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What You Need to Know About Mounting Radial Tires on Classic Vehicle Rims
What You Need to Know About Mounting Radial Tires on Classic Vehicle Rims Over the past 100 years, tires, and the wheels that support them, have gone through significant changes as a result of technical innovations in design, technology and materials. No single factor affects the handling and safety of a car’s ride more than the tire and the wheel it is mounted on and how the two work together as a unit. One nagging question that has been the subject of a lot of anecdotal evidence, speculation, and even more widespread rumor is whether rims designed for Bias ply tires can handle the stresses placed on them by Radial ply tires. And the answer is - it depends. It depends on how the rim was originally designed and built as well as whether the rim has few enough cycles on it, and how it has been driven. But most importantly it depends upon the construction of the tire and how it transmits the vehicle's load to where the rubber meets the road. In this paper, we want to educate you on the facts - not the wives tales or just plain bad information - about how Bias and Radial tires differ in working with the rim to provide a safe ride. Why is there a possible rim concern between Radial and Bias Tires? The fitting of radial tires, to wheels and rims originally designed for bias tires, is an application that may result in rim durability issues. Even same-sized bias and radial tires stress a rim differently, despite their nearly identical dimensions. -
1936 Chevrolet Cars Described
1936 CHEVROLET CARS DESCRIBED GENERAL: The doors were now hinged toward the rear: no more "suicide" style front doors. Steel disc wheels were used this year A 14- gallon fuel tank was now used on all Chevrolets. In mid-year, steel spoke wheels were adopted for all models. CHEVROLET — STANDARD — SERIES FC — SIX: The Standard series Chevrolets adopted the all-steel Fisher Body with "Turret Top" styling. They had more rounded front fenders and radiator grilles and shells. A split front windshield (as was used on 1935 Master DeLuxes) was new. The number of horizontal hood louvers was reduced to two. with the top ones being longer. Rear fenders were skirted and more streamlined. Standard Models did not use the “Knee Action” independent front suspension. MASTER DELUXE - SERIES FD/FA - SIX: A thicker. rounder radiator shell characterized cars in the Master DeLuxe line. The grille was also larger and more rounded at the top. more pointed at the bottom. A lower hood ornament had its wings pointing back horizontally. The FD designation was for cars without coil spring front suspension; the FA designation was for cars with this feature. There were still no open cars in the Master DeLuxe series. Note: Master DeLuxe Models with "Knee Action" were designated FA models. They cost $20 more and weighed 30 pounds more. Production of FD and FA models was lumped together as a single total. Innovations: Hydraulic brakes introduced for Chevrolets. The Cabriolet was reintroduced in Standard (FC) series. Box-girder frame on Standard models. Early Standard Series had composite wood/steel doors. -
Get to Know Guide
Review this Quick Reference Guide for an overview of some important features in your Chevrolet Corvette. More detailed information can be found in your Owner Manual. Some optional equipment✦ described in this guide may not be included in your vehicle. For easy reference, keep this guide with your Owner Manual in your glove box. ✦ denotes optional equipment www.chevrolet.com INSTRUMENT PANEL Turn Signal Lever/ Driver Head-Up Display Exterior Lamps Control/ Windshield Information Controls✦ Cruise Control Wipers Lever Center Controls Power Fuel Door Release Bluetooth Tilt Steering Telescopic Audio Steering Start/Stop Folding Top Button/Hatch-Trunk Controls✦ Wheel Steering Wheel Wheel Button Button✦ Release Button Lever Button✦ Controls Symbols Fog Lamps Check Engine Antilock Brake System Warning Lights On Low Tire Pressure Safety Belt Reminder Security Brake System Warning 1 to 4 Shift Airbag Readiness (manual Active Handling/ transmission) Traction Control Off 2 Hazard Warning Audio System/ Automatic Climate Flashers Button Navigation System✦ Controls Active Driver’s Passenger’s Handling Heated Seat Heated Seat System Button Control✦ Control✦ Note: Refer to your Owner Manual to learn about the information being relayed by the lights and gauges of the instrument cluster, as well as what to do to ensure safety and prevent damage to your vehicle. See Instruments and Controls in your Owner Manual. 3 KEYLESS ACCESS SYSTEM The Keyless Access System enables operation of the doors, ignition and hatch/trunk without removing the transmitter from a pocket or purse. The system will recognize the transmitter when it is within 3 feet of the vehicle. Entering the Vehicle • With the transmitter within range of the vehicle, press the pad (A) at the rear edge of each door to unlock and open the door. -
Tire Disposal
Lorain County Scrap Tire Collection Sites A Free Service for Residents of Lorain County Tires May Be Dropped-off at any of the Following Locations, During the Times and Days Listed County Collection Center – 12 PM - 4 PM Mon. & 12PM - 6PM Wed. 9 AM - 3 PM Saturdays 540 South Abbe Rd., Elyria (between Taylor St. and E. Broad St.) During Open Hours, Staff Members are Available to Assist with Unloading Lorain City Service Garage– 9 AM to 1 PM, Tuesdays & Thursdays 114 East 35th Street (Corner of Broadway & East 35th St.) During Open Hours, Staff Members are Available to Assist with Unloading Grafton Township Hall – 9 AM to 1 PM, Tuesdays & Saturdays 17109 Avon-Belden Rd. (Corner of State Routes 83 and 303) During Open Hours, Staff Members are Available to Assist with Unloading The Following Rules Apply To All Sites, At All Times: Driver’s License or other acceptable proof of residency is required Tire Collections Are Provided For the Use of Lorain County Residents Only Tires May Be On-The-Rim or Off-The-Rim NOTE: By State Law, You May Not Transport More Than 10 (Ten) Scrap Tires at One Time without a Special License Acceptable – Small Equipment/Passenger Car/SUV/Minivan/Non-Commercial Van & Pickup Truck Tires -Up To 20” Rim Diameter, And All Bicycle/Motorcycle Tires Not Acceptable – Racing Tires, Semi-Truck and Trailer Tires, Farm Equipment Tires, and AnyTires Resulting From the Operation of a Commercial Business or Farm Drop-off of tires at any times other than those listed is strictly prohibited; all sites are under video surveillance; violators will be prosecuted Scrap Tire Collections Are Provided To The Residents Of Lorain County By: The Lorain County Solid Waste Management District Information Line: 440-329-5440 Website: www.loraincounty.us/solidwaste Flyer-TireSites-May 14 2018.doc Page 1 of 1 5/14/2018 - 3:40:40 PM . -
Giti Comfort and Giti Control Run Flat Tires
Giti Comfort and Giti Control Run Flat Tires Giti’s new Run Flat tires drive comfortably at normal air pressure and offer extended mobility at zero inflation pressure for up to 80 kilometers at speeds of up to 80 kmh. The special support ring and reinforced bead allow the tire’s sidewall to carry the weight of SELF-SUPPORTING SIDEWALL DESIGN the vehicle during a pressure loss event. Optimized supports the vehicle after a loss of use of materials decreases the size of the support air pressure, allowing the tire to ring reducing sidewall stiffness and improving ride function and the vehicle to continue on the road. comfort. Micro grooves on the tread maximize biting edges for excellent wet and dry grip. Giti Run Flat tires provide you the security of never being stranded by a flat tire, without sacrificing tire performance. P80 P80 P80 P80 P80 288 288P80 288P80 288P80 P80288 P80 229 229288 229288P80 229288P80 288229P80 P80288 P80 Ultra High Performance Performance Summer Run Flat Ultra High Performance All Season Run Flat with enhanced tread stiffness Summer Run Flat with specialized tread compound for inspired handling with premier ride quality for excellent wet grip 229 229288and low road noise 229288 229288 288229 288 Rim Size: 17 - 18 “ Rim Size: 17 - 20 “ 229Rim Size: 18 - 19 “ 229 229 229 229 Aspect Ratio: 45 -55 Aspect Ratio: 35-55 Aspect Ratio: 50 -55 Speed Rating: W Speed Rating: V, W, Y Speed Rating: V, W P80 P80 P80 P80 P80 288 288P80 288P80 288P80 P80288 P80 229 229288 229288P80 229288P80 288229P80 P80288 P80 288 288 229288 288229 288 Measuring Rim Width 229Max. -
Tire Pressure Monitoring System
accident. Your tires will perform better and more safely reprogrammed. So when you start so see the cost when proper tire pressure is maintained. of tire changes, flat repairs and rotations going up, Law-makers and vehicle manufacturers advo- please keep in mind that it’s because of this new cate TPMS systems hoping that they will save lives, safety equipment. property damage and inconvenience. While you can’t put a value on saving a life, keep in mind that TPMS systems will carry a cost. The systems themselves are added into the price of the car. The batteries in the sensors will fail and parts will break over time and need to be replaced. In colder climates around Western NY, ice and salt are frequent causes of TPMS failures. In addition, there are other behind-the-scenes costs to be aware of. Every time a tire is replaced, repaired, rotated or balanced, the tire technician has to deal with the TPMS system. Your service center must purchase equipment used to scan and reactivate the TPMS system after every Tire Pressure tire service. Because older tire change equipment can Taking the place of $1.49 rubber valve stems damage TPMS sensors, your service center may need to of the past is the tire pressure monitor sensor. The buy expensive, new tire changers. Since there is no replacement of these sensors can cost from $79.95 – Monitoring System uniformity among manufacturers, technicians need to be $149.95 per sensor. Over time, these sensors are trained on several TPMS systems. These behind-the- subject to corrosion and may require replacement. -
Chassis Control
CHASSIS CONTROL MASAHARU SATOU DEPUTY GENERAL MANAGER VEHICLE DYNAMICS ENGINEERING GROUP INFINITI PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE of INFINITI Q50 In control ( Precise handling & Small correction ) . DAS ( Most advanced steering system in the world ) . Stiffer chassis ( Body & Suspension ) . Good aerodynamics Cl ( zero lift ) . Tire improvement . Enhancing good fuel economy . Improved thanks to initial media feedback STIFFER CHASSIS FOR BETTER HANDL ING . 60% Improvement in front end bending stiffness from previous model FR BODY BENDING DASH/COWL TOP STIFFNESS panel Reinforcement G sedan Q50 60% Stiffness G sedan Smooth section to Q50 SILL/FR FLOOR support circular structure Reinforcement FR END Circular structure HIGH TENSIL E STEEL . First use of 1.2G High Elongation and High Tensile Steel . W eight reduction of 13 pounds . Provides lower profile structure and additional headroom . Increases body stiffness Hot Press 1.2GPa 980MPa 1.2G High Tensile Steel 780MPa W orld first for automotive 590MPa NEW MUL TI-L INK REAR SUSPENSION . New geometry & structure . Camber stiffness 8% improve . Reduced road noise AERODYNAMICS . Infiniti Q50 has zero aerodynamic lift at the front and rear Rear lift . Accomplished without front and rear spoilers ★ Competitor A . Early collaboration with design ★ ★ Competitor B and engineering team ★ Competitor C Competitor D ★ Q50 Front ZeroLift Rear Zero Lift Front lift AERODYNAMICS . Drag coefficient is 0.26 Cd . This contributes to improved fuel economy Drag (Cd) Better Infiniti Q50 0.26 BMW3 (11MY) 0.27 BMW3 (12MY) 0.26 Mercedes Benz C 0.27 Audi A4 0.28 L exus IS (12MY) 0.31 OTHER HANDL ING UPGRADES 3rd Gen. run-flat tire Upgraded double- Reduced Good grip wishbone front suspension unsprung weight Low RRC DIRECTOR OF PERFORMANCE INFINITI Q50 CHASSIS BENEFITS . -
APS57TM Remote Start / Keyless System
VehicleAPS57TM Remote Start / Keyless System Installation and Reference Guide Thank you for trusting Prestige products! If you are a consumer, please note: Professional installation is strongly recommended. This manual assumes the installer has adequate knowledge of the following expertise. Therefore, it does not cover these topics in detail: • 12-volt electronics • Testing and verifying circuits • Making safe and lasting wiring connections • Factory ignition, power, lighting, data bus and sensing systems • Factory systems and components to avoid • Safe wire routing, circuit protection and product placement • Access to vehicle-specific technical information In addition, this manual assumes the installer has theproper tools, skill and facilities to perform a professional installation. Performing an improper installation could result in damage to the vehicle or its components, improper system function, unsafe vehicle operation or physical injury.Such instances would not be covered by the vehicle manufacturer's warranty, nor by Voxx Electronics, Inc. Detailed Descriptions Quick Reference 2 Wire Harness Colors and Functions 15 System Programming 2 Power Connector 15 Programming Mode Entry / Exit 3 Notification Connector 16 Feature Bank Options 4 Input / Output Connector 17 Data Port Protocol 17 Tach Function 6 External Components 17 Alarm Override 6 RF Antenna Kit 18 Silent Lock and Unlock 6 Data Bus Interface (DBI) 18 User Selectable LED 6 Telematics 6 Weblink Programming 18 System Diagnostics 18 Troubleshooting Remote Start 7 Setup Options 7 Remote Programming 19 Wiring Diagrams 8 Keyless Control 19 Door Lock Connections 10 Remote Start Control 22 Full System Connections 14 System Operation 14 Remote Operation 2020 Voxx Electronics Corporation. All rights reserved. -
Effec Tive 7/16/2020
EFFEC TIVE 7/16/2020 In addition to the valuable warranty information you will find herein we encourage you to visit the Continental Tire the Americas, LLC (“CTA”) website at www. continentaltire.com (US) and www.continentaltire.ca (Canada) for safety and maintenance information and up-to-date changes, including a Customer Care FAQ tab with downloadable brochures. Please also visit the Rubber Manufacturer Association (RMA) website at www.rma.org for additional safety and maintenance information. THE TOTAL CONFIDENCE PLAN IS NOT A WARRANTY THAT THE TIRE WILL NOT FAIL OR BECOME UNSERVICABLE IF NEGLECTED OR MISTREATED. The purchase of Continental brand tires provides an extra measure of confidence with the support of the Total Confidence Plan. The Total Confidence Plan is a comprehensive package of all available warranties and services including: Limited Warranty, Flat Tire Roadside Assistance, Customer Satisfaction Trial, Mileage Warranty (if applicable) and Road Hazard Coverage. 2 2 1. ELIGIBILITY The Total Confidence Plan applies to the original owner of new Continental brand passenger and light truck (LT) tires that are (a) new replacement market tires bearing the Continental brand name and D.O.T. Tire Identification Number, (b) operated in normal service, (c) used on the same vehicle on which they were originally installed according to the vehicle manufacturer’s recommendations and (d) purchased from an authorized Continental brand tire dealer. Tires used in competition are not eligible for any coverage under this Total Confidence Plan. Additionally, tires used in commercial service including, but not limited to, taxicabs, police cars, emergency vehicles, non- passenger service vehicles are not eligible for the extra coverage set forth in Section 3 of this Total Confidence Plan. -
The New Zealand & Australian Experience with Central Tyre Inflation
TheThe NewNew ZealandZealand && AustralianAustralian ExperienceExperience withwith CentralCentral TyreTyre InflationInflation Neil Wylie Innovative Transport Equipment Ltd Log Transport Safety Council Tyre Development • 1846 – Robert William Thomson invented and patented the pneumatic tire • 1888 – First commercial pneumatic bicycle tire produced by Dunlop • 1889 – John Boyd Dunlop patented the pneumatic tire in the UK • 1890 – Dunlop, and William Harvey Du Cros began production of pneumatic tires in Ireland • 1890 – Bartlett Clincher rim introduced • 1891 – Dunlop's patent invalidated in favor of Thomson’s patent • 1892 – Beaded edge tires introduced in the U.S. • 1894 – E.J. Pennington invents the first balloon tire • 1895 – Michelin introduced pneumatic automobile tires • 1898 – Schrader valve stem patented • 1900 – Cord Tires introduced by Palmer (England) and BFGoodrich (U.S.) • 1903 – Goodyear Tire Company patented the first tubeless tire, however it was not introduced until 1954 • 1904 – Goodyear and Firestone started producing cord reinforced tires • 1904 – Mountable rims were introduced that allowed drivers to fix their own flats • 1908 – Frank Seiberling invented grooved tires with improved road traction • 1910 – BFGoodrich Company invented longer life tires by adding carbon black to the rubber • 1919 – Goodyear and Dunlop announced pneumatic truck tires[2] • 1938 – Goodyear introduced the rayon cord tire • 1940 – BFGoodrich introduced the first commercial synthetic rubber tire • 1946 – Michelin introduced the radial tire • -
Information on Tire Radial Force Variation (RFV)
Information on Tire Radial Force Variation (RFV) 2019 and Prior GM Passenger Cars and Light Duty Trucks This Bulletin also applies to any of the above models that may be Export from North America vehicles. This Bulletin has been revised to add the 2018 and 2019 Model Year. Please discard Corporate Bulletin Number 00-03-10-006M. Important Before measuring tires on GM approved tire force variation measurement equipment, the vehicle MUST be driven a minimum of 24 km (15 mi) to ensure removal of any flat-spotting. Refer to the latest version of Corporate Bulletin Number 03-03-10-007: Tire/Wheel Characteristics of GM Original Equipment Tires. GM approved tire force variation measurement equipment MUST be calibrated prior to measuring tire/wheel assemblies for each vehicle. Note If the equipment being used is capable of performing a centering check, the centering check must be completed before taking measurements of balance or RFV. The purpose of this bulletin is to provide guidance to GM dealers when using GM approved tire force variation measurement equipment. This type of equipment can be a valuable tool in diagnosing vehicle ride concerns. The most common ride concern involving tire radial force variation is highway speed (105-115 km/h (65-70 mph) shake on smooth roads. Tire related smooth road highway speed shake can be caused by three conditions: imbalance, out of round and tire force variation. These three conditions are not necessarily related. All three conditions must be addressed. Imbalance is normally addressed first, because it is the simplest of the three to correct. -
Instructions Warning Procedures
Name ________________________________________________________ Date _________________ Instructor _____________________________________________________ Period ________________ Project 1: Job 2—Identify and Interpret Vehicle Numbers After completing this job, you will be able to locate and interpret vehicle and vehicle subassembly numbers. Instructions As you read the job instructions, answer the questions and perform the tasks. Print your answers neatly and use complete sentences. Consult the proper service literature and ask your instructor for help as needed. Warning Before performing this job, review all pertinent safety information in the text and discuss safety procedures with your instructor. Procedures 1. Obtain a vehicle to be used in this job. Your instructor may specify one or more vehicles to be used. Locate the Vehicle Identifi cation Number (VIN), Emissions Certifi cation Label, and Refrigerant Identifi cation Label 1. Locate the vehicle identifi cation number (VIN). On all vehicles built after 1968, the VIN will be visible in the lower driver’s side corner of the windshield, Figure 2-1. On most vehicles built before 1968, the VIN will be located in the driver’s side front door jamb, Figure 2-2. Write the VIN here: _____________________________________________________________ Figure 2-1. On all vehicles made after 1968, the VIN is located on the driver’s side of the dashboard, where it can be clearly seen through the windshield. VIN Figure 2-2. The VIN on this older vehicle is installed inside the driver’s side door jamb. VIN Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. 23 Proj01 Jobs01-05.indd 23 7/7/2014 11:09:40 AM Project 1: Job 2—Identify and Interpret Vehicle Numbers (continued) 2.