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(Diptera, Agromyzidae), Trichocera Forcipula Nielsen

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(Diptera, Agromyzidae), Trichocera Forcipula Nielsen Bulletin de la Société royale belge d’Entomologie/Bulletin van de Koninklijke Belgische Vereniging voor Entomologie, 148 (2012) : 53-55 Four new additions to the Belgian fauna: Agromyza demeijerei Hendel, 1920 (Diptera, Agromyzidae), Trichocera forcipula Nielsen, 1920 (Diptera, Trichoceridae), Ochthera manicata (Fabricius, 1794) (Diptera, Ephydridae) and Stegana hypoleuca Meigen, 1830 (Diptera, Drosophilidae) Jonas M ORTELMANS 1 & Daan D EKEUKELEIRE 2 1 Salvialaan 31, 8400 Oostende, Belgium ([email protected]). 2 Polderdreef 37, 9840 De Pinte, Belgium ([email protected]). Abstract The four Dipteran species: Agromyza demeijerei Hendel, 1920, Ochthera manicata (Fabricius, 1794), Trichocera forcipula Nielsen, 1920 and Stegana hypoleuca Meigen, 1830 are reported for the first time from Belgium. Keywords: Diptera, New Belgian species, Agromyzidae , Ephydridae, Drosophilidae, Trichoceridae Résumé Quatre espèces de Diptères: Agromyza demeijerei Hendel, 1920, Ochthera manicata (Fabricius, 1794), Stegana hypoleuca Meigen, 1830 et Trichocera forcipula Nielsen, 1920 sont rapportées pour la première fois de Belgique. Samenvatting Vier soorten Diptera: Agromyza demeijerei Hendel, 1920, Ochthera manicata (Fabricius, 1794), Stegana hypoleuca Meigen, 1830 en Trichocera forcipula Nielsen, 1920 worden voor het eerst gemeld voor België. Introduction Discussion In the spring of 2011 three Diptera species Agromyza demeijerei Hendel , 1920 were found new to the Belgian fauna: Agromyza (Diptera - Agromyzidae) demeijerei Hendel, 1920 (Diptera - Agromyzidae), Ochthera manicata (Fabricius, De Pinte, mines in leaves of Golden rain, 1794) (Diptera – Ephydridae) and Stegana Laburnum anagyroides Medikus 1787, 5.VI. hypoleuca Meigen, 1830 (Diptera – 2011, det. D. Dekeukeleire & W. N. Ellis, leg. Drosophilidae). One species, Trichocera & col. D. Dekeukeleire. forcipula Nielsen, 1920 (Diptera – Agromyzidae are mostly known for their Trichoceridae), was found in the collection of larvae that live in green plant tissue (S PENCER , the RBINS, erroneous identified as Trichocera 1990). The larvae of most species form hiemalis (De Geer, 1776). characteristic mines in leaves, and species often are monophagous. Unlike the adults, the mines and the larvae can easily be identified. The site www.bladmindeerders.nl provides excellent Geer, 1776), O. palearctica Clausen 1977 and identification keys for the mines and larvae. O. manicata (Fabricius, 1794), all of which once On 5 and 10 June 2011, leaves of Golden used to key out as O. mantis (Clausen, 1977). Rain, Laburnum anagyroides Medikus 1787 wth One male specimen was collected whilst mines were collected in two gardens in a hunting on the edge of a temporary pond in a suburban area in De Pinte. Only few leaf-mining heathland area. The locality was only some species are present on L. anagyroides (A SKEW , hundred meters from the Dutch border. From 1968). Although the larvae already left the neighboring countries, the species is known mines, they could still be indentified as being from France, Britain and Germany (F AUNA formed by A. demeijerei , according to the key on EUROPAEA WEB SERVICE , 2004), (G ROOTAERT et www.bladmineerders.nl and A SKEW , 1968. The al. 1991). The species has not yet been reported mines where situated on the upper-surface of the for the Netherlands and Luxemburg but it is leaves. They showed clear primary and being expected regarding the European secondary feeding lines. The excrements of the distribution of the species. Checking collections larvae formed a wide and diffuse green line in for this species will certainly reveal new records the center of the mine. The mines where situated of this under recorded species. The collection in at the margin of the leaves. the RBINS has been searched for this species, The species is widespread in Europa, from but no Ochthera were present. Scandinavia to the Iberian peninsula. A. With this note, attention is drawn to Ochthera demeijeri has been recorded in all neighboring palearctica Clausen, 1977 as well, a species countries, except Luxembourg (F AUNA which is expected for Belgium. EUROPAEA WEB SERVICE , 2004), (G ROOTAERT et The specimen was identified according to the al. 1991). The host-plant L. anagyroides is key C LAUSEN , 1977 provided. After identi- native to south and central Europe. Belgium fication by the first author, the specimen was isn’t part of its native distribution, but the sent to Dr. T. Irwin for confirmation, an expert species has been planted here frequently as an on Ephydridae. ornamental plant in parks and gardens (D E LANGHE et al. 1988). The first observation in the Stegana hypoleuca Meigen , 1830 Netherlands dates back to the period between (Diptera – Drosophilidae) 1920-1924 ( DE MEIJERE , 1924). The presence of A. demeijerei in Belgium has thus most likely Ruien, bosreservaat Kluisbos, 22.IV.2011, 1 gone unnoticed for a long time. on bark of dead Fagus sylvatica Linnaeus 1753, det. J. Mortelmans & P. Beuk, leg. J. Ochthera manicata (Fabricius , 1794) Mortelmans, col. Natuurhistorisch Museum (Diptera – Ephydridae) Maastricht (NHMM) As with Ochthera , the genus Stegana is very Kalmthoutse heide, Drielingenven, 3.III.2011, easy to identify. The different species are more 1 in heathland area, det. J. Mortelmans & T. difficult to identify, many of the species have Irwin, leg. J. Mortelmans, col. T. Irwin more than one synonym (C HANDLER , 1987). Its The genus Ochthera is a very atypical genus habitus is very typical, with the wings bend over for the Ephydridae. The species of this genus are the body at a spectacular manner. S. hypoleuca very easy recognizable by their mantis-like, is one of the species more easy to identify: with raptorial front legs (Z HANG &YANG , 2006). a wing span of over 5mm, its size is very big, Species identification, on the other hand, is very relative to other Stegana . difficult and examination of the genitalia is Stegana is associated with decaying trees advised. All known species are predaceous, both where they feed on sap flows or settle on larvae and adults (C LAUSEN , 1977). One species, crevices of tree trunks (C HANDLER , 1987). Ochthera chalybescens Loew, 1862, has recently Multiple specimens were seen on the bark of gained attention because the species has been dead Fagus sylvatica Linnaeus 1753, and one reported to prey on African malaria vectors specimen was collected. The first author visited (M INAKAWA et al. 2007). the RBINS collection for a re-examination of all Ochthera manicata belongs to the Ochthera- Stegana material present, but no S. hypoleuca mantis species complex: a complex consisting of was present. Due to its striking behavior on dead several Palearctic species such as O. mantis (De bark, it seems not likely the species has been overlooked and it can be considered as a true their parasites on Laburnum . Transactions of the new arrival to the Belgian fauna. From royal entomological society of London 120: 1-37 neighboring countries, the species is known BÄCHLI G. & BURLA H., 1985. - Insecta Helvetica Fauna Band 7 - Diptera, Drosophilidae . Zürich, from France, Britain and Germany (F AUNA 116p. EUROPAEA WEB SERVICE , 2004), (G ROOTAERT et CHANDLER P J., 1987. - The British species of al. 1991). Stegana Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) – The species was identified with B ACHLI & deletion of S.furta (Linnaeus) and addition of four BURLA , 1985 and CHANDLER , 1987. After species of the coleoptrata (Scopoli) group. identification by the first author, the specimen Entomologist’s Record, 99: 115-123. CLAUSEN P. J., 1977. - A revision of the Nearctic, was send to dr. P. Beuk for confirmation of the Neotropical and Palaearctic species of the genus specimen. Ochthera , including one Ethiopian species, and one new species from India. Transactions of the Trichocera forcipula Nielsen , 1920 American Entomological Society 103:451-530. (Diptera – Trichoceridae) DE MEIJERE J.C.H., 1924. - Verzeichnis der holländischen Agromyzinen. Tijdschrift voor Ganshoren, 21.X.1977, 1 , det. J. Mortelmans, entomologie 67: 119-155. DE L ANGHE J.E., D ELVOSALLE L., D UVIGNEAUD J., leg. A. Michiels, col. RBINS. LAMBINON J. & V ANDEN B ERGHEN C., 1988 - Trichoceridae have always been considered as Flora van Belgie, het Groothertogdom Luxemburg, side-catches and they have barely been collected Noord-Frankrijk en de aangrenzende gebieden (Pteridofyten en Spermatofyten). Meise, 972 p. or studied in Belgium. Recently, the family FAUNA EUROPAEA WEB SERVICE . 2004. - Fauna gained interest amongst dipterists in Belgium, Europaea version 2.2. (Internet address: although literature remains scarce and scattered http://www.faunaeur.org). in many different articles. A lot of taxonomic GROOTAERT P., DE BRUYN L. & DE MEYER M., work has to be done in the many species 1991. - Catalogue of the Diptera of Belgium. complexes (S TUBBS , 2002). Most important Studiedocumenten van het K.B.I.N . 70: 1–338. literature for determination of West-European MINAKAWA N., FUTAMI K., SONYE G., AKWEYWA P. &KANEKO S., 2007. - Predatory capacity of a species are S TACKELBERG , 1989, STARY & shorefly, Ochthera chalybescens , on malaria MARTINOVSKY , 1993, STARY , 1995, STARY & vector. Malaria Journal 6:104-108 MARTINOVSKY , 1996, STARY , 1999 and STUBBS , SPENCER K.A., 1990 - Host specialization in the 2002. A quick review of material present in world Agromyzidae (Diptera). Kluwer Academic RBINS revealed mostly false determinations, but Publishers, Dordrecht, 444p. also one new species: Trichocera forcipula . A STACKELBERG
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