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Appendix C: Plant Palette

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appendix c: plant pallete plant palette The Plant Palette identifies shade, understory and small trees, shrubs, groundover, perennials and ornamental grasses appropriate for the projects identified within the Urban Greening Plan and consistent with the policy direction defined by the Urban Greening objectives. The Plants defined as part of this plant palette do not represent an exhaustive list of appropriate or approved plants; they were developed to identify context- sensitive plant recommendations for El Cerrito’s streets, parks, and open spaces. This palette may be used to provide plant guidance to private projects interested in achieving the benefits identified by this Plan. This Palette is a living document and may be updated over time to better reflect changing environmental conditions. If the Plant Palette and the City’s current Master Tree List are in conflict, the current Master Tree List will take precedence. SHADE TREES Edible Native Evergreen Evergreen Water Use Water Litter Type Pollinators Deciduous/ Root Damage Landscape Use Creek Interpret Creek Drought Tolerant Drought Desirable Wildlife Biofiltration Planter Scientific Name Common Name Biogenic Emissions Acer macrophyllum Big Leaf Maple ü ü ü ü D M Riparian M High Dry Alnus rhombifolia White Alder ü ü D H Riparian ü High Dry Alnus rubra* Red Alder ü D H Riparian - ü High Dry Betula jaquemontii Birch D H Riparian - ü Mod Dry Screen, Carpinus betulus 'Fastigiata' Fastigiate Hornbeam D M Hedged Low Dry Castanea sativa European Chestnut ü D - - Low Dry Screen, Geijera parvifolia Australian Willow ü E M Lawn, M ü Low Dry Street Koelreuteria bipinnata Chinese Flame Tree D M Screen H Low Dry Magnolia grandiflora Russet Southern Flowers, D M M High Dry, 'Russet' Magnolia Leaves Morus nigra Persian Mulberry ü D M ü High Wet Nyssa sylvatica Tupelo ü D M Riparian Low Dry Screen, Pinus edulus Pinyon Pine Dry ü ü ü E L Bonsai M ü Low Pistache chinensis Chinese Pistache ü D L M Low Platanus acerifolia Dry, Columbia London Plane D M 'Columbia' Bark Platanus acerifolia Yarwood London Plane 'Yarwood' D M ü High Dry Platanus acerifolia Columbia Sycamore - 'Columbia' D M - - - - Dry, Leaves, Platanus racemosa California Sycamore ü ü ü D M Riparian H ü Mod Twigs, Bark Pinus canariensis Canary Island Pine ü E L M Mod Dry Quercus agrifolia Coast Live Oak ü ü ü E VL H ü Mod Dry Quercus engelmanii Engelman Oak ü ü E L H ü Mod Dry Quercus shumardii Shumard Oak ü D M Riparian ü Mod Dry Quercus suber Cork Oak ü ü ü E L H ü Dry Quercus virginiana Southern Live Oak E M H ü Mod Dry Tristania conferta Brisbane Box ü E M H Low Dry Tilia tomentosa 'Sterling Sterling Silver Linden Silver' ü D L Mod Dry *Certain trees were not evaluated as part of the recent City Master Tree List planning process; they have been identified for their environmental benefits and ability to achieve Urban Greening objectives; planting of these trees will require approval from the City Arborist UNDERSTORY & SMALL TREES Edible Native Evergreen Evergreen Water Use Water Litter Type Pollinators Deciduous/ Root Damage Landscape Use Creek Interpret Creek Drought Tolerant Drought Desirable Wildlife Biofiltration Planter Scientific Name Common Name Biogenic Emissions Screen, Acer campestre Hedge Maple D M Hedged Low Dry Cercis occidentalis Western Redbud ü ü ü D VL Screen L ü Low Dry Screen, Citrus*** Lemon ü E M Espalier, M ü Low Wet Hedged Screen, Citrus*** Orange ü E M Espalier, M ü Low Wet Hedged Fruit, Diospyros kaki*** Persimmon ü Container ü D L Low Leaves Ficus carica 'Brown Screen, Brown Turkey Fig Turkey'*** ü D M Espalier H ü Low Wet Heteromeles arbutifolia Toyon ü ü ü ü E L Screen L ü Low Wet Koelreuteria paniculata Golden Rain Tree ü D M Screen H Low Dry Screen, Lagerstroemia indica Muskogee Crape Myrtle ü D L Hedged L Low Dry Screen, Malus domestica*** Ashmead's Kernel ü D M Espalier, ü Low Wet Hedged Screen, Malus domestica*** Dorsett Golden ü D M Espalier, ü Low Wet Hedged Malus x 'Robinson' Robinson Crabapple ü D Prunus armeniaca Screen, Blenheim Apricot 'Blenheim'*** ü D L Espalier L Low Wet Screen, Prunus armeniaca 'Tilton'*** Tilton Apricot ü D L Espalier L Low Wet Screen, Prunus illicifolia Hollyleaf Cherry ü ü ü E L Hedged L ü Low Wet Prunus salicina 'Santa Santa Rosa Plum Screen Rosa'*,*** ü D L Low Wet Prunus salicina Satsuma Plum Screen 'Satsuma'**,**** ü D L Low Wet Screen, Punica granatum*** Pomegranate Tree ü ü ü D L Espalier, ü Low Wet Hedged Pyrus calleriana 'Aristocrat'* Aristocrat Pear ü D Screen Low ü Mod Dry Riparian, Sambucus mexicana Mexican Elderberry ü ü ü ü D L Screen L ü Low Wet * Plant with the pollinator ‘Santa Rosa’ ** Partially self-fertile; better yields when planted with ‘Satsuma’ ***Fruit trees are not listed on the current City’s Approved Street Tree List; planting of fruit trees will require City Arborist approval and a maintenance and clean-up plan SHRUBS, GROUNDCOVER, PERENNIALS, & ORNAMENTAL GRASSES FOR SPECIAL SITUATIONS Drought Biofiltration Creek Deciduous/ Native Pollinators Edible Tolerant Planter Interpret Evergreen Scientific Name Common Name SHRUBS & GROUNDCOVER Arbutus unedo 'Elfin King' Elfin King Strawberry Tree ü ü E Arbutus sp. Madrone sp. ü ü ü E Arctostaphylos sp. Manzanita sp. ü ü ü E Arctostaphylos d. 'Howard Howard McMinn Manzanita McMinn' ü ü E Baccharis pillularis Coyote Bush ü ü ü E Calycanthus occidentalis Spice Bush ü ü ü D Ceanothus spp. California Wild Lilac ü ü ü ü E Cornus sericea Red-Twig Dogwood ü ü ü D Corylus cornuta californica Western Hazelnut ü ü D Eriogonum fasciculatum California Buckwheat ü ü ü ü E Eriogonum giganteum St. Catherine's Lace ü ü ü E Eriogonum grande rubescens Red Buckwheat ü ü ü E Eriogonum latifolium Coast Buckwheat ü ü E Holodiscus discolor Cream Bush ü ü D Mahonia spp. Mahonia sp. ü ü ü E Punica granatum 'nana' Dwarf Pomegranite ü ü D Rhamnus californica 'Eve Case' Eve Case Coffeeberry ü ü ü ü E Rhamnus crocea Redberry ü ü ü E Ribes aureum Golden Current ü ü ü D Ribes sanguineum Red Flowering Current ü ü ü D Rosa californica California Wild Rose ü ü ü ü ü D Rosa sp. Rose (rose hips) ü ü D Rhus integrifolia Lemonade berry ü ü ü E Rosmarinus sp. Rosmary ü E Spiraea douglasii Western Spirea ü ü D Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry ü ü ü ü D Vaccinium 'Sunshine Blue' Sunshine Blue Blueberry ü E Vaccinium vitus-idaea' Lingonberry ü E VINES Myoporum parvifolium Creeping Myoporum ü E Polygonum aubertii Silver Lace Vine ü E Drought Biofiltration Creek Deciduous/ Native Pollinators Edible Tolerant Planter Interpret Evergreen Scientific Name Common Name PERENNIALS & ORNAMENTAL GRASSES Achillea millefolium Common Yarrow ü ü Asclepias speciosa Showy Milkweed ü ü ü Asclepias fascicularis Narrowleaf Milkweed ü ü ü Carex buchananii Leatherleaf Sedge ü Carex divulsa Berkeley Sedge ü ü Carex pansa Dune Sedge ü Carex praegracilis California Field Sedge ü ü Carex Testacea Orange Sedge ü Chamaemelum nobile Chamomile ü Chondropetalum tectorum Small Cape Rush ü ü Deschampsia cespitosa Tufted Hair Grass ü ü ü Dietes bicolor Fortnight Lilly ü Epilobium canum California Fuschia ü ü ü Eschscholzia californica California Poppy ü ü ü Festuca Idahoensis 'Siskiyou Siskiyou Blue' Blue Grass Blue' ü Festuca rubra Red Fescue ü ü Helictotrichon sempervirens Blue Oat Grass ü Juncus effusus Soft Rush ü Juncus patens California Gray Rush ü Lantana cultivars Lantana ü Lavandula x intermedia Provence English Lavender 'Provence' ü ü ü Lavandula sp. Lavender ü ü Leymus condensatus 'Canyon Canyon Prince Wild Rye Prince' ü ü Leymus triticoides Creeping Wild Rye ü ü Lotus scoparius Deer Weed ü ü Mimulus aurantiacus Monkey Flower ü ü ü ü Monardella villosa Coyote Mint ü ü Muhlenbergia rigens Deer Grass ü ü ü Nasella pulchra Purple Needlegrass ü ü ü Nepeta faassenii Catmint ü ü Oriaganum vulgare Oregano ü Polystichum munitum Western Sword Fern ü ü Salvia spp. Sage ü ü Salvia gregii Evergreen Sage ü ü Salvia 'Margarita BOP' Margarita BOP Sage ü ü Salvia mellifera Black Sage ü ü ü Salvia officinalis Sage ü ü Salvia sonomensis Sonoma Sage ü ü Salvia spathacea Hummingbird Sage ü ü ü California Golden-eyed Sisyrinchium californicum Grass ü Sisyrinchium bellum Western Blue-eyed Grass ü ü ü Stipa arundinacea New Zealand Wind Grass ü Wyethia angustifolia Narrowleaf Mules Ears ü ü PLANT PALETTE: STROLLING STREETS Landscaping along strolling streets should compliment commercial uses and provide a pleasant sidewalk environment for pedestrians. Plants were selected for their foliage and size, and should be maintained so as to not block signs or impede pedestrian movement. Scientific Name Common Name SHADE TREES Acer macrophyllum Big Leaf Maple Alnus rhombifolia White Alder Figure 01. California Sycramore Nissa sylvatica Tupelo create pleasant shade for strolling Platanus acerifolia 'Columbia' Columbia Sycamore (SPA) streets Platanus racemosa California Sycamore Quercus agrifolia Coast Live Oak Quercus engelmanii Engelman Oak Quercus shumardii Shumard Oak Quercus suber Cork Oak Quercus virginiana Southern Live Oak Tilia tomentosa 'Sterling Silver' Sterling Silver Linden UNDERSTORY & SMALL TREES Cercis occidentalis Western Redbud Heteromeles arbutifolia Toyon Lagerstroemia indica 'Muskogee' Muskogee Crape Myrtle Malus x 'Robinson' Robinson Crabapple Figure 02. Aristocrat Pear are a Prunus illicifolia Hollyleaf Cherry smaller species also well-suited to Pyrus calleriana 'Aristocrat' Aristocrat Pear strolling streets Sambucus mexicana Mexican Elderberry Figure 03. Big Leaf Maple Figure 05. Calif. Sycamore Figure 07. Coast Live Oak Figure 09. South. Live Oak Figure 04. Toyon Figure 06. Western Redbud Figure 08. Crape Myrtle Figure 10. Hollyleaf Cherry PLANT PALETTE: CREEK INTERPRETATION STREETS AND PROJECTS Creek Interpretation streets and projects make use of distinctive vegetation to identify underground creek channels and to highlight green infrastructure.
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    Platanus racemosa Nutt., CALIFORNIA SYCAMORE, WESTERN SYCAMORE, ALISO. Tree, winter-deciduous, with 1−several thick trunks, trunks ascending to reclining, branching somewhat open, in range 8–20+ m tall; monoecious; shoots with emerging leaves and young axes densely tomentose and covered with branched (dendritic) hairs, having a distinctive smell when crushed; bark on large branches and trunk smooth = mosaic of chalky white to dark gray patches, peeling in stiff flakes (exfoliating), on very old trunks cracked and not exfoliating. Stems: cylindric, somewhat zigzagged and knobby with projecting leaf buttresses, on young shoots olive to brown, becoming glabrescent, with encircling stipular scars; axillary buds conic; cataphylls strigose with golden, unbranched hairs. Leaves: helically alternate, palmately lobed with 3 or 5(7) lobes, petiolate, with stipules; stipules 1, leafy, sheathing stem, round with encircling blade lobes touching or shortly fused when immature, 20−60 mm wide, toothed or not, deciduous or sometimes persisting dead on winter stems; petiole 20–80 mm wide with dilated, hollow base covering axillary bud; blade ± round, 90–300 mm, truncate to cordate at base, lobes long- triangular with sinuses 1/3−2/3 blade length, entire or with various-sized, widely spaced teeth on lobe margins, acute at tip, palmately 3-veined from base or pseudopalmately veined with 1 vein at base hen branched palmately above, velveteen tomentose with light brown hairs on expanding surfaces, upper surface becoming glabrescent, lower surface remaining
  • Short-Term Fate of Rehabilitated Orphan Black Bears Released in New Hampshire

    Short-Term Fate of Rehabilitated Orphan Black Bears Released in New Hampshire

    Human–Wildlife Interactions 10(2): 258–267, Fall 2016 Short-term fate of rehabilitated orphan black bears released in New Hampshire Wˎ˜˕ˎˢ E. S˖˒˝ˑ1, Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, 56 College Road, Durham, NH 03824, USA [email protected] Pˎ˝ˎ˛ J. Pˎ˔˒˗˜, Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, 56 College Road, Durham, NH 03824, USA A˗ˍ˛ˎˠ A. T˒˖˖˒˗˜, New Hampshire Fish and Game Department, 629B Main Street, Lancaster, NH 03584, USA Bˎ˗˓ˊ˖˒˗ K˒˕ˑˊ˖, P.O. Box 37, Lyme, NH 03768, USA Abstract: We evaluated the release of rehabilitated, orphan black bears (Ursus americanus) in northern New Hampshire. Eleven bears (9 males, 2 females; 40–45 kg) were outfi tted with GPS radio-collars and released during May and June of 2011 and 2012. Bears released in 2011 had higher apparent survival and were not observed or reported in any nuisance behavior, whereas no bears released in 2012 survived, and all were involved in minor nuisance behavior. Analysis of GPS locations indicated that bears in 2011 had access to and used abundant natural forages or habitat. Conversely, abundance of soft and hard mast was lower in 2012, suggesting that nuisance behavior, and consequently survival, was inversely related to availability of natural forage. Dispersal from the release site ranged from 3.4–73 km across both years, and no bear returned to the rehabilitation facility (117 km distance). Rehabilitation appears to be a valid method for addressing certain orphan bear issues in New Hampshire.