DOCSLIB.ORG

Dynamic Facial Expressions Evoke Distinct Activation in the Face Perception Network: a Connectivity Analysis Study

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Dynamic Facial Expressions Evoke Distinct Activation in the Face Perception Network: a Connectivity Analysis Study Dynamic Facial Expressions Evoke Distinct Activation in the Face Perception Network: A Connectivity Analysis Study 1 1 2 Elaine Foley , Gina Rippon , Ngoc Jade Thai , Downloaded from http://mitprc.silverchair.com/jocn/article-pdf/24/2/507/1777324/jocn_a_00120.pdf by MIT Libraries user on 17 May 2021 Olivia Longe1, and Carl Senior1 Abstract ■ Very little is known about the neural structures involved in the identified as insensitive to motion or affect but sensitive to the vi- perception of realistic dynamic facial expressions. In the present sual stimulus, the STS, identified as specifically sensitive to motion, study, a unique set of naturalistic dynamic facial emotional ex- and the amygdala, recruited to process affect. Measures of effec- pressions was created. Through fMRI and connectivity analysis, a tive connectivity between these regions revealed that dynamic fa- dynamic face perception network was identified, which is demon- cial stimuli were associated with specific increases in connectivity strated to extend Haxby et al.ʼs [Haxby, J. V., Hoffman, E. A., & between early visual regions, such as the inferior occipital gyrus Gobbini, M. I. The distributed human neural system for face per- and the STS, along with coupling between the STS and the amyg- ception. Trends in Cognitive Science, 4, 223–233, 2000] distrib- dala, as well as the inferior frontal gyrus. These findings support uted neural system for face perception. This network includes the presence of a distributed network of cortical regions that me- early visual regions, such as the inferior occipital gyrus, which is diate the perception of different dynamic facial expressions. ■ INTRODUCTION Real-life faces are dynamic by nature, particularly when Based largely on findings from behavioral observations, expressing emotion. However, much of the research on Bruce and Youngʼs(1986)influential“functional model face perception and emotion recognition to date has used of face recognition” has served as a general framework static stimuli of faces, such as stimuli from the Ekman and for the study of face perception for the last 30 years. Cen- Friesen (1976) collection. These posed static facial stimuli tral to this model is the notion that analysis of facial ex- do not reflect the unique temporal dynamics and infor- pression and identity proceed independently of each mation available from seeing a moving face in the real other. Further evidence to support the functional divi- world and thus do not allow a complete description of sion between facial expression and identity processing the neural correlates of natural face perception to be comes from neuropsychological studies of prosopagnosic made. Dynamic stimuli would offer a more suitable means patients, who can interpret facial expressions correctly but of examining the neural basis of realistic natural face per- are unable to correctly identify familiar faces (Humphreys, ception. Behavioral studies using dynamic facial stimuli Donnelly, & Riddoch, 1993). Haxby, Hoffman, and Gobbini have shown that motion plays an important role in facili- (2000) later modified this model to provide a neurologi- tating judgments of gender (Hill & Johnston, 2001) and cal description of face perception, wherein they describe also contributes to identity judgments (Christie & Bruce, a “distributed human neural system for face perception.” 1998; Pike, Kemp, Towell, & Phillips, 1997). In addition, This model, like the earlier Bruce and Young (1986) model, judgments of facial affect are influenced by changing the proposes distinct pathways for the visual analysis of fa- velocity of an expressing face, suggesting that the dynamic cial identity and expression. The perception of identity, display of facial expressions provides unique temporal in- the invariant aspect of a face, occurs in a ventral pathway formation about the expressions, which is not available in that involves the lateral fusiform gyrus (FG), whereas the static displays (Kamachi et al., 2001). Dynamic facial ex- STS is part of the dorsal pathway that is implicated in pressions of emotion have been shown to facilitate emo- the processing and representation of changeable facial tion recognition compared with their static counterparts features. The extended system then incorporates addi- (Sato, Kochiyama, Yoshikawa, Naito, & Matsumara, 2004; tional brain regions to support further face processing, LaBar, Crupain, Voyvodic, & McCarthy, 2003), possibly be- such as emotion recognition. cause of additional information encoded in facial action patterns, which is not present in static stimuli (Wehrle, 1Aston University, 2University of Bristol Kaiser, Schmidt, & Scherer, 2000). © 2011 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 24:2, pp. 507–520 Downloaded from http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/jocn_a_00120 by guest on 26 September 2021 However, very little is known about the neural struc- before projecting to the STS. This implies that the STS tures involved in the perception of realistic dynamic facial may play a role in facial identification when identification expressions, as Haxby et al.ʼs (2000) distributed face per- can be gleaned from dynamic facial signatures. They also ception model was mainly defined using evidence de- suggest that the STS and FG may be connected via the rived from static images of faces, with the exception of middle temporal visual area MT, thus facilitating recognition Puce, Allison, Bentin, Gore, and McCarthy (1998). These through structure-from-motion processes. This is consis- static stimuli obviously represent impoverished displays tent with Sato et al. (2004), who report increased activa- lacking natural facial motion, which do not facilitate a tion in MTG to dynamic faces. In addition, Calder and Downloaded from http://mitprc.silverchair.com/jocn/article-pdf/24/2/507/1777324/jocn_a_00120.pdf by MIT Libraries user on 17 May 2021 complete interrogation of the face perception network, Young (2005) recently used principle component analy- particularly the dorsal pathway which is implicated in sis to investigate the degree of separation between these the processing of facial dynamics. Although perception two pathways and found that facial expressions and identity of static face stimuli does elicit activation in the dorsal canbecodedwithinasinglemultidimensional framework STS region, it is believed to result from implied rather than rather than relying on separate independent codes. From overt biological motion (Fairhall & Ishai, 2007; Haxby, this, it would appear that the roles of the FG and STS may Hoffman, & Gobbini, 2002). Naturally, dynamic stimuli not be as dissociable and distinct as previously thought. should therefore be considered to understand the com- One way to examine the degree of separation and func- plete neurology of ecologically valid face perception. tional interplay between the FG and STS, and the other Recent brain imaging studies have investigated the neu- neural structures involved in face processing, is to use con- ral network underlying the processing of dynamic face stim- nectivity analysis. Rather than looking solely at isolated uli. For example, Kilts, Egan, Gideon, Ely, and Hoffman regional effects, connectivity analysis examines the interac- (2003) carried out a PET study using dynamic and static tions between brain regions. It also provides a means of face stimuli and found increased activation in STS in re- assessing the extent to which the same brain regions sup- sponse to dynamic compared with static face stimuli, along port different operations depending on task-dependent with greater activation in the amygdala and hippocampus. network connections (Friston et al., 1997). Recently, Fairhall In an fMRI study LaBar et al. (2003) reported increased and Ishai (2007) used fMRI and connectivity analysis activation in FG, ventromedial pFC, and STS to dynamic (dynamic causal modeling) to examine the interactions expressions of emotion compared with neutral. Addition- between the different regions of the face perception net- ally, Sato et al. (2004) carried out an fMRI study using work with static face stimuli. They presented photographs dynamic gray-scaled morphed stimuli of fearful and happy of unfamiliar, famous, and emotional faces in a passive faces, dynamic mosaics of scrambled faces, and static con- viewing task and found that all faces exerted a strong trols. They found increased activation in the inferior oc- and significant influence on the effective connectivity be- cipital gyrus (IOG), middle temporal gyrus (MTG), STS, tween IOG and both FG and STS. Emotional and famous and FG to dynamic facial expressions compared with the faces significantly modulated the coupling between IOG dynamic and static controls. These findings are generally and FG, but not between IOG and STS. They also found consistent with Haxby et al.ʼs (2000) distributed model that the FG exerted influences on the amygdala, inferior of face perception and show considerable overlap in acti- frontal gyrus (IFG), and OFC. They concluded from this vation patterns in response to different face processing that the extraction of the changeable aspects of face stim- tasks. However many of these studies (Sato et al., 2004; uli, within limbic and prefrontal regions, is enabled via the LaBar et al., 2003) have used morphed stimuli, which were FG in the ventral pathway rather than the STS. However, constructed from static stimuli and may represent artificial this may be because of the fact that static images of faces motion.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Developing a Brain Specialized for Face Perception: a Converging
    Michelle de Haan Institute of Child Health University College London Developing a Brain Developmental Cognitive Neurosciences Unit The Wolfson Centre Specialized for Face Mecklenburgh Square London WCIN ZAP United Kingdom Perception: A Converging Kate Humphreys MarkH. Johnson Methods Approach Centre for Brain & Cognitive Development, Birkbeck College 32 Torrington Square London WCIE 7JL United Kingdom Received 21 February 2000; Accepted 13 November 2001 ABSTRACT: Adults are normally very quick and accurate at recognizing facial identity.This skill has been explained by two opposing views as being due to the existence of an innate cortical ``face module'' or to the natural consequence of adults' extensive experience with faces.Neither of these views puts particular importance on studying development of face-processing skills, as in one view the module simply comes on-line and in the other view development is equated with adult learning. In this article, we present evidence from a variety of methodologies to argue for an ``interactive specialization'' view.In this view, orienting tendencies present early in life ensure faces are a frequent visual input to higher cortical areas in the ventral visual pathway.In this way, cortical specialization for face processing is an emergent product of the interaction of factors both intrinsic and extrinsic to the developing child. ß 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 40: 200± 212, 2002. DOI 10.1002/dev.10027 Keywords: face processing; infancy; neuroimaging; cortical specialization; prosopagnosia INTRODUCTION investigators have proposed that there is an innate ``social brain'' with pathways and circuits genetically Our sophisticated ability to perceive and analyze in- prespeci®ed for processing social information -e.g., formation from the faces of our fellow humans under- Baron-Cohen et al., 1999).
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of Alexithymia and Emotion Perception in Music, Odor, Taste, and Touch
    MINI REVIEW published: 30 July 2021 doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.707599 Beyond Face and Voice: A Review of Alexithymia and Emotion Perception in Music, Odor, Taste, and Touch Thomas Suslow* and Anette Kersting Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany Alexithymia is a clinically relevant personality trait characterized by deficits in recognizing and verbalizing one’s emotions. It has been shown that alexithymia is related to an impaired perception of external emotional stimuli, but previous research focused on emotion perception from faces and voices. Since sensory modalities represent rather distinct input channels it is important to know whether alexithymia also affects emotion perception in other modalities and expressive domains. The objective of our review was to summarize and systematically assess the literature on the impact of alexithymia on the perception of emotional (or hedonic) stimuli in music, odor, taste, and touch. Eleven relevant studies were identified. On the basis of the reviewed research, it can be preliminary concluded that alexithymia might be associated with deficits Edited by: in the perception of primarily negative but also positive emotions in music and a Mathias Weymar, University of Potsdam, Germany reduced perception of aversive taste. The data available on olfaction and touch are Reviewed by: inconsistent or ambiguous and do not allow to draw conclusions. Future investigations Khatereh Borhani, would benefit from a multimethod assessment of alexithymia and control of negative Shahid Beheshti University, Iran Kristen Paula Morie, affect. Multimodal research seems necessary to advance our understanding of emotion Yale University, United States perception deficits in alexithymia and clarify the contribution of modality-specific and Jan Terock, supramodal processing impairments.
    [Show full text]
  • Recognition of Emotional Face Expressions and Amygdala Pathology*
    Recognition of Emotional Face Expressions and Amygdala Pathology* Chiara Cristinzio 1,2, David Sander 2, 3, Patrik Vuilleumier 1,2 1 Laboratory for Behavioural Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Neuroscience and Clinic of Neurology, University of Geneva 2 Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva 3 Department of Psychology, University of Geneva Abstract Reconnaissance d'expressions faciales émo- tionnelles et pathologie de l'amygdale The amygdala is often damaged in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, either because of the primary L'amygdale de patients atteints d'une épilepsie du epileptogenic disease (e.g. sclerosis or encephalitis) or lobe temporal est souvent affectée, soit en raison de because of secondary effects of surgical interventions leur maladie épileptogénique primaire (p.ex. sclérose (e.g. lobectomy). In humans, the amygdala has been as- ou encéphalite), soit en raison des effets secondaires sociated with a range of important emotional and d'interventions chirurgicales (p.ex. lobectomie). L'amyg- social functions, in particular with deficits in emotion dale a été associée à une gamme de fonctions émo- recognition from faces. Here we review data from tionnelles et sociales importantes dans l'organisme hu- recent neuropsychological research illustrating the main, en particulier à certains déficits dans la faculté de amygdala role in processing facial expressions. We décrypter des émotions sur le visage. Nous passons ici describe behavioural findings subsequent to focal en revue les résultats des récents travaux de la neuro- lesions and possible factors that may influence the na- psychologie illustrant le rôle de l'amygdale dans le trai- ture and severity of deficits in patients.
    [Show full text]
  • Face Aftereffects and the Perceptual Underpinnings of Gender-Related Biases
    Journal of Experimental Psychology: General © 2013 American Psychological Association 2014, Vol. 143, No. 3, 1259–1276 0096-3445/14/$12.00 DOI: 10.1037/a0034516 Recalibrating Gender Perception: Face Aftereffects and the Perceptual Underpinnings of Gender-Related Biases David J. Lick and Kerri L. Johnson University of California, Los Angeles Contemporary perceivers encounter highly gendered imagery in media, social networks, and the work- place. Perceivers also express strong interpersonal biases related to targets’ gendered appearances after mere glimpses at their faces. In the current studies, we explored adaptation to gendered facial features as a perceptual mechanism underlying these biases. In Study 1, brief visual exposure to highly gendered exemplars shifted perceptual norms for men’s and women’s faces. Studies 2–4 revealed that changes in perceptual norms were accompanied by notable shifts in social evaluations. Specifically, exposure to feminine phenotypes exacerbated biases against hypermasculine faces, whereas exposure to masculine phenotypes mitigated them. These findings replicated across multiple independent samples with diverse stimulus sets and outcome measures, revealing that perceptual gender norms are calibrated on the basis of recent visual encounters, with notable implications for downstream evaluations of others. As such, visual adaptation is a useful tool for understanding and altering social biases related to gendered facial features. Keywords: visual aftereffects, face perception, social vision, gender bias, gendered phenotypes In daily life, people encounter others who vary considerably in included many men with visibly feminized facial features (high their gendered appearance (i.e., masculinity/femininity). Although brow line, high cheekbones, wide eyes, small nose; e.g., Max many individuals fall within the average range of gender variation, Greenfield, Matt Bomer, Damian Lewis, Paul Rudd, Usher, Aaron others do not.
    [Show full text]
  • Neurophysiological Substrates of Configural Face Perception in Schizotypy
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/668400; this version posted June 12, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Neurophysiological Substrates of Configural Face Perception in Schizotypy Sangtae Ahn1,2, Caroline Lustenberger1,2,3, L. Fredrik Jarskog1,4, Flavio Fröhlich1,2,5,6,7,8,* 1Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC 27599 2Carolina Center for Neurostimulation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC 27599 3Mobile Health Systems Lab, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland 4North Carolina Psychiatric Research Center, Raleigh, NC, 27610 5Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC 27599 6Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC 27599 7Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC 27599 8Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC 27599 Correspondence should be addressed to Flavio Fröhlich, 115 Mason Farm Rd. NRB 4109F, Chapel Hill, NC. 27599. Phone: 1.919.966.4584. Email: [email protected] 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/668400; this version posted June 12, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Abstract Face perception is a highly developed function of the human visual system. Previous studies of event-related potentials (ERPs) have identified a face-selective ERP component (negative peak at about 170 milliseconds after stimulation onset, N170) in healthy participants.
    [Show full text]
  • Processing of Fear and Anger Facial Expressions: the Role of Spatial Frequency
    Comfort, W. E., Wang, M., Benton, C. P., & Zana, Y. (2013). Processing of fear and anger facial expressions: the role of spatial frequency. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, 213. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00213 Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to published version (if available): 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00213 Link to publication record in Explore Bristol Research PDF-document University of Bristol - Explore Bristol Research General rights This document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/red/research-policy/pure/user-guides/ebr-terms/ ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE published: 26 April 2013 doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00213 Processing of fear and anger facial expressions: the role of spatial frequency William E. Comfort 1*, Meng Wang 2, Christopher P.Benton3 andYossi Zana1 1 Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil 2 Institute of Neuroscience, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China 3 School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK Edited by: Spatial frequency (SF) components encode a portion of the affective value expressed in Linda Isaac, Palo Alto VA and Stanford face images.The aim of this study was to estimate the relative weight of specific frequency University, USA spectrum bandwidth on the discrimination of anger and fear facial expressions.The general Reviewed by: Linda Isaac, Palo Alto VA and Stanford paradigm was a classification of the expression of faces morphed at varying proportions University, USA between anger and fear images in which SF adaptation and SF subtraction are expected Charles Alain Collin, University of to shift classification of facial emotion.
    [Show full text]
  • Individual Differences in Neural Activity During a Facial Expression Vs
    NeuroImage 56 (2011) 1685–1692 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect NeuroImage journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ynimg Individual differences in neural activity during a facial expression vs. identity working memory task Maital Neta ⁎, Paul J. Whalen Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA article info abstract Article history: Facial expressions of emotion constitute a critical portion of our non-verbal social interactions. In addition, the Received 26 October 2010 identity of the individual displaying this expression is critical to these interactions as they embody the context Revised 15 February 2011 in which these expressions will be interpreted. To identify any overlapping and/or unique brain circuitry Accepted 17 February 2011 involved in the processing of these two information streams in a laboratory setting, participants performed a Available online 22 February 2011 working memory (WM) task (i.e., n-back) in which they were instructed to monitor either the expression (EMO) or the identity (ID) of the same set of face stimuli. Consistent with previous work, during both the EMO Keywords: fi Facial expressions and ID tasks, we found a signi cant increase in activity in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) supporting Emotion its generalized role in WM. Further, individuals that showed greater DLPFC activity during both tasks also Working memory showed increased amygdala activity during the EMO task and increased lateral fusiform gyrus activity during fMRI the ID task. Importantly, the level of activity in these regions significantly correlated with performance on the respective tasks. These findings provide support for two separate neural circuitries, both involving the DLPFC, supporting working memory for the faces and expressions of others.
    [Show full text]
  • The COVID-19 Pandemic Masks the Way People Perceive Faces
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN The COVID‑19 pandemic masks the way people perceive faces Erez Freud1*, Andreja Stajduhar1, R. Shayna Rosenbaum1,2, Galia Avidan3,4 & Tzvi Ganel3 The unprecedented eforts to minimize the efects of the COVID‑19 pandemic introduce a new arena for human face recognition in which faces are partially occluded with masks. Here, we tested the extent to which face masks change the way faces are perceived. To this end, we evaluated face processing abilities for masked and unmasked faces in a large online sample of adult observers (n = 496) using an adapted version of the Cambridge Face Memory Test, a validated measure of face perception abilities in humans. As expected, a substantial decrease in performance was found for masked faces. Importantly, the inclusion of masks also led to a qualitative change in the way masked faces are perceived. In particular, holistic processing, the hallmark of face perception, was disrupted for faces with masks, as suggested by a reduced inversion efect. Similar changes were found whether masks were included during the study or the test phases of the experiment. Together, we provide novel evidence for quantitative and qualitative alterations in the processing of masked faces that could have signifcant efects on daily activities and social interactions. Faces are among the most informative and signifcant visual stimuli in human perception. Brief presentation of a person’s face readily exposes their identity, gender, emotion, age, and race1. Te unprecedented eforts to minimize the efects of the novel coronavirus include a recommendation (and in most countries, a requirement) to wear face masks in public to reduce virus transmission 2,3.
    [Show full text]
  • Domain Specificity in Face Perception Nancy Kanwisher
    © 2000 Nature America Inc. • http://neurosci.nature.com commentary Domain specificity in face perception Nancy Kanwisher Is face perception carried out by modules specialized only for processing faces? Or are faces perceived by domain-general mechanisms that can also operate on non-face stimuli? Considerable evidence supports the domain-specific view. A primary goal in scientific research is to object recognition. Perhaps the strongest the ‘basic level’ (for example, chair, coat, ‘carve nature at its joints.’ This is emphat- evidence that distinct mechanisms may be pen), without determining the specific ically true in cognitive science, where involved in the recognition of faces comes exemplar of the category (my chair, Joe’s philosophers and psychologists have from the neuropsychological literature. In coat), for faces we usually proceed beyond sought for centuries to discover the fun- the syndrome of prosopagnosia8, patients the general category ‘face’ to determine damental components of the human are unable to recognize previously famil- the identity of the particular individual. mind. In his influential book Modularity iar faces, despite a largely preserved ability Second, we probably look at and discrim- of Mind, Fodor1 contrasts two competing to recognize objects. Even more striking inate between faces more than any other .com views on the functional organization of are patients with the opposite syndrome. class of visual stimuli (with the possible the mind. One view holds that the mind Patient CK is severely impaired at reading exception of words, discussed later). We is divided according to the content of the and object recognition, yet completely are all face experts. Is it possible that the information processed.
    [Show full text]
  • The Self-Face Automatically Captures Attention Without Consciousness
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.22.915595; this version posted January 23, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. The self-face automatically captures attention without consciousness Michał Bola1, Marta Paź1, Łucja Doradzińska1, Anna Nowicka2 1. Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland. 2. Laboratory of Language Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland. Corresponding author: Michał Bola, PhD Email: [email protected] Laboratory of Brain Imaging Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology 3 Pasteur Street 02-093 Warsaw, Poland Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing interests. Acknowledgements: This study was funded by the National Science Center Poland grants (2018/29/B/HS6/02152 to MB, and 2018/29/B/HS6/00461 to AN). bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.01.22.915595; this version posted January 23, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Abstract It is intuitively clear and experimentally well established that stimuli representing ourselves, like our own name or face, benefit from preferential processing. However, two questions remain to be addressed.
    [Show full text]
  • Stumps Cortex.Pdf
    cortex 130 (2020) 64e77 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/cortex Research Report Characterizing developmental prosopagnosia beyond face perception: Impaired recollection but intact familiarity recognition Anna Stumps a,b, Elyana Saad a,b, David Rothlein a,b, * Mieke Verfaellie c,d and Joseph DeGutis a,b, a Boston Attention and Learning Laboratory, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA b Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA c Memory Disorders Research Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA d Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, USA article info abstract Article history: Converging lines of research suggests that many developmental prosopagnosics (DPs) have Received 20 November 2019 impairments beyond face perception, but currently no framework exists to characterize Reviewed 15 January 2020 these impaired mechanisms. One potential extra-perceptual deficit is that DPs encode/ Revised 2 March 2020 retrieve faces in a distinct manner from controls that does not sufficiently support indi- Accepted 24 April 2020 viduation. To test this possibility, 30 DPs and 30 matched controls performed an old/new Action editor Holger Wiese face recognition task while providing confidence ratings, to which a model-based ROC Published online 18 May 2020 analysis was applied. DPs had significantly reduced recollection compared to controls, driven by fewer ‘high-confidence target’ responses, but intact familiarity. Recollection and Keywords: face perception ability uniquely predicted objective and subjective prosopagnosia symp- Developmental prosopagnosia toms, together explaining 51% and 56% of the variance, respectively. These results suggest Recognition memory that a specific deficit in face recollection in DP may represent a core aspect of the difficulty Receiver operating characteristic in confidently identifying an individual by their face.
    [Show full text]
  • Individual Differences in Face Identity Processing
    This is a repository copy of Individual differences in face identity processing. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/143426/ Version: Published Version Article: McCaffery, Jennifer M orcid.org/0000-0003-4420-290X, Robertson, David J, Young, Andrew W orcid.org/0000-0002-1202-6297 et al. (1 more author) (2018) Individual differences in face identity processing. Cognitive research: principles and implications. p. 21. ISSN 2365-7464 https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-018-0112-9 Reuse This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence. This licence allows you to distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the work, even commercially, as long as you credit the authors for the original work. More information and the full terms of the licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ McCaffery et al. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications (2018) 3:21 Cognitive Research: Principles https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-018-0112-9 and Implications ORIGINALARTICLE Open Access Individual differences in face identity processing Jennifer M. McCaffery1,2, David J. Robertson1,2,3, Andrew W. Young2 and A. Mike Burton1,2* Abstract We investigated the relationships between individual differences in different aspects of face-identity processing, using the Glasgow Face Matching Test (GFMT) as a measure of unfamiliar face perception, the Cambridge Face Memory Test (CFMT) as a measure of new face learning, and the Before They Were Famous task (BTWF) as a measure of familiar face recognition.
    [Show full text]