BODIA 181-82 (Cesare P.R. -
Conflicts in Cambodian Society and Challenges Ahead
Cambodia: From War To Peace Presentation by Sopheak OK SEREI, COPCEL Facilitator, at Tokyo Peacebuilders Symposium “Peacebuilding Experience and Knowledge From Asia to the World” and Challenges Ahead March 24, 2008 OSS/Tokyo Symposiumo/240308 Outline 1. Country & history background 2. The first initiatives of the Peace Movement and the role of Buddhism 3. CDRI inititaives 4. COPCEL Phase One (1999-2003) and Phase Two (2005-2008) 5. Application of the Culture of Dialogue to resolve political crisis 6. Conclusion OSS/Tokyo Symposiumo/240308 513 115 sq km 65 M GDP:$177 billion; pc: $2,749 - 181 035 sq km - 14 M - 28 years of war -Around 1.7 M died during KR regime -1991: Paris Peace Agreement 331 690 sq km -1993: Successful Election by UNTAC 85 M -Constitutional Monarchy Regime GDP: $50 billion; pc: $630 -GDP: $6.2 billion; per capita: $439 OSS/Tokyo Symposiumo/240308 WhatWhat diddid UNUN leaveleave behindbehind afterafter 1993?1993? - A successful election - The birth of a new Democratic State - A strong commitment to initiate a Human Rights Culture b Blossoming of HR & Advocacy NGOs ...but - An unfinished business on the Khmer Rouge b Armed Conflicts on July 5-6 1997 - The Ieng Sary faction surrendered to RGC in August 1996 - The KR Tamok faction surrendered to RGC in December 1998 OSS/Tokyo Symposiumo/240308 Peace Initiatives in Cambodia He died in March 13, 2007 In fact started before HR movements, with Samdech Maha Ghosananda and Dhammayietra (Peace March) DY1 April 1992 to DY11 March 2001 NIWANO Peace Price, Tokyo May 9, 1998 The movement continues till now...................... -
Reconciliation in Cambodia: Victims and Perpetrators Living Together, Apart
Coventry University Reconciliation in Cambodia: Victims and Perpetrators Living Together, Apart McGrew, L. Submitted version deposited in CURVE January 2014 Original citation: McGrew, L. (2011) Reconciliation in Cambodia: Victims and Perpetrators Living Together, Apart. Unpublished PhD Thesis. Coventry: Coventry University. Copyright © and Moral Rights are retained by the author(s) and/ or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This item cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. CURVE is the Institutional Repository for Coventry University http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open Reconciliation in Cambodia: Victims and Perpetrators Living Together, Apart by Laura McGrew A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the University’s requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Coventry University Centre for the Study of Peace and Reconciliation Coventry, United Kingdom April 2011 © Laura McGrew All Rights Reserved 2011 ABSTRACT Under the brutal Khmer Rouge regime from 1975 to 1979 in Cambodia, 1.7 million people died from starvation, overwork, torture, and murder. While five senior leaders are on trial for these crimes at the Extraordinary Chambers of the Courts of Cambodia, hundreds of lower level perpetrators live amongst their victims today. This thesis examines how rural Cambodians (including victims, perpetrators, and bystanders) are coexisting after the trauma of the Khmer Rouge years, and the decades of civil war before and after. -
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WOODROW WILSON INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR SCHOLARS Lee H. Hamilton, 77 CONVERSATIONS Christian Ostermann, Director Director Between Chinese and Foreign Leaders on the Wars in Indochina, 1964-1977 BOARD OF TRUSTEES: ADVISORY Edited by COMMITTEE: Joseph A. Cari, Jr., Chairman Odd Arne Westad, Chen Jian, Stein Tønnesson, William Taubman Steven Alan Bennett, (Amherst College) Nguyen Vu Tungand and James G. Hershberg Vice Chairman Chairman PUBLIC MEMBERS Working Paper No. 22 Michael Beschloss The Secretary of State (Historian, Author) Colin Powell; The Librarian of Congress James H. Billington James H. Billington; (Librarian of Congress) The Archivist of the United States John W. Carlin; Warren I. Cohen (University of Maryland- The Chairman of the National Endowment Baltimore) for the Humanities Bruce Cole; The Secretary of the John Lewis Gaddis Smithsonian Institution (Yale University) Lawrence M. Small; The Secretary of Education James Hershberg Roderick R. Paige; (The George Washington The Secretary of Health University) & Human Services Tommy G. Thompson; Washington, D.C. Samuel F. Wells, Jr. PRIVATE MEMBERS (Woodrow Wilson Center) Carol Cartwright, May 1998 John H. Foster, Jean L. Hennessey, Sharon Wolchik Daniel L. Lamaute, (The George Washington Doris O. Mausui, University) Thomas R. Reedy, Nancy M. Zirkin COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT THE COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT WORKING PAPER SERIES CHRISTIAN F. OSTERMANN, Series Editor This paper is one of a series of Working Papers published by the Cold War International History Project of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, D.C. Established in 1991 by a grant from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Cold War International History Project (CWIHP) disseminates new information and perspectives on the history of the Cold War as it emerges from previously inaccessible sources on “the other side” of the post-World War II superpower rivalry.