2016 IES Annual Meeting Final Programme
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Discovery, Characterization, and Clinical Development of the Glucagon-Like Peptides
Discovery, characterization, and clinical development of the glucagon-like peptides Daniel J. Drucker, … , Joel F. Habener, Jens Juul Holst J Clin Invest. 2017;127(12):4217-4227. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI97233. Harrington Prize Essay Endocrinology Gastroenterology The discovery, characterization, and clinical development of glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) spans more than 30 years and includes contributions from multiple investigators, science recognized by the 2017 Harrington Award Prize for Innovation in Medicine. Herein, we provide perspectives on the historical events and key experimental findings establishing the biology of GLP-1 as an insulin-stimulating glucoregulatory hormone. Important attributes of GLP-1 action and enteroendocrine science are reviewed, with emphasis on mechanistic advances and clinical proof-of-concept studies. The discovery that GLP-2 promotes mucosal growth in the intestine is described, and key findings from both preclinical studies and the GLP-2 clinical development program for short bowel syndrome (SBS) are reviewed. Finally, we summarize recent progress in GLP biology, highlighting emerging concepts and scientific insights with translational relevance. Find the latest version: https://jci.me/97233/pdf The Journal of Clinical Investigation HARRINGTON PRIZE ESSAY Discovery, characterization, and clinical development of the glucagon-like peptides Daniel J. Drucker,1 Joel F. Habener,2 and Jens Juul Holst3 1Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mt. Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 2Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 3Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. sequences of cloned recombinant cDNA copies of messenger RNAs. -
Β Cell Tone Is Defined by Proglucagon Peptides Through Camp Signaling
β Cell tone is defined by proglucagon peptides through cAMP signaling Megan E. Capozzi, … , David A. D’Alessio, Jonathan E. Campbell JCI Insight. 2019;4(5):e126742. https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.126742. Research Article Endocrinology Metabolism Paracrine interactions between pancreatic islet cells have been proposed as a mechanism to regulate hormone secretion and glucose homeostasis. Here, we demonstrate the importance of proglucagon-derived peptides (PGDPs) for α to β cell communication and control of insulin secretion. Signaling through this system occurs through both the glucagon-like peptide receptor (Glp1r) and glucagon receptor (Gcgr). Loss of PGDPs, or blockade of their receptors, decreases insulin secretion in response to both metabolic and nonmetabolic stimulation of mouse and human islets. This effect is due to reduced β cell cAMP and affects the quantity but not dynamics of insulin release, indicating that PGDPs dictate the magnitude of insulin output in an isolated islet. In healthy mice, additional factors that stimulate cAMP can compensate for loss of PGDP signaling; however, input from α cells is essential to maintain glucose tolerance during the metabolic stress induced by high-fat feeding. These findings demonstrate an essential role for α cell regulation of β cells, raising the possibility that abnormal paracrine signaling contributes to impaired insulin secretion in diabetes. Moreover, these findings support reconsideration of the role for α cells in postprandial glucose control. Find the latest version: https://jci.me/126742/pdf RESEARCH ARTICLE β Cell tone is defined by proglucagon peptides through cAMP signaling Megan E. Capozzi,1 Berit Svendsen,1 Sara E. -
Development and Characterization of GLP-1 Total and Active V-PLEX
T1530-12-77 Development and Characterization of GLP-1 Total and Active V-PLEX® Assays Priscilla Krai, Jennifer Morgan, Lalitha Janaki, Jon Buhrman, Laure Moller, Colleen Kenten, Vivek Chitnis, Seth B. Harkins, David Stewart, and Jacob N. Wohlstadter Meso Scale Discovery, Rockville, Maryland, USA CONTACT INFORMATION: [email protected] PURPOSE CALIBRATION CURVES AND SPECIFICITY ACCURACY AND PRECISION Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1), an incretin hormone, is a major target of interest for researchers studying metabolic, To assess the specificity of each assay, both V-PLEX GLP-1 Total and GLP-1 Active Kits were tested for Quality control samples were prepared by spiking calibrator into non-human serum matrix at three levels (high, neurologic, and cardiovascular disorders. After post-translational processing of proglucagon, the GLP-1 peptide is LIMITS OF DETECTION nonspecific binding to the following GLP-1 metabolites and other general metabolic targets. mid, and low) within the quantitative linear range of the assay. The controls were measured using a minimum of secreted in its bioactive form, which binds a specific receptor (GLP-1R) to stimulate insulin release. Once in circulation, Cross-reactivity at or below 0.02% is reported as not detected (ND). three replicates tested over multiple days and multiple operators for a total of at least 36 runs. The accuracy of The figure below demonstrates typical calibration curves for the analytes in the V-PLEX GLP-1 Total and however, the peptide is rapidly cleaved by proteases (e.g. DPP-IV), yielding several other metabolites that account for *Although weakly cross-reactive, Liraglutide and GLP-1 have nearly identical sequences and have the control determinations fell within 20% of the expected concentration with precision of less than 20% CV in the GLP-1 Active Kits. -
Lessons from Single and Double Incretin Receptor Knockout Mice
Regulatory Peptides 128 (2005) 125–134 www.elsevier.com/locate/regpep Review GIP and GLP-1 as incretin hormones: Lessons from single and double incretin receptor knockout mice Tanya Hansotia, Daniel J. Drucker* Department of Medicine, Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, Toronto General Hospital, and the University of Toronto, 200 Elizabeth Street MBRW4R-402, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4 Received 6 July 2004; received in revised form 8 July 2004; accepted 15 July 2004 Available online 25 August 2004 Abstract Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are gut-derived incretins secreted in response to nutrient ingestion. Both incretins potentiate glucose-dependent insulin secretion and enhance h-cell mass through regulation of h-cell proliferation, neogenesis and apoptosis. In contrast, GLP-1, but not GIP, inhibits gastric emptying, glucagon secretion, and food intake. Furthermore, human subjects with Type 2 diabetes exhibit relative resistance to the actions of GIP, but not GLP-1R agonists. The physiological importance of both incretins has been investigated through generation and analysis of incretin receptor knockout mice. Elimination of incretin receptor action in GIPRÀ/À or GLP-1RÀ/À mice produces only modest impairment in glucose homeostasis. Similarly, double incretin receptor knockout (DIRKO) mice exhibit normal body weight and normal levels of plasma glucagon and hypoglycemic responses to exogenous insulin. However, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion is significantly decreased following oral but not intraperitoneal glucose challenge in DIRKO mice and the glucose lowering actions of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors are extinguished in DIRKO mice. Hence, incretin receptor signaling exerts physiologically relevant actions critical for glucose homeostasis, and represents a pharmacologically attractive target for development of agents for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes. -
AACE Annual Meeting 2021 Abstracts Editorial Board
June 2021 Volume 27, Number 6S AACE Annual Meeting 2021 Abstracts Editorial board Editor-in-Chief Pauline M. Camacho, MD, FACE Suleiman Mustafa-Kutana, BSC, MB, CHB, MSC Maywood, Illinois, United States Boston, Massachusetts, United States Vin Tangpricha, MD, PhD, FACE Atlanta, Georgia, United States Andrea Coviello, MD, MSE, MMCi Karel Pacak, MD, PhD, DSc Durham, North Carolina, United States Bethesda, Maryland, United States Associate Editors Natalie E. Cusano, MD, MS Amanda Powell, MD Maria Papaleontiou, MD New York, New York, United States Boston, Massachusetts, United States Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States Tobias Else, MD Gregory Randolph, MD Melissa Putman, MD Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States Boston, Massachusetts, United States Boston, Massachusetts, United States Vahab Fatourechi, MD Daniel J. Rubin, MD, MSc Harold Rosen, MD Rochester, Minnesota, United States Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States Boston, Massachusetts, United States Ruth Freeman, MD Joshua D. Safer, MD Nicholas Tritos, MD, DS, FACP, FACE New York, New York, United States New York, New York, United States Boston, Massachusetts, United States Rajesh K. Garg, MD Pankaj Shah, MD Boston, Massachusetts, United States Staff Rochester, Minnesota, United States Eliza B. Geer, MD Joseph L. Shaker, MD Paul A. Markowski New York, New York, United States Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States CEO Roma Gianchandani, MD Lance Sloan, MD, MS Elizabeth Lepkowski Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States Lufkin, Texas, United States Chief Learning Officer Martin M. Grajower, MD, FACP, FACE Takara L. Stanley, MD Lori Clawges The Bronx, New York, United States Boston, Massachusetts, United States Senior Managing Editor Allen S. Ho, MD Devin Steenkamp, MD Corrie Williams Los Angeles, California, United States Boston, Massachusetts, United States Peer Review Manager Michael F. -
Orphanet Report Series Rare Diseases Collection
Marche des Maladies Rares – Alliance Maladies Rares Orphanet Report Series Rare Diseases collection DecemberOctober 2013 2009 List of rare diseases and synonyms Listed in alphabetical order www.orpha.net 20102206 Rare diseases listed in alphabetical order ORPHA ORPHA ORPHA Disease name Disease name Disease name Number Number Number 289157 1-alpha-hydroxylase deficiency 309127 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase 228384 5q14.3 microdeletion syndrome deficiency 293948 1p21.3 microdeletion syndrome 314655 5q31.3 microdeletion syndrome 939 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria 1606 1p36 deletion syndrome 228415 5q35 microduplication syndrome 2616 3M syndrome 250989 1q21.1 microdeletion syndrome 96125 6p subtelomeric deletion syndrome 2616 3-M syndrome 250994 1q21.1 microduplication syndrome 251046 6p22 microdeletion syndrome 293843 3MC syndrome 250999 1q41q42 microdeletion syndrome 96125 6p25 microdeletion syndrome 6 3-methylcrotonylglycinuria 250999 1q41-q42 microdeletion syndrome 99135 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase 67046 3-methylglutaconic aciduria type 1 deficiency 238769 1q44 microdeletion syndrome 111 3-methylglutaconic aciduria type 2 13 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase 976 2,8 dihydroxyadenine urolithiasis deficiency 67047 3-methylglutaconic aciduria type 3 869 2A syndrome 75857 6q terminal deletion 67048 3-methylglutaconic aciduria type 4 79154 2-aminoadipic 2-oxoadipic aciduria 171829 6q16 deletion syndrome 66634 3-methylglutaconic aciduria type 5 19 2-hydroxyglutaric acidemia 251056 6q25 microdeletion syndrome 352328 3-methylglutaconic -
Endocrine Abstracts Vol 65
Endocrine Abstracts November 2019 Volume 65 ISSN 1479-6848 (online) Society for Endocrinology BES 2019 11–13 November 2019, Brighton published by Online version available at bioscientifica www.endocrine-abstracts.org Volume 65 Endocrine Abstracts November 2019 Society for Endocrinology BES 2019 11–13 November 2019, Brighton VOLUME EDITORS The abstracts submitted were marked by the Abstract Marking panel, selected by the Programme Organising Committee. Programme Committee D Bassett (Programme Secretary) (London) Laura Matthews (Leeds) Andrew Childs (Programme Co-ordinator) (London) Carla Moran (Cambridge) Nils Krone (Programme Co-ordinator) (Sheffield) Annice Mukherjee (Salford) Helen Simpson (Programme Co-ordinator) (London) Francesca Spiga (Bristol) Davide Calebiro (Birmingham) Jeremy Tomlinson (Oxford) Ben Challis (Cambridge) Jennifer Walsh (Sheffield) Mandy Drake (Edinburgh) Abstract Marking Panel Ramzi Ajjan (Leeds) Neil Gittoes (Birmingham) John Newell-Price (Sheffield) Richard Anderson (Edinburgh) Helena Gleeson (Birmingham) Mark Nixon (Edinburgh) Ruth Andrew (Edinburgh) Philippa Hanson (London) Finbarr O’Harte (Ulster) Weibke Arlt (Birmingham) Martin Hewison (Birmingham) Adrian Park (Cambridge) Mo Aye (Hull) Claire Higham (Manchester) Simon Pearce (Newcastle) Tom Barber (Warwick) Steve Hillier (Edinburgh) Andrew Powlson (Cambridge) Duncan Bassett (London) Andy James (Newcastle) Teresa Rea (Belfast) Roger Brown (Edinburgh) Channa Jayasena (London) Martin Read (Birmingham) Paul Carroll (London) Niki Karavitaki (Oxford) Aled Rees (Cardiff) -
Hdr Syndrome (Barakat Syndrome) Information
CHROMOSOME DISORDER OUTREACH HDR SYNDROME (BARAKAT SYNDROME) INFORMATION HDR Syndrome The association of sensori-neural deafness, hypoparathyroidism and renal abnormalities has been known for 50 years, but the etiology of this complex became clear only recently. HDR is an abbreviation based on the first letters of the main symptoms: H (Hypoparathyroidism), D (deafness) and R (renal abnormalities). Sometimes the term “Barakat syndrome” may be used (for the name of the pediatrician who first reported this association in 1970s). The short arm of chromosome 10 contains the GATA3 gene. This gene affects the functioning of the inner ear, thymus, kidneys, adrenals and other organs1. HDR syndrome may be caused both by a mutation in the GATA3 gene (leading to its haploinsufficiency) and by a deletion of the short arm of chromosome 10 involving the 10p14 band, where this gene is located. Currently there are at least 35-40 patients with HDR syndrome caused by pure deletions of 10p14 and 15-20 more patients who have a deletion of the terminal part of 10p in association with partial trisomies of other chromosomes. Clinical manifestations of hypoparathyroidism cause low levels of calcium in the blood that in turn cause muscular pain (myalgia) and non-febrile seizures. Sensori-neural hearing impairment is the most obvious and frequently the first sign of the syndrome. Hearing problems are found in 97% of patients. Unfortunately, hearing impairment is known to worsen with age2. page 1 Renal abnormalities are very different. Both structural defects (unilateral aplasia, hypoplasia, dysplasia, cystic kidneys, defects of renal pelvis and ureters) and functional abnormalities (proteinuria, tubular acidosis, etc.) have been reported in affected persons. -
Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP): from Prohormone to Actions in Endocrine Pancreas and Adipose Tissue
PHD THESIS DANISH MEDICAL BULLETIN Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP): From prohormone to actions in endocrine pancreas and adipose tissue Randi Ugleholdt The two incretins, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glu- This review has been accepted as a thesis with two original papers by University of cose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (gastric inhibitory Copenhagen 14th of December 2009 and defended on 28th of January 2010 peptide, GIP) have long been recognized as important gut hor- mones, essential for normal glucose homeostasis. Plasma levels Tutor: Jens Juul Holst of GLP-1 and GIP rise within minutes of food intake and stimulate Official opponents: Jens Frederik Rehfeld, Baptist Gallwitz & Thure Krarup pancreatic β-cells to release insulin in a glucose-dependent man- ner. This entero-insular interaction is called the incretin effect and Correspondence: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cellular and Metabolic Re- search Section, University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, Blegdamsvej accounts for up to 70% of the meal induced insulin release in man 3B build. 12.2, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark and via this incretin effect, the gut hormones facilitate the uptake of glucose in muscle, liver and adipose tissue (2). Although the E-mail: [email protected] pancreatic effects of these two gut hormones have been the target of extensive investigation both hormones also have nu- merous extrapancreatic effects. Thus, GLP-1 decreases gastric Dan Med Bull 2011;58:(12)B4368 emptying and acid secretion and affects appetite by increasing fullness and satiety thereby decreasing food intake and, if main- THE TWO ORIGINAL PAPERS ARE tained at supraphysiologic levels, eventually body weight (3). -
WO2019226953A1.Pdf
) ( 2 (51) International Patent Classification: Street, Brookline, MA 02446 (US). WILSON, Christo¬ C12N 9/22 (2006.01) pher, Gerard; 696 Main Street, Apartment 311, Waltham, MA 0245 1(US). DOMAN, Jordan, Leigh; 25 Avon Street, (21) International Application Number: Somverville, MA 02143 (US). PCT/US20 19/033 848 (74) Agent: HEBERT, Alan, M. et al. ;Wolf, Greenfield, Sacks, (22) International Filing Date: P.C., 600 Atlanitc Avenue, Boston, MA 02210-2206 (US). 23 May 2019 (23.05.2019) (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every (25) Filing Language: English kind of national protection av ailable) . AE, AG, AL, AM, (26) Publication Language: English AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DJ, DK, DM, DO, (30) Priority Data: DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, 62/675,726 23 May 2018 (23.05.2018) US HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JO, JP, KE, KG, KH, KN, KP, 62/677,658 29 May 2018 (29.05.2018) US KR, KW, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, (71) Applicants: THE BROAD INSTITUTE, INC. [US/US]; MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142 (US). PRESI¬ OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, DENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, [US/US]; 17 Quincy Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 (US). -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2010/0210567 A1 Bevec (43) Pub
US 2010O2.10567A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2010/0210567 A1 Bevec (43) Pub. Date: Aug. 19, 2010 (54) USE OF ATUFTSINASATHERAPEUTIC Publication Classification AGENT (51) Int. Cl. A638/07 (2006.01) (76) Inventor: Dorian Bevec, Germering (DE) C07K 5/103 (2006.01) A6IP35/00 (2006.01) Correspondence Address: A6IPL/I6 (2006.01) WINSTEAD PC A6IP3L/20 (2006.01) i. 2O1 US (52) U.S. Cl. ........................................... 514/18: 530/330 9 (US) (57) ABSTRACT (21) Appl. No.: 12/677,311 The present invention is directed to the use of the peptide compound Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-OH as a therapeutic agent for (22) PCT Filed: Sep. 9, 2008 the prophylaxis and/or treatment of cancer, autoimmune dis eases, fibrotic diseases, inflammatory diseases, neurodegen (86). PCT No.: PCT/EP2008/007470 erative diseases, infectious diseases, lung diseases, heart and vascular diseases and metabolic diseases. Moreover the S371 (c)(1), present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions (2), (4) Date: Mar. 10, 2010 preferably inform of a lyophilisate or liquid buffersolution or artificial mother milk formulation or mother milk substitute (30) Foreign Application Priority Data containing the peptide Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-OH optionally together with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable car Sep. 11, 2007 (EP) .................................. O7017754.8 rier, cryoprotectant, lyoprotectant, excipient and/or diluent. US 2010/0210567 A1 Aug. 19, 2010 USE OF ATUFTSNASATHERAPEUTIC ment of Hepatitis BVirus infection, diseases caused by Hepa AGENT titis B Virus infection, acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, full minant liver failure, liver cirrhosis, cancer associated with Hepatitis B Virus infection. 0001. The present invention is directed to the use of the Cancer, Tumors, Proliferative Diseases, Malignancies and peptide compound Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-OH (Tuftsin) as a thera their Metastases peutic agent for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of cancer, 0008. -
Purification and Sequence of Rat Oxyntomodulin (Enteroglucagon/Peptide/Intestine/Proglucagon/Radlolmmunoassay) NATHAN L
Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 91, pp. 9362-9366, September 1994 Biochemistry Purification and sequence of rat oxyntomodulin (enteroglucagon/peptide/intestine/proglucagon/radlolmmunoassay) NATHAN L. COLLIE*t, JOHN H. WALSHO, HELEN C. WONG*, JOHN E. SHIVELY§, MIKE T. DAVIS§, TERRY D. LEE§, AND JOSEPH R. REEVE, JR.t *Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024; *Center for Ulcer Research and Education, Gastroenteric Biology Center, Department of Medicine, Veterans Administration Wadsworth Center, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90073; and §Division of Immunology, Beckman Institute of City of Hope Research Institute, Duarte, CA 91010 Communicated by Jared M. Diamond, May 26, 1994 ABSTRACT Structural information about rat enteroglu- glucagon plus two glucagon-like sequences (GLP-1 and -2) cagon, intestinal peptides containing the pancreatic glucagon arranged in tandem. The present study concerns the enter- sequence, has been based previously on cDNA, immunologic, oglucagon portion of proglucagon (i.e., the N-terminal 69 and chromatographic data. Our interests in testing the phys- residues and its potential cleavage fragments). iological actions of synthetic enteroglucagon peptides in rats Our use of the term "enteroglucagon" refers to intestinal required that we identify precisely the forms present in vivo. peptides containing the pancreatic glucagon sequence. Fig. 1 From knowledge of the proglucagon gene sequence, we syn- shows two proposed enteroglucagon forms, proglucagon-(1- thesized an enteroglucagon C-terminal octapeptide common to 69) (glicentin) and proglucagon-(33-69) (OXN; see Fig. 1). both proposed enteroglucagon forms, glicentin and oxynto- The primary structures based on amino acid sequence data of modulin, but sharing no sequence overlap with glucagon.