WALL NOTE TWO: THE FALL OF SAI GON 30 APRIL 1975 DANIEL R. ARANT arantdr@hotmail.com DATE OF INFORMATION: 06 MAY 2008 "We must ensure that any major foreign policy commitment has the full support and understanding of the American people....." GEORGE H. W. BUSH, 41st President of the United States. "The American soldiers who fought in the war did so out of a sense of duty to their country, but their country betrayed them by sending them to an unconscionable war." PHILIP CAPUTO, U.S. Marine infantry platoon leader in Viet Nam and author of A Rumor of War. "... the leaders who planned and executed the war did not understand what they were getting into. The values and ideals we stood for were correct, but it was the wrong war in the wrong place - a place we did not know." RICHARD HOLBROOKE, Foreign Service diplomat in Viet Nam. "Those Americans who went to Vietnam fought for freedom, a truly noble cause. This battle was lost not by those brave Americans and South Vietnamese troops who were waging it but by political misjudgments and strategic failure at the highest levels of government." RONALD REAGAN, 40th President of the United States. "The Vietnam War was a political war that imposed restraints on the military that prevented use of power that we had readily available. ... it was very difficult to tell friend from foe, hence the Calley affair." ADM. THOMAS H. MOORER, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (1970-1974). "It was a disastrous, insane, imperial invasion of a weirdo Third World country." TIMOTHY LEARY.
Theater of Rescue: Cultural Representations of U.S. Evacuation from Vietnam (「救済劇場」:合衆国によるベトナム 撤退の文化表象)
Ayako Sahara Theater of Rescue: Cultural Representations of U.S. Evacuation from Vietnam (「救済劇場」:合衆国によるベトナム 撤退の文化表象) Ayako Sahara* SUMMARY IN JAPANESE: 本論文は、イラク撤退に関して 再び注目を集めたベトナム人「救済」が合衆国の経済的・軍 事的・政治的パワーを維持する役割を果たしてきたと考察し、 ベトナム人救済にまつわる表象言説を批判的に分析する。合 衆国のベトナムからの撤退が、自国と同盟国の扱いをめぐる 「劇場」の役割をいかに果たしたのかを明らかにすることを その主眼としている。ここで「劇場」というのは、撤退が単 一の歴史的出来事であっただけではなく、その出来事を体験 し目撃した人々にとって、歴史と政治が意味をなす舞台とし て機能したことを問うためである。戦争劇場は失敗に終わっ たが、合衆国政府が撤退作戦を通じて、救済劇を立ち上げた ことの意味は大きい。それゆえ、本論文は、従来の救済言説 に立脚せず、撤退にまつわる救済がいかにして立ち上がり、 演じられ、表象されたかを「孤児輸送作戦」、難民輸送と中 央情報局職員フランク・スネップの回想録を取り上げて分析 する。 * 佐原 彩子 Lecturer, Kokushikan University, Tokyo and Dokkyo University, Saitama, Japan. 55 Theater of Rescue: Cultural Representations of U.S. Evacuation from Vietnam It wasn’t until months after the fall of Saigon, and much bloodshed, that America conducted a huge relief effort, airlifting more than 100,000 refugees to safety. Tens of thousands were processed at a military base on Guam, far away from the American mainland. President Bill Clinton used the same base to save the lives of nearly 7,000 Kurds in 1996. But if you mention the Guam Option to anyone in Washington today, you either get a blank stare of historical amnesia or hear that “9/11 changed everything.”1 Recently, with the end of the Iraq War, the memory of the evacuation of Vietnamese refugees at the conclusion of the Vietnam War has reemerged as an exceptional rescue effort. This perception resonates with previous studies that consider the admission of the refugees as “providing safe harbor for the boat people.”2 This rescue narrative has been an integral part of U.S. power, justifying its military and political actions. In response, this paper challenges the perception of the U.S. as rescuing allies.
Air Commando JOURNAL Publisher Air Commando Norm Brozenick / info@aircommando.org Editor-in-Chief Association Paul Harmon / info@aircommando.org Managing Editor Air Commando Association Board of Directors Richard Newton Chairman of the Board : Maj Gen Norm Brozenick, USAF (Ret) Senior Editor Scott McIntosh / bookrevieweditor@aircommando.org President: Col Dennis Barnett, USAF (Ret) Contributing Editor Vice President: Ron Dains CMSgt Bill Turner, USAF (Ret) Treasurer: Contributing Editor Col David Mobley, USAF (Ret) Joel Higley Public Affairs/Marketing Director Executive Director: Maj Gen Rich Comer, USAF (Ret) Melissa Gross / melissa@aircommando.org Directors: Graphic Designer CMSgt Tom Baker, USAF (Ret) Jeanette Elliott / jeanette@aircommando.org CMSgt Heather Bueter, USAF (Ret) Col Steve Connelly, USAF (Ret) Lt Col Max Friedauer, USAF (Ret) “The Air Commando Journal... Lt Col Chris Foltz, USAF (Ret) SMSgt Hollis Tompkins, USAF (Ret) Massively Successful! I save all mine.” Additional Positions & Advisors: Lt Gen Marshall “Brad” Webb SES Bill Rone, (Ret) Executive Financial Advisor Former AFSOC Commander Col Jerry Houge, USAF (Ret) Chaplain (Used with permission by Lt Gen Webb) CMSgt Mike Gilbert, USAF (Ret) Attorney Sherri Hayes, GS-15, (Ret) Civilian Advisor Mike Moore, Financial Development Advisor ADVERTISERS IN THIS ISSUE Air Commando Association ......................................................... 52 The Air Commando Journal publication is free to all current members of the Air Commando Association. Anytime Flight Members ............................................................
WALL NOTE FOURTEEN: BILLIE JOE WILLIAMS DANIEL R. ARANT arantdr@hotmail.com DATE OF INFORMATION: 07 OCTOBER 2013 “WHEN THE LEGEND BECOMES FACT, PRINT THE LEGEND.” QUOTED FROM JOHN FORD’S THE MAN WHO SHOT LIBERTY VALANCE STARRING JOHN WAYNE, JAMES STEWART, AND LEE MARVIN. 01. SUMMARY. One of the perennial “tour guide stories” at the Vietnam Veterans Memorial is that two servicemen with the exact same name died on the same day. The name of Billie Joe WILLIAMS is inscribed twice on 01W 094. It may make for an interesting story, maybe similar to both John ADAMS and Thomas JEFFERSON dying on 04 July 1826. Two servicemen named Billie Joe WILLIAMS died during the Viet Nam conflict but not on the same day. PFC Billie Joe WILLIAMS, USMC died on 21 March 1966, the result of the shoot down of a UH-34D Seahorse helicopter. Maj. (posthumous Lt. Col.) Billie Joe WILLIAMS, USAF died on 09 December 1972, the result of the shoot down of a RF-4C Phantom II. PFC WILLIAMS more properly belongs on panel 06E; Lt. Col. WILLIAMS is on the correct panel. I can only assume that an unintended error placed the names together. A. In the spirit of “full disclosure,” I, for a short time, told the “Billie Joe WILLIAMS Story.” But fortunately, a few weeks after I became a volunteer, a visitor’s inquiry “set me straight.” See paragraph 08. B. There are also a Billy Joe WILLIAMS and a Billy WILLIAMS on the Wall. (01) Maj. Billy Joe WILLIAMS, USA. Advisory Team 3, MACV Advisors.
Vietnam War: Saigon Evacuation After Action Report
Vietnam War: Saigon Evacuation After Action Report Summary of the evacuation of Saigon, South Vietnam under Operation Frequent Wind: Operations Analysis Group, report no. 2-75. 16 May 1975 BACM RESEARCH WWW.PAPERLESSARCHIVES.COM Vietnam War: Saigon Evacuation After Action Report Summary of the evacuation of Saigon, South Vietnam under Operation Frequent Wind: Operations Analysis Group, report no. 2-75. On 29 April 1975, Operation Frequent Wind was executed, and 1373 American citizens, 5595 Vietnamese and Third Country Nationals were successfully evacuated by helicopter from the American Embassy Saigon and the DAO compound. Status of events, planning, activation, evacuation operations, lessons learned, and after action reports regarding Operation Frequent Wind are all covered in this document. This 16 May 1975 report was declassified on 31 December 1985. .,. U"CLAS~I~ltU ' . SBHFfHENT'~l HEADQUARTERS OF . THE COMMANDER IN CHIEF· PACIFIC OPERATIONS ANALYSIS GROUP FPO SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 96610 OPERATIONS, ANALYSIS. GROUP REPORT NO. 2-75 SUMMARY OF THE EVACUATION OF SAIGON, SOUTH VIETNAM . UNDER OPERATION FREQUENT WIND(U) by RICHARD D. JOHNSTON Approved by Roy E. Metcalf This working paper presents the findings of CINCPAC , Operation Analysts. It does not necessarily represent the views or policies of the Commander in Chief Pacific, nor should it be interpreted as an official finding. CLASSIFIED B TE SUBJECT TO G U/~1 ~~~ ~I~n SCHEDULE OF AUTOMATICA YEAR INTERV DECLA~SIFIED ON DECEMBER 31. 19815 ~ OD'110 - UrJClASSIFlEO HEADQUARTERS OF THE COMMANDER IN CHIEF PACIFIC OPERATIONS ANALYSIS GROUP FPO SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 96610 \ OPERATIONS ANALYSIS GROUP REPORT NO. 2-75 HISTORICAL SUMMARY OF THE EVACUATION OF SAIGON, SOUTH VIETNAM UNDER OPERATION FREQUENT WIND (U) by RICHARD D.
UC San Diego UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Operations new life/arrivals : U.S. national project to forget the Vietnam War Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8782s7bc Author Sahara, Ayako Publication Date 2009 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Operations New Life/Arrivals: U.S. National Project to Forget the Vietnam War A thesis submitted in partial satisfaction of the Requirements for the degree Master of Arts in Ethnic Studies by Ayako Sahara Committee in charge: Professor Yen Le Espiritu, Chair Professor Denise Ferreira da Silva Professor Lisa Yoneyama 2009 Copyright Ayako Sahara, 2009 All Rights Reserved The thesis of Ayako Sahara is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Chair University of California, San Diego 2009 iii DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my grand mother, mother and sister—Yae Sahara, Akiko Sahara and Maki Kuwano. Your love and support made me to go through. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page……………………………………………………………… iii Dedication………………………………………………………………….. iv Table of Contents…………………………………………………………..... v Acknowledgements……………………………………………………….…. vi Abstract…………………………………………………………………….. viii Introduction
Air Force Women in the Vietnam War By Jeanne M. Holm, Maj. Gen., USAF (Ret) and Sarah P. Wells, Brig. Gen. USAF NC (Ret) At the time of the Vietnam War military women Because women had no military obligation, in the United States Air Force fell into three either legal or implied, all who joined the Air categories:female members of the Air Force Nurse Force during the war were true volunteers in Corps (AFNC) and Bio-medical Science Corps every sense. Most were willing to serve (BSC), all of whom were offlcers. All others, wherever they were needed. But when the first offlcers and en-listed women, were identified as American troops began to deploy to the war in WAF, an acronym (since discarded) that stood for Vietnam, the Air Force had no plans to send its Women in the Air Force. In recognition of the fact military women. It was contemplated that all that all of these women were first and foremost USAF military requirements in SEA would be integral members of the U.S. Air Force, the filled by men, even positions traditionally authors determined that a combined presentation considered “women’s” jobs. This was a curious of their participation in the Vietnam War is decision indeed considering the Army Air appropriate. Corps’ highly successful deployment of thousands of its military women to the Pacific When one recalls the air war in Vietnam, and Southeast Asia Theaters of war during visions of combat pilots and returning World War II. prisoners of war come easily to mind. Rarely do images emerge of the thousands of other When the U.S.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Timmons, Timothy T., 1946- Commanding an Air Force Squadron / Timothy T. Timmons p. cm. "December 1993 ." Includes bibliographical references and index. 1 . United States. Air Force--Officer's handbooks . 2. Command oftroops. I. Title. UG633.T5 3 1993 95-38707 358 .4'133'0973-dc20 CIP ISBN 1-58566-008-6 First Printing December 1993 Second Printing January 1995 Third Printing August 1995 Fourth Printing August 1997 Fifth Printing March 1999 Sixth Printing July 1999 Seventh Printing December 2000 Eighth Printing July 2002 Disclaimer This publication was produced in the Department of Defense school environment in the interest of academic freedom and the advancement of national defense-related concepts. The views expressed in this publication arethose of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the United States government. This publication has been reviewed by security and policy review authorities and is cleared for public release. il 90My Wi fe Linda, My Partner in Life, Whose LOVe and Devotion For Nearly Two Decades Have Inspired Me and Allowed Me to Pursue My Dreams THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Contents Chapter Page DISCLAIMER ..... ......................... .. .. .. .ii FOREWORD . .. .. ix ABOUT THE AUTHOR . xiii PREFACE . .. .. .. ...........xvii INTRODUCTION . .. .. .. .. .. .. ............. .. .. .. .. .xix 1 CRITICAL MONTHS . .. .1 Before Taking Over . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1 The Mission . .. .. .. .. .3 The People . .5 The Chain of Command . .. .. .. .. .. .6 The Base Environment .. .. .7 Getting Started and Setting the Course-The First Three Months . .10 Your Position . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ............. .. .. .10 The Mission . .. .. .. ...... ................. .. .. .. .13 Your People .......................... .. .. .. .. .15 Unit "Health" . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ........... .. .. .. .17 The Wing's Mission ............ .. .. .. .. .19 Setting the Direction .
1. There Are 58395 Names in Total on the Wall. That Includes All Dead
‘Fact Sheet’ - Revision 39B_May 2021 by Allen McCabe, in honor of WWII, Korea and Vietnam Vet & Volunteer Frank Bosch. If you see any errors email me at quotadriven@hotmail.com By the numbers: 1. There are 58,395 names in total on The Wall. That includes all dead and missing, duplicates, corrected spellings, still alive when the Wall was dedicated, and a civilian. 2. There are 58,281 – dead and status unknown - on The Wall. This is the correct answer to a visitor asking how many we lost. This matches the DoD number. 3. The delta of 114 is due to corrected misspellings (69), duplicates (13), and a number of living who should not have been on The Wall (32). 69+13+32=114. 4. There are 732 ‘+’ symbols on The Wall. The ‘+’ symbol on The Wall does NOT mean ‘missing in action’. It was a designation for ‘status unknown’. A diamond is ‘dead’ and a ‘+’ is status unknown…no confirmation of death. There were 1,256 ‘+’ symbols on The Wall at dedication in 1982. 524 ‘+’ symbols have been changed to diamonds, including 3 in 2020. No status changes were made in 2021 – though 2 servicemen were found and indentified – they already had ‘diamonds’. 5. The DoD number for ‘Unaccounted for’ is 1,584 as of Spring 2021. This is 852 more than the number of ‘+’ symbols on the Wall. Someone could be ‘unaccounted for’ on the DoD list and have a diamond on The Wall. Michael Blassie is a good example – Panel 1E, Line 23…always had a diamond but was DoD ‘unaccounted for’.