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Nordic American Voices Nordic Heritage Museum Nordic American Voices Nordic Heritage Museum Interview of Tapio Holma October 25, 2014 Seattle, Washington Interviewers: Gary London; Marjorie Graf Also present: Brend Holma Gary London: [0:04] This is an interview for the Nordic American Voices oral history project. Today is October 25, 2014, and we’ll be interviewing Tapio Holma. We are the Nordic Heritage Museum in Seattle, Washington. My name is Gary London, and the co-interviewer today is… Marjorie Graf: [0:26] Marjorie Graf. Gary: [0:29] Thank you very much, Tapio, for agreeing to be interviewed. Tapio Holma: [0:34] Okay. I am honored. Gary: [0:35] We appreciate it. Tapio: [0:36] Thank you very much for inviting me. Gary: [0:38] So, we’d like to start with your recollections of your grandparents- sort of your first memories of this generation. Do you want to start with your paternal grandparents? Tapio: [0:53] Sure. Actually, I wasn’t lucky enough to realize my grandparents as such. My father’s side, my grandfather died the same year I was born, so I just have some pictures where he’s holding me on his lap as a farewell goodbye kind of situation. My grandmother also from my father’s side lived in another city, but I was able to meet her a few times with my father. They lived in Tampere. [1:31] On my mother’s side, both of them had already gone before I was born. So my earliest memories really of the grandparents is limited, except that I have some historical knowledge from my father and so on- what they experienced. [1:53] Since you asked about my grandfather, his name was Kustaa. He came to the United States in 1904. My father was two years old. He left Finland because at that time, Finland being part of Russia, was at war with Japan, and he didn’t want to serve in the Russian forces. Nordic American Voices Page 1 of 27 [2:16] He came to the United States and lived in New York for five years. And when the war ended, he returned back to Finland and experienced a lot of those things which we afterwards learned about- the civil war and so on. They were active… I don’t know whether it’s good to say “on the right side,” but they were on the right side. [Laughter] In any case, he experienced in his life a lot of things which were in the birth of Finland, so to speak. Gary: [2:51] Yeah. And you can tell us his name again? His full name? Tapio: [2:58] His name was Kustaa Laine Holma. Gary: [3:03] And your grandmother’s name on that side? Tapio: [3:05] My grandmother’s name was Hilda Holma. Her maiden name was Roos. Gary: [3:13] Okay. And how about on the maternal side? Tapio: [3:18] My grandfather died I think in early 1930s or something like that- even before that. As I said, I don’t know much about his background. The all lived in Häme, which is a lake area of Finland. My mother was very close to her mother, and as I said, she passed away just a year before I was born, as well. Gary: [3:55] Yeah. And what were their names? Tapio: [3:57] My grandfather’s name was Karl Gustav Fenander. And my maternal grandmother’s name was Henrietta… not Henrietta… My god, I can’t even remember the name. Henrika Fernander. And her maiden name was Saksa. Gary: [4:27] Saksa. Tapio: [4:27] Yeah. And nobody knows where that came from. [Laughter] Just one of those unusual things. Gary: [4:34] Thank you very much for that. What do you know about how your parents met? Any family lore? Tapio: [4:44] Yeah. Actually, my mother was in the restaurant business. I think first she started as a waitress, and later became in charge of the restaurant itself. She worked also for… in Finland called [inaudible 5:06]. At that time there was a separate restaurant, which was handled by HOK [inaudible 5:13]. She was in charge of that restaurant, which was actually catering to the parliament members. Nordic American Voices Page 2 of 27 [5:21] She has told me some funny stories about when she had to wear the tray, you know, with a lot of stuff, and politicians who were speaking all the time. I remember one particular case. The president of Finland at that time was Kyösti Kallio. [Inaudible 5:40] on his knee with the heavy restaurant tray. [Laughter] You can’t wait until the politician has finished his speeches. So that has stayed in my memory. It was really interesting. Gary: [5:55] And how did she meet your father? Tapio: [5:59] My father was working for Helsinki telephone company, and went often to the restaurant where my mother was working. I think that’s how they really got together. They were married in 1929, February 10, in the old church in Helsinki- [inaudible 6:21]. [Laughter] So that I know for sure. Gary: [6:26] Can you for the record just give us their names, please? Tapio: [6:29] My father’s name was Laine Erkki Holma, and my mother’s name was Jenny Martha Fernander, maiden name. Holma was later. Gary: [6:45] And they lived, then in Helsinki? Tapio: [6:47] They lived in Helsinki, in the city of Helsinki first. When I was born in 1938, they moved to Käpylä, which is a suburb of Helsinki. Gary: [7:01] You told us before the interview that you have some recollections of those war years. You’d be too young to remember the Winter War, but some memories of the Continuation War? Tapio: [7:18] Right. Well, this was when the Continuation War started, in 1944. I was then almost six years old. And I was ready to go to bed. It was early evening, maybe around seven, eight o’clock, and the sirens went off. That was when the first Soviet Union bombers started to unload their bombs in Helsinki. [7:47] We barely got with my mother to the cellar, you know. It was like a crawl space, but it was a very nice cellar. It was like a bunker, because around it was a granite base. So we survived the bombing, although the whole house came down. The bomb went just in front of our garden, and three or four buildings came totally down. It was wood structure buildings. [8:17] My mother, I don’t know even how she got out- how we got out of the cellar. We ran to the bomb shelter, which was about a kilometer and a half from our house. And I remember it was a cold February day [night]. There was a lot of ice on the road. Not so much snow yet. [8:43] And one of the memories just going to the bomb shelter was that one officer who was on Nordic American Voices Page 3 of 27 vacation from the war… who died on that street where we lived. And I have a memory of where his hand was in the snow with a ring on it. And it was just one of the memories that stays for the rest of my life. [9:10] There were three people only who died in that suburb because of the bombings. We had fantastic antiaircraft artillery at that time, and that helped in many of those, so the Russian planes didn’t reach Helsinki. They had to drop their bombs to the Gulf of Finland. Marjorie: [9:33] Where was your father at that time? Tapio: [9:34] Oh, that’s interesting. My father had an orchestra event. He was a cellist. So he played in the Helsinki orchestra. He came back of course when the sirens and everything had all come down. He came down to see the house. And he said, “Oh, my family has gone.” He just learned later where we were. But he just couldn’t believe that anybody survived in that house when he saw that. [10:07] And there was one interesting memory about that. We had a dog, an English Setter, Jermu was the name, and he survived, too. In the kitchen when the table went down, we like had a marble slab on the table. He was under that table, and he survived. I don’t recall what happened after the war. My father actually placed the dog with some other family. He was the only survivor in that building. [Laughter] Gary: [10:45] Do you have other wartime memories? Tapio: [10:49] Not really. We were evacuated from Helsinki to the countryside for a couple months, and then we came back to Helsinki when the peace treaty, I think, was already signed, and we were in temporary housing for a little while, until they repaired all the buildings which had been damaged. Gary: [11:16] You returned, however, to the area where you had been living? Tapio: [11:19] Yes. I started my elementary school in 1945. At the age of seven in Finland, children have to start their school. So that was the time. Gary: [11:33] There were some children who went to Sweden during the war. Tapio: [11:37] Yes, I had a couple of cousins myself. It was common practice of a lot of families to send their children, particularly to Sweden. Gary: [11:47] Any discussion of that in your family, do you remember? Tapio: [11:50] No, not that I recall.
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