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Finland in Figures 2020

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Finland in Figures 2020 “ FOLLOW US – NEWS NOTIFICATIONS, SOCIAL MEDIA” STATISTICS FINLAND − Compiles statistics concerning social conditions – Supports decision-making based on facts – Produces reliable and up-to-date information – Promotes the use of statistical data GUIDANCE AND INFORMATION SERVICE +358 29 551 2220 [email protected] www.stat.fi facebook.com/Tilastotohtori twitter.com/tilastokeskus instagram.com/tilastokeskus FINLAND IN FIGURES 2020 ISSN 2242−8496 (pdf) ISBN 978−952−244−655−8 (pdf) ISSN 0357−0371 (print) ISBN 978−952−244−654−1 (print) 9 789522 446541 Product number 3056 (print) Contents Population ........................................ 2 Population structure . 3 Births, deaths and migration . 5 Families . 12 Education . 14 Employment and unemployment . 15 Employees . 18 Pension recipients . 21 Consumption . 23 Economy ........................................ 25 National accounts . 26 Taxation . 28 Prices . 30 Households . 33 Housing and rents . 35 Construction . 38 Enterprises . 39 Industry . 40 Trade . 42 Tourism . 44 Society and environment ........................... 45 Geographical data . 46 Forests, livestock and crops . 48 Energy, emissions and waste . 49 Transport . 51 Offences . 52 Social protection . 53 Culture . 54 Elections . 55 Symbols * preliminary data . category not applicable - magnitude nil . data not available or too uncertain for presentation, or subject to secrecy To the reader Finland in Figures 2020 is about us – you and me . As individuals we are not visible, together we form these statistics . Every Finn, school, work place, enterprise, home, cottage and municipality is included . The journey from data to statistics goes either through registers or interviews conducted . For our interviews we select a representative group of Finns by random selection . You could also be selected for a survey . Statistics are made together! Do you know how many children were born or how many moved from Finland in 2019? And how many pensioners were there in Finland last year? The answers to these and many other questions can be found in this pocket booklet . Discover your own favourite statistics at the same time . June 2020 Statistics Finland FINLAND IN FIGURES ONLINE SERVICE stat.fi/finlandinfigures POPULATION POPULATION PERSONS AGED LIFE 2019 100 OR OVER EXPECTANCY 2019 2019, years MEN 152 79.2 MEN WOMEN 756 84.5 WOMEN 5 525 292 preliminary data MOST POPULAR HOUSEHOLDS 2019 FIRST NAMES 2019 45% 33% 23% AINO LEO 1 2 3+ persons NEW RETIREES TOTAL EARNINGS OF WAGE 2018 AND SALARY EARNERS 2018 median, €/month MEN 3 398 68 910 WOMEN 2 827 CAPITAL CITY HELSINKI INDUSTRIAL 2019 STRUCTURE 2019 653 835 share of employed persons, % inhabitants 74 Services and administration 21 Industry and construction 4 Agriculture and forestry Sources: Statistics Finland, Digital and Population Data Services Agency, Finnish Centre for Pensions Population structure on 31 December 1900 1950 2000 2018 2019 Total population, thousand 2 656 4 030 5 181 5 518 5 525 Males 1 311 1 926 2 529 2 723 2 728 Females 1 345 2 104 2 652 2 795 2 797 Age, % 0–14 35.1 30.0 18.1 16.0 15.8 15–64 59.6 63.4 66.9 62.2 62.0 65–84 5.2 6.4 13.5 19.2 19.6 85– 0.1 0.2 1.5 2.7 2.7 Average age, years Males 26.3 28.6 37.7 41.6 41.8 Females 27.5 31.6 41.0 44.2 44.5 Language 1), % Finnish 86.8 91.1 92.4 87.6 87.3 Swedish 12.9 8.6 5.6 5.2 5.2 Sami 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other 0.3 0.2 1.9 7.1 7.5 Marital status, % Single 60.9 53.3 47.1 48.5 48.7 Males 63.0 55.6 51.1 52.4 52.5 Females 58.9 50.8 43.2 44.7 44.9 Married 2) 33.6 39.4 38.3 35.9 35.6 Males 34.0 41.2 39.2 36.3 36.0 Females 33.2 38.0 37.5 35.5 35.2 Divorced and widowed 2) 5.5 7.2 14.6 15.6 15.7 Males 3.0 3.2 9.7 11.3 11.4 Females 7.9 11.2 19.3 19.8 19.9 Religion, % Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland 3) 98.1 95.0 85.1 69.8 68.7 Greek Orthodox Church 4) 1.7 1.7 1.1 1.1 1.1 Other 0.2 0.5 1.1 1.7 1.7 Population Register or unknown - 2.8 12.7 27.4 28.5 1) Finnish and Swedish are the official languages 2) In 2018–2019 incl . registered partnerships 3) Incl . other Lutheran churches 4) Incl . other Orthodox churches Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure 3 Age structure of population on 31 December Age Males Females 100– 95–99 90–94 85–89 80–84 75–79 70 –74 65–69 60–64 55–59 50–54 45–49 40–44 35–39 30–34 25–29 20–24 15–19 10–14 5– 9 0– 4 200 000 100 000 0 100 000 200 000 1917 2019 Population and population projection by age group Thousand persons 4 000 3 500 Age 15 to 64 3 000 2 500 2 000 1 500 Age under 15 1 000 500 Age 65 and over 0 1870 1890 1910 1930 1950 1970 1990 2010 2030 2050 2070 Sources: Statistics Finland: Population structure, Population projection 4 Development of population Thousand persons 6 000 5 000 Emigration 4 000 to Sweden Second World War 3 000 Civil War 2 000 Great Famine 1 000 Cholera years Finnish War 0 1750 1775 1800 1825 1850 1875 1900 1925 1950 1975 2000 2019 Live births and deaths Thousand persons 120 100 Live births 80 60 40 Deaths 20 0 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2019 Sources: Statistics Finland: Population structure, Births, Deaths 5 Vital statistics 2000 ‰ 1) 2010 ‰ 1) 2019 ‰ 1) Live births 56 742 11.0 60 980 11.4 45 613 8.3 Deaths 49 339 9.5 50 887 9.5 53 949 9.8 Natural population increase 7 403 1.4 10 093 1.9 -8 336 -1.5 Immigration 16 895 3.3 25 636 4.8 32 758 5.9 Emigration 14 311 2.8 11 905 2.2 17 263 3.1 Net immigration 2 584 0.5 13 731 2.6 15 495 2.8 Change in the population 9 813 1.9 23 849 4.4 7 373 1.3 Marriages 2) Couples of opposite sex 27 751 5.4 31 925 6.0 21 920 4.0 Couples of same sex . 376 0.1 Registered partnerships . 322 0.1 . Divorces 2) Couples of opposite sex 14 096 2.7 13 807 2.6 13 311 2.4 Couples of same sex . 54 0.0 Divorces from registered partnerships 2) . 64 0.0 72 0.0 1) Per thousand mean population – 2) Marriages contracted and divorces where at least one of the spouses is living permanently in Finland Migration 40 Thousand persons 30 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 Immigration -40 Emigration -50 Net immigration -60 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2019 Sources: Statistics Finland: Population, Migration 6 Population by origin and language, 2019 Population 31.12.2019 5 525 292 Persons with Finnish background Persons with foreign background 5 101 798 423 494 Born in Finland 5 049 340 Born in Finland 71 773 Native language: Native language: Finnish 4 764 489 Finnish 12 266 Swedish 274 910 Swedish 1 134 Sami 1 928 Sami 9 Other language 8 013 Other language 58 364 Born abroad 52 458 Born abroad 351 721 Native language: Native language: Finnish 39 316 Finnish 6 619 Swedish 6 826 Swedish 5 084 Sami 34 Sami 33 Other language 6 282 Other language 339 985 Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure 7 Population by language on 31 December Native language 2016 2017 2018 2019 % Total 5 503 297 5 513 130 5 517 919 5 525 292 100 Finnish 4 857 795 4 848 761 4 835 778 4 822 690 87.3 Swedish 289 540 289 052 288 400 287 954 5.2 Sami 1 969 1 992 1 995 2 004 0.0 Other languages total 353 993 373 325 391 746 412 644 7.5 Russian 75 444 77 177 79 225 81 606 1.5 Estonian 49 241 49 590 49 691 49 427 0.9 Arabic 21 783 26 467 29 462 31 920 0.6 English 18 758 19 626 20 713 22 052 0.4 Somali 19 059 20 007 20 944 21 920 0.4 Kurdish 12 226 13 327 14 054 14 803 0.3 Persian, Farsi 10 882 12 090 13 017 14 118 0.3 Chinese 11 334 11 825 12 407 13 064 0.2 Albanian 9 791 10 391 10 990 11 806 0.2 Vietnamese 9 248 9 872 10 440 11 094 0.2 Population by citizenship Country of citizenship 2016 2017 2018 2019 Annual change, % Total 5 503 297 5 513 130 5 517 919 5 525 292 0.1 Finland 5 259 658 5 263 678 5 260 347 5 257 663 -0.1 Foreign countries total 243 639 249 452 257 572 267 629 3.9 Estonia 51 499 51 539 51 456 50 860 -1.2 Russia 30 970 29 183 28 747 28 528 -0.8 Iraq 9 813 11 729 13 078 13 943 6.6 China 8 480 8 742 9 230 9 825 6.4 Sweden 8 040 8 018 7 996 7 983 -0.2 Thailand 7 487 7 533 7 632 7 772 1.8 India 5 016 5 159 5 730 6 751 17.8 Afghanistan 5 294 5 792 6 198 6 666 7.6 Syrian Arab Republic 3 355 5 290 6 016 6 579 9.4 Somalia 7 018 6 677 6 448 6 444 -0.1 Others 106 667 109 790 115 041 122 278 6.3 Source: Statistics Finland, Population structure 8 Finnish citizenships granted Persons permanently resident in Finland Country of previous citizenship 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Total 7 921 9 375 12 219 9 211 9 649 Russia 1 728 2 028 2 758 1 766 1 946 Estonia 420 459 705 541 658 Iraq 560 534 742 621 589 Somalia 955 1 066 957 856 583 Afghanistan 242 376 469 339 309 Syrian Arab Republic 28 47 118 118 299 Thailand 150 193 261 249 281 Turkey 229 264 313 210 260 Ukraine 145 163 281 202 255 Sweden 165 206 212 210 248 Others 3 299 4 039 5 403 4 099 4 221 Asylum-seekers and refugee quota 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Asylum-seekers 32 476 5 651 5 046 4 548 4 550 Decisions on asylum 1) Asylum granted 1 112 4 586 2 528 1 852 2 073 Residence permit granted 2) 767 3 159 1 256 888 888 No asylum or residence permit granted 1 307 14 282 3 996 1 976 2 875 Family reunification Positive decisions 986 1 179 2 080 1 752 1 531 Negative decisions 406 283 619 745 613 Refugee quota 1 050 750 750 750 750 1) Decisions of the Finnish Immigration Service 2) Incl .
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