Important: Keep for Keep this manual with the bicycle This manual is considered a part of the bicycle future reference that you have purchased. If you sell the bicycle, please give this manual to the new owner. Even if you have ridden a bicycle for years, it is important for EVERY person to read Meaning of safety signs and language Chapter 1 before riding this bicycle! In this manual, the Safety Alert symbol, a This manual shows how to ride your new triangle with an exclamation mark, shows a bicycle safely. Parents should speak about hazardous situation which, if not avoided, Chapter 1 to a child or person who might not could cause injury. The most common cause understand this manual, especially regarding of injury is falling off the bicycle. Even a fall safety issues such as the use of a coaster brake. at slow speed can cause severe injury or This manual also shows you how to do death, so avoid any situation with the special basic maintenance. Some tasks should only markings of a grey box, safety alert symbol, be done by your retailer, and this manual and these signal words: identifies them. ‘CAUTION’ indicates the About the CD possibility of mild or moderate This manual includes a CD (compact disc), injury. which provides more comprehensive ‘WARNING’ indicates the information. Please view the CD to see possibility of serious injury or death. information that is specific to your bicycle. If you do not have a computer at home, view the This manual complies with these standards: CD on a computer at school, work, or the public • ANSI Z535.6 library. If your CD does not operate, the same • AS/NZS 1927:1998 information is on our web site. The address for • BS 6102 : Part 1: 1992 the web site is on the cover of this manual. • CEN 14764, 14765, 14766, 14781, 14872, Register your bicycle 16054 • CPSC 16 CFR 1512 Bicycle registration is the only record we have • ISO 4210 Parts 1-9 and ISO 8098 of who owns this bicycle. If it is necessary to give you new instructions, your registration If you have questions will provide us with your contact information. There are many models of Trek bicycles with If you choose to not complete the registration, a variety of equipment, so this manual might make sure you go to the web site frequently. contain some instructions that do not apply Also, registration and proof of purchase are to your bicycle. Some illustrations might be necessary to make a warranty claim. different from your bicycle. For updates to this It is easy to register on the Trek web site. Choose manual, visit the Trek website. the web site for your country. If you cannot If you have questions after you read this find one for your country, use the web site for manual, consult your retailer. If you have a the U.S.: question or problem that your retailer can not • On the CD, click the link “Register.” answer or repair, tell us: • Go to the web address on the cover of this Attn: Customer Service manual and click the links. 801 W. Madison Street Waterloo, Wisconsin 53594 920.478.4678
i Trek Bicycle Owner’s Manual
Table of Contents Foreword: Bicycles, Chapter 1: Guide to safe accidents, and safety on- and off-road operation A bicycle can be fun when used for Before a first ride...... 1 transportation, recreation, exercise, or Life span of a bicycle and its parts...... 2 competition. But a bicycle can also be Before each ride: Checklist...... 3 dangerous, especially if you try to ride beyond Rules to ride safely...... 6 the limits of your bicycle or the limits of your Riding instructions...... 8 ability. The skill or ability of a bicycle rider can Safeguard your bicycle...... 10 vary greatly, just like the skill of an automobile Warning about mechanical work...... 11 driver or a skier. Do not ride in a manner that Carbon composite...... 12 exceeds your ability. Use conditions...... 13 Each bicycle also has limits because of many properties. This is a partial list: Chapter 2: Maintenance • Design and materials of the bicycle Maintenance schedule...... 15 • Maintenance of the bicycle Chapter 3: Inspection and • Use of the bicycle: surface, speed, etc. • Surface of the road or trail adjustment A word about torque specifications...... 16 A bicycle cannot protect you Handlebar and stem...... 17 Saddle (seat) and seatpost...... 19 in an accident Derailleurs...... 21 Bicycles are not designed to withstand Internal gear systems...... 23 every situation. In a crash or impact, it is not Shift-levers...... 23 uncommon for the bicycle to have damage Brake-levers...... 24 and for you to fall. If you fall, your bicycle can Brakes...... 25 not prevent injury. Cars have bumpers, seat Wheels...... 28 belts, air bags, and crumple zones. Bicycles do Training wheels...... 35 not, so even a small crash at slow speed can Cables...... 35 cause injury or death. Headset...... 35 If your bicycle is involved in any kind of Crankarms and bottom bracket...... 35 impact, crash, or accident, have it inspected Pedals...... 35 thoroughly by your retailer before you ride Chain...... 36 it again. Reflectors...... 36 Suspension...... 36 Think safety Luggage carriers ...... 36 Always “Think Safety” and avoid dangerous Accessories...... 37 situations, which are usually obvious. However, Frameset (frame and fork)...... 37 not all dangerous situations are obvious. Many of those are shown in this manual; read at least Chapter 1 before you ride. Chapter 4: Lubrication...... 40 Some of the high-risk stunts and jumps seen in magazines or videos are very dangerous; For more instructions...... 42 even skilled athletes get severe injuries when Warranty...... 42 they crash (and they do crash).
ii your bicycle, especially brakes and steering Chapter 1: Guide to safe components. Practice the first use of your bicycle on- and off-road operation at slower speeds in a flat, empty parking area. Practice again after any change to your bicycle. This chapter explains important things you should know before a first ride, including If your bicycle does not operate as you need, safety information that is important to follow or if different parts are necessary for the safe on every ride. operation of your bicycle, it may be possible to customize it. Consult your retailer. Before a first ride ‘Toe Overlap’ This information should be read by anyone Some modern, high-performance bicycles, before their first ride of this bicycle. especially smaller sizes, use a short-wheelbase Bicycle fit design with the front wheel close to the pedals. Your retailer will help you find a bicycle that When the handlebar is turned during very slow has the correct dimensions for your body. speeds, your foot or toe-clips could overlap or There should be a minimum standover touch the front wheel or fender (Figure 1.2). At clearance of at least 1” (25 mm) between the average speeds, the handlebar does not turn top tube and you when you stand over your sufficiently for contact to occur. When you ride bicycle (Figure 1.1). For a mountain bicycle, slowly with the handlebar turned, do not pedal. we recommend 2-3” (50-75 mm) clearance. This overlap is affected by the size of your FIGURE 1.1 feet, the length of the crankarms, the size of A = Minimum standover the tires, and the pedals you choose. If you clearance change any of these components, the amount 1” (25 mm) for most bicycles of the overlap could change. 2-3” (50-75 mm) for mountain bicycles A WARNING: If your foot or toe-clip touches the front wheel or fender, ‘toe overlap’ could decrease your control and cause you to fall. Do not pedal when you turn at slow speed. You can adjust the saddle and handlebar to offer the best comfort and performance. FIGURE 1.2 Toe overlap Before you make these adjustments, read Warning about mechanical work on page 11, then refer to Chapter 3. Your bicycle has a weight limit. See Use Conditions on page 13. In addition, some parts have their own weight limits. If you are not sure of the weight limit on your bicycle and its parts, consult your retailer. Know how your bicycle operates Powerful brakes The power of bicycle brakes changes with the The properties of your bicycle, if not used Use Condition of the bicycle. Many models of correctly, can decrease your control of the modern brakes are very powerful; they are made bicycle. Before you ride fast or in conditions to stop a bicycle in wet or muddy conditions. If that are a challenge, learn the operation it is necessary for your bicycle to have more—or and performance of all the mechanisms of less—power to stop, consult your retailer about
Chapter 1: Guide to Safe On- and Off-Road Operation 1 Trek Bicycle Owner’s Manual
brake adjustments or other brake options for your Life span of a bicycle bicycle. Also read Braking on page 8. and its parts Sharp points, moving parts, Bicycles are not indestructible, and their parts hot spots, and pinch points will not last forever. Our bicycles are made Some parts of your bicycle can injure you if to withstand the stress of ‘normal’ riding mishandled. Sharp points include the teeth of because those stresses are well known and the chainrings and some pedals. Brakes and understood. However, we cannot predict their parts get hot. Moving parts can cut skin the forces that might occur if you use your and even break bones. Clamps and pivoting bicycle in competition, if you ride in extreme parts such as brake levers can pinch, as can conditions, if it is involved in an accident, if it the chain where it runs on to sprocket teeth. is used for rentals or for commercial purposes, Aero-bar or if it is used in other ways that apply high An aero-bar is a forward extension of the stress or fatigue loads. With damage, the handlebar, with arm rests. When riding with your life of the frame, fork, or other parts can forearms or elbows on an aero-bar, your ability be drastically reduced and may fail without steer and stop the bicycle can be reduced. When warning. more control is needed, change your position so that your hands are near the brake levers and you The safe life of a part is determined by its are not leaning on your elbows or forearms. Also, construction, materials, use, maintenance, do not use the arm rests as handles; they are only rider weight, speed, terrain, and environment intended to support your forearms when placed (humidity, salinity, temperature, etc.), so it is in the center of the pad. Leaning on the edges of not possible to give an accurate timetable for the arm rests could break them. replacement. Any form of crack, scratch, or change of color in a high-stress area indicates Frame or fork problem that the life of the part (including the frame Frame problems are not common. As an or fork) has been reached and the part should example of such a problem, some riders could be replaced. If you are not sure if you should get a “shimmy” or “harmonic oscillation” or replace a part, consult your retailer. “frame wobble” at some speeds. In some cases, a lighter frame or part has If you get a shimmy or any other problem, a longer life than a heavier one. However, decrease your speed immediately and do better maintenance, more frequent not ride the bicycle. If your bicycle behaves inspections, and more frequent replacement in an unusual manner or you hear a noise, are necessary for a light-weight, high immediately stop the bicycle and identify the performance bicycle and its parts. problem. After any impact, have your retailer inspect the entire bicycle thoroughly. Repair WARNING: A bicycle is subjected any problem before riding again, or take the to wear and high stress. Different bicycle to your retailer for service. materials and parts may react to WARNING: A frame or fork wear or stress fatigue in different problem could decrease your control ways. If the design life of a part has and cause you to fall. If your bicycle been exceeded, it may suddenly fail, gets a shimmy or any other problem, possible causing injuries to the rider. decrease your speed immediately. Take your bicycle to your retailer for inspection and service.
2 Chapter 1: Guide to Safe On- and Off-Road Operation Before each ride: Checklist handlebar, try to twist it in the stem. The The checklist that follows shows critical areas for handlebar should not move or be loose. Make you to check. If your bicycle has a carbon fiber sure that no cables are pulled or caught when composite frame, fork, or parts, also read the you turn the wheel from side to side. special Carbon Composite information on page Make sure grips are secure and that the ends 12. If a part of your bicycle does not function of the handlebar are covered or that plugs are correctly, use the instructions in this manual to correctly inserted into the ends of the handlebar. repair your bicycle, or take your bicycle to your retailer for service. Do not ride a bicycle with a WARNING: A handlebar end that part that is damaged; replace the part. is not plugged or covered can cut in This is not a complete maintenance program. a crash. Parents should regularly inspect a child’s bicycle. Replace WARNING: A bicycle that does not damaged or missing grips. operate correctly can decrease your control and cause you to fall. Fully check all of your bicycle before each Check the frame and fork ride, and do not ride your bicycle Closely examine your frame and fork, until you correct any problem. especially near junctions of the tubing, and clamping or attachment areas. Look for signs Check the saddle (seat) and Seatpost of fatigue stress: • Dents • Cracks Make sure the saddle is correctly attached. Try • Scratches • Deformation to turn the saddle and seatpost in the frame, • Discoloration • Unusual noises and try to move the front of the saddle up and down. The saddle should not move or be loose. If your frame or fork is made of carbon composite, also see page 12. If you choose to adjust the position of the saddle, also follow the inspection procedures Check the wheels in Chapter 3. Check the tire inflation. Inflate the tires to the air pressure recommended Check the handlebar and stem on the sidewall of the tire. If a lower Make sure the stem is correctly attached. recommendation applies to the rim, inflate It should be in alignment with the front to the lower value. wheel and correctly attached to the fork and handlebar. To check the attachment, try to WARNING: Excess air pressure turn the handlebar from side to side while can cause the tire to explode off the you hold the front wheel between your knees rim, causing permanent hearing loss (Figure 1.3). To check the connection of the or, if riding, a loss of control. Use a FIGURE 1.3 Function test for the hand pump with a reliable pressure handlebar and stem gauge, and do not overinflate.
Make sure the wheels are straight. Turn the wheel and check the rim when it goes through the brake-pads or the frame. The rim should not wobble up and down or from side to side.
Chapter 1: Guide to Safe On- and Off-Road Operation 3 Trek Bicycle Owner’s Manual
Make sure the wheels are attached correctly. Check the brakes Lift your bicycle and hit the top of the tire with Use the inspection instructions for the type of a solid blow (Figure 1.4). The wheel should not brake(s) on your bicycle: come off, be loose, or move from side to side. • Hand-rim brake: a cable connects a hand Your bicycle may use one or more systems to lever to the brake. The lever causes the attach the wheels to the frame (Figure 1.5). brake-pads to apply pressure to the rim For instructions about adjustment and closure • Disc brake: a cable or hydraulic hose of the wheel attachment devices on your connects a hand lever to the brake. The bicycle, and additional inspection specific to lever causes the brake to apply pressure to those devices, see Chapter 3. a disc attached to the wheel hub. If you are not familiar with the attachment • Internal hub brake: a cable connects a devices on your wheels, we also recommend hand lever to a mechanism inside the you ask your retailer to demonstrate them hub. for you. • Coaster brake: when you move the pedals to the rear, the brake engages. WARNING: A wheel attachment device that is not correctly adjusted WARNING: A brake system that is and closed can allow the wheel to be dirty, worn, damaged, or not loose or come off, suddenly stop the adjusted correctly could decrease wheel, decrease your control, and your control and cause you to fall. cause you to fall. Follow the Make a full inspection of the brakes instructions in Chapter 3 to make sure before each ride. If your brakes do the wheels are correctly attached not operate correctly, do not ride before you ride your bicycle. your bicycle. Adjust the brakes or take your bicycle to your retailer FIGURE 1.4 for service. Test for loose condition Make sure the cables and housing are properly secured to the frame or fork so that they cannot interfere or get caught on moving parts. Hand-rim brake: Pull the lever to make sure the brake moves freely and stops your bicycle. If the lever can be pulled to the handlebar, the FIGURE 1.5 brake is too loose. The brake-pads should be 1 Wheel attachment types: FIGURE 1.6 1. Traditional quick-release 1 Brake pad alignment 2 2. Nutted axle 1. Brake-pad in alignment 3. Threaded skewer (with hex with rim surface wrench) 2. Pad and rim should 3 2 4. OCC thru-axle be parallel, with 1-2 mm clearance 4 5. DT RWS thru-axle 3 3. Direction that the rim turns 4. 0.5-1.0 mm toe-in 5 4
4 Chapter 1: Guide to Safe On- and Off-Road Operation in alignment with the rim surface (Figure 1.6). FIGURE 1.7 When the brake is not applied, the brake- Test for chain tension pads should be 1 to 2 mm from the rim. If the brake-pads are too near the rim, the brake is too tight. Disc brake: Pull the lever to make sure the brake moves freely and stops your bicycle. If the lever can be pulled to the handlebar, the brake is too loose. When the brake is not applied, the brake-pads should be 0.25-0.75 mm away from the disc. If the pads are too Check the suspension near the disc, the brake is not in alignment or Adjust your suspension for your use, and the brake is too tight. With a hydraulic brake make sure that no suspension component system, there should be no leaks of brake fluid. can “bottom-out,” or be fully compressed. Complete suspension adjustment instructions CAUTION: A disc brake and disc are available on our web site. get very hot during use and could burn skin. Also, the disc edges can be Check the lights and reflectors sharp and could cut skin. Do not touch Make sure all reflectors are clean and in their the disc or disc brake when hot or correct position. Also make sure the reflectors when the disc turns. are not covered or obstructed by clothing or anything on your bicycle. Internal hub brake: Pull the lever to make Make sure the lights operate correctly and sure the brake moves freely and stops your that batteries are charged. If the lights use a bicycle. If more than 15 mm (5/8”) of lever dynamo, make sure the dynamo is mounted movement is necessary to stop your bicycle, correctly and cannot move. the brake is too loose. If less than 7 mm of Some countries, localities, or governments lever movement stops your bicycle, the brake have specific requirements for lights, such as is too tight. colors or types. Check before traveling with your bicycle. CAUTION: An internal hub brake gets very hot during use and could WARNING: A bicycle without burn skin. Do not touch the hub or correct lights and reflectors might be cooling fins when hot. difficult for other people to see, and you might not be able to see. If you Coaster brake: The brake should engage can not see, or other people can not before the crankarms turn 60 degrees (1/6 see you, you could have an accident. turn). The chain operates the brake, so In low visibility conditions, use a front make sure the chain has the correct tension light, a rear light, and reflectors. so that it can not fall off. There should be between 1/4 to 1/2” (6-12 mm) total vertical movement of the chain (Figure 1.7).
Chapter 1: Guide to Safe On- and Off-Road Operation 5 Trek Bicycle Owner’s Manual
Rules to ride safely Wear a bicycle helmet and clothing Wear a helmet that complies with CPSC or CE Obey local bicycle laws safety standards (Figure 1.9); it can decrease Most national, state, or local areas have special or prevent injury. Remove your helmet when laws for bicycle riders. The requirements for items you are not on your bicycle; if the helmet is such as lights and reflectors change between areas. caught, you could choke. To learn what is required where you ride, consult your local bicycle club or the Department of Wear bicycle clothing and shoes, eye Transportation (or the equivalent). These are protection, and gloves. Also wear light, bright, some of the more important rules: and reflective clothing to make you more easy • Use correct hand signals. to see, especially at night. Do not wear clothing • Ride one at a time (single file) when you that is loose or long; it could get caught in the ride with other bicycle riders. parts of the bicycle or obstruct the reflectors. • Ride on the correct side of the road; do not FIGURE 1.9 Wear a bicycle helmet when ride in the opposite direction of traffic. you ride • Ride defensively; be prepared for all situations. Watch for cars, pedestrians, and other hazards A bicycle rider can be hard to see, and many people do not know the rights and special considerations of a bicycle rider. Alert others. If a car suddenly moves into your Be careful riding in weather lane, a pedestrian steps in front of you, or In wet weather, the stopping power of your someone opens the door of a parked car, you brakes will decrease. Even with brakes that could be in an accident. Attach a horn or bell are correctly adjusted and serviced, more to your bicycle and use it to tell other people lever pressure and longer distances are that you are near. necessary to stop in wet weather. Look for hazards: potholes, drain grates, soft or Wet weather causes decreased traction. low shoulders, deviations, or debris which could The road surface can become slippery and impact your wheels, make your wheels slide, ordinary objects can become treacherous, make your wheels ‘lock-up’, catch your wheels in such as wet leaves, painted crosswalks, or a rut; and cause you to lose control. When you go manhole covers. When wet surfaces freeze, across railroad tracks or drain grates, ride carefully traction is decreased further. at a 90° angle (Figure 1.8). If you are not sure of Bad weather has other effects on cycling. the surface conditions, walk with your bicycle. Water on the tire can cause a dynamo FIGURE 1.8 (generator light) to slip and lose power. Strong Ride across tracks at a 90° angle winds can make a bicycle turn inadvertently, especially a bike that has tall or deep rims. WARNING: Wet or inclement