DOCSLIB.ORG

Alta De Lisboa Sustainability Assessment by Lidera - Site Integration

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Alta De Lisboa Sustainability Assessment by Lidera - Site Integration Development of Sustainable Communities according to LiderA Analysis and Approaches of Portuguese Cases Beatriz Pereira Francisco Pinho Thesis to obtain the Master of Science Degree in Environmental Engineering Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Manuel Guilherme Caras Altas Duarte Pinheiro Examination Committee Chairperson: Prof. Dr. Ramiro Joaquim De Jesus Neves Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Manuel Guilherme Caras Altas Duarte Pinheiro Member of the Committee: Prof. Dr. Ana Fonseca Galvão November 2018 Abstract The population living in urban centers is increasing, and since cities have a huge role on resource consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, is necessary to find ways to reach for sustainability. One way to do this is through sustainability assessment systems or rating tools. Different systems have been developed and applied worldwide, including BREEAM, LEED and LiderA. These systems started by focusing only on the buildings but they recently started to turn their attention to the community and city scale, since the green buildings have demonstrated to be insufficient to guarantee sustainability of the built environment. Communities are nowadays considered as a proper scale to access sustainability of the built environment because it considers aspects that are not accounted for when simply focus on the building scale. This thesis applies a new version of the LiderA System to assess the sustainability of two neighbourhoods, and seek to make their transition to sustainable communities. This work also shows that environmental impacts, social wellbeing, economic vitality, sense of community and connectivity truly depend on how urban environments are planned and shaped. Finally, it shows that sustainable communities challenge the way we build and live, because they involve changing practices and behaviors. The real challenge is in making the modern city, and the way of life lived in it, sustainable, in order to maintain the balance between finite resources and our biological need to form relations and connections. Keywords: Sustainable Community; Sustainability Assessment System; Neighbourhood; LiderA Resumo A população que vive em centros urbanos está a aumentar e, dado que as cidades têm um grande papel no consumo de recursos e nas emissões de gases de efeito estufa, é necessário encontrar maneiras de alcançar a sustentabilidade. Uma maneira de fazer isso é através de Sistemas de Avaliação da Sustentabilidade. Neste sentido, diferentes sistemas têm sido desenvolvidos e aplicados em todo o mundo, incluindo BREEAM, LEED e LiderA. Estes sistemas começaram por se concentrar apenas nos edifícios, mas recentemente começaram a focar-se na escala de comunidade e cidade, uma vez que os edifícios sustentáveis demonstraram ser insuficientes para garantir a sustentabilidade do ambiente construído. As comunidades são hoje consideradas como uma escala adequada para avaliar a sustentabilidade do ambiente construído, uma vez que nesta escala são considerados aspectos que não são contabilizados quando simplesmente se concentra na escala do edifício. Esta tese aplica uma nova versão do Sistema LiderA na avaliação da sustentabilidade de dois bairros, procurando fazer a sua transição para comunidades sustentáveis. Este trabalho mostra que os impactes ambientais, o bem-estar social, e a vitalidade económica dependem de como os ambientes urbanos são planeados e construídos. Finalmente, mostra que as comunidades sustentáveis desafiam a maneira como construímos e vivemos, porque envolvem mudanças de práticas e comportamentos. O verdadeiro desafio está em tornar a cidade moderna, e o modo de vida nela vivida, sustentável, de modo a manter o equilíbrio entre recursos finitos e nossa necessidade biológica de formar relações. Palavras-Chave: Comunidade Sustentável; Sistema de Avaliação da Sustentabilidade; Bairro; LiderA Contents List of figures ........................................................................................................................................... 6 List of graphs ........................................................................................................................................... 7 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Concept of neighbourhood ........................................................................................................... 2 1.2. Concept of community .................................................................................................................. 2 1.3. Sustainable development ............................................................................................................. 3 1.4. Sustainable communities ............................................................................................................. 4 1.5. Goals, methodology and structure ............................................................................................... 5 2. Sustainable Communities ................................................................................................................ 7 2.1. Urban areas and sustainable communities .................................................................................. 7 2.1.1. Urban areas ........................................................................................................................... 7 2.1.2. Sustainable communities multiple approaches ..................................................................... 8 2.1.3 The concept of utopianism ..................................................................................................... 9 2.1.4. Different lifestyles .................................................................................................................. 9 2.1.5. Neighbourhood design and its impact on social wellbeing, happiness and connection ..... 10 2.2. Approaches and cases ............................................................................................................... 11 2.3. Rating Systems .......................................................................................................................... 15 2.3.1. BREEAM ............................................................................................................................. 16 2.3.2. LEED ................................................................................................................................... 17 2.3.3. LiderA and others ................................................................................................................ 18 2.4. Main categories and areas ......................................................................................................... 19 3. Sustainable Communities Good Practices ........................................................................................ 22 3.1. Examples of sustainable communities ....................................................................................... 22 3.2. Good practices ........................................................................................................................... 29 4. Sustainable Communities Assessment Model - LiderA .................................................................... 31 4.1. Categories and areas ................................................................................................................. 31 4.2. Classes and levels of performance ............................................................................................ 33 5. Case Studies ..................................................................................................................................... 35 5.1. Alta de Lisboa ............................................................................................................................. 36 5.1.1. The project ........................................................................................................................... 36 5.1.2. Sustainability integration and assessment .......................................................................... 37 5.1.3. Actual sustainability assessment and improvement proposals ........................................... 38 5.2. Belas Clube de Campo............................................................................................................... 55 5.2.1. The project ........................................................................................................................... 55 5.2.2. Sustainability integration and assessment .......................................................................... 56 5.2.3. Actual sustainability assessment and improvement proposals ........................................... 56 6. Approach and Results Discussion ..................................................................................................... 68 7. Conclusions and Recommendations ................................................................................................. 70 7.1. The scale of approach ................................................................................................................ 70 7.2. The LiderA system application ................................................................................................... 70 7.3. Limitations and opportunities for improvement .......................................................................... 71 7.4. Final considerations ...................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Santa Maria Dos Olivais: Uma Freguesia Património De Lisboa Francisco Carvalho [email protected] Universidade Lusófona De Humanidades E Tecnologias
    Santa Maria dos Olivais: uma freguesia património de Lisboa Francisco Carvalho [email protected] Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias ABSTRACT St. Mary of Olivais, now also identified by parish of Olivais or just Olivais, back to the end of three hundred and its origin is a decision of the Archbishopric of Lisbon on the creation of the parish of that name. Lands formed by “termo” of Lisbon, has been the subject of transformations of all kinds, especially in the last century. In this article presents a brief description of Olivais to the present, highlighting the main urban interventions recorded in the last century, the contexts in which they occurred and their implications more relevant. KEY WORDS History, urban planning, heritage. Lisbon, parish of Sta Mary of Olivais RESUMO Santa Maria dos Olivais, doravante também identificada por freguesia dos Olivais ou apenas por Olivais, remonta ao final de Trezentos e na sua origem está uma decisão do Arcebispado de Lisboa acerca da criação da paróquia com esse nome. Formada por terras do “termo” de Lisboa, tem sido objecto de transformações de toda a ordem, sobretudo no século passado. No presente artigo, faz-se uma breve descrição dos Olivais até à actualidade, realçando as principais intervenções urbanísticas verificadas na última centúria, os contextos em que as mesmas ocorreram e suas implicações mais relevantes. PALAVRAS-CHAVE História; urbanismo, património, Lisboa, freguesia de Santa Maria dos Olivais. 1 INTRODUÇÃO A história da paróquia dos Olivais remete a Trezentos. Concretamente, reconduz- nos a 6 de Maio de 1397, data em que D. João Anes, Arcebispo de Lisboa, decide criar a paróquia de Santa Maria dos Olivais onde terá sido construída a igreja da Praça, decisão que seria confirmada por bula papal de Bonifácio IX de 1400 (Delgado, 1969; Dias e Dias, 1995, Lemos, 1997).
    [Show full text]
  • Report Case Study Area Lisbon, Ameixoeira/ Galinheiras Area Deliverable 16
    Contract Nr. EVK4 – CT 2002 - 00081 Report Case Study Area Lisbon, Ameixoeira/ Galinheiras area Deliverable 16 Project Director: Prof. Dr. Bernhard Müller Authors: Lisbon LUDA (DMPU/DPU/DDU) – Coordinator: Arc. Maria João Sobral Dr.ª Ana Costa Dr. António Bastos Landscape Arc. Maria Fragoso de Almeida Dr.ª Rita Lemos Cardoso Arc. Tiago Spranger Editing and revision: IOER: Dr. Carlos Smaniotto Costa, Patrycja Bielawska-Roepke, Leander Küttner TUD: Severine Mayere January 2006 LUDA is a research project of Key Action 4 "City of Tomorrow & Cultural Heritage" from the programme "Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development" within the Fifth Framework Programme of the European Union. http://www.luda-project.net LUDA Report Case Study Area - Lisbon Project coordinated by Leibniz INSTITUTE OF ECOLOGICAL AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT, DRESDEN Contract Nr. EVK4 – CT 2002 - 00081 2 LUDA Report Case Study Area - Lisbon Report Case Study Area Lisbon, Ameixoeira/ Galinheiras area Deliverable 16 Contents 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 5 2 Case study Lisbon ........................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Case study description............................................................................................. 6 2.2 Boundaries............................................................................................................... 7 3 Diagnosis ........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Economic Impact of the Lisbon 1755 Earthquake
    CHERRY Discussion Paper Series CHERRY DP 03/06 The Opportunity of a Disaster: The Economic Impact of the 1755 Lisbon Earthquake ALVARO S. PEREIRA 1 The Opportunity of a Disaster The Economic Impact of the 1755 Lisbon Earthquake Alvaro S. Pereira Department of Economics University of York York, YO10 5DD United Kingdom [email protected] Abstract By combining new archival and existing data, this paper provides estimates of the economic impact of the 1755 Lisbon earthquake, the largest ever-recorded natural catastrophe in Europe. The direct cost of the earthquake is estimated to be between 32 and 48 percent of the Portuguese GDP. In spite of strict controls, prices and wages remained volatile in the years after the tragedy. The recovery from earthquake also led to a rise in the wage premium of construction workers. More significantly, the earthquake became an opportunity for economic reform and to reduce the economic semi-dependency vis-à-vis Britain. JEL Codes: N13, Q54, O52 Keywords: Lisbon 1755 earthquake; natural disasters, economic development 2 1. Introduction “Sometimes miracles are necessary, natural phenomena, or great disasters in order to shake, to awaken, and to open the eyes of misled nations about their interests, [nations] oppressed by others that simulate friendship, and reciprocal interest. Portugal needed the earthquake to open her eyes, and to little by little escape from slavery and total ruin1.” In the early hours of November 1, 1755, the pious population of Lisbon was attending the celebrations of All Saints Day when a powerful earthquake violently shook the western and southern parts of the country.
    [Show full text]
  • The Rental Market Main Opportunities and Weaknesses Facing Owner-Occupied Housing Market
    The rental market Main Opportunities and Weaknesses facing Owner-occupied Housing Market Inês Quental e Melo Abstract The issue of housing has been very much discussed over the years. Housing Policies implemented were not always successful and accepted by all stakeholders. Current severe economic crisis throughout the world triggered a higher demand on rental dwellings. Despite the sharp fall of interest rates on mortgages, financial institutions do not see the credits in the same way and therefore housing rental market appear as a second option. In this sense it creates opportunities to boost the rental market making this a solution to inhabit part of the options of the population. This dissertation includes a literature review on housing policies of the past decades with emphasis on the role of the Public Administration in the rental market, particularly in the rents freezing. Examining the Portuguese housing stock it is possible to see the high number of dwellings and decaying buildings with no housing conditions, due to old contracts with leases out of date. The new legal urban rents framework has brought improvements to the new contracts but continues to be very restrictive in the old contracts, namely, the process of updating rental values is very complex, penalizing the owners and over protecting the tenants even in cases lack of payment A more focused analysis in the municipality of Lisbon, based on the issues discussed above, seeks to study the dynamics of existing housing, trying to justify the abandonment of the Central areas and develop strategies to revive the housing market. Key Words: Housing Housing Policies Owner-occupied housing market Rental Market Legal urban rents framework Introduction The theme of this article focuses on the Rental Market and its potential as an option for seeking residence.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethnic Geography of the City 15-20 Pages
    GEITONIES - Generating Interethnic Tolerance and Neighbourhood Integration in European Urban Spaces Lisbon - City Report (October, 2008) Maria Lucinda Fonseca Jennifer McGarrigle Alina Esteves Jorge Malheiros Table of Contents 1. The City in Context .................................................................................................. 4 Nationality Law ..................................................................................................................... 7 Immigration Policy................................................................................................................ 9 Integration Policy ................................................................................................................ 11 Anti-discrimination legislation ............................................................................................ 14 Local Policy: The Metropolitan Area of Lisbon ................................................................. 14 Media discourse and public opinion ................................................................................... 16 2. Socio-territorial portrait of Lisbon Metropolitan Area ..................................... 18 The Lisbon Metropolitan Area in the national context: basic features ............................... 18 The components of the socio-territorial structure ............................................................... 19 3. Ethnic geography of the city ................................................................................. 38 The
    [Show full text]
  • Lisbon and Lisbon Metropolitan Region: Population Context at the Core of the Urban Food System
    P01 | EP11 | s2017 Lisbon and Lisbon Metropolitan Region: population context at the core of the Urban Food System Maria João Morgado – PhD student in Urban Studies at FCSH _______________________________________________________________ Abstract The food system has traditionally been viewed as a system linked to primary production and therefore as an essentially rural theme. In recent years, it has gained relevance within the discourse on resilience and urban sustainability due to its crucial role. Population dynamics at national level, as well as the internal dynamics of urban areas necessarily condition the organization of food systems since ensuring the food security of growing urban, non-productive, populations implies the implementation of Sustainable and Resilient Urban Food Systems (SRUFS) able to meet the demand and adapt to different population movements. This depends on the structure and distribution of production activities, on the distribution and consumption network, its access to and use of quality food in amounts adequate to an active and healthy life, in accordance to the preferences of the population. Keywords: Urban Food System, Lisbon, production, distribution, resilience. 1 P01 | EP11 | s2017 Full Paper 1. Introduction The analysis of distribution dynamics of the world population evidences a trend towards intensified urban processes. According to the report by the United Nations (UN, 2014). According to Walter Christaller (1933) and August Lösch’s (1940) central place theory, a central place is a settlement that provides
    [Show full text]
  • Projecto De Requalificação Urbana Dos Bairros De Génese Ilegal Das Galinheiras E Dos Fetais
    Projecto de Requalificação Urbana dos Bairros de Génese Ilegal das Galinheiras e dos Fetais Dentro do tema das Novas Centralidades Joel Junqueira Antunes Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em ARQUITECTURA Júri Presidente: Prof. Pedro Filipe Pinheiro de Serpa Brandão Orientador: Prof. Nuno José Ribeiro Lourenço Fonseca Vogal: Prof. Ana Isabel Loupa Ramos OUTUBRO 2011 RESUMO Actualmente, o tema das reconversões urbanas sobre bairros clandestinos tem sido objecto de constantes discussões, reveladas pelas preocupações constantes, por parte dos Municípios e urbanistas, na definição e busca de soluções que ofereçam resposta às necessidades da população e pontos fracos do bairro, numa procura de encontrar uma ligação eficaz com o meio urbano a que pertencem. Ao longo da primeira fase da disciplina de Projecto Final, na elaboração de um Plano Estratégico a propor para a Alta de Lisboa, foi possível de visualizar uma extensa área ocupada por construções de carácter clandestinas, nas proximidades da cidade de Lisboa, e que até à data não foram objecto de qualquer plano urbano público e requalificador. Esta situação preocupante, foi o assunto com que me debati ao longo da última fase da disciplina e sobre o qual o presente relatório procura salientar, apresentando as diversas análises realizadas e a proposta de plano para as áreas mais especificas dos Bairros das Galinheiras e dos Fetais, pertencentes respectivamente aos municípios de Lisboa e Loures. Embora se verifiquem intenções por parte dos municípios nas suas reconversões e requalificações, as características que estes bairros exibem, como as suas confusas estruturas urbanas e morfologia do terreno, conduzem a uma maior dificuldade por parte do projectista em encontrar soluções.
    [Show full text]