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Descartes' Influence on Chomsky's Theory and His Analysis of Language Opción, Año 35, Especial No.19 (2019): 2621-2631 ISSN 1012-1587/ISSNe: 2477-9385 Descartes' influence on Chomsky's theory and his analysis of language Phd .huda salaah Rashid Republic of Iraq / University of Tikrit Abstrac The world thinker, Noam Chomsky, is one of the most prominent thinkers in the field of language, politics and culture in general, for his knowledge of these fields. His ideas have revolutionized, especially in the field of langua- ge and the modern outlook on linguistic sciences. These ideas formed an important turning point in this cognitive field which has been demonstrated by the inability of the experimental behavioral model to explain the language. Chomsky's revolution on behaviorists is an independent stage in the history of linguistics. It is a critical view that can only be understood if we address the rational origins from which Chomsky drew his ideas and draw the limits of his theory. Chomsky's innovation was an extension of the Cartesian rational heritage, which was the most important pillar of his theory of obstetrics. Descartes' philosophy was therefore clearly influenced by Chomsky's thought. To this end, our research dealt with the study of the influence of Descartes on Chomsky's theory and its analysis of language, according to an epistemo- logy in which the mind is fully present in which we tried to answer the following question: How did Descartes put forward Chomsky's analysis and analysis of the work of language and reason? As well as the analysis of language instinct under that comprehensive view. 2622 huda salaah Rashid Opción, Año 35, Especial No.19 (2019): 2621-2631 La influencia de Descartes en la teoría de Chomsky y su aná- lisis del lenguaje. Resumen El pensador mundial, Noam Chomsky, es uno de los pensadores más desta- cados en el campo del lenguaje, la política y la cultura en general, por su conocimiento de estos campos. Sus ideas han revolucionado, especialmente en el campo del lenguaje y la perspectiva moderna de las ciencias lingüísti- cas. Estas ideas formaron un importante punto de inflexión en este campo cogni- tivo que se ha demostrado por la incapacidad del modelo conductual experi- mental para explicar el lenguaje. La revolución de Chomsky sobre los conductistas es una etapa independien- te en la historia de la lingüística. Es una visión crítica que solo puede enten- derse si abordamos los orígenes racionales de los que Chomsky extrajo sus ideas y los límites de su teoría. La innovación de Chomsky fue una extensión de la herencia racional carte- siana, que fue el pilar más importante de su teoría de la obstetricia. La filosofía de Descartes, por lo tanto, estaba claramente influenciada por el pensamiento de Chomsky. Con este fin, nuestra investigación se ocupó del estudio de la influencia de Descartes en la teoría de Chomsky y su análisis del lenguaje, de acuerdo con una epistemología en la que la mente está completamente presente en la que tratamos de responder la siguiente pregunta: ¿Cómo presentó Descartes el análisis de Chomsky y el análisis del trabajo del lenguaje y la razón? Así como el análisis del instinto del lenguaje bajo esa visión integral. The research has been divided into sections for easy handling, as follows: Chomsky's mental premises. Language and Mind Work. The idea of linguistic instinct. Then the conclusion included the most important findings we have reached. Chomsky's mental premises: The twentieth century witnessed cultural, intellectual and intellectual open Descartes' influence on Chomsky's theory and his analysis of language 2623 ness. This openness included all aspects of public life. Scientists opened windows that were closed by the storms of modernity under the name of inde- pendence or the failure to keep pace with openness. The opening of this language, which was one of the most prominent problems in the twentieth century, has emerged many currents of thought trying to inter- pret the language according to different approaches in their outlook and analyti- cal tools, the analytical approach was presented by Vittgenstein, and the pheno- menology led by Hersel, and the interpretation of Gadamar, Led by Levi Strauss ... etc. These intellectual currents took on the linguistic phenomenon and remained dominant until the end of the twentieth century. This phase witnessed the emer- gence of industrial intelligence that made the era from the end of the 20th century until today known as the "human brain" era. The language began a new era, The mentality of language variability fluctuates and becomes a "human mind" subject and linguistic studies a way to gain access to how the mind works. The new tendency to study language destroyed the studies and theories that preceded it, Chomsky promised his idea of modern and his vision of a pionee- ring language undermined the throne of behavioral studies and cracked its foun- dations, and became the ideas of heritage past the wind. Chomsky's point of departure is his critique of Bloomfield's behaviorists, who view language as no different from any other natural phenomenon. It is subject to the principles of arousal and response, and describes the linguistic event as a response to an externally exogenous stimulus (Blomfeld: 1955). Chomsky's theory of automatic behaviorism, the Palomphal tradition, the Palomphaldian tradition, and the late Baloch philosophies such as Harris and Huckett, and the adoption of a new linguistic strategy that is completely counter to their behavior, are based on a religious doctrine in the study of language. Chomsky replaced the psychological approach with a mental mental approach. His attack on the behaviorists was not a vacuum. It was a reaction to the nature of this approach, which was followed by the behaviorists, who "(fall) from their account the role that the inner structure of the same organism can play. In the processes of learning and real behavior. "(Carling, 1998). Chomsky was convinced that the inner structure of the organism represents the primary and central key in understanding human behavior (Carling 1998) Thus, Chomsky declares his new orientation: "The linguistic theory in the technical sense is mental, as it is concerned with the discovery of the underlying mental truth of actual behavior" (Shayeb 1999). He then attacks the behavio huda salaah Rashid 2624 Opción, Año 35, Especial No.19 (2019): 2621-2631 knowledge and skills in a way that changes their ideas and behaviors in academic work. In other words, development is now one of the most important systems that must be available in schools. Dealing with and implementing them within schools (Abdel Aziz, Safaa and Salama Abdel Azim, 2007, 336) As the teacher is the key to the educational process and the pioneer of the society on which he relies on the upbringing of his sons, the strong and correct birth, the question of preparation and qualification has occupied the minds of educators and specialists. The teacher is not only a communicator of knowledge, but also educa- tes thman rists: "The empirical thinking and the behavioral science that developed within it, That they are real ") (Shayeb 1999) To achieve this, Chomsky returned to the mental philosophy that emerged in the seventeenth century, and to give his ideas a historical dimension adopted the ideas of Descartes and relied on in guiding the study of language, culminating in his book "Cartesian Linguistics," making Descartes's mental ideas the cornerstone in the construction of his theory ) Descartes' views of reason, Chomsky's interpretations of Cartesian principles, were motivated by the revelation of the work of the human mind through the recognition of basic philosophical concepts that the structuralists deny. Thus, Chomsky is one of the rationalists who see that the human mind is the means of knowledge in contrast From the two experiments (Zakaria 1983, Galvan et al. 2010), John Linz says: ((Chomsky stood by the rationalists, moreover, had a simi- lar view to the idea they came to. He said that the principles by which the mind worked were innate principles , Ie the mind is not a white slice free from any v Bear experience leaves its mark on them, but as Leibniz said that the mind is simi- lar to the mass of marble can be carved in various forms, but built imposes restric- tions on the creativity of hewer)) (for Uyenz 2009). Chomsky thus adopted Descartes' views in interpreting the human mind and saying that language is the work of reason (Descartes 1968). Chomsky thus coun- ted language as a mental organization, a tool of expression and reflection not subject to automatic interpretation or to the idea of motivation and excitement. One of the most important issues that Chomsky draws from Descartes' philoso- phy is: • Language and mind work. • The idea of language instinct. We will discuss these two issues as follows: First: Language and the work of reason The 21st century features methodological features that reintroduced the philo- sophy of the mind / body philosophy, a philosophy put forward by Descartes in the belief Descartes' influence on Chomsky's theory and his analysis of language 2625 rists: "The empirical thinking and the behavioral science that developed within it, That they are real ") (Shayeb 1999) To achieve this, Chomsky returned to the mental philosophy that emerged in the seventeenth century, and to give his ideas a historical dimension adopted the ideas of Descartes and relied on in guiding the study of language, culminating in his book "Cartesian Linguistics," making Descartes's mental ideas the cornerstone in the construction of his theory ) Descartes' views of reason, Chomsky's interpretations of Cartesian principles, were motivated by the revelation of the work of the human mind through the recognition of basic philosophical concepts that the structuralists deny.
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