DOCSLIB.ORG

Territorial Diagnostic Report of the Land Resources of Somaliland

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Territorial Diagnostic Report of the Land Resources of Somaliland TERRITORIAL DIAGNOSTIC REPORT OF THE LAND RESOURCES OF SOMALILAND February, 2016 1 Acknowledgement This report is the outcome of cooperation of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and SWALIM Project on one hand and the Somaliland Ministry of Environment and Rural Development on the other hand. We commend the effort of the SWALIM Project team members, in particular Hussein Gadain (SWALIM CTA), Saleem Ullah (NBSAP Consultant), Jeremiah Njeru (Capacity Development), Simon Mumuli (Land Resource Officer). We also commend the contribution of the land project team under which the territorial diagnostic study was undertaken, in particular Michael Oyat (Land Tenure Officer/Project Coordinator) and Ashebir Bekele (Territorial Development Consultant) for their inputs into the diagnostic process. The study has been made possible by the European Union through its generous financial contribution to the project “Rebuilding Confidence on Land Issues in Somalia”. Disclaimer The designations employed and the presentation of materials in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and SWALIM Project or the European Union that funded the project concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area of its authorities, or concerning the delimitations of its frontiers or boundaries. This document should be cited as follows: Ullah, S al ee m , 2016. Territorial diagnostic report of the land resources of Somaliland, FAO-SWALIM, Nairobi, Kenya. 2 Table of Contents List of Acronyms .......................................................................................................................... 7 Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................................ 8 Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................... 9 1. Introduction............................................................................................................................. 13 1.1 Background ....................................................................................................................... 13 1.2. Introduction to the land resources of Somaliland ............................................................ 15 1.2.1. Climate ...................................................................................................................... 15 1.2.2. Landforms ................................................................................................................. 16 1.2.3. Soils: ......................................................................................................................... 16 1.2.4. Land use/land cover: ................................................................................................. 16 1.2.5. Land evaluation of Somaliland (Northern Area of Interest) ......................................... 17 1.3. Conclusion ....................................................................................................................... 18 2. Methodology ........................................................................................................................... 19 2.1. The Approach .................................................................................................................. 19 2.2. Integrated Methodologies Used for the Studies of Land Resources of Somaliland ........ 20 3. Climate and Ground Water of Somaliland ............................................................................. 24 3.1. Climate of Somaliland ..................................................................................................... 24 3.1.1. Climatic Zones .......................................................................................................... 25 3.1.2. Rainfall spatial and temporal distribution ................................................................. 26 3.1.3. Climate of the main landscapes of Somaliland ......................................................... 27 3.2. Groundwater Resources of Somaliland ........................................................................... 32 3.3. Run-off and Surface Water Resources of Somaliland ..................................................... 34 5. Landforms and Soils of Somaliland........................................................................................ 34 5.1. Landforms ........................................................................................................................ 34 5.2. Soils of Somaliland .......................................................................................................... 38 5.2.1. Occurrence and location of the soils of Somaliland: ................................................ 38 5.2.2. The productive potential of the soils ......................................................................... 39 5.2.3. Description of soil classes ......................................................................................... 42 5.2.4. Soils by Land forms of Somaliland .......................................................................... 44 5.2.5 Soils of Burco and Owdweyne ........................................................................... 48 5.2.6. Current use and recommendation for adequate management ................................... 51 6. Land cover and land use ......................................................................................................... 55 6.1. Landcover of Somaliland ................................................................................................. 55 6.1.1 Landcover of the coastal plain and piedmont: ........................................................... 59 6.1.2. Landcover of the mountains and highlands: ............................................................. 60 6.1.3. Landcover of plateaus ............................................................................................... 61 3 Map 15: Map of land cover of Plateau in Somaliland ........................................................ 62 6.1.4. Landcover of valleys ................................................................................................. 62 6.2. Land uses of Somaliland .................................................................................................. 63 6.2.1. Land use in the Coastal plains of Somaliland ........................................................... 64 6.2.2. Land use in the Mountains and highlands of Somaliland ......................................... 64 6.2.3. Land use in the Plateaus of Somaliland .................................................................... 65 6.2.4. Land use in the Valleys of Somaliland ..................................................................... 66 7. Production systems, livelihoods, Socio-economic and institutional factors ........................... 68 7.1. Demographic context ....................................................................................................... 68 7.2. Socio-economic context ................................................................................................... 69 7.3. Political situation ............................................................................................................. 70 7.4. Natural Resources Context .............................................................................................. 71 7.5. Public Service Delivery and Information Management Context ..................................... 74 7.5. The Livelihood context: a zonal perspective ................................................................... 74 8. Integration, Conclusion and Recommendations ..................................................................... 78 Challenges and Gaps in the sustainable management of the land resources of Somaliland: .. 82 Bio-physical challenges: ..................................................................................................... 82 Institutional & Capacity gaps: ............................................................................................ 85 Recommendations: ................................................................................................................. 86 4 List of Figures Figure 1 Somaliland climate zones ................................................................... 26 Figure 2: Somaliland mean annual rainfall spatial distribution ........................ 27 Figure 3: Climatic characteristics of the coastal landscape .............................. 28 Figure 4: Climatic characteristics of the Mountain and Highlands (Moist) landscape 29 Figure 5: Climatic characteristics of the Mountain and Highlands (Arid) landscape 30 Figure 6: Climatic characteristics of Plateau (Semi-arid) landscape ................ 30 Figure 7: Climatic characteristics of Plateau (Arid) landscape......................... 31 Figure 8: Climatic characteristics of Valley landscape. .................................... 31 Figure 9: Landform distribution in Somaliland ................................................ 37 Figure 10: Distribution of Soil types ................................................................ 39 List of Tables: Table 1: Summary of boreholes in Somaliland........................................................................... 34 Table 2: Physical and chemical properties of the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • SOMALIA - WASH, Health and Shelter Interventions - Sool and Sanaag Regions As of 1 October 2009 UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
    SOMALIA - WASH, Health and Shelter Interventions - Sool and Sanaag Regions as of 1 October 2009 UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs ! Bossaso Ceelaayo P Higlo ! Humanitarian interventions Laasa Johor Laas- k Higlo qoray! U/xeed k surad ! " ! k ! "! Higlaale "! Qorax k ! kk Waqdariya " k jiif k ! k Xarshaw ! ! Health " ! k" ! ! Xidid"! f k Xabaasha- k" Gulf of Aden ! k! waale " k ! ! Meermeer ! WASH f"! ! " Badhan k ! Celaayo "kk! ! " "k !" ! k k "k ! ! k"! k"k ! ! BOSSASO ! 64,100 e Shelter ! Madar ! LAASQORAY ! ! moge! ! ! ! !! ! " ! Completed or Ongoing ! ! ! ! k!! ! ! ! Saba ! Hadaaftimo ! !! ! ! " ! k! Macmac wanagsan ! Daray ! ! ! ! " " ! k Moon ! Midigale ! " Sabawanag ! k ! k !! Daamo ! " k " " " " ! k ! ! k k k Ooman k k " k " ! Planned ! Dhifeeco ! k ! ! k ! Badhand "f k k ! ! k Ceerigaabo! ! P!! " "k " ! k k ! !! ! Qadhadho32,000 Cawsane ! k ! Dhige ! k "f ! ! Uduncule" k Rad k ! ! k " Total population in need k ! ! k xx ! Carmale ! ! (including IDPs) ! ! ! " ! ! ! k" Fargob ! k k ! SANAAG ! k" ! ! CEERIGAABO Haylaan ! ! ! ! ! Biyo ! ! " Dawaco ! ! ! " k " !! k! k ! ! ! ! guduud " Qaloocato " ! k "k ! "kArdaa! k ! ! k !! ! Dhabar Ceelmagacle 22,000 Dhaban ! Buraan ! k " k ! dalool " ! Danweyn k k" Ceel-buh ! ! ! Goof ! k " P ! ! kk Shimbiraale "! " " k" Regional capital ! ! !! ! k k ! ! CEEL ! k k kk ! " " ! " " f Dareemolamood k ! ! ! k f ! k! ! k ! ! " " ! ! ! ! k "" Bali ! k ! Bira AFWEYN ! kk Gooraan ! Settlement ! God Table busle ! !! Tuur Qoof ! ! ! Gallubade " ! Kalad Waraabaha " !! Waaciye Docolka
    [Show full text]
  • Territorial Diagnostic Report of the Land Resources of Somaliland
    Territorial diagnostic report of the land resources of Somaliland Technincal Report No. L-21 February, 2016 Somalia Water and Land Information Management Ngecha Road, Lake View. P.O Box 30470-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. Tel +254 020 4000300 - Fax +254 020 4000333, Email: [email protected] Website: http//www.faoswalim.org Funded by the European Union and implemented by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 1 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the SWALIM Project concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries This document should be cited as follows: Ullah, Saleem, 2016. Territorial diagnostic report of the land resources of Somaliland. FAO-SWALIM, Nairobi, Kenya. 2 Table of Contents List of Acronyms .......................................................................................................................... 7 Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................................ 9 Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... 10 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 16 1.1 Background
    [Show full text]
  • Somaliland Assistance Bulletin
    Somaliland Assistance Bulletin 1 – 30 November 2005 HUMANITARIAN SITUATION Security & Access The overall security situation in Somaliland remained stable. A verdict was issued on the trail case of the 10 arrested suspects of the killings of four humanitarian workers occurring in 2003 and 2004. The case originally started in March 2005. According to the regional court in Hargeisa, 8 men were found guilty of "terrorism" and were sentenced to death. Following the killing of the 4 expatriate humanitarian workers, the UN in collaboration with the national authorities established a Special Protection Unit (SPU) initially to provide protection for humanitarian workers of UN & international NGOs, subsequently extended to the rest of the community. Since then no further incidents were reported. A deadly mine accident occurred in Burao on 16 November 2005 where a vehicle diverted from the main road towards a roadside short cut. Three out of a total of seven passengers were reported dead, including one UN staff member. Somaliland Mine Action Center (SMAC), supported by UNDP, coordinates mine action activities, since late 1999, an approximate area of around 115 million square meters has been cleared. Food Security/Livelihoods Aerial Photograph of Burao settlements, source UN Habitat. Deyr rain started on time, whereby most areas received Ministry of Health & Labour (MOH&L), the Somali Red normal to above normal rains except for parts of Crescent Society, Save the Children Fund, Candlelight southern Awdal region. Rainfall distribution and intensity and Havoyoco. Sources of income among Burao were good and allowed for further replenishment of water settlements were labeled more irregular and unreliable.
    [Show full text]
  • SOMALIË Veiligheidssituatie in Somaliland En Puntland
    COMMISSARIAAT-GENERAAL VOOR DE VLUCHTELINGEN EN DE STAATLOZEN COI Focus SOMALIË Veiligheidssituatie in Somaliland en Puntland 30 juni 2020 (update) Cedoca Oorspronkelijke taal: Nederlands DISCLAIMER: Dit COI-product is geschreven door de documentatie- en researchdienst This COI-product has been written by Cedoca, the Documentation and Cedoca van het CGVS en geeft informatie voor de behandeling van Research Department of the CGRS, and it provides information for the individuele verzoeken om internationale bescherming. Het document bevat processing of individual applications for international protection. The geen beleidsrichtlijnen of opinies en oordeelt niet over de waarde van het document does not contain policy guidelines or opinions and does not pass verzoek om internationale bescherming. Het volgt de richtlijnen van de judgment on the merits of the application for international protection. It follows Europese Unie voor de behandeling van informatie over herkomstlanden van the Common EU Guidelines for processing country of origin information (April april 2008 en is opgesteld conform de van kracht zijnde wettelijke bepalingen. 2008) and is written in accordance with the statutory legal provisions. De auteur heeft de tekst gebaseerd op een zo ruim mogelijk aanbod aan The author has based the text on a wide range of public information selected zorgvuldig geselecteerde publieke informatie en heeft de bronnen aan elkaar with care and with a permanent concern for crosschecking sources. Even getoetst. Het document probeert alle relevante aspecten van het onderwerp though the document tries to cover all the relevant aspects of the subject, the te behandelen, maar is niet noodzakelijk exhaustief. Als bepaalde text is not necessarily exhaustive.
    [Show full text]
  • Sanaag Region - Laasqoray District
    Sanaag Region - Laasqoray District 48°0'E 48°30'E 49°0'E Dur-Duri(S13-001) ! Bossaso !% Ceelaayo(U20-001) p ! G U L F O F A D E N Las Mihin(V06-001) ! Laas Moholin(V12-001) ! Laasqoray(W05-001) Laasqoray(!!! p Mash-Caleed(W07-001) ! Qorax Jiif(X15-001) Ulxeed(X11-001) ! ! Farcaanood(Y17-001) Xidid(Y14-001) ! ! Laas Xuluys(Z16-001) ! ! N Xuliya(Z16-002) N ' Mush-Xaleed(Z07-001) !Bad!han(Z07-002) ' 0 ! 0 ° Xabaasha-Waale(Z08-001) ° 1 Duriduri(A17-001) 1 ! ! 1 Sac-Qooqis(A08-002) 1 Geed La Rifay(A08-001) ! Marraje(C22-001) LAASQORAY ! BOSSASO Af Urur(D21-001) ! Raad(G13-001) Laako(G13-002) !! Xubeera(H12-001) ! Mindigle(H10-001) Midigale(H15-001) ! ! Daamo(H17-001) ! Coodenley(J23-001) ! Cawsane(L18-001) ! N N ' ' 0 0 3 3 ° ° 0 0 1 1 Dhabar Dalool(R16-001) Haylaan(R18-001) ! ! CEERIGAABO Hiil Sibeeye(U15-001) Buraan(U17-001) ! Buraan(U16-001) ! ! Qayaad Samo(W23-001) ! Alxamdullileh(X23-001) ! Habar ! Kaladhac(Y20-004) Shiro(Y20-002)! ! ! Bali Cawsane(Y20-001) Busle(Y20-003) Waaciye(Z23-001) N ! N ' ' 0 0 ° Kalad QARDHO ° 0 0 1 Hacda(A22-001) 1 ! Dhahar(G19-001) ! Xeradaa/Muudal(H23-001) ! Ceel La Qoday(H14-001) ! Deb Buni(J24-001) ! 48°0'E 48°30'E TALEEX 49°0'E p (!! Map Reference: 120222_OCHASom_Sanaag_Lasqoray 0 10 20 30 kms LEGEND Creation Date: 22/02/2012 % Streams Projection/Datum: Geographic/WGS 84 ! Regional capital Web Resources: http://www.unocha.org/somalia Map data source(s): International boundary E-mail: [email protected] All Admin.
    [Show full text]
  • Humanitarian Bulletin
    Humanitarian Bulletin January 2016 | Issued on 26 January 2016 In this issue Drought in Puntland, Somaliland P.1 AWD in Baidoa, Kismayo P.2 HIGHLIGHTS 2016 HRP launched P.3 Drought affects thousands in Access constraints in 2015 P.4 Puntland and Somaliland Partners respond to AWD/cholera in Baidoa and IDP settlements are most affected by AWD Kismayo Photo Credit: OCHA/Rita Maingi Access and bureaucratic impediments persisted in Drought in Puntland, Somaliland 2015. Acute water and pasture shortage affect thousands of people and livestock FIGURES Nearly 380,000 people face acute water and pasture shortage in drought-affected parts of Bari, Nugaal, Sanaag and Sool in Puntland as well as in Awdal, Togdheer and Waqooyi # of people in Galbeed regions of Somaliland. In Puntland, erratic rainfall for two successive seasons humanitarian 7 1m including the Deyr 2015 rains have exacerbated the humanitarian situation. emergency and crisis Dangorayo and Garowe and parts of Badhan, Dhahar, Eyl, Qardho, eastern # of people 3.9m Taleex/Xudun, and districts of Bari, Nugaal and Sanaag and Sool regions are among the in food security most affected. stress An estimated 220,000 people are # of acutely 308,000 affected by drought in Puntland, malnourished according to the Humanitarian children under age 5 Affairs and Disaster Management Source: www.fsnau.org Agency (HADMA) and (July-December 2015 projection) humanitarian partners. Authorities # of internally 1.1m in Puntland issued an appeal on displaced people 21 January 2016 to assist the # of Somali drought-affected people in the refugees in the 1.2m region. An estimated 65 per cent Horn of Africa of Puntland face drought and Yemen conditions, according to an inter- Source: UNHCR agency assesment conducted jointly with local authorities and Humanitarian A p p ea l FAO - Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit (FSNAU).
    [Show full text]
  • Peace in Puntland: Mapping the Progress Democratization, Decentralization, and Security and Rule of Law
    Peace in Puntland: Mapping the Progress Democratization, Decentralization, and Security and Rule of Law Pillars of Peace Somali Programme Garowe, November 2015 Acknowledgment This Report was prepared by the Puntland Development Re- search Center (PDRC) and the Interpeace Regional Office for Eastern and Central Africa. Lead Researchers Research Coordinator: Ali Farah Ali Security and Rule of Law Pillar: Ahmed Osman Adan Democratization Pillar: Mohamoud Ali Said, Hassan Aden Mo- hamed Decentralization Pillar: Amina Mohamed Abdulkadir Audio and Video Unit: Muctar Mohamed Hersi Research Advisor Abdirahman Osman Raghe Editorial Support Peter W. Mackenzie, Peter Nordstrom, Jessamy Garver- Affeldt, Jesse Kariuki and Claire Elder Design and Layout David Müller Printer Kul Graphics Ltd Front cover photo: Swearing-in of Galkayo Local Council. Back cover photo: Mother of slain victim reaffirms her com- mittment to peace and rejection of revenge killings at MAVU film forum in Herojalle. ISBN: 978-9966-1665-7-9 Copyright: Puntland Development Research Center (PDRC) Published: November 2015 This report was produced by the Puntland Development Re- search Center (PDRC) with the support of Interpeace and represents exclusively their own views. These views have not been adopted or in any way approved by the contribut- ing donors and should not be relied upon as a statement of the contributing donors or their services. The contributing donors do not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this report, nor do they accept responsibility for any use
    [Show full text]
  • HAB Represents a Variety of Sources and Does Not Necessarily Express the Views of the LPI
    ei January-February 2017 Volume 29 Issue 1 2017 elections: Making Somalia great again? Contents 1. Editor's Note 2. Somali elections online: View from Mogadishu 3. Somalia under Farmaajo: Fresh start or another false dawn? 4. Somalia’s recent election gives Somali women a glimmer of hope 5. ‘Regional’ representation and resistance: Is there a relationship between 2017 elections in Somalia and Somaliland? 6. Money and drought: Beyond the politico-security sustainability of elections in Somalia and Somaliland 1 Editorial information This publication is produced by the Life & Peace Institute (LPI) with support from the Bread for the World, Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) and Church of Sweden International Department. The donors are not involved in the production and are not responsible for the contents of the publication. Editorial principles The Horn of Africa Bulletin is a regional policy periodical, monitoring and analysing key peace and security issues in the Horn with a view to inform and provide alternative analysis on on-going debates and generate policy dialogue around matters of conflict transformation and peacebuilding. The material published in HAB represents a variety of sources and does not necessarily express the views of the LPI. Comment policy All comments posted are moderated before publication. Feedback and subscriptions For subscription matters, feedback and suggestions contact LPI’s regional programme on HAB@life- peace.org For more LPI publications and resources, please visit: www.life-peace.org/resources/ ISSN 2002-1666 About Life & Peace Institute Since its formation, LPI has carried out programmes for conflict transformation in a variety of countries, conducted research, and produced numerous publications on nonviolent conflict transformation and the role of religion in conflict and peacebuilding.
    [Show full text]
  • Somalia (Puntland & Somaliland)
    United Nations Development Programme GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SOMALIA (PUNTLAND & SOMALILAND) CASE STUDY TABLE OF CONTENTS KEY FACTS .................................................................................................................................. 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................................ 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.............................................................................................................. 4 METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................................ 6 CONTEXT .................................................................................................................................... 7 Socio-economic and political context .............................................................................................. 7 Gender equality context....................................................................................................................... 8 Public administration context .......................................................................................................... 12 WOMEN’S PARTICIPATION IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION .................................................16 POLICY AND IMPLEMENTATION REVIEW ............................................................................18 Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Development Programme ................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Somaliland 2021 Special Pre-Election Report-FINAL UPDATED
    A VOTE FOR CHANGE: Somaliland’s Two Decades Old Electoral Democracy May 2021 cademy for Peace and Development kaademiga Nabadda iyo Horumarka 1 A Vote for Change: Somaliland’s Two Decades Old Electoral Democracy Contents 1. Executive Summary ......................................................................................................... 2 2. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 3 3. Background ...................................................................................................................... 4 4. Methodology .................................................................................................................... 5 5. Politics of Extension: Formal Rules of the Game ........................................................... 6 6. The Eastern Factor: Creating More Inclusive Politics .................................................... 9 Context .............................................................................................................................................................................. 9 Table 1: Regional Distribution of Votes in Somaliland’s elections (2002-2017). ............................. 9 Table 2: Seat Distribution between Isaaq and Non-Isaaq communities, 1960, 1998, 2005 ..... 10 What has changed now? ....................................................................................................................................... 10 7. The Elephant in the Room: Informal
    [Show full text]
  • Exploring Vulnerability and Resilience from a Multifaceted and Systemic Perspective
    Wageningen Centre for Development Innovation Wageningen Centre for Development Innovation supports value creation by Wageningen University & Research strengthening capacities for sustainable development. As the international expertise Exploring vulnerability and resilience from P.O. Box 88 and capacity building institute of Wageningen University & Research we bring 6700 AB Wageningen knowledge into action, with the aim to explore the potential of nature to improve The Netherlands the quality of life. With approximately 30 locations, 6,500 members (5,500 fte) of a multifaceted and systemic perspective T +31 (0)317 48 68 00 staff and 12,500 students, Wageningen University & Research is a world leader in its www.wur.eu/cdi domain. An integral way of working, and cooperation between the exact sciences Case studies in Ethiopia and Somaliland and the technological and social disciplines are key to its approach. Report WCDI-21-143 Nina de Roo and Jan van der Lee Exploring vulnerability and resilience from a multifaceted and systemic perspective Case studies in Ethiopia and Somaliland Nina de Roo1 and Jan van der Lee2 1 Wageningen Centre for Development Innovation 2 Wageningen Livestock Research Wageningen Centre for Development Innovation Wageningen, March 2021 Report WCDI-21-143 Roo, N. de and J. van der Lee, 2021. Exploring vulnerability and resilience from a multifaceted and systemic perspective; Case studies in Ethiopia and Somaliland. Wageningen Centre for Development Innovation, Wageningen University & Research. Report WCDI-21-143. Wageningen. This report can be downloaded for free at https://doi.org/10.18174/543744 or at www.wur.eu/cdi (under publications). The COVID-19 pandemic, and especially its responses such as lockdowns and transport restrictions shocked the world in 2020.
    [Show full text]
  • Somalia Assessment
    Somalia, Country Information Page 1 of 47 SOMALIA ASSESSMENT October 2002 Country Information and Policy Unit I SCOPE OF DOCUMENT II GEOGRAPHY III HISTORY IV STATE STRUCTURES VA HUMAN RIGHTS ISSUES VB HUMAN RIGHTS - SPECIFIC GROUPS ANNEX A: CHRONOLOGY ANNEX B: SOMALI CLAN STRUCTURE ANNEX C: POLITICAL ORGANISATIONS ANNEX D: PROMINENT PEOPLE REFERENCES TO SOURCE MATERIAL 1. SCOPE OF DOCUMENT 1.1 This assessment has been produced by the Country Information and Policy Unit, Immigration and Nationality Directorate, Home Office, from information obtained from a wide variety of recognised sources. The document does not contain any Home Office opinion or policy. 1.2 The assessment has been prepared for background purposes for those involved in the asylum/human rights determination process. The information it contains is not exhaustive. It concentrates on the issues most commonly raised in asylum/human rights claims made in the United Kingdom. 1.3 The assessment is sourced throughout. It is intended to be used by caseworkers as a signpost to the source material, which has been made available to them. The vast majority of the source material is readily available in the public domain. 1.4 It is intended to revise the assessment on a six-monthly basis while the country remains within the top 35 asylum-seeker producing countries in the United Kingdom. http://194.203.40.90/ppage.asp?section=193&title=Somalia%2C%20Country%20Informati...o 11/25/2002 Somalia, Country Information Page 2 of 47 2. GEOGRAPHY 2.1 Somalia (known officially from 1969 until the collapse of central government in 1991 as the Somali Democratic Republic) has an area of 637,657 sq km and borders Kenya, Ethiopia and Djibouti.
    [Show full text]