2015: THE YEAR OF 2015 THE YEAR OF LINUX This year is set to be the best ever for Linux – and that’s not just our opinion. Some of the biggest players in think so too…

here’s a long-running joke in the Linux world, market where Linux dominates thanks to Android – that the next year will be the year of “Linux on and the space became even bigger thanks to Tthe desktop”. At first it was a serious “cloud” computing, software/platform/infrastructure proposition: back in the early 2000s, it looked like the as a service, and the growth of web apps. was poised to take a significant So Linux is, today, by far the most prevalent and chunk of desktop marketshare. Microsoft was important operating system in the world. It’s a long struggling with major security problems in Windows, way from being on every home desktop PC, but the Apple’s Mac OS X had barely gotten off the ground, next 12 months have plenty in store, and so for our and there was clearly room for something better. first issue of the year we want to look ahead at the So why didn’t Linux dive in and win millions of goodies to come. But we don’t just want to wax users? Well, it did, just in another way. Microsoft lyrical about our favourite projects here; we also want started to take security more seriously, and OS to hear from some of the biggest names in Linux X emerged as a shiny -like OS that appealed and Free Software about what they’re most looking to many geeks. Linux was still the best all-round forward to. operating system, we reckon, but the desktop PC But before we hear from the horses’ mouths, so market was no longer so appealing. As the end of to speak, let’s have a quick look back at 2014, a year the decade came closer, users were flocking towards crammed with big developments for our favourite mobile devices such as and tablets – a operating system…

20 www.linuxvoice.com 2015: THE YEAR OF LINUX Highlights of 2014 There were plenty of ups and downs last year.

ast year got off to a corking start, with what? won, to the surprise of videogames giant Valve announcing many. is a conservative distro, so the L14 new models of Machines decision to replace a large chunk of the base – pre-built running the Linux- system caused arguments that extended powered SteamOS platform. For much of its well into the rest of the year. life, Linux hasn’t been taken seriously as a March was a great month. The OS, but Valve’s announcements Foundation decided to offer its “Introduction changed this perception enormously. We’re to Linux” online course, which previously still a while away from seeing Steam costed a whopping $2,400, for free. Machines in every shop, but the future is Another big development was Broadcom’s looking bright for triple-A titles on Linux. release of the video driver code Meanwhile, , one of the big for the VideoCore IV GPU, as used in the players in Linux for businesses, snapped up . April had some downers the free CentOS distro. For years, CentOS though: Heartbleed, the internet-breaking had been providing a free and community- vulnerability in the widely used OpenSSL supported rebuild of Red Hat’s Enterprise library, led some to question whether open Linux product, and Red Hat had tolerated its source is really more secure. We’ say it is, existence without saying much about it. But of course, but just because something is it became clear that CentOS can benefit the open source, it doesn’t mean that lots of company: sure, CentOS users aren’t paying eyeballs are going through the code. If only any money all those big directly to Red companies Hat’s coffers, “The Heartbleed vulnerability led affected by The Raspberry Pi Model B+ was a very welcome but they could Heartbleed upgrade, with more USB ports, more GPIO pins, upgrade to the some to question whether open had supported and better power management. paid enterprise source really is more secure.” OpenSSL product at a development, other institutions in Valencia, Geneva certain point. either with and Toulouse announced that they were From Red Hat’s perspective, it’s better if money or patches, maybe things would no longer paying the Microsoft tax, and people are using CentOS rather than a have been different. In the same month, had moved to Free Software. The UK completely different distro such as Debian. Canonical cancelled its One cloud government surprised us all by demanding In early February, the Debian project had storage service. that public documents should be in open a vote on which system it should use Still, in May the ever-diligent OpenBSD formats such as ODF. in the next release of the distro. And guess team announced LibreSSL, a fork of the In September, the NHS dumped Oracle OpenSSL codebase, and immediately in favour of an open source solution, while started ripping out some of the horrendously users could now watch films on old and complicated code chunks. Linux (via Chrome and Ubuntu). Meanwhile, the Chinese government But another downer came in October: decided to ban the usage of Windows 8, the Shellshock bug, which affected a Bash while the Razor- and LXDE desktops vulnerability that had been in the code since merged to form LXQt. 1989. It was another sobering reminder that FOSS only works when people are studying Game on the code. Adobe also announced that it was June was a good month for gamers: over dropping Reader support for Linux, but given 500 games, fully supported on Linux, were the program’s bloat and unreliability, few now available on Steam. , KDE’s people really cared. peerless drawing application, announced a November and December wrapped new crowdfunding project to implement up the year with some announcements: new features, and as July came in, we were Mozilla ended its relationship with Google, all greeted by a new Raspberry Pi model, the and decided to move to Yahoo as its B+. KDE 5 was released and it was default search engine. The tablet was announced that 97% of the world’s crowdfunded, Debian was forked into the The Heartbleed OpenSSL vulnerability was such supercomputers run Linux. Not bad at all! non-Systemd-requiring distro, and a big deal, it even got its own logo thanks to And it was a good time for open HP launched an EliteBook laptop with SUSE security company Codenomicon. standards: governments, schools and Enterprise Linux pre-installed.

www.linuxvoice.com 21 2015: THE YEAR OF LINUX What the big names say We asked prominent developers and project leaders in the FOSS world what they thought of 2014, and what they’re most looking forward to this year. Boudewijn Rempt Lead developer of Krita, a powerful graphics editor for KDE.

What was your biggest highlight of full support for creating , and the 2014? port to the Qt 5 graphical toolkit. No, I’m BR: Oh gosh! We had so many – we lying, I’m not looking forward to that port, but released Krita in Valve’s Steam app store, we by March it’ll be done. did a really successful Kickstarter for the Krita Foundation, and we had a booth at What are the biggest challenges Siggraph! [ graphics conference] that face GNU/Linux and FOSS in And then we got a five-star review in an the upcoming year? artists’ magazine, ImagineFX, so Krita is BR: GNU/Linux will probably be fine: the getting noticed outside the FOSS world too. kernel is well-funded, has a broad contributor base and, yeah, it’ll do fine. FOSS in general out of working on FOSS! If only everyone What are you most looking forward too, apart from the usual patents challenge. I who feels the need to write a hateful mail or to in 2015? think the big challenge is all the divisiveness. post would pledge to also write one love BR: The next release of Krita, with all the All the hate people feel when someone letter to a project of choice, maybe it’d Kickstarter features… our next Kickstarter, comes up with a new idea. It’s taking the fun balance out? Ben Nuttall Education, development and outreach for the Raspberry Pi Foundation.

What was your biggest highlight of areas what we have is pushing the limits of 2014? the proprietary alternatives, we’re at a tipping BN: Personally speaking, I’d say attending point where I see FOSS being the preferable PyConUK. With the Raspberry Pi Foundation option in more and more cases. That’s running the education track, introducing kids exciting, and I’m looking forward to what and teachers to open computing; Carrie comes in 2015. Anne’s keynote thanking the community for its efforts; and the wealth of presentations What are the biggest challenges and lightning talks all rounding up to that face GNU/Linux and FOSS in demonstrate what a great time this is to be the upcoming year? involved in making a change through open BN: We still suffer from a lack of choice for source in education and industry. consumers. In the high street, people have the choice between buying a Windows What are you most looking forward laptop and a Macbook, there’s just no web servers where Linux is king. They know to in 2015? awareness of an alternative. The addition of they’re slipping behind and they’re worried. BN: FOSS is more than just a warm tingle, or Apple is a huge forward in diversity – What they do to combat that could be good knowing you’re sticking it to The Man, it’s a now people know there isn’t just one type of for everyone, if they become more open or viable alternative. We’ve seen such growth in computer with one interface they should start using open standards, or it could be activity and community engagement in the expect everywhere. However in the mobile competitive. In recent months we’ve seen FOSS community over the last few years, phone market, when smartphones arrived, Microsoft open source the .NET core and with more people using Linux in different Linux (though Android) ended up taking the welcome contributions on GitHub, and we’ve flavours, and open source software libraries majority of market share without anyone seen them make Docker available for being ever more prevalent. We’re seeing even noticing. Windows. A concern could be that with open fantastic examples of what can be achieved vendors know they’re source tools available, it takes an edge off in the free & open source world, and in many losing out to FOSS, especially in areas like the attraction for some to use Linux.

22 www.linuxvoice.com 2015: THE YEAR OF LINUX Matthew Miller Works for Red Hat as the Fedora Project leader.

What was your highlight of 2014? MM: Without a doubt, the anti-freedom MM: The Fedora 21 release. It was a agenda of media companies. Patent- full year since Fedora 20, and it was my first encumbered software and DRM in HTML release as Project Leader, so I was quite standards sets us on a direction that will be anxious. But so many people put in amazing, very hard to recover from, and all of the real great work and it all came together into one money is on the wrong side in this fight. of the best Linux distro releases ever. What are the biggest challenges What are you most looking forward that face GNU/Linux and FOSS in to in 2015? the upcoming year? MM: Fedora 22 and Fedora 23, of course! Philip Newborough Lead developer of CrunchBang Linux.

What was your highlight of 2014? PN: There are a couple of things that come PN: Gnome 3.14. I’ve been watching to mind. Debian Jessie: I’m running it on a Gnome 3 with a keen interest and I’ve tried couple of machines and it looks like being each new release. I found the early releases the best Debian release yet. : It’s unusable, but the latest releases have about time that Microsoft brought virtual shown real promise. When 3.14 was desktops to the masses. released in September, I adopted it as my daily desktop. I’m loving how the Gnome What are the biggest challenges threatening behaviour and/or abuse. developers make the desktop so simple to facing GNU/Linux and FOSS? Therefore, I think the biggest challenge will use, it’s minimal, yet still super-powerful. PN: Civility. I think the community really be to keep the debates open, but keep them struggled in 2014 and at times, I felt civil. If things continue as they have in 2014, What are you most looking forward embarrassed to be a part of it. Debate is we’ll lose talented developers and we’ll stop to in 2015? important, but there is no excuse for attracting new ones. That would suck. Italo Vignoli Handles media relations at The Document Foundation, makers of LibreOffice.

What was your biggest highlight of We are also looking forward to another 2014? great LibreOffice Conference in the city of IV: I can list a few: major release of Aarhus in Denmark, and to a large number LibreOffice 4.2, new board of directors in of events in the other geographies. place (with second generation TDF members), UK Government decision to What are the biggest challenges standardise on ODF, major release of that face GNU/Linux and FOSS in LibreOffice 4.3, and the Bern LibreOffice the upcoming year? Conference. IV: Getting recognised for its real value, not only among people with a decent technical What are you most looking forward background but also among desktop users. to in 2015? It’s a pity to look at users who have IV: We are looking forward to other major Windows-related problems being stuck releases of LibreOffice, to the availability of because they do not know about the the software on Android, to other significant possibility of switching to GNU/Linux or grow their penetration among PC projects of companies and public have been discouraged. users who are bombarded by proprietary administrations migrating to LibreOffice, and FOSS developers should improve their software messages (and who are locked-in to a further growth of the ecosystem. communication strategies and skills, to without even realising it).

www.linuxvoice.com 23 2015: THE YEAR OF LINUX Jos Poortvliet and Frank Karlitschek FOSS advocates from the KDE and OwnCloud teams.

What was your highlight of 2014? tackling the very core issues around privacy JP: In the KDE world, we moved to and security on the web. deliver Frameworks 5, which is already Self hosting and control are super having a big impact on the Linux desktop important but they always face the with many projects porting to Qt and, we challenge of being disconnected – and the hope, ready to take advantage of KDE power of the web is that it connects people. technology in the future. Of course, Plasma Many projects work on these issues of 5, and just before the year was over, the first course but OwnCloud is going fast and big: KDE applications built on Frameworks 5 this technology is being used to connect also saw the light. These will mature over over 500,000 students from three separate 2015 and move to more platforms, with German universities that each run (and GCompris leading for Android. control!) their own OwnCloud instances. I think the move to a single standard desktop/mobile toolkit for Linux is extremely What are the biggest challenges important for its future as a viable platform. that face GNU/Linux and FOSS in Note that the toolkit isn’t the desktop the upcoming year? super extreme projects (like the – Gnome is doing great as a desktop JP: The challenges are big: to put people project and 15 laptop) show the way, team, moving user experience forward back in charge of their digital life requires pave it even, but it is the more down to earth and I applaud them for that! But for app lowering the barrier to using open ones which change the world. development, it is good if there is one clear technologies. Hardware seems to play an The barrier we fight is twofold: technical choice, with other more specialised options ever-increasing role in this, with many difficulties and network effects. Nothing always around to keep some healthy projects working to release open hardware. new, of course. Frankly, the legal, political competition and pressure. There are significant hurdles to be taken, and commercial forces against ‘all things both for the wider maker movement as well open’ don’t scare me: look at where we are What are you most looking forward as for projects like OwnCloud and KDE. We, today compared to one or two decades to in 2015? the software and the hardware guys and ago! Open platforms are inherently stronger FK: OwnCloud is moving forward with girls, need to work together more, leverage and, over time, seem to win out. There’s no distributed and federated cloud technology, each other, yet remain practical. I think the reason to assume this will change. Lucas Nussbaum Debian Project Leader, and Debian developer since 2005.

What was your highlight of 2014? What are the biggest challenges LN: During 2014, Debian made a that face GNU/Linux and FOSS in series of hard decisions about how to deal the upcoming year? with the transition from our historical init LN: With the increasing move of our system (sysvinit) to a more modern one computing to cloud infrastructures, we give (Systemd). While this sounds fairly technical, up the control of our computing to the those decisions required us to question our managers of our those infrastructures. Our deep beliefs about what Debian is supposed terminals (laptops, desktops) might now be to be, and how Debian is supposed to work. running entirely on Free Software, but this is This resulted in some of the most difficult increasingly irrelevant given that most of discussions and decisions in Debian’s what actually matters gets executed on a history. remote closed system that we don’t control. The Free Software community needs to What are you most looking forward work to help users keep the control of all to in 2015? their computing, by developing suitable LN: The release for Debian Jessie, in Q1 alternatives and facilitating their deployment. 2015! I am very confident that this release will reassure all our users that we have made the right decisions, and that Debian is stronger than ever.

24 www.linuxvoice.com 2015: THE YEAR OF LINUX Lennart Poettering Lead developer of Systemd, and formerly of PulseAudio and fame.

What was your biggest highlight of the upcoming year? 2014? LP: I figure our biggest challenge is to make LP: Well, I figure the decision from Ubuntu to sure our way of open source becomes more adopt Systemd, too, so quickly after Debian relevant again, given the threat from made its decision. “over-the-wall” open source done by Google and similar companies. These companies What are you most looking forward maintain projects where no real open source to in 2015? community exists, but only the most LP: Hmm, that’s hard to say. I just superficial things you have to do to call contributed my share to the Gnome Builder something “open source” are done, like they Indiegogo campaign, so I guess I am looking do for Android for example. forward to the progress Builder will make We also need to make sure that Linux over the year! with its classic userspace can compete with Android, and be an attractive alternative What are the biggest challenges [to regulated app stores] where everybody that face GNU/Linux and FOSS in participating is equal. Simon Steinbeiß Lead developer of , the -based Ubuntu spin-off.

What was your biggest highlight of What are you most looking forward 2014? to in 2015? SS: My personal highlight of 2014 was SS: I’m personally looking forward to the definitely the release of Xubuntu 14.04 Long 4.12 release of Xfce, which is sort of Term Support. I’ve been around in the overdue. I’m pretty confident it won’t take Xubuntu project for several years and to me, too much longer and then starting the port this is the best release to date. I’m fully to GTK 3 is definitely one of the things I’m aware of the superlative and that this might looking forward to as well, even if it’ll sound corny coming from the project leader probably mean a loss of stability in the (although I wasn’t leader for 14.04), but an beginning. The instability I see ahead is incredible amount of effort that had been related to GTK 3 being a moving target still put into the Xubuntu project by its team – the toolkit is changing quite significantly members during previous cycles has come with each release, breaking theming or together in this release. deprecating function calls – and porting not some very extreme controversies take place We also decided to take a leap of faith and being an easy task, especially with the larger in 2014 (for instance Systemd) and I can ship several development versions of Xfce, components like (the ) or only hope that this will not be among the as the 4.12 release date is still in the not-so- the panel. biggest challenges of 2015. clear future. Some of our team members, In terms of Xubuntu, I’m looking forward Other challenges I see ahead are related including myself, have also helped the Xfce to new contributors joining our ranks and to Android/Google and its dominance. As project upstream by submitting patches or helping us to make Xubuntu (and Xfce) it is the dominant operating system in the maintaining abandoned parts of the desktop even better. mobile space, ChromeOS is also gaining environment. While we’re still a small team, traction, and the traditional Linux desktop we have several stable contributors and are What are the biggest challenges seems to become less relevant as Google able to get our stuff done very effectively. It that face GNU/Linux and FOSS in is using the same lock-in mechanism has to be mentioned though that we’d love the upcoming year? with its ecosystem that made Apple so to grow and new contributors are more than SS: I’m not sure the challenges have big and ubiquitous. Obviously ChromeOS welcome! changed too much in the recent years, at doesn’t satisfy the daily needs of many All in all, I would say 2014 was a terrific least from my perspective. There is an (especially power) users, but the seamless year for Xubuntu and the overwhelmingly ongoing trend of fragmentation, flame wars integration of mobile systems in the desktop positive feedback we received from the etc that is very detrimental to the public (notifications, SMS replies etc) is a point community for the 14.04 release gave us the reception of GNU/Linux or FOSS but also to where Linux will hopefully catch up at some energy to push forward in 2015. the developer community itself. We’ve seen point in the near future.

www.linuxvoice.com 25 2015: THE YEAR OF LINUX To come in 2015 New distro releases, software updates, and much more…

ven if you don’t use Ubuntu, a new release of that distribution is always Ea major event in the Linux world, given how many other distros are based on it. Ubuntu 15.04 (aka the Vivid Vervet) is due to arrive in late April and should include Systemd by default, making it the last of the major desktop-oriented distros to switch. This change hasn’t been received well by everyone, but it brings Ubuntu – and its siblings , Xubuntu, and co – into line with OpenSUSE, Fedora, Arch, Debian and others. Kubuntu users will have KDE Plasma 5 as the default desktop; it was also available in 14.10, but only as a technical . It doesn’t look like Xfce 4.12 will arrive in time for the next Xubuntu release, nor will LXQt be ready for Lubuntu, so both of those distros will have relatively low-profile releases. Fedora 22, meanwhile, is scheduled for late May, and will sport DNF as a new , replacing Yum. It looks very unlikely that Wayland will replace X.org by default though. Debian 8 (codenamed Jessie) isn’t pencilled in for any particular date, in true Debian fashion, but we can expect it before summer, all being well. New features include the aforementioned switch LibreOffice 4.4 will provide a quick way to edit styles, from within the styles menu itself. to Systemd, the inclusion of the MATE and Cinnamon desktops in the package configuration of the SDDM display manager, new application for reading and managing repositories, and container support via the and support for undoing Plasmoid actions eBooks. increasingly popular Docker. (e.g. recovering deleted Plasmoids). The KDE team might squeeze a Plasma Gnome 3.16, later in the year, will build on So long, Microsoft Office... 5.2 into the end of January, featuring a the superb work that’s gone into version Due for release at the end of January (but new KWayland Server component, easy 3.14, most notably with the addition of a more likely to slip into February), LibreOffice

On our wishlist

There’s so much that we, at Linux Voice HQ, would Providing, of course, that it had extensive Linux for this year? Are you waiting for a certain distro to love to see this year. Imagine a Raspberry Pi Model support, and then there’s one game we’re absolutely be released? A new version of your favourite app? , for instance, with a better CPU and more RAM bursting to play on it, which would also need to be Or a long-standing bug to be fixed? Let us know: (512MB is pretty limiting for some jobs). Sure, ported to Linux… Elite Dangerous! [email protected]. we appreciate that the Raspberry Pi Foundation On a more technical level, we’d really like doesn’t want to up the market with many distributions to work together more closely on a different models, so that some projects only work cross-distro packaging solution. Lennart Poettering on some boards and not on others – and that the talks a bit about this on page 42. Having different Pi has never been marketed as a replacement for distros with different goals is great – that’s a . But the Pi makes for such an software freedom. And having well-checked , silent, low-power server and NAS device repositories is also important. But there needs to (when hooked up to a USB hard drive), and it could be a simpler way for third-part app developers to run many services in parallel with more RAM. distribute their software than to package up for We’d also love to see a final consumer version of Ubuntu 14.10, and Fedora 21, and Fedora 22, and the Oculus Rift virtual reality headset. The current OpenSUSE X, and RHEL Y, and so forth. Sure, you developer model (DK2) has received very positive can make cross-distro binaries by statically linking David Braben has given no firm schedule for feedback, so we’d be in heaven if it were made in every library, but that’s wasteful. a Linux port of Elite Dangerous, so we may available to the masses before the end of the year. Anyway, what’s on your Linux and FOSS wishlist have a while to wait. Dang!

26 www.linuxvoice.com 2015: THE YEAR OF LINUX

4.4 is one of the most ambitious versions as they’re generated in the suite, yet, and has seen work across all areas of and two new fonts have been added – the suite. From an end-user perspective, one Caladea and Carlito – which work as drop-in of the biggest changes is the revamped replacements for Microsoft’s Cambria and toolbars: in Writer and Calc, the toolbars have Calibri. been reorganised to remove lesser-used features, and add newer ones in their place. Kernel goodies Not everyone will be happy with this, but on Version 3.19 of the should be the whole we think it’s a good thing, as we’ve ready by the time you read this, and it packs often found ourselves scratching our heads in a bag of improvements across the board. with the default toolbars. On the graphics front, the DRM subsystem Also in Writer, a new Master Document features Skylake graphics support – Templates feature is available, which helps Skylake being the processor architecture in the creation of frameworks for large that’s due to be the successor to Broadwell documents, such as books with multiple later this year. The AMDKFD driver has been chapters. Graphical shape objects can have merged into the mainline kernel, and support text boxes embedded inside them – which has been added for GM204 Maxwell GPUs, is much more elegant than the previous, as used in GeForce GTX 970 and 980 clumsy approach of adding text boxes on graphics cards. top and trying to keep everything together. Meanwhile, in filesystem land there have Calc, meanwhile, will have a new Statistics been plenty of improvements: SquashFS, Wizard, along with an AGGREGATE function the compressed filesystem, now includes for better Microsoft Excel compatibility. The LZ4 compression, which has lower CPU Gimp 2.10’s unified transformation tool will let presentation component of LibreOffice, and memory requirements than Zlib you scale, rotate, shear and add perspective at Impress, will also support password- compression. F2FS, the Flash Friendly File the same time. protected documents for editing – that is, System originally developed by Samsung you can make a document read-only unless for use on solid-state devices, has a new for higher bit-depth images and non- the viewer knows the password. “fastboot” mount option for snappier boot destructive editing. It will also be possible to Under the hood, much work has been speeds. preview filter effects directly on the , done on file format support: you’ll be able to Btrfs users will find improved RAID 5 instead of the little filter window, while a insert media in RealAudio, RealMedia, AC3, and 6 support, while OverlayFS, the union unified transformation tool should make it ASF and Ogg formats, and import files filesystem merged in kernel 3.18, will into the release. from Adobe PageMaker MacDraw. LibreOffice support multiple read-only layers. This But that’s just the start: if we’re very lucky, 4.4 will also be able to connect directly to we may even see Gimp 3.0 SharePoint 2010 and 2013. An especially before the year is out, which useful addition is the ability to digitally sign “Adoption of open formats looks will be ported to GTK 3. This will bring it in line with the Gnome set to continue, and the software 3 and Cinnamon desktops, and is gettng better all the time.” make it look much better on HiDPI displays. Other features planned for post-2.10 releases means you can mount multiple volumes are script recording and playback, better into the same directory. Then there are text handling, and automatic layer boundary input driver updates (which should benefit management. We can’t wait! Google Chromebooks), USB audio support Also in the realm of desktop software, improvements, merging of support for Firefox 35 is due out in January or February, ARM’s CoreSight debugging architecture, and will include improvements to the Firefox and much more. If you’re running a rolling- Hello real-time communication client. It will release distro like Arch, you should get kernel be easier to start conversations with people 3.19 fairly swiftly – otherwise it will be in the over WebRTC and keep track of multiple next round of distro releases. chats. Also, the browser will default to using HTML5 video when accessing YouTube, Keep an eye on… which may finally mean the death of Flash Maybe, just maybe, we’ll see a new version for many users. Not that we’re complaining of Gimp this year. The developers are keen to – we’ve all had enough of that bloated, stress that there’s no timeframe for version crash-prone, binary blob of evil. 2.10, which should fully support GEGL (the The number of Linux users has never Firefox Hello lets you set up free voice and Generic Graphics Library, which has been been higher; adoption of open formats looks video calls without accounts – you just share a under development since the year 2000) set to continue; and the software is getting simple URL. and all the niceties it brings, such as support better all the time. The future’s bright.

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