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Žalohar, Bine Metodika in Tehnika Smučanja Prostega Sloga V Snežnem Parku Diplomsko Delo

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Žalohar, Bine Metodika in Tehnika Smučanja Prostega Sloga V Snežnem Parku Diplomsko Delo Žalohar, Bine Metodika in tehnika smučanja prostega sloga v snežnem parku Diplomsko delo Žalohar, Bine. Metodika in tehnika smučanja prostega sloga v snežnem parku. Diplomsko delo. UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI FAKULTETA ZA ŠPORT Športno treniranje Alpsko smučanje METODIKA IN TEHNIKA SMUČANJA PROSTEGA SLOGA V SNEŽNIH PARKIH DIPLOMSKO DELO MENTOR doc. dr. Blaž Lešnik, prof. šp. vzg. Avtor diplomskega dela KONZULTANT BINE ŽALOHAR prof. dr. Ivan Čuk, prof. šp. vzg. RECENZENT prof. dr. Milan Žvan, prof. šp. vzg. Ljubljana, 2016 Žalohar, Bine Metodika in tehnika smučanja prostega sloga v snežnem parku Diplomsko delo ZAHVALA "Ko so me kolegi spraševal, kam se odpravljam, jih nisem hotel spustit noter, nisem hotel, da šarijo po mojem črevesju, po moji duši. In potem sva se začela menit. To je res orgazmičen srh. Ko se s pogledom sprehodiš po steni, dejansko je ... huh. Pa ne govorim samo o pogledu; ko se ta misel, ki naj bi meso postala, sprehodi po steni, kjer ni še nič potegnjenega, ki v bistvu še čaka ... Do te stene čutim en velik rešpekt." Tomaž Humar Hvala Primožu, Alešu in Nini za pomoč pri nastanku dela ter dolgoletnemu sodelovanju na moji športni poti. Posebna zahvala gre mentorju doc dr. Blažu Lešniku ter prof. dr Milanu Žvanu in doc. dr Ivanu Čuku za strokovno pomoč in usmerjanje. Delo posvečam materi Ivani. Žalohar, Bine. Metodika in tehnika smučanja prostega sloga v snežnem parku. Diplomsko delo. Ključne besede: prosto smučanje, prosti slog, snežni park, tehnika in metodika smučanja prostega sloga v snežnih parkih, skoki, tehnika skokov, snežni žleb, drsni objekti, elementi, predvaje, korekcijske vaje. NASLOV DIPLOMSKEGA DELA METODIKA IN TEHNIKA SMUČANJA PROSTEGA SLOGA V SNEŽNIH PARKIH Avtor diplomskega dela, ime in priimek Bine Žalohar Univerza v Ljubljani, Fakulteta za šport, 2016 Š portno treniranje, Smučanje prostega sloga Š tevilo strani: 84 Š tevilo slik: 19 Število tabel: 2 Število shem: 14 Š tevilo virov: 25 IZVLEČEK Pri predstavitvi metodike in tehnike smučanja prostega sloga v snežnih parkih oz. krajše prostega smučanja smo si pomagali s strokovno literaturo in lastnimi izkušnjami. Diplomsko delo uvodoma na kratko kronološko prikazuje zgodovino prostega smučanja tako v tujini, kot tudi pri nas. Prav tako predstavi trende gradnje snežnih parkov in njihov pomen za smernice v organizaciji tekmovalnih in ostalih dogodkov v disciplinah: skoki (ang. big air), smučanje v snežnem žlebu (ang. halfpipe) ter smučanje v snežnem parku (ang. slopestyle), ki poleg znanja skokov zahtevajo še drsenje po drsnih objektih. V osrednjem delu diplomskega dela smo določili shemo nove metodike poučevanja prostega smučanja in opisali sistem odriva, ki nam pomaga pri ustreznejšem poimenovanju in določanju elementov. Elementi so razvrščeni v posamezne skupine glede na njihovo zahtevnost. Prav tako so v diplomskem delu predstavljeni in opisani drsni objekti, snežni žleb in skakalnice ter osnovna dinamika pri vsaki izmed disciplin. Vsebina diplomskega dela je namenjena izobraževanju strokovnih kadrov in v pomoč tistim, ki potrebujejo več informacij s področja prostega smučanja. Žalohar, Bine Metodika in tehnika smučanja prostega sloga v snežnem parku Diplomsko delo Key words: freeskiing, freestyle, snow park, techniques and methods of freestyle skiing in snow parks, jumps, jumping techniques, halfpipe, sliding on sliding elements, elements, preparatory and correction exercises. TITLE OF BACHELOR'S THESIS METHODS AND TECHNIQUES OF FREESTYLE SKIING IN SNOW PARKS Author's Name and Surname BINE ŽALOHAR University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Sport, 2016 Sports training, Freestyle skiing 84 pages, 19 figures, 14 schemas, 2 tables, 25 references ABSTRACT Based on literature and own experiences we helped ourselves to present methodology and techniques of freestyle skiing in the snow parks (freeskiing). Thesis begins with a brief history of freeskiing abroad and in Slovenia. It also presents the trends in building snow parks that affect organizing competitions and other events including the disciplines: big air jumps, skiing in halfpipe and slopestyle, which is based on jumping and sliding over the sliding objects. In the main part of the thesis the scheme of the new methodology is determined. We also described the system of the take-off which helps us to name and determine the following elements. Those are categorized into groups according to their complexity and difficulty of the execution. Basic dynamics of jumping, halfpipe skiing and sliding are presented besides description of the jump types, sliding objects and a halfpipe. The content of the thesis is devoted to freeski instructors, trainers or those who need more exact information about freeskiing. Žalohar, Bine. Metodika in tehnika smučanja prostega sloga v snežnem parku. Diplomsko delo. KAZALO 1. UVOD .......................................................................................................................... 9 1.1 ZGODOVINSKI PREGLED PROSTEGA SMUČANJA PO SVETU ................................... 9 1.2 ZGODOVINSKI PREGLED PROSTEGA SMUČANJA PRI NAS .................................... 13 1.3 TRENDI V ORGANIZACIJI TEKMOVANJ IN DOGODKOV ............................................ 17 1.4 TRENDI V GRADNJI SNEŽNIH PARKOV ...................................................................... 19 2. CILJI .......................................................................................................................... 21 3. METODE DELA ........................................................................................................ 22 4. RAZPRAVA ............................................................................................................... 23 UVOD V POGLAVJE – RAZPRAVA ..................................................................................... 23 4.1 METODIKA IN TEHNIKA SKOKOV ................................................................................ 28 4.2 METODIKA IN TEHNIKA SMUČANJA V SNEŽNEM ŽLEBU ......................................... 61 4.3 METODIKA IN TEHNIKA SMUČANJA DRSENJA NA DRSNIH OBJEKTIH .................. 70 5. SKLEP....................................................................................................................... 81 6. VIRI ........................................................................................................................... 83 Žalohar, Bine Metodika in tehnika smučanja prostega sloga v snežnem parku Diplomsko delo KAZALO SLIK Slika 1. Olimpijske igre Soči 2014 (http://snow.co.nz/media/uploads/2014/02/679320669_n.jpg). 17 Slika 2. Phoenix park – Južna Koreja, testni dogodek za OI Pjongčang 2018 19 Slika 3. Phoenix park – Južna Koreja 2016, testni dogodek za OI Pjongčang 2018 20 Slika 4. Nine Knights – Livigno, tekmovanje serije AFP platinum je eno izmed najatraktivnejših in najbolj gledanih tovrstnih tekmovanj na svetu 20 Slika 5. Faze skoka (osebni arhiv). 31 Slika 6. Skok z obratom za 900° in odrivom tipa C s prijemom za zadnji del smuči (ang. Cork 900 tail) (osebni arhiv). 38 Slika 7. Skok salto nazaj, Vogel 2012 (osebni arhiv). 43 Slika 8. Zmagovalni nastop Josha Christensena na WOG v Sočiju 2014 45 Slika 9. Skok dvojni salto z obratom za 1080° in odrivom tipa C (http://freeskier.com/sites/default/files/users/WestCoastSession/ethanwcsjumpnickgoepperdub10seq _0.jpg). 49 Slika 10. Sammy Carlson izvaja "flatspin 360" med tekmovanjem Freestyle CH, 2010 56 Slika 11. Manjše skakalnice (http://www.qparks.com/parks-en/). 57 Slika 12. Srednja skakalnica tipa “roller”, Kanin 2016. Hrbtišče je okrogle oblike, doskočišče je na enaki višini kot odskočišče (osebni arhiv). 58 Slika 13. Večja skakalnica z medprostorom (ang. gap), Rogla 2011. Medprostor na tovrstnih skakalnicah lahko doseže razdaljo do 30 metrov. V primeru zgoraj je razdalja 24 metrov (osebni arhiv). 59 Slika 14. Večja skakalnica tipa "step down", Kanin 2009. Doskočišče je na nižji točki kot odskočišče. V zgornjem primeru je odskočišče visoko 4,5 metra (osebni arhiv). 59 Slika 15. Skakalnica tipa "spine", Gerlos 2010. Doskočišče je na treh straneh: obeh stranskih in zadnji strani objekta. Odskočišče je praviloma 1 do 2 metra višje kot doskočišče (osebni arhiv). 60 Slika 16. Snežni žleb v Sochiju 2014 je bilo razočaranje zaradi nepravilne priprave snežne podlage na sredini žleba. Mere snežnega žleba: stranice visoke 7 m, dolžina 180 m, širina 2 0m. Stranice so bile prestrme in širina žleba je bila premajhna 61 Slika 17. Zmagovalni nastop Davida Wiseja v snežnem žlebu na OI Soči 2014 62 Slika 18. Začetki drsenja po trdih objektih v prilagojenih snežnih parkih (ang. funslope) 70 Slika 19. Tom Wallisch, naskok za 450° v bočno drsenje ter seskok za 270° v obratni smeri začetne rotacije (ang. 450 on, pretzel 270 off) na dvojno prelomljeni okrogli ograji (ang. double kink rail) 76 Žalohar, Bine. Metodika in tehnika smučanja prostega sloga v snežnem parku. Diplomsko delo. KAZALO TABEL Tabela 1 ....................................................................................................................................................... 25 Tabela 2 ....................................................................................................................................................... 26 KAZALO SHEM Shema 1. Ponazoritev mesta prijema in smeri vrtenja. ............................................................................... 35 Shema 2. Ponazoritev mesta prijema z desno roko. Smer vrtenja je v desno ali levo. .............................. 36 Shema 3. Ponazoritev mesta prijema z desno roko. Smer vrtenja je v levo.
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