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J a P O N S K O J A P O N S K O Souhrnná teritoriální informace za rok 2004 a první polovinu roku 2005 ZÚ Tokio, červen 2005 1. ZÁKLADNÍ INFORMACE O TERITORIU .............................................................6 1.1 Oficiální název státu................................................................................................6 1.2 Rozloha...................................................................................................................6 1.3 Počet obyvatel, hustota na km², podíl ekonomicky činného obyvatelstva.................6 1.4 Roční přírůstek obyvatelstva a jeho demografické složení.......................................6 1.5 Národnostní složení.................................................................................................6 1.6 Náboženství ............................................................................................................6 1.7 Úřední jazyk a ostatní nejčastěji používané jazyky ..................................................6 1.8 Administrativně-správní členění, hlavní město a další velká města..........................6 1.9 Peněžní jednotka a její dělení, používání cizích měn ...............................................7 1.10 Státní svátky, obvyklá pracovní a prodejní doba......................................................7 1.11 Místní zvyklosti důležité pro obchodní kontakty .....................................................7 1.12 Podmínky využívání místní zdravotnické péče českými občany ..............................8 1.13 Víza, poplatky, specifické podmínky cestování do Japonska ...................................9 1.14 Oblasti se zvýšeným rizikem pro cizince, vhodnost návštěvy ................................10 1.15 Kontakty na zastupitelské úřady ČR v teritoriu, popis spojení ...............................10 1.16 Kontakty na zastoupení ostatních českých institucí................................................10 1.17 Praktická telefonní čísla v teritoriu ........................................................................11 2. VNITROPOLITICKÁ CHARAKTERISTIKA.......................................................12 2.1 Stručná charakteristika politického systému ..........................................................12 2.1.1 Hlava státu ....................................................................................................12 2.1.2 Zákonodárná moc..........................................................................................12 2.1.3 Výkonná moc ................................................................................................13 2.1.4 Soudní moc ...................................................................................................13 2.2 Hlavní politické strany ..........................................................................................13 2.3 Složení vlády ........................................................................................................14 2.4 Složení parlamentu................................................................................................16 2.5 Hlavní vnitropolitické události první poloviny roku 2005......................................17 3. ZAHRANIČNĚPOLITICKÁ ORIENTACE ...........................................................18 3.1 Členství v mezinárodních organizacích a regionálních uskupeních........................18 3.2 Účast země na mnohostranných smlouvách a dohodách ........................................20 3.3 Přehled bilaterálních smluv s ČR...........................................................................21 3.4 Hlavní zahraničněpolitické události první poloviny roku 2005 ..............................22 4. EKONOMICKÁ CHARAKTERISTIKA ZEMĚ ....................................................25 4.1 Zhodnocení hospodářského vývoje v 1. čtvrtetí 2005 a výhled na 2. – 4. čtvrtletí roku 2005.........................................................................................................................25 4.1.1 Japonské hospodářství v 1. čtvrtletí roku 2005...............................................25 2 4.1.2 Výhled na na 2. – 4. čtvrtletí roku 2005 ........................................................26 4.2 Základní makroekonomické ukazatele za posledních 5 let .....................................28 4.2.1 Struktura a objem HDP..................................................................................28 4.2.2 Nezaměstnanost, inflace, úrokové míry a měnová politika.............................29 4.3 Průmysl.................................................................................................................32 4.3.1 Tempo růstu průmyslové výroby ...................................................................32 4.3.2 Struktura průmyslové výroby a nosné obory..................................................33 4.3.3 Specifické obory japonského průmyslu..........................................................34 4.4 Stavebnictví ..........................................................................................................35 4.5 Zemědělství ..........................................................................................................36 4.5.1 Rostlinná a živočišná výroba .........................................................................37 4.5.2 Rybolov.........................................................................................................37 4.5.3 Lesnictví .......................................................................................................38 4.6 Služby...................................................................................................................38 4.7 Infrastruktura ........................................................................................................39 4.7.1 Doprava.........................................................................................................40 4.7.2 Spoje a telekomunikace.................................................................................41 4.7.3 Energetika .....................................................................................................42 4.8 Poskytovaná rozvojová pomoc..............................................................................44 5. FINANČNÍ SEKTOR................................................................................................46 5.1 Státní rozpočet ......................................................................................................46 5.2 Platební bilance, devizové rezervy.........................................................................49 5.3 Zahraniční zadluženost a dluhová služba...............................................................50 5.4 Bankovní soustava ................................................................................................52 5.5 Daňový systém......................................................................................................54 6. ZAHRANIČNÍ OBCHOD.........................................................................................56 6.1 Obchodní bilance za posledních 5 let.....................................................................56 6.2 Teritoriální struktura zahraničního obchodu ..........................................................57 6.3 Komoditní struktura..............................................................................................59 6.3.1 Komoditní struktura vývozu ..........................................................................59 6.3.2 Komoditní struktura dovozu ..........................................................................59 6.4 Dovozní podmínky a dokumenty, celní systém, kontrola vývozu...........................60 6.4.1 Dovozní režim...............................................................................................61 6.4.2 Doklady vyžadované při dovozu....................................................................62 6.4.3 Kontrola vývozu............................................................................................62 6.5 Ochrana domácího trhu .........................................................................................63 6.6 Zóny volného obchodu (FTA)...............................................................................63 7. EKONOMICKÁ A OBCHODNÍ SPOLUPRÁCE S ČR.........................................66 7.1 Smluvní základna..................................................................................................66 7.2 Bilance vzájemné obchodní výměny za posledních 5 let........................................66 3 7.3 Komoditní struktura českého vývozu/dovozu ........................................................68 7.3.1 Komoditní struktura vývozu z ČR do Japonska (leden – duben 2005)............68 7.3.2 Komoditní struktura dovozu z Japonska do ČR (leden – duben 2005)............68 7.4 Perspektivní odvětví pro české exportéry ..............................................................69 7.5 Nejdůležitější firmy a joint-ventures ve vzájemném obchodu a v ostatních oblastech ekonomické spolupráce....................................................................................................70 7.5.1 Obchodní firmy .............................................................................................70 7.5.2 Přímé japonské investice v ČR ......................................................................72 7.5.3 Výrobní spolupráce .......................................................................................73 7.5.4 Ostatní japonské firmy...................................................................................73
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