Wylfa Newydd Project
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ENERGY WORKING FOR BRITAIN FOR WORKING ENERGY Wylfa Newydd Project 6.4.75 ES Volume D - WNDA Development App D11-4 - Wylfa Newydd Proposed New Nuclear Power Station Assessment of the significance of Cestyll (Grade II) Registered Historic Park and Gardens Final Report PINS Reference Number: EN010007 Application Reference Number: 6.4.75 June 2018 Revision 1.0 Regulation Number: 5(2)(a) Planning Act 2008 Infrastructure Planning (Applications: Prescribed Forms and Procedure) Regulations 2009 Horizon Internal DCRM Number: WN0902-JAC-PAC-APP-00084 [This page is intentionally blank] 1319 Wylfa Newydd Proposed New Nuclear Power Station Assessment of the Significance of Cestyll (Grade II) Registered Historic Park and Gardens (GD45) Final Report Ymddiriedolaeth Archaeolegol Gwynedd Gwynedd Archaeological Trust Assessment of the Significance of Cestyll (Grade II) Registered Historic Park and Gardens (GD45) Final Report Project No. G2096 Report No. 1319 Prepared for: Jacobs UK Ltd. Cyhoeddwyd gan Ymddiriedolaeth Achaeolegol Gwynedd Ymddiriedolaeth Archaeolegol Gwynedd Craig Beuno, Ffordd y Garth, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2RT Published by Gwynedd Archaeological Trust Gwynedd Archaeological Trust Craig Beuno, Garth Road, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2RT Cadeiryddes/Chair - Yr Athro/Professor Nancy Edwards, B.A., PhD, F.S.A. Prif Archaeolegydd/Chief Archaeologist - Andrew Davidson, B.A., M.I.F.A. Mae Ymddiriedolaeth Archaeolegol Gwynedd yn Gwmni Cyfyngedig (Ref Cof. 1180515) ac yn Elusen (Rhif Cof. 508849) Gwynedd Archaeological Trust is both a Limited Company (Reg No. 1180515) and a Charity (reg No. 508849) Contents Contents.................................................................................................................................. 1 List of Plates ........................................................................................................................... 4 SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................. 8 1.0 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 9 1.1Background...............................................................................................................................9 1.2Purposeofthisreport...............................................................................................................9 3.0 RESULTS OF THE DESK BASED ASSESSMENT ......................................................... 11 3.1HistoricalBackground.............................................................................................................11 4.0 SURVEY RESULTS ........................................................................................................ 18 4.1 Methodology.............................................................................................................................18 4.2 The Valley Garden...................................................................................................................19 4.2.1Setting..................................................................................................................................19 4.2.2Design...................................................................................................................................19 4.2.3Aspect...................................................................................................................................21 4.2.4Planting................................................................................................................................21 4.2.5Structure..............................................................................................................................22 4.3 The Kitchen Garden ........................................................................................................ 26 4.3.1Setting..................................................................................................................................26 4.3.2Design...................................................................................................................................26 4.3.3Planting................................................................................................................................27 4.3.4Structure..............................................................................................................................31 4.4 The house plot..........................................................................................................................32 4.4.1Setting..................................................................................................................................32 4.4.2Design...................................................................................................................................32 4.4.3Planting................................................................................................................................32 4.4.4Structure..............................................................................................................................32 5.0 ASSESSMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE ............................................................................... 33 5.1DefinitionofHeritage..............................................................................................................33 5.2HeritageValuesforCestyllGarden.........................................................................................33 5.2.1ValleyGarden.......................................................................................................................33 5.2.2KitchenGarden.....................................................................................................................35 5.2.3Thehouseplot.....................................................................................................................37 6.0 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE .................................................................................. 38 7.0 Conclusions .................................................................................................................... 40 1 8.0 BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................................... 41 8.1 Primary Sources ................................................................................................................. 41 8.2 Secondary Sources ............................................................................................................ 41 Appendix I – Reproduction of Cadw Register entry for Cestyll Garden ................................ 44 Appendix II – Cestyll Garden, Autumn Survey; Fruit Sampling and Storage Strategy .......... 45 Appendix III – Planting Areas of the valley garden .............................................................. 46 Appendix IV – Plant Inventory for the valley garden ............................................................ 47 Appendix V – Plant Inventory for the kitchen garden ........................................................... 48 Appendix VI – Photo metadata............................................................................................ 49 Appendix VII – Baseline soil survey report for Cestyll Garden ............................................. 50 Tables Table 1: Fruit Tree Survey Results. List of Figures Figure 1: The location and extents of Cestyll valley and kitchen garden; Figure 2: Significant views and essential setting of Cestyll; Figure 3: Tithe Map of Llanfechell 1842 (NLW) with the additional study area outlined in red; Figure 4: Ordnance Survey Map County Series First Edition 1889; Figure 5: Ordnance Survey Map County Series Second Edition 1900; Figure 6: Ordnance Survey Map County Series Third Edition 1924; Figure 7: Valley garden planting areas A-V (after CEGB, 1985, Appendix 5); Figure 8: Valley garden notable plants (after CEGB, 1985, Appendix 5); Figure 9: Valley garden location plan of bridges (after CEGB, 1985, Appendix 5); Figure 10 Valley garden location of memorials and structures (after CEGB, 1985, Appendix 5); Figure 11: Kitchen garden notable plants and structures; Figure 12: Wylfa Estate as depicted on the Second Edition 25” to the mile County Series Ordnance Survey Map of 1900; 2 Figure 14: The Presaddfed Estate as depicted on the First Edition 25” to the mile County Series Ordnance Survey Map of 1889; Figure 15: Valley garden location plan of apple trees (after CEGB, 1985, Appendix 5). 3 List of Plates Plate 1: The Gardener’s cottage at Cestyll photographed as part of a survey of the property undertaken by GAT in 2013, prior to its demolition. View from the south east; Plate 2: Portrait of Violet Vivian with a dog in the valley garden at Cestyll in September 1931. View from the south (RCIN 2304968). Royal Collection Trust/@ Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II 2016; Plate 3: View of Cestyll garden showing the diverted mill race running down through the western lawn, with Felin Cafnan beyond. Photograph dated Sep 1931. View from the east (RCIN 2304966). Royal Collection Trust/@ Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II 2016; Plate 4: Wylfa Headland. Vertical Aerial Photography 1948; Plate 5: Photograph of view of Cestyll garden from south west side, rock escarpment looking north west (RCIN 2304969). Royal Collection Trust/@ Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II 2016; Plate 6: Aerial photograph of Cestyll house and kitchen garden dated