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Home , Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi (philosopher), Guan Xing, Jia Yi, Jing zuo, Ji Yan (Three Kingdoms)

CHINESE GLOSSARY

an

Bai Ju Bao Zi - Nei Pian Bao Shu Ya ba yu jiao Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang ben cao Ben Cao Gang Mu Ben Cao Yi bi guan bian tong bie Bo Yi bu yi

cang chang sheng bu Chen Cang Chen Cun Chen Guang Lei Chen Liang Chen Liang Ji Chen Qian Chu Xian Sheng Mu Ming

Chen Que Chen Hua Cheng-Chung Shu Chu Cheng I Cheng Shu

Ruiping Fan (ed.), Confucian Bioethics, 285-291. © 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in Great Britain. 286 CHINESE GLOSSARY

Cheng Ying Cheng-Zhu Chou Chu Ji Zhu Chuang Tzu (Zhuang Zi) Chuang Tzu (Zhuang Zi) Chun Qiu Fan Lu Chun Qiu Fan Lu -Xun Tian Zhi Dao

ci

Da Kuang Da Lu - Ming Li da da tong Da Xue Da Zheng Xiu Da Zang

dao () dao bu yuan dao jia dao li dao xue dao yi de de xing Diao Fu dong Dong Zhong Shu Du Si Shu Da Chuan Shuo DuanWu Du Shu

Er Ya

fan guan CHINESE GLOSSARY 287

Fan Li Sao feng, han, shu, shi, zao, huo Fu Lei fu zuo Fun You-lan Gao Seng Zhuan Ge Hong ge wu, zhi zhi, , zheng xin, xiu , qi jia, zhi guo, ping tian xia Gong Ting Xian gu dai zhong guo ren de jia zhi guan: Jia zhi qu xiang de chong tu ji qi jie xiao

Gu Yan Wu Gu Zhu guan xing Guan Zi Guan Zi - Nei Ye Pian gui shen Guo Dai Dong Han Han Xue Yan Jiu Zhong Xin he He Xian Ming Hua Shan Wen Yi Hua Wen Shu Ju Hua Zhong Li Gong Da Xue Huang Di Nei Jing Su Wen Huang Jun Jie Huang Ru Cheng Mo 288 CHINESE GLOSSARY

Huang Zi Ping Huang Zong Xi

jen (ren) Jia Yi Jiao Xun jie cao jie lie jinga jingb jingc Jiu Juan You Lu jue ming ci jun zi

ke ji

Lao She zhi si Lao Tzu (Lao Zi) Lao Tzu () Lao Zi (Lao Tzu) LaoZi (Lao Tzu)

lia lib Li Bai Li Ji Li Ji - Li Shi Zhen li xue li yi fen shu liang jiao yang Liang Ju Chuan Liang Qi chao liao ning jiao yu CHINESE GLOSSARY 289

Lin Yu-sheng Lin Yu-tang Lin Yuan Hui Ling Shu - Zhong Shi Liu Qiu Liu Zong Zhou Lu Ming Fang Lu Xi Zhe lun fo jiao de zi sha guan Lun Yu Ji Shi Luo Ji Zu mai shen mai de qian nian ming: lun zhong guo ren de zi sha yu min yu

Mencius (Meng Zi) (Meng Zi) Meng Zi (Mencius) Meng Zi (Mencius) Meng Zi ming ming fen ming mu

neng yang pin mu

qi (Qi) qian gu jian nan wei yi si: tan ji bu xie lao she, fu lei zhi si de xiao shuo

Qian Jin Fang (Qigong) qi jie Qi Lin Chu Ban She qi xiang qi zhi Qin 290 CHINESE GLOSSARY

qin qin qin Qing Qinga qingb Qing Hua Da Xue qing qi qing xin quan qun qing sheng Qu Yuan Qu Yuan Wen Ti Lun Zheng Shi Gao

ren (jen) Ren An ren de Ren Min Chu Ban She Ren Min Wen Xue Ri Zhi Lu Ri Zhi Shi ru ru jia

san bu xiu san min sha shen cheng ren sha shen qiu ren Shanghai Ci Shu Chu Ban She

Shanghai Shu Ju Shanghai Wen Hua Chu Ban She

Shanghai Wen Xue Shao Hu CHINESE GLOSSARY 291

Shao Yong she shen shena shenb Shen Nong Ben Cao Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing shen bu you ji shen ti li xing shen xin jiao cui sheng Shenyang Sheng Ji Zong Lu shi Shi Dao Xuan Shi Heng Qing Jiao Shi Ji: San Huang Bu Ji shi jie Shi Qi shi yu you zheng Shi Yue Wen Yi Chu Ban She

Shi Zan Ning Shijiazhuang shou zu shu Shuo Zhong Hua Min Zu Zhi Hua Guo Piao Ling

Si Bu Bei Yao si: gei " wen ge" Si Ma Zhen Si Shu Zhang Ju Zhu si jian si jie Si Jie Lun Si Ma Qian 292 CHINESE GLOSSARY

Si Wang Zhi Si Wang Zhi Shi

si yu Song Gao Seng Zhuan Song Jian Song Shi Song Yuan Xue An - Heng Pu Xue An

Song Yuan Xue An - Heng Q Xue An Song Yuan Xue An - Hui Weng Xue An Shang

Song Yuan Xue An - Shuo Zhai Xue An

Song Yuan Xue An - Ying Yang Xue An

Su Shu Yang Su Wen - Ba Zheng Shen Ming Lun Pian Su Wen -Shang Gu Tian Zhen Lun Pian

Su Wen -Si Qi Tiao Shen Da Lun-Pian

Su Wen - Tiao Jing Lun Pian Sun Si Miao

Tai Tai Da Zhe Xue Lun Ping Tai Gong tai ji Taipei Taiwan Shang Wu Yin Shu Guan

Tag Tang Jun Yi Tang Lu Shu Yi -Dou Song CHINESE GLOSSARY 293

Tang Lu Shu Yi - Zhi Zhi Tang Zhong You tao (dao) tia tib ti cha ti hui ti ren ti ren ti xing tian tian di tian ming tian nian tian ren he yi tian xia Tong Jian Gang Mu Tu Wei-Ming

Wai Tai Mi Yao Wan Li Wan Li Shu Dian Wan wu wan wu jie bei yu wo Wan You Wen Ku Wang Chuan Shan Zhi Wang Guo Wei Wang Guo Wei Zhi Si Wang Jing An Xian Sheng Mu Qian Dao Ci

Wang Shen Pian Wang Tao Wang Wen Cheng Gong Quan Shu

Wang Yang Ming Wang Zeng Qi 294 CHINESE GLOSSARY

wen Wen Tian Xiang Wen Yuan Ge Si Ku Quan Shu

wo wu wu chang wu gu Wu Guang Ming wu lun Wu Qiu wu se wu sheng wu ti wu wei wu wei er zhi wu xing Wuchang xi, nu, ai, le, bei, kong, jing Xi Bo xiang rou xiao Xiao Bai Xiao Jing xiao ren xiao ti xina xin b Xin Chou Yan He Zou Za E xin Xing Xing cha xing qi dao xiu CHINESE GLOSSARY 295 xiu shen xua xub xu lao xu ruo xu sun Xue Gao Seng Zhuan xue lin xun xun dao xun fu xun guo xun jie xun jun xun qing xun si xun zang xun zhu Xun Zi

Yan Xin Yan Yuan Yanga yangb yang kou ti yang ling yang xing Yang Xiong yang zhi Ye Shi yia yib Yi Shen Pian yi shen shi yin yin mao Yin Wen 296 CHINESE GLOSSARY

yin yang yin bing yong You Yang Za Zu Yuan Zeng Shen Zeng Xi Zeng Yuan Zhang Jiu Cheng zhang San Xi zheng ming Zheng xiao Jiang zhia zhib zhi shan zhi xing he yi zhonga zhongb Zhong Guo Gu Da Ming Ju Ci Dian Zhong Guo Ren De Jia Zhi Guin Guo Tao Hui Lun Wen Ji Zhong Guo Ren De Si WangXin Tai Zhong Wang Zhi Hui Zhong Guo Wen Hua Yu Shi Jie Zhong Guo Wen Zhe Yan Jiu Ji Kan zhong he Zhong Hua Shu Ju zhong yong Zhong Yong Zhang Ju Zhu Zhoua Zhoub CHINESE GLOSSARY 297

Zhou Dun Yi zhu lin Zhu Wen Gong Wen Ji Zhu Zi Ji Cheng Zhu Zi Yu Lei Zhuang Zi (Chuang Tzu) Zhuang Zi (Chuang Tzu) Zhuang Zi Jie zi cai zi de Zi Gong zi jin zi jing Zi Lu zi qiang zi shi Zuo Zhuan Zuo Qiu Ming NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS

Ronald A. Carson, Ph.D., is Director and Harris L. Kempner Professor at Institute for the Medical Humanities, the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA.

Xunwu Chen, Ph.D., is Assistant Professor in the Division of English, Classics, Philosophy and Communication, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, USA.

Ruiping Fan, Ph.D., is Co-Managing Editor of The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy, Center for Medical and Health Policy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA.

Edwin Hui, Ph.D., is Associate Professor of Medical Ethics and Spiritual Theology and Associate Dean in charge of the Chinese Studies Program, Regent College, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

George Khushf, Ph.D., is Assistant Professor in the Department of Philosophy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, USA.

Ping-Cheung Lo, Ph.D., is Associate Professor in the Department of Religion and Philosophy and Research Fellow of the Centre for Applied Ethics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong.

Peimin Ni, Ph.D., is Associate Professor in the Department of Philosophy, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, USA.

Jing-Bao Nie, Ph.D., is Post-doctoral Fellow at the Center for Bioethics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.

Qingjie Wang, Ph.D., is Assistant Professor in the Department of Philosophy at Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA.

Ellen Zhang, Ph.D., is Assistant Professor in the Department of Religion, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA.

Ruiping Fan (ed.), Confucian Bioethics, 299. © 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in Great Britain. INDEX OF CHINESE TERMS

ai (sadness) 30, 40 jie (moral integrity) 76 an (feeling at ease) 247 jiecao 96n 1 3 jielie 96n13 bei (grief) 30 jinga (respect) 243 bencao (Chinese pharmacology) 177 jingb (quiescence) 61 bi guan (isolating oneself 52 jingc (classics) 228 bian tung (flexibility) 229 jing zuo (quiet sitting) 52 bie (function) 275 jun zi (gentleman) 9,3 1, 53, 73, 80, 187- bu yi (non-righteousness) 249 188,244

cang (hiding away) 55 ke ji (overcoming the self) 31 (sincere thoughts and intentions) kong (fear) 30 28, 29, 31, 36, 40 cheng (sincerity) 58 le (pleasure) 30 ci (kindness) 275 li 282n16 lia (principle) 51, 57-58, 61-62, 188-189, da tong (Great Harmony) 25 1 192-194,203 Dao (the Way) 37, 45-46, 50-51, 55, 57, lib (following traditional rites) 6, 34-36, 59, 61-63, 64n1, 187, 192,222,228, 143, 149, 152-153,158, 194 255n35 li xue (principle of ) 60-62, 64nl daoti (embodiment of the Dao) 59 liang zhi (good knowledge) 60 Datong (Grand Union) 151, 161n8 lixue (learning of the principle) 64n6, 64n8 de lixue School 48 (cultivation of morality) 45 lun (human relationship) 192 (virtue) 193,274 de xing (moral practice) 57 ming fen (name distinction) 152 dong (movement) 61 ming mu (closing one's eyes) 52 mu 282n16 fan guan (reflective perception) 49 fangshi (magicians) 178 neng yang (care of parents) 242 feng (wind) 30 nu (anger) 30 feng gu (integrity) 5 1 fu zuo (cross-legged sitting) 52 ping tian xia (bring peace to the world) 28

ge wu (investigate things) 28, 58 qi guan xing (self-awareness) 49 (vital energy) 8-10, 13, 31, 33, 35-38, gui shen (ghosts and spirits) 55 43n5-6, 46, 52, 55, 61, 142-143, 161n3, 182, 190-191,203 han (cold) 30 (field) 39-40 he (harmonious fit) 51, 53-54 (instrument) 59, 61 huo (fire) 30 qi jia (regulate the family) 28

Ruiping Fan (ed. ), Confucian Bioethics, 301-303. © 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in Great Britain. 302 INDEX OF CHINESE TERMS

qi xiang (the qi outlook) 37 ti hui (to experience through body) 57 qi zhi (temperament) 37 ti ren (to comprehend throught the body) 57 qian-kun (Heaven-Earth) 48 ti yan (to verify through the body) 57 qigong (qi exercize) 39, 41 tian (transcendent Heaven) 139-141,275, qijie (integrity) 76, 96n13 282n13 qin (affection) 275 tian di (Heaven-Earth) 46 qing qi (pure breath) 5 1 tian xia (whole world) 30 qing xin (pure mind) 5 1 tianming (Heaven's Destiny) 138-140 qingsheng 96n1 1 tiannen (Heaven's year) 141 quan (expediency or flexibility) 109- tiao xi (breath control) 52 11 1,228-230 tixu (weak constitution) 184 qun (one's surrounding community) 248 wan wu (myriad things) 46 ren (practicing humanity or wo (personal self) 248 benevolence) 6, 8, 10-11, 15-17, 21, wu (dislike) 249 31, 35, 38, 41, 45-46, 49, 64n11, 71- wu wei (compliance) 243 19, 83-84, 86-91, 94-95, 97n27, 104- wu xing (five elements) 46-47 105, 107-110, 120-122, 146, 148- 159, 188, 194,203,213,217,220, xi (delight) 30 228, 230, 244, 255n35, 214-279, xiao () 6, 38-39, 41, 71, 75, 78, 282n11, 282n11-13 96n17, 108, 122, 148-149, 151-157, 184- rende (humane and virtuous) 190 186, 190-195, 208, 210n3, 235-239, 242- renshu (the art of humaneness or 244, 246-251, 252n6, 253n13, 254n14, humanity) 189 254n15, 254n27, 255n33, 255n35 ru (Confucian) 80,213 xiao ren (inferior man) 53 ru yi (Confucian physician) 186 xina (heart-mind) 28-29, 45, 50-52, 61, 142- 143 san buxiu (three forms of immortality) xinb (being trustworthy) 38, 41, 275 90 xing cha (reflective examination) 49 shena (person, body) 28-30, 45, 51-52 xiu (shame) 249 shenb (spirit) 43n5, 45, 49-50, 53 xiu shen (cultivate the person) 28-29, 40, sheng (sage) 50 45-46, 48-53, 56-58, 60, 63, 274 shi (educated persons) 89 xu shi yu you zheng 243 (deficiency, depletion) 183-184 shijie 96n13 (order) 275 shou zhu (hands and feet) 5 1 xu ruo (vacuity, weakness) 183 shu (altruism) 152 xue (learning) 5 1 si yu (self-desire) 53 xulao (general weakness and exhaustion) sijian 96n1 5 183-184, 195 xun (sacrifice) 76 taiji (Supreme Ultimate) 48 xunguo 96n12 tangkuei 184 xunjie 961112,96n13 tia xunjun 96n 1 2 (body) 45, 51, 142-143 xunqing 96n12 (substance) 58, 61, 64n11 xunsi 96n1 2 tib (brotherly respect) 151-152 xunzang 96n12 ti cha (to observe through the body) 56 xunzhu 96n12 INDEX OF CHINESE TERMS 303 xusun (vacuity, detriment) 183 zao (dryness) 30 zhai (chronic consumption) 184 yang (care) 243 zheng ming () 152 yang ling (care for spirits) 243 zheng xin (rectify the heart-mind) 28-29 yang sheng (nourishing the life) 56 zhia (the ) 37 yang xing (cultivation of nature) 5 1 zhib (knowledge of ancient classics, yang zhi (care for human will) 243 wisdom) 6, 8, 203 ye shi 88 zhi guo (govern the state well) 28 yi 38, 248,276 zhi-shan (highest excellence) 274-275 yia (righteousness) 10-11, 15-17, 38, 54, zhonga (centrality, equilibrium) 33, 53 64n11, 71-76, 78-79, 83-84, 89-91, zhongb (faithfulness, doing one's best for 95, 95n7, 97n27, 104-105, 109-1 10, someone) 38, 41, 152 120-122, 155, 159,188, 194, 203, zhong he (equilibrium and harmony) 8 248-249, 254n231, 275-276, 282n13 zhong yong 8, 33-34, 53, 64n9, 148, 152, yib (appropriateness) 248, 254n3 1 158-159 yin yang 32, 34, 48, 60, 62, 167-168, zi de 248 179, 181-182, 189 zi shi (self-negligence) 248 yinmao (pubic hair) 167-169, 171 zicai 96n11 yong zigin 96n11 (courageous) 8,33 zijing 96n11 (function) 58, 64n11 ziqiang 96n11 (universal and harmonious) 152 INDEX

Age of Philosophers 107 Battin, M. P. 96n15, 96n16, 97n29 AIDS 103 Beauchamp, T. L. 156,260,262 Alitto, G. S. 1 Bedell, S. E. 130 almsgiving 84 Bei Ji Quian Jin Yao Fang 31 American Medical Association 135 Beijing 89 American Thoracic Society 134, 137 Bencao Gangmu 14, 167, 169,172-173, Ames, R. T. 58 175-177, 179, 188, 198, 204nl Ames, R. 254n30, 254n3 1 Bencao Shiji 167-169, 182, 184 Analects 8-9, 17, 27, 31, 34, 38, 43n4, 71, beneficence 156 86-87, 106-107, 109-110, 122, 124, benevolence 224 139-140,145-146, 149-150,152- The Birth of the Clinic 171-172 154, 158, 204n6, 213, 216, 222, 224, bioethics 41, 128, 147, 170, 173, 21 1, 228, 231n4, 242-244, 247, 253n12, 216,222 254n16, 255n35, 274, 275-278, Chinese 198 282n12, 282n14 Confucian 43n7, 46, 70, 83,202,211, Angelicae Sinensis Radix 184 245-247 Angell, M. 134 contemporary 196 Anglo-Saxon 50 cosmopolitan 1-3 Antithesis to the Lament (Fan Li Sao) 85 global/universal 160 The Appendix of the Three Emperors of mainstream 197 the Records of the History 212 “museum bioethics” 2-4 Aristotle 14.69, l70, 252n7, 264, 266, Western practice of 155 281n10 Biographies of Eminent Monks 84 Asia 127 Biographies of Eminent Monks in Song Augustine, St. 69 Dynasty 84 autonomy 18-19, 78, 94, 112, 134, 136, biomedicine 167, 171, 174, 197 143, 147-148, 157-158,241,252 Birdwhistell, A. D. 55, 64n4 in dying 95 Blackhall, L. J. 135 individual 134 Bo Yi 244, 254n16 patient 135-136 bodig (“body” in Anglo-Saxon) 50 physician 135 Bonner, J. 95n1 The Book of Filial Piety (Xiao Jing) 153 Ba Gui 193 The Book of Poetry 36 Baby L. 147 The Book of Rites (Liji) 96n19, 151-154 Bai Juyi 73 (Yue Ji Pian) 43n5, 43n7 Balazs, E. 63 The Book of Songs (Shi Jing) 254n15 Bao Pu Zi-Nei Piam 41 The Book of Xiao (Xiaojing) 96n17 Bao Ren An Shu (Letter to Ren An) 74, 82 botah (“body” in Old High German) 50 Bao Shuya 86, 100 Brett, A. S. 132, 135-136, 138, 157 Barker, J. 127, 161n1 Brody, B. 260 Barth, William 103 Brody, H. 134-136, 138, 157

Ruiping Fan (ed.), Confucian Bioethics, 305-316. © 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in Great Britain. 306 INDEX

Buddha 84, 142 Confucianism 107,280 41, 46, 54, 64n6, 83, 96n18 cosmology 46 almsgiving 83-84 culture 2, 64n1, 169, 175, 181,202 asceticism 54 education system 106 biographers of 74 encylopedia Chan Buddhism 64n7 etiology 7, 30 Chinese 62 family values 242 conception of immortality 56, 142 “grass medicine” 212 in India 83, 84 health care system 30, 279 views on physical abilities 60 his tory of science 178 views on suicide 83 immigrants 128 worldview 83 intellectuals 4-5, 258 Buchanan, A. 260 marriage law 245, 254n23 Marxism 11 9 Caesar 96n10 medical theory and medicine 30, 34, Can Bao 32 142, 168-177, 179, 181, 191, 199, care 217 203,207 Carlson, R. 132 medieval 85 Carson, R. A. 16, 172-173, 196, 209n1 38, 282n13 Cato the Younger 96n10 modern China 77, 170 Chan, W. 49, 53-54, 64n7, 152, 161n7, morality 244 161n9, 214, 231n4 novels 96n9 chastity 75 ontology 46 Chen, C. 96n20 organic naturalism 205n6 Chen, G. 95n7, 96n15 pharmacology (see also ‘human drugs’) Chen Cheng 190 167, 169, 172, 175, 181, 187, 198, Chen Liang 88-89, 97n25 212 Chen Liang Ji (Writings of Chen Liang) philosophy and philosophers 45, 79, 97n25 119-120 Chen Que 89-90 physicians 30, 157, 177, 179, 181, 200- Chen Tianhua 77-78 201,208 Cheng Chang-Qi 167-168, 182, 184, 191 political theory 1 18- 119 Cheng, C.-Y. 108, 119 popular thought 139 Cheng Hao 5 1, 59-60 practice of human drugs Cheng, S. 97n24 premodern China 70, 73, 78, 95n5, 169, Cheng Yi (Cheng I) 48, 60-62, 87 177, 199,202 Cheng Ying 76 scholars 5,273 Chenyang Li 252n5 science 173 Chi, C. 76 tradition 46, 51, 186 Chichung Huang 106 views Childress, J. F. 156,260, 262 body 176 Chi’in (state of) 107-1 19 death 74.92 school of law 108 dissection 55 Chinese 3, 127, 138 disease 15 ancient China 69, 74, 79, 81, 93, 96n8, health 15, 30, 181 249 qi monism 15 Buddhism 62, 74 suicide 69, 103, 105 INDEX 307

15 concepts of social personhood 154, 156 Choron, J. 145 cosmology 1, 46 Chou Dynasty 109,139 culture 155, 224, 227 Choufu 79-80 the Dao in 57 Christianity 41, 69, 76, 95n6, 114, 145, decision making 147 266 doctrines 3 Augustinian 69 19,246 communities 3 ethics 43n7, 46, 70, 83,202, 245-247 martyrs 76 ethical teachings 40, 51, 57, 72, 145, monks 272 148,152,161112,264 morality 264 feudalism (see feudalism) tradition 123 filial obligations (see xiao) Chu kingdom 84-85 forms of humanism 1 19 Chu Shi 21 1 freedom to die 94-95 Chuang Tzu (Zhuang Zi) 32, 43n2, 83 Han Confucianism 119 Chuci jizhu (Collected Commentaries on health care distribution 21, 42, 259 Chu Poetry) 85 “human drugs” 167-203 Chun Qiu Fan Lu-Xun Tian Zhi Dao 34 humanity (see ren) Chun Qiu Fan Lu-Xun Tian Zi Dao 3 1 ideals 107-108, 149 Chung-ying Cheng 12 1 justification of filial duty (xiao) 245- Chunqiu fanlou (Exuberant Dew of the 25 1 Spring and Autumn) 79 justification of human experimentation Chu-tzu Ch’uan-shu 57 215-223,227 Classics of Filial Piety 246 knowledge (see zhib) Collected Commentaries on Chu Poetry medical futility 12-14 (Chuci jizhu) 85 “metaConfucianism” 211 communism 119 metaphysics 1, 9, 15, 19, 38-39,275 Chinese 161n5 morality 1, 242 communitarians 2, 22 moral doctrines 10, 103 compassion 224 moral norms 254n26 Confucian Thesis moral virtues 7-9, 27-42 I 72, 77-80, 84-94, 120-121 Neo-Confucianism (see Neo- II 80-83, 91-92, 94, 96n21 Confucianism) Antithesis I 88, 90, 121-123 non-theistic view of 50 Antithesis II 83, 91, 94 ontology 28, 46, 59, 149 Confucianism 42, 45, 53, 56, 63, 64n1, physicians 31, 157, 168, 186-187,203, 79,88, 107, 109, 119, 138, 170, 172, 213-2 14 178-179, 186-187, 193, 24n6, 208, political theory 103 212,219-222, 224-225,228,242, public officials 81 273-274, 280, 281n10 “rectification of names” 19 account of justice 22 ritual practice 58, 108, 110 anthropology 142, 149, 161n4 rule of force 107 bioethics 1-4 rule of virtue 107 canon 80 sages 33 in China 107,245 self-cultivation 7, 9 community 21,278,280 social hierarchy 154 medical 216 society 155-156 308 INDEX

teachings 158 129-130, 134, 141 theory of the good 21-22 - in neonates 135 tradition 3, 5, 53, 103-104, 106-107, Crigger, B. J. 158 111,118-124, 138, 157-158 Crisp, R. 131 traditional rites (see lib) Cruzan, Nancy 158 typical Confucian 6-7, 27, 42 Cui Ying-Gong 193 values 3, 94 82 views body 28, 51, 143-144 Da Quing Lu Li/Ming Li 254n22 death 9 Da Tong/Li Yun 255n36 euthanasia 10 Daniels, Norman 17, 20-21, 235-239, Guan Zhong 123 249-250, 252, 252nl, 252n4, 253n8, health care system 29, 31 254n24, 260-261, 268-269, 271-272, human life 55, 71, 120,212 277,281n8 human relationships 39 Daoism 9, 32-33, 46, 64n7, 64n10, 83, 85, human experimentation 16 96n18, 173, 178, 181, 185,-187, 189, immortality 56-57 194, 201, 205n6 knowledge 212-213 attitudes medical experiments 2 12 to human body 178 medical futility 127-163 to suicide 97n27 persistant vegetative state 13 critique of suicide 97n27 person 30 dictionary 179 personhood 13, 138-139, 143, 147- hermits 7 148,159 interpretation o f the life cycle 55 personal health 6-7, 39-40, 42 in 41 social justice 249,258-259,267, practice of immortality 56 276,280 theory 52 social progress 212 Dasein 253n9 suicide 10-12, 69-110, 118 Da Xue (The ) 28, 53 vital energy (see qi) Dayal, H. 84 2, 5, 9-10, 27, 31, 34-35, 38, De La Vallee Poussin, L. 83 46, 55, 58, 64n1, 70, 72, 74, 85-88, decision making 154, 157,230-231 95n6, 106, 108, 111, 120, 122, 139, surrogate 134 146, 149-154, 202, 204n6, 211, 213, shared 137-138 222, 224, 228, 243-244, 246-247, Decree of Heaven 139 253n13, 254n14, 254n16, 254n25, Delbanco, T. L. 130 254n27, 274, 277, 282n12, 282n13, deontology 263-264 282n14 Department of Ritual 192 consequentialism 265-266 Descartes, R. 8, 13, 28-29, 49, 62, 159 Cook, E. F. 130 destiny 139-141 Cooper, William 180- 18 1, 204nl De-Xian-Shen 5 cosmopolitan 1-2, 22 Diao Qu Yuan Fu (Elegy to Qu Yuan) 85 - bioethics 1 Dilthey, W. 172 - culture 4 DNR (“Do Not Resuscitate”) 141 Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs The Doctrine of the Mean 33, 36-37, 41, 135 53, 64n9, 85, 152, 161n7, 231n4 CPR (cardiopulmonary resucitation) 127, Doctrine of the three kinds of immortality INDEX 309

145 altruistic 92 Donagan, A. 95n2 legalization 95 Dong Zhong Shu 34, 79-81, 248, 254n30 passive 12 Dong Zhong Shu (Tung Chung Chu) 31, self-regarding 94 220 voluntary 93 Dragon Boat Festival (Duan Wu Festival) expediency (quan) 109-1 11 84,104 Dreyfus, H. L. 172 Faber-Langendoen, K. 129, 161n1 dualism 8, 13, 29, 45, 50.61, 159 fact-value dichotomy 40 Duan Wu Festival (Drago Boat Festival) Fan Chi 109 84, 104 Fan Ch’ih 150 Duke Huan 86-87, 89, 11 1, 122, 124 Fan Li Suo (Antithesis to the Lament) 85 Durkheim, Emile 69, 95n4, 103 Fan Sëuen-tsze 146 Dynasties Fang, Thomas H. 282n13 Chou 104, 139 fetus 21 1 Han 75, 107-108, 161n1, 220, 248 feudalism 114, 118-120, 123, 202, 258 Jin 41 Fields, L. B1 108, 119 Ming 48, 88-90, 96n9, 120, 123, 185, filial piety (xiao) 6, 15 213 Filmer, R. 113-115, 118-120 Song 36, 72, 84, 88-89, 185 Fingarette, H. 35, 43n4 Sung 148,157 five Tang 15, 31, 184-185,245 body parts (wu ti) 47 Zhou 86,104,244 classics (su jing) 47 colors (wu se) 47, 53 Eastern constant relationships (wu lun) 47, 51, political thought 103 156-157,275 view of suicide 104-105 constant virtues (wu chang) 47 approaches to terminal care 160 directions (wu xiang) 47 East Asia 4 elements (wu xing) 46-47 scholars 259,273 flavors (wu wei) 47, 53 Eberhard, W. 95 grains (wu gu) 47 egalitarianism 257,260-262,273 inclinations (wu zhi) 47 Elegy to Qu Yuan (Diao Qu Yuan Fu) 85 internal organs (wu zang or wu shu) 47 Engelhardt, H. T. 257, 260,263,266, sense organs (wu guan) 47 281n9, 282n15 sounds (wu sheng) 47, 53 English, Jane 17,235-236,238,250,252, Former Kings 152 252n3, 252n4, 255n33 Foucault, Michel 171-172,207 Enlightenment 20, 70, 245, 202, 257-258, “Four Beginnings” 203 262, 264-266, 273, 281n5 four cardinal virtues 74 Epstein, F. H. 130 Frader, J. 132, 135-136, 138, 157 equilibrium 34, 152 Frankena, W. K. 264, 280n1 Er 48 Friedman, David 281n3 Er Ya 151 Fu Lei 82 Europe 70 Fung, F. 254n14 values 69 Fung, Y. 53-56, 60, 62, 64n8, 64n10 euthanasia 11-12, 91, 93-95, 97n28 futility 127-163 active12 Confucian view 127-163 310 INDEX

evaluative aspects 133 Tzu 141 qualitative approach 128, 141, 147 Han Fei Tzu 141 quantitative approach 128, 132-133 Hansen-Flasche, J. H. 128, 133, 161n1 physiologic 129-130, 133 Han Yu 73 psychological criteria 147 harmony (shong he) 54 statistical approach 133 Hart, H. L. A. 253n11 healing 180 Gadamer, H.-Y. 172-173 health Ge Hong 41 care 27-28 Geertz, C. 172-173, 175 allocation 261 German philosophers 76 Chinese view of 15, 30, 181 ginseng 184 positive and negative concepts of 7, 27 Golden Rule 38, 254n26 heaven 149, 193,275,277 Gong Tingxian 213-214, 231n3 Decree of 139 Graham, D. C. 142 theistic understanding 139 A Grand Compilation of Practical triad of Man-Heaven-Earth 138, 147, Chinese Health Preservation 159 Theories and Prescriptions 27 heaven-man unity 50 Grand Historian (Sima Qian) 74 Hegel, G. W. F. 263 “Great Creation Bolus” 182-184, 193, 200 Heidegger, M. 172, 253n9 Great Harmony 25 1 hermeneutics 172-173, 175, 197,202 The Great Learning (Da Xue) 16, 28-31, Hill, T. E. 96n21 45, 48, 214, 231n4, 274 Hiller, S. M. 279 Great Void 56 Hiroshi, I. 64n3 Greek Hobbes, Thomas 114-1 16, 119 civilization 2 holism 29-30, 47-48, 50, 59, 142, 148, philosophers 69 174 Gu Zhu State 254n16 Hong Kong 3, 127 Guan Y 73 Hsia, A. 76 Guan Zhong 70, 84, 86-91, 97n26, 103- Hsieh 15 1 125 Hsieh, A. C. K. 95n3 Guan Zi-Nei Ye Pian 40 Hsün Tze (Xun Zi) 35, 148, 161n9 Gulik, R. H. van 179 Hsün Tzu 148 Guo, d. 95n3 Hua Yan School 62 Gu Yanwu 88-89 Huai Nan Tze 212 Huang chi ching shih 48 Hall, D. 254n30, 254n31 Huang, C. 107-1 11 Hammond, J. 135 Huang Di Mei Jing 30-34 75, 107-108, 161n1, 220, Huang, J. 95n3 248 Huang Ti 142 Confucian 97n30 Huang, X. K. 18 1 early 80 85, 88-90, 96n20 Former 79 Hui, Edwin 12-13 thinker 85 “human drugs” 1, 14, 16, 167-209 uprising 107 human experimentation 16, 2 1 1-232 estern 30-3 1 Hume, David 70 writer Jia Yi 85 INDEX 311

immortality Lantos, J. d. 128, 131-132, 134-135, in Buddhism 56,142 161n1 in Confucian thought 145 Lao She 82 Doctrine of the three kinds of Laozi 53, 83 immortality 145 “last Confucian” 1 informed consent 155,201,220, 223-229, Lau, D. C. 86, 253n12, 254n20 236-238,241,252 Lau, J. s. M. 95n3 integrity (qijie) 76 law of nature 115-1 16 moral 157 learning (xue) 5 1 Legalists 119 “Jane Doe” 103 legendary farmer 2 12-2 15, 2 19 Jan, Y. 74, 97n22 Legge, J. 65 Japan 3, 77 Leibniz 8 Jecker, N. S. 128, 131-137, 141, 144-145, Levenson, Joseph 2-6, 282n16 157, 161n1 Leviathan 114 Jesuits 76 Li Bai 73 Jesus 95n6 Li Chenyang 254n23 Jia Yi 83, 85 Li Ji (The Book of Rites) 33, 96n19, Jiang Bei Er 192 97n30 Jiang Bo Quian 64n5 Li Shi Zhen 14-16, 167-169, 176-177, Jiao Xun 32 180, 182-195, 198-201, 204nl Jin Dynasty 41 204n4, 205n7, 210n3 Jing-Bao Nie 14-15 Li Xue Zhuan Yao 64n5 Jing-Zhou 190 Li Ze-hou 254n27 Johnson, J. T. 135 Liang Juchuan 74.77 Jonsen, A. R. 128, 131-132, 134-135, Liang Quichao 69 137, 141, 144-145, 157, 161n1, 176, liberalism 105, 112-112, 118, 120, 158, 196 225 Judeo-Christian 114 “anemic” 12, 112, 118, 120 Just Health Care 269 view of suicide 117-118, 281n6 libertarianism 262,272 Kant, Immanuel 41, 96n10, 96n21, 238, liberty 104, 111, 113-114, 123 263-264, 281n5 Ling Shu-Zhong Shi 34 karma 83 Liu Qiu 182, 193 Kass, L. 92 Liu Zhongzhou 90 Khushf, George 11-12 Lin, Y. 95n3, 96n14, 244 King Hsuan 15 1 Lin Yutang 254n29 King Qing 79-80 Lo, Ping-cheung 10-12, 103-1 10, 118, King Wen 244, 254n17, 254n18, 254n19 120- 123 King Wu 254n17 Locke, John 10, 12, 113-118, 120, 123- Kingsley, George 103 124 Kleinman, Arthur 180, 183, 196 L’Orphelin de la Chine 76 Korea 3 Lotus Sutra 84 Kuhn, Thomas 14, 170, 172,207 Lowey (Loewy?), E. 132 Kung-po Liao 139 loyalty 75 Kunstadter, P. 160 Lu 32, 85 Lu Gwei-Dijen 173 312 INDEX

Lu Mingfang 27 Mongols 72 Lu Xi Zhe 37 Moore, G. E. 262 Lun Yu (see Analects) moral Lun Yu 57 duty 18,235,241-242,248,250 Luo, J. 74, 84, 95n1, 96n14 imperatives 38 responsibility 18, 235, 240-242 Ma, B. 156-157, 184-185, 204n5 virtues 38 Ma Bo-Yin 184 morality MacIntyre, Alisdair 209n2, 257,263, other-regarding 75 282n10 More Biographies of Eminent Monks 84 Maclagan, P. J. 95n3 Morowitz, H. 39 Magliola, R. 61 Mount Tai 74, 9 1, 96n8 Manchu people 88, 120 “Mr. Democracy” (De Xian Shen) 5 political domination 89 “Mr. Science” 5 rule 77 Muh-shuh (P’aou) 146 Mao Ze-dong 161n5 Muller 15 1 Marxism 119,273 Murphy, D. J. 135, 157 Master Kong (Confucius) 106 “museum bioethics” 2 materialism 119 May Fourth Movement of New Culture Nagatomo, S. 64n3 170,202 naturallaw 115-116 medical ethics (see bioethics) Needham, Joseph 173, 178, 204n6 Medicare 25 1 negative health 7 Mencius 8-9, 21, 29, 32, 37-38, 40-41, Neo-Confucianism 45-65, 76, 88, 148, 43n5, 46, 51, 58, 64n1, 71, 94, 95n6, 186-188, 204n6 110, 120, 139-144, 148-151, 153, awareness of death 54 156-157, 161n4, 211, 228, 244-245, concepts in 54 247, 255n32, 275, 278, 282n13, ethics 59 282n16 language 45 Mencius 94, 97n31, 108-110,140, 143- li 58 144, 146, 149, 150-151, 153, 161n4, lixue school 48 216, 228, 231n4, 244-245, 247, 249, metaphysics 46, 54, 61, 63 254n20, 254n32, 255n36, 275, 277- ontology 48, 63 278, 282n16 philosophers 47, 87 Meng Yi Tzu 153 philosophical tradition 57 Meng Zi Zheng Yi 32 “quiet sitting” 53 Miao Yin 204n5 self-cultivation 58 Miao-Yin Baozhuan (The Treasured teachings 50, 57-58 Volume of Ms. Miao-Yin) 184 terminology 51 Miles, S. H. 129, 161n1, 158 “utilitarian” school 88 mind-body views of relationship 60, 63 disease 51 dualism 6 1 holism 52 48, 88-90, 96n9, 120, 123, life and body 54 185,213 role of self 48-49 Confucian philosopher 90 neutrality 2-3, 22 Mink, L. 0. 172-173 New York Times 94 INDEX 313

New York State Task Force on Life and 61, 64n1, 64n11 the Law 94 privacy 104, 111 Nie, Jing-Bao 173-174, 197,207-209 propriety 217,228 nirvana 41, 56 pubes (see pubic hair) Nivison, D. S. 75 pubic hair (yinmao) 167-169, 171, 175, North America 4,127,160 179-180, 204n1 Northrop, F. S. C. 38-39 Punishment and Responsibility 253n11 Pythagoras 69 Old High German 50 O’Neill, 0. 252n2 Qi 86 The Order of Things 172 Duke of 87 organ transplantation 16,201,209 state of 97n26 The Orphan of Zhao 76 Qianjing Fang 168- 169 Qi Bo 32 palliative medicine 94 32, 64n11, 77, 88 Paris 76 central government 90 Parrinder, G. 107-108 Qing Hua University 69, 104 paternalism 135, 157, 158 Qingiie Wang 17-20 Patient and Healers in the Context of Qin kingdom 84 Culture 180 Quill v. Vacco 103 Patriarcha 113, 118 Quinlan, Karen Ann 147 Pattern of Deficiency 184 Qu Yuan 83-85, 88, 90-91, 96n15, 97n23, Paul (St.) 95n6 104,271 Peimin Ni 7, 27 Peking University 82 Rabinow, P. 172 People’s Republic of China (see China) Ran Bo Niu 277 permanent vegetative state 13, 127, 131, Rawls, John 20, 253n10, 257-258, 260- 136, 144 261, 264, 267-269, 271-272, 275- persistent vegetative state (see permanent 277, 280, 280n2, 281n7, 281n9 vegetative state) Rawski, W. S. 142 personal health 6-8, 27, 31 Records of the Historian (Shiji) 74, 81-82 Philosophy and Public Affairs 269 Rectification of Names 152,246 physicians redistributivism 257,260-261 ancient 169 Ricoeur, P. 172 in China 30, 157, 177, 179, 181, 200- resuscitation (see CPR) 201,208 righteousness 217, 219-220, 228, 255n32 Confucian 31, 157, 168, 186- 187 “righteousness in line with humanity” physician-patient relationship 135 216,218,221,223-230 physician-assisted suicide 95, 104, 106 rights 134 Plato 9, 56, 62, 69, 145 inalienable 106, 112 Polanyi, M. 129 individual 103, 118,225-226 Political Liberalism 269 natural 11 7 Pomme 172 Roetz, H. 250, 253n13 Positive health 7, 27 The Romance of the 73 Prince Jiu 86-89, 97n26, 11 1, 122 Rome 69 Prince Xiaobai 86-87 Ruddick, W. 252n2 Principle of Nature (li xue) 49, 5059, 60- 314 INDEX

sagehood 50, 58-59, 143-144, 149-150, Social Security 25 1 152, 161n1, 244, 254n19, 274 Socrates 2 Sai-Xian-Shen 5 Sommers, C. 235, 244, 252n3, 252n4, Samsara 83 254n29, 255n33 Schleiermacher, R. 172 Sommers, F. 235, 244, 252n3, 252n4, Schneider, L. A. 97n23 254n29, 255n33 Schneiderman, L. J. 128, 131-132, 135- 36, 88-89, 185 135, 137, 141,144-145, 157, 161n1 Southern 72 School of Law 107-108 Song Jian 40 Schopenhauer, Arthur 76 Songshi 72 Schwartz, B. 250, 254n25 Song Yuan Xue An Science and Civilization in China 178 - Heng Pu Xue An 38 scientism 173-174 - Heng Qu Xue An 37 Second Court of Appeals 103 - Hui Weng Xue An Shang 29 self-cultivation (xiu-shen) 7, 45, 48-49, - Shuo Zhai Xue An 36 52, 53, 58, 63, 148,274 - Ying Yang Xue An 37 Seneca 70 A Source Book in shame culture 11, 105, 120, 156 254n28 Shanahan, Timothy 252n5 Spence, J. D. 95n3 province 96n8 Spicer, C. M. 128-129, 131, 133, 161n1 Shang 108 Spring and Autumn Annals 79 - Dynasty 139, 254n16, 254n17 86 Shao Hu 86, 110-1 11 statism 120 48-49, 55, 64n2, 64n6 Stoics 69 Sheng Nong (Divine Peasant) 177 Stout, J. 265 Shengnong Benjing 190 Su, S. 96n20 Shengnong Bencao Jing (The Divine Sui Dynasty 182 Peasant’s Classic on Materia suicide 11-12, 18, 69-101, 104 Medica) 177, 188, 204n2 advocates of 104 Shengii Zonglu (Imperial Encylopedia of altruistic 69.75, 83, 97n29 Medicine) 168-169 anomic 69 Sher, George 28 1n6 assisted 12 Shi, D. 97n22 Confucian view of 69, 103, 105 Shi, H. 97n22 consequence and non- Shi Jing (Book of Songs) 254n15 consequence based 75, 89 Shi MaZhen 212, 231n2 Daoist critique of 97n27 Shi Qi 27 “death with dignity” 79-82, 92- 93, 104 Shi, Z. 97n22 egoistic 69 Shiji (Records of the Historian) 74, 96n9 legalized 104-106,112 Shun 148, 150, 153, 161n6, 278 in liberal theory 117 Si Ku Chuan Shu 212 in Locke’s theory 116 Sima Qian (The Grand Historian) 74, 81- other-regarding 11, 70, 82, 84- 85, 82, 91, 94 95n4, 104-195, 122 Singer, Peter 281n3, 281n4 to preserve dignity 70, 81 Sinn, Nathan 180-181, 204n1 right to 70 Slote, Michael 252n2 self-regarding 69-70, 78-79, 82, 94, Smith 52, 62 103-105, 118 INDEX 315

sijian 96n15 United States types of 75, 95n3 constitutional system 115 Western 12, 104, 118 Declaration of Independence 1 12 Suicide: A Study in Sociology 103 President’s Commission on Ethical Sung Dynasty 148, 157 Problems 134 Sun Si Miao 30, 168-169 Second Court of Appeals 103 Su Wen - Ba Zheng Shen Ming Lun Pian Unschuld, P. U. 187-188 32 utilitarian 112-113, 120, 216, 220-221, - Shang Gu Tian Zhen Lun 32 257, 260, 262-264, 272, 281n3, - Si Qi Tiao Shen Da Lun 3 1 281n4 - Tiao Jing 34 hedonistic 262 justification of human experimentation Tai Gong 244, 254n19 218-220 Tai Zu 192 objectivism 262 Taiwan 3, 127, 180 preference satisfaction 262 Tang Dynasty 15, 31, 184-185,245 rule-utilitarianism 221, 223 Tang Jungyi 76 school of Confucianism 88 Tang Lu Shu Yi/Dou Song 254n21 utility 12, 16-17, 89 Tang Lu Shu Yi/Zhi Zhi 254n21 Tang Zhong You 36 values 129-130, 133-134, 158 Tao Hong-Jing 187 Veatch, R. M1. 128-129, 131, 133, 161n1, 140, 161n2 260-261, 280n2 Task Force on Ethics of the Society of Voltaire 76 Critical Care Medicine 134 teleology (see also utilitarianism) 264- Waisel, D. B. 132 265, 274-275, 281n10 Waitai Miyao (Medical Secrets of an “ten commandments” for Confucian Official) 168-169 doctors 213-214 Waley, A. 253n12, 254n15, 254n21 theories of social justice 257-258,262, Walzer, M. 172-173 266,269 Wang, C. 96n20 A Theory of Justice 253n10, 268 (or Wang Chuanchan) 62, “Three forms of Immortality” 85, 90-91 64nl1, 88-89, 97n27 T’ien, J. 95n3 Wang Guowei 69, 74, 17, 84, 95nl, 104 Tillman, H. C. 88 Wang, L. 178, 204n6 Tomlinson, T. 134-136, 138, 157 Wang, Robin 252n5 Tongjian Gangmu 188 Wang Tao 168 triad of Heaven-Earth-Man 138 Wang Wen Cheng Gong Quan Shu 33 Truog, R. D. 132,135-136,138, 157 Wang Yang Ming 33 Truth and Method 173 Ward, C. G. 135 Tseng Tzu 154 Warring period 161n2 Tsin 146 Watson, J. L. 142 Tsuo Chuen 145-146 the Way (dao) 37, 106, 139-140, 146 Tu Li 282n13 Weber, Max 242 Tu Wei-Ming 5, 8, 22, 28, 33, 40, 49, 55, Weggle, Oskar 21 1 58, 63, 64n2, 258 Wen Tianxiang 72, 91 Two Treatises of Government 1 13 Western approaches to terminal care 160 316 INDEX

culture 2, 145, 174 Xunwu Chen 16 democracies 115 Yan Fu 64n11 Hippocratic tradition 156 Yang Xiong 85 influence on China 69, 104 277 intellectual tradition 50 Yan Xin 39 ideology 280 Yan Uan 62 liberal tradition 12-13, 103, 107-108, Yao 278 111-112, 119-120, 123-124 Yen Yüen 139, 150 medical futility 141, 159 Yin Wen 40 medicine 127-128, 160, 171,203 Youngner, S. J. 129, 133, 136, 161n1 metaphysics 38 Yuan Dynasty 76, 185 modem 262 Yu Tzu 152 moral theories 266 Yuyang Zhuzu (The Yuyang Miscellany) natural law tradition 190 personhood 147 perspectives 1 Zeng Shen 244 philosophy 45, 50, 129,203 Zeng Xi 244 premodern West 70, 95n5 Zeng Yuan 244 scholars 258 Zhang, Ellen 8-9 sensibilities 103 Zhang Jiu Chen 37 social and political theories 5, 20, 22, Zhang Qi-Zheng 190 103 Zhang, S. 95n3 suicide Zhang Shi-Zheng 193 legalization of 104 32 types of 104 Zhang Zai 10, 37, 48, 53-54, 56, 60 views on 12,104,118 Zheng, X. 83 theology 50 Zhong Yong Zhuang Ju Zhu 33 theories of justice 259,273 Zhou Dun-yi 48 Wing-Tsit Chan 254n28, 282n11 Zhou Dynasty 108,244 Wong, K. C. 271 - Eastern 86 Writings of Chen Liang (Chen Liang Ji) Zhu Xi 29, 33, 43n3, 49, 52, 54-55, 57- 97n25 58, 60-62, 64n9, 85, 88, 97n25, 188, Wu, G. 95n3 204n6 Wu, L. T. 271 Zhu Zhen-Heng 182 Wu Qiu 182, 193 Zhuang Zi 53, 83, 97n27 Zhuang Zi 64n10 Xi Bo 244, 254n18 Zhuanyou Lu (Recordings of Exhausted Xiaoer Fang (The Prescriptions for Journeys) 193 Children) 193 Zhu Wen Gong Wen Ji 43n3 Xiaojing (Book of Filial Piety) 96n17, Zhu Zi Yu Lei 29, 33, 43n3 153, 185, 191 Zi Gong 86, 122 Xie, Z. F. 181 Zi Lu 27, 86, 111 Xin Chou Yan He Zou Za Er 43n3 Zuo Chuan (Commentary on the Spring Xun Zi 35 and Autumn Annals) 90 Xun Zi 35 Zuo Quiming 90 Philosophy and Medicine

1. H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr. and S.F. Spicker (eds.): Evaluation and Explanation in the Biomedical Sciences. 1975 ISBN 90-277-0553-4 2. S.F. Spicker and H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr. (eds.): Philosophical Dimensions of the Neuro-Medical Sciences. 1976 ISBN 90-277-0672-7 3. S.F. Spicker and H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr. (eds.): Philosophical Medical Ethics. Its Nature and Significance. 1977 ISBN 90-277-0772-3 4. H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr. and S.F. Spicker (eds.): Mental Health. Philosophi- cal Perspectives. 1978 ISBN 90-277-0828-2 5. B.A. Brody and H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr. (eds.): Mental Illness. Law and Public Policy. 1980 ISBN 90-277-1057-0 6. H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr., S.F. Spicker and B. Towers (eds.): Clinical Judgment. A Critical Appraisal. 1979 ISBN 90-277-0952- 1 7. S.F. Spicker (ed.): Organism, Medicine, and Metaphysics. Essays in Honor of Hans Jonas on His 75th Birthday. 1978 ISBN 90-277-0823-1 8. E.E. Shelp (ed.): Justice and Health Care. 1981 ISBN 90-277-1207-7; Pb 90-277-1251-4 9. S.F. Spicker, J.M. Healey, Jr. and H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr. (eds.): The Law- Medicine Relation. A Philosophical Exploration. 198 1 ISBN 90-277-12 17-4 10. W.B. Bondeson, H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr., S.F. Spicker and J.M. White, Jr. (eds.): New Knowledge in the Biomedical Sciences. Some Moral Implications of Its Acquisition, Possession, and Use. 1982 ISBN 90-277-1319-7 11. E.E. Shelp (ed.): Beneficence and Health Care. 1982 ISBN 90-277-1377-4 12. G.J. Agich (ed.): Responsibility in Health Care. 1982 ISBN 90-277-1417-7 13. W.B. Bondeson, H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr., S.F. Spicker and D.H. Winship: Abortion and the Status of the Fetus. 2nd printing, 1984 ISBN 90-277-1493-2 14. E.E. Shelp (ed.): The Clinical Encounter. The Moral Fabric of the Patient- Physician Relationship. 1983 ISBN 90-277-1593-9 15. L. Kopelman and J.C. Moskop (eds.): Ethics and Mental Retardation. 1984 ISBN 90-277- 1630-7 16. L. Nordenfelt and B.I.B. Lindahl (eds.): Health, Disease, and Causal Explana- tions in Medicine. 1984 ISBN 90-277- 1660-9 17. E.E. Shelp (ed.): Virtue and Medicine. Explorations in the Character of Medicine. 1985 ISBN 90-277-1808-3 18. P. Carrick Medical Ethics in Antiquity. Philosophical Perspectives on Abortion and Euthanasia. 1985 ISBN 90-277-1825-3; Pb 90-277-1915-2 19. J.C. Moskop and L. Kopelman (eds.): Ethics and Critical Care Medicine. 1985 ISBN 90-277-1820-2 20. E.E. Shelp (ed.): Theology and Bioethics. Exploring the Foundations and Frontiers. 1985 ISBN 90-277-1 857-1 21. G.J. Agich and C.E. Begley (eds.): The Price of Health. 1986 ISBN 90-277-2285-4 22. E.E. Shelp (ed.): Sexuality and Medicine. Vol. I: Conceptual Roots. 1987 ISBN 90-277-2290-0 Pb 90-277-2386-9 Philosophy and Medicine

23. E.E. Shelp (ed.): Sexuality and Medicine. Vol. 11: Ethical Viewpoints in Transition. 1987 ISBN 1-55608-013-1; Pb 1-55608-016-6 24. R.C. McMillan, H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr., and S.F. Spicker (eds.): Euthanasia and the Newborn. Conflicts Regarding Saving Lives. 1987 ISBN 90-277-2299-4; Pb 1-55608-039-5 25. S.F. Spicker, S.R. Ingman and I.R. Lawson (eds.): Ethical Dimensions of Geriatric Care. Value Conflicts for the 21th Century. 1987 ISBN 1-55608-027-1 26. L. Nordenfelt: On the Nature of Health. An Action-Theoretic Approach. 2nd, rev. ed. 1995 ISBN 0-7923-3369-1; Pb 0-7923-3470-1 27. S.F. Spicker, W.B. Bondeson and H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr. (eds.): The Contraceptive Ethos. Reproductive Rights and Responsibilities. 1987 ISBN 1-55608-035-2 28. S.F. Spicker, I. Alon, A. de Vries and H. Tristram Engelhardt, Jr. (eds.): The Use of Human Beings in Research. With Special Reference to Clinical Trials. 1988 ISBN 1-55608-043-3 29. N.M.P. King, L.R. Churchill and A.W. Cross (eds.): The Physician as Captain of the Ship. A Critical Reappraisal. 1988 ISBN 1-55608-044-1 30. H.-M. Sass and R.U. Massey (eds.): Health Care Systems. Moral Conflicts in European and American Public Policy. 1988 ISBN 1-55608-045-X 31. R.M. Zaner (ed.): Death: Beyond Whole-Brain Criteria. 1988 ISBN 1-55608-053-0 32. B.A. Brody (ed.): Moral Theory and Moral Judgments in Medical Ethics. 1988 ISBN 1-55608-060-3 33. L.M. Kopelman and J.C. Moskop (eds.): Children and Health Care. Moral and Social Issues. 1989 ISBN 1-55608-078-6 34. E.D. Pellegrino, J.P. Langan and J. Collins Harvey (eds.): Catholic Perspec- tives on Medical Morals. Foundational Issues. 1989 ISBN 1-55608-083-2 35. B.A. Brody (ed.): Suicide and Euthanasia. Historical and Contemporary Themes. 1989 ISBN 0-7923-0106-4 36. H.A.M.J. ten Have, G.K. Kimsma and S.F. Spicker (eds.): The Growth of Medical Knowledge. 1990 ISBN 0-7923-0736-4 37. I. Löwy (ed.): The Polish School of Philosophy of Medicine. From Tytus Chalubinski (18261889) to Ludwik Fleck (1896-1961).1990 ISBN 0-7923-0958-8 38. T.J. Bole III and W.B. Bondeson: Rights to Health Care. 1991 ISBN 0-7923-1 137-X 39. M.A.G. Cutter and E.E. Shelp (eds.): Competency. A Study of Informal Competency Determinations in Primary Care. 1991 ISBN 0-7923- 1304-6 40. J.L. Peset and D. Gracia (eds.): The Ethics of Diagnosis. 1992 ISBN 0-7923-1544-8 Philosophy and Medicine

41. K.W. Wildes, S.J., F. Abel, S.J. and J.C. Harvey (eds.): Birth, Suffering, and Death. Catholic Perspectives at the Edges of Life. 1992 [CSiB-1] ISBN 0-7923-1547-2; Pb 0-7923-2545-1 42. S.K. Toombs: The Meaning of Illness. A Phenomenological Account of the Different Perspectives of Physician and Patient. 1992 ISBN 0-7923-1570-7; Pb 0-7923-2443-9 43. D. Leder (ed.): The Body in Medical Thought and Practice. 1992 ISBN 0-7923-1657-6 44. C. Delkeskamp-Hayes and M.A.G. Cutter (eds.): Science, Technology, and the Art of Medicine. European-American Dialogues. 1993 ISBN 0-7923- 1869-2 45. R. Baker, D. Porter and R. Porter (eds.): The Codification of Medical Morality. Historical and Philosophical Studies of the Formalization of Western Medical Morality in the 18th and 19th Centuries, Volume One: Medical Ethics and Etiquette in the 18th Century. 1993 ISBN 0-7923-1921-4 46. K. Bayertz (ed.): The Concept ofMoral Consensus. The Case of Technological Interventions in Human Reproduction. 1994 ISBN 0-7923-2615-6 47. L. Nordenfelt (ed.): Concepts and Measurement of Quality of Life in Health Care. 1994 [ESiP-1] ISBN 0-7923-2824-8 48. R. Baker and M.A. Strosberg (eds.) with the assistance of J. Bynum: Legislating Medical Ethics. A Study of the New York State Do-Not-Resus- citate Law. 1995 ISBN 0-7923-2995-3 49. R. Baker (ed.): The Codification of Medical Morality. Historical and Philos- ophical Studies of the Formalization of Western Morality in the 18th and 19th Centuries, Volume Two: Anglo-American Medical Ethics and Medical Juris- prudence in the 19th Century. 1995 ISBN 0-7923-3528-7; Pb 0-7923-3529-5 50. R.A. Carson and C.R. Bums (eds.): Philosophy of Medicine and Bioethics. A Twenty-Year Retrospective and Critical Appraisal. 1997 ISBN 0-7923-3545-7 51. K.W. Wildes, S.J. (ed.): Critical Choices and Critical Care. Catholic Perspec- tives on Allocating Resources in Intensive Care Medicine. 1995 [CSiB-2] ISBN 0-7923-3382-9 52. K. Bayertz (ed.): Sanctity of Life and Human Dignity. 1996 ISBN 0-7923-3739-5 53. Kevin Wm. Wildes, S.J. (ed.): Infertility: A Crossroad of Faith, Medicine, and Technology. 1996 ISBN 0-7923-4061-2 54. Kazumasa Hoshino (ed.): Japanese and Western Bioethics. Studies in Moral Diversity. 1996 ISBN 0-7923-41 12-0 55. E. Agius and S. Busuttil (eds.): Germ-Line Intervention and our Respon- sibilities to Future Generations. 1998 ISBN 0-7923-4828-1 56. L.B. McCullough: John Gregory and the Invention of Professional Medical Ethics and the Professional Medical Ethics and the Profession of Medicine. 1998 ISBN 0-7923-4917-2 57. L.B. McCullough: John Gregory’s Writing on Medical Ethics and Philosophy of Medicine. 1998 [CiME-1] ISBN 0-7923-5000-6 Philosophy and Medicine

58. H.A.M.J. ten Have and H.-M. Sass (eds.): Consensus Formation in Healthcare Ethics. 1998 [ESiP-2] ISBN 0-7923-4944-X 59. H.A.M.J. ten Have and J.V.M. Welie (eds.): Ownership of the Human Body. Philosophical Considerations on the Use of the Human Body and its Parts in Healthcare. 1998 [ESiP-3] ISBN 0-7923-5 150-9 60. M.J. Cherry (ed.): Persons and Their Bodies. Rights, Responsibilities, Relationships. 1999 ISBN 0-7923-5701-9 61. R. Fan (ed.): Confucian Bioethics. 1999 [APSiB-1] ISBN 0-7923-5723-X

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