Forestry Related Careers
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Forestry Materials Forest Types and Treatments
-- - Forestry Materials Forest Types and Treatments mericans are looking to their forests today for more benefits than r ·~~.'~;:_~B~:;. A ever before-recreation, watershed protection, wildlife, timber, "'--;':r: .";'C: wilderness. Foresters are often able to enhance production of these bene- fits. This book features forestry techniques that are helping to achieve .,;~~.~...t& the American dream for the forest. , ~- ,.- The story is for landolVners, which means it is for everyone. Millions . .~: of Americans own individual tracts of woodland, many have shares in companies that manage forests, and all OWII the public lands managed by government agencies. The forestry profession exists to help all these landowners obtain the benefits they want from forests; but forests have limits. Like all living things, trees are restricted in what they can do and where they can exist. A tree that needs well-drained soil cannot thrive in a marsh. If seeds re- quire bare soil for germination, no amount of urging will get a seedling established on a pile of leaves. The fOllOwing pages describe th.: ways in which stands of trees can be grown under commonly Occllrring forest conditions ill the United States. Originating, growing, and tending stands of trees is called silvicllllllr~ \ I, 'R"7'" -, l'l;l.f\ .. (silva is the Latin word for forest). Without exaggeration, silviculture is the heartbeat of forestry. It is essential when humans wish to manage the forests-to accelerate the production or wildlife, timber, forage, or to in- / crease recreation and watershed values. Of course, some benerits- t • wilderness, a prime example-require that trees be left alone to pursue their' OWII destiny. -
A Treemendous Educator Guide
A TREEmendous Educator Guide Throughout 2011, we invite you to join us in shining a deserving spotlight on some of Earth’s most important, iconic, and heroic organisms: trees. To strengthen efforts to conserve and sustainably manage trees and forests worldwide, the United Nations has declared 2011 as the International Year of Forests. Their declaration provides an excellent platform to increase awareness of the connections between healthy forests, ecosystems, people, and economies and provides us all with an opportunity to become more aware, more inspired, and more committed to act. Today, more than 8,000 tree species—about 10 percent of the world’s total—are threatened with extinction, mostly driven by habitat destruction or overharvesting. Global climate change will certainly cause this number to increase significantly in the years to come. Here at the Garden, we care for many individual at-risk trees (representing 48 species) within our diverse, global collection. Many of these species come from areas of the world where the Garden is working to restore forest ecosystems and the trees in them. Overall, we have nearly 6,000 individual trees in our main Garden, some dating from the time of founder Henry Shaw. Thousands more trees thrive at nearby Shaw Nature Reserve, as part of the Garden’s commitment to native habitat preservation, conservation, and restoration. Regardless of where endangered trees are found—close to home or around the world—their survival requires action by all of us. The Great St. Louis Tree Hunt of 2011 is one such action, encouraging as many people as possible to get out and get connected with the spectacular trees of our region. -
Basal AREA and POINT-SAMPUNG Lllterpretlltion IIIII App/Ittltion
• BASAl AREA AND POINT-SAMPUNG lllterpretlltion IIIII App/ittltion Technical Bulletin Number 23 (Revised) DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES Madison, Wisconsin • 1970 BASAL AREA AND POINT-SAMPLING Interpretation and Application By H. J. Hovind and C. E. Rieck Technical Bulletin Number 23 (Revised Edition) DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES Madison, Wisconsin 53701 1970 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Management of the major timber types in the Lake States has been in tensified by the application of the basal area method of regulating stocking. Much of the credit for promoting this method should be given to Carl Arbo gast, Jr. (deceased), formerly of Marquette, Michigan and to Robert E. Buckman of Washington, D.C., for their research with the U.S. Forest Serv ice in northern hardwoods and pine, respectively. These men have been in strumental in stimulating the authors' interest in the application of basal area and point-sampling concepts. (This bulletin is a revlSlon by the same authors of Technical Bulletin Number 23 published by the Wisconsin Conservation Department in 1961. Hovind is Assistant Director, Bureau of Forest Management, and Rieck is Director, Bureau of Fire Control.) Illustrated by R. J. Hallisy Edited by Ruth L. Hine CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 WHAT IS BASAl AREA _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 MEASURING BASAl AREA ________________ . -
Advanced Timber Bridge Inspection
Advanced Timber Bridge Inspection Field Manual for Inspection of Minnesota Timber Bridges Natural Resources Research Institute [This page intentionally left blank] ii Acknowledgements Thank you to the following sponsors and project participants for their valuable input in the production of this document. Primary Lead Authors Brian Brashaw, University of Minnesota Duluth Natural Resources Research Institute James Wacker, USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory Robert J. Ross, USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory Funding Sponsors: Minnesota Local Road Research Board (LRRB), Contract 99008 WO 62 Iowa Highway Research Board (IHRB) Project Team: University of Minnesota Duluth Natural Resources Research Institute Minnesota Department of Transportation Bridge Office Minnesota Department of Transportation Research Office Iowa State University, Bridge Engineering Center USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory HDR, Inc. Technical Advisory Panel: Project Leaders: Brian Brashaw, University of Minnesota Duluth Natural Resources Research Institute (NRRI) David Conkel, Minnesota Department of Transportation, State Aid Travis Hosteng, Iowa State University Bridge Engineering Center Chris Werner, HDR Engineering, Inc. James Wacker, USDA Forest Products Laboratory Committee Members: Ahmad Abu-Hawash, Iowa Department of Transportation, Bridges and Structures Matthew Hemmila, St. Louis County (Minnesota) Greg Isakson, Goodhue County (Minnesota) Art Johnston, USDA Forest Service (retired) Brian Keierleber, Buchanan County (Iowa) -
Tree Identification
Tree Identification Forestry Tools Insect/Diseases 101 - Ash, White 201 - Altimeter 300 - Air Pollution 102 - Basswood 202 -Back-pack Fire Pump 301 - Aphid 103 - Beech 203 - Bulldozer 302 - Beetles 104 - Birch, Black 204 - Cant Hook 303 - Butt or Heart Rot 105 - Birch, White 205 - Chainsaw 304 - Canker 106 - Buckeye 206 - Chainsaw Chaps 305 - Chemical Damage 107 - Cedar, Eastern Red 207 - Clinometer 306 - Cicada 108 - Cherry, Black (Wild Cherry) 208 - Data Recorder 307 - Climatic injury, wind, frost drought, hail 109 - Chestnut, American 209 - Densitometer 308 - Damping Off 110 - Cottonwood 210 - Diameter tape 309 - Douglas fir tussock moth 111 - Cucumbertree 211 - Dot grid 310 - Emerald Ash Borer 112 - Dogwood 212 - Drip Torch 311 - Fire Damage 113 - Douglas Fir 213 - End Loader 312 - Gypsy Moth 114 - Elm (American) 214 - Feller Buncher 313 - Hemlock wooly adelgid 115 - Elm (Slippery) 215 - Fiberglass measuring tape 314 - Landscape equipment damage 116 - Gum, Black 216 - Fire Rake 315 - Lighting Damage 117 - Gum, Sweet 217 - Fire Weather Kit 316 - Mechanical Damage 118 - Hackberry 218 - Fire Swatter 317 - Mistletoe 119 - Hemlock 219 - Flow/Current Meter 318 - Nematode 120 - Hickory 220 - GPS Receiver 319 - Rust 121 - Holly 221 - Hand Compass 320 - Sawfly 122- Hornbeam, American 222 - Hand Lens/Field Microscope 321 - Spruce Budworm 123 - Locust, Black 223 - Hip Chain 323 - Sunscald 124 - Locust, Honey 224 - Hypo - Hatchet 324 -Tent Caterpillar 125 - Maple, Red 225 - Increment Borer 325 - Wetwood or slime flux 126 - Mulberry, Red 226 - -
Common Forestry Terms for the Forest Landowner
ALABAMA A&M AND AUBURN UNIVERSITIES Common Forestry Terms for the Forest ANR-1373 Landowner ithout a basic understanding of forestry agroforestry terms, it can be difficult to communicate The practice of growing trees and agricultural or W with foresters or buyers of forestland or horticultural crops on the same site. timber. Being well versed in forestry terminology can help landowners feel confident when making • alley cropping management decisions or selling their timber. This The practice of growing crops between rows of glossary is a tool for landowners seeking to define planted trees. ownership objectives, develop management plans, improve their timber stands, or conduct a timber sale. • conservation buffers Using a forestry consultant is highly recommended, The practice of growing trees in rows to alter wind and knowing these terms can help landowners better flow and protect crops, reduce erosion, improve communicate with foresters and understand various irrigation efficiency, improve water quality, and forestry processes. provide habitat for wildlife. • forest farming Forest Management The practice of cultivating or collecting specialty afforestation forest products in the forest environment. Growing trees on land where there were none. • silvopasture Cost-share programs usually require that the land has The practice of grazing livestock among not been in forest for at least several decades. forest trees. ARCHIVE Silvopasture (photo credit: MediaAssociates) www.aces.edu Windrow (Photo credit: Janice Dyer) best management practices (BMPs) overtopping Guidelines to minimize negative impacts on the When trees of undesirable species grow faster than environment, such as soil erosion and water pollution, those of the target species, blocking sunlight and before, during, and after a timber harvest or other slowing their growth. -
Department of Natural Resources Postion Description - Sample
DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES POSTION DESCRIPTION - SAMPLE Classification: Forester-Senior Working Title: Forester POSITION SUMMARY: Within the assigned area, this position is responsible for fire management, which includes fire preparedness, fire suppression, and fire prevention on federal, state, county and private lands within the assigned area. This position implements and develops the fire suppression, prevention, and forestry law enforcement in the assigned fire response unit and ensures the completion of all fire management activities. This position includes fire line responsibilities such as initial attack, suppression and serves as the Incident Commander, Operations Section Chief, or as a Division Group Supervisor/Task Force/Strike Team Leader during fire suppression operations. This position also provides expert training to Fire Department personnel and other partners. This position is responsible for planning and conducting prescribed burning activities to achieve habitat and property management objectives. This position directs and provides forest management assistance on private lands, state lands and county forests, to include advice and services to private landowners and property managers; advice and services on state-owned lands; advice and services as the single point of contact or liaison to the assigned County Forest; advice and services on County Forest lands; and advice, services and administration of the Good Neighbor Authority agreement with the Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest. This position is key to public safety and security and requires the incumbent to meet and maintain the physical fitness test standards required for all Department protective positions. The principal duties of the position require active fire suppression duties which require frequent exposure to a high degree of danger or peril and also require a high degree of physical conditioning. -
Sampling and Measurement Protocols for Long-Term Silvicultural Studies on the Penobscot Experimental Forest
United States Department of Agriculture Sampling and Measurement Protocols for Long-term Silvicultural Studies on the Penobscot Experimental Forest Justin D. Waskiewicz Joshua J. Puhlick Laura S. Kenefic John C. Brissette Nicole S. Rogers Richard J. Dionne Forest Northern General Technical Service Research Station Report NRS-147 April 2015 Abstract The U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station has been conducting research on the silviculture of northern conifers on the Penobscot Experimental Forest (PEF) in Maine since 1950. Formal study plans provide guidance and specifications for the experimental treatments, but documentation is also needed to ensure consistency in data collection and sampling protocols. This guide details current sampling and measurement protocols for three of the longest running Forest Service experiments on the PEF: (1) the management intensity demonstration (1950 to present), (2) the compartment management study (1952 to present), and (3) the auxiliary selection cutting study (1953-present). Each of these long-term stand-scale experiments use plot-based measurements of trees taken at periodic intervals. Additional data collected vary and include regeneration, recruitment, and mortality; amount, size, and decay of dead wood; and stand structural characteristics such as heights, crown dimensions, and spatial locations of trees. Descriptions provided here are the basis for data collection in the relevant studies on the PEF, inform interpretation of the published databases, and serve as a model for silvicultural studies elsewhere. The Authors JUSTIN D. WASKIEWICZ is a lecturer with the Rubenstein School of Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington. LAURA S. KENEFIC is a research forester with the U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station, in Orono, ME. -
2021 Forestry CDE
2021 Forestry CDE New York Association of FFA All changes for 2021 are in the coordinator’s pocket card. Purpose The National FFA Forestry Career Development Event is designed to stimulate student interest and to promote the forestry industry as a career choice. It also provides recognition for those who have demonstrated skills and competencies resulting from forestry instruction in the agricultural education classroom. Objectives Students will be able to • Understand and use forestry terms. • Promote an understanding of the economic impact of the forest environment and the forest industry to the American economy. • Recognize sustainability (multiple use) opportunities in the forests. • Recognize environmental and social factors affecting the management of forests. • Identify major species of trees of economic importance to the United States and internationally. • Identify and properly use hand tools and equipment in forestry management. • Recognize and understand approved silvicultural practices in the United States. • Identify forest disorders. • Take a forest inventory. • Utilize marketing management strategies. • Recognize safety practices in forest management. Event Rules The complete rules, policies and procedures relevant to all National FFA Career and Leadership Development Events may be found in Guide to the Career and Leadership Development Events Policies and Procedures. • The team will consist of four individuals, and all four scores will count toward the team score. • The team score is comprised of the combined scores of each individual and the team activity in which all team members will participate. • Participants must come to the event prepared to work in adverse weather conditions. The event will be conducted regardless of weather. Participants should have rain gear, warm clothes and closed toed shoes. -
THE ERECT of the OAK HILT FUNGUS UPON OAK HOOD DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree
THE ERECT OF THE OAK HILT FUNGUS UPON OAK HOOD DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy In the Graduate School of the Ohio State University WILLIAM tf.BRANDT, BJU, M.Sc. The Ohio State University 1954 Approved ty: 'f e w i ACKN0HLEDGEMENT5 The writer wishes to express his deepest gratitude to Or* W.D. Gr^r for counsel and adrioe during this investigation, to Or* H*C* Young for suggesting the problem, to the Ohio Agricultural Exp eriment Station for sponsoring it, to the Statistics Laborstoxy at the Ohio State University for guidance, to the Department of Mechanics of the Ohio State University for adapting a machine to the purposes of the investigation and for use of the machine, to the Department of Electrical Engineering for use of an analytical balance and space in an air-conditioned laboratory, to the Forest Products Laboratory at Madison, Wisconsin, for advice and for the isolates of wood-rotting fungi used in Part U of the study, to George J* Bart and Oren W* Spilker for isolating associated fungi and procuring boards for blocks, and to maqy others who gave assistance and material aid* \ If) 107 ii CONTENTS Introduction ------------------------ 1 Part I. The Effect of the Oak Wilt Fungus on Oak Wood and on Sates of Decay ty sone Fungi Associated with It* Materials and Methods ----------------- 5 Results ------------------------ 16 Part II* Durability of Oak Wilt-Killed Oak* Materials and Methods ----------------- 24 Results ------------------------ 26 Summary —————————————————————————— -
A Glossary of Common Forestry Terms
W 428 A Glossary of Common Forestry Terms A Glossary of Common Forestry Terms David Mercker, Extension Forester University of Tennessee acre artificial regeneration A land area of 43,560 square feet. An acre can take any shape. If square in shape, it would measure Revegetating an area by planting seedlings or approximately 209 feet per side. broadcasting seeds rather than allowing for natural regeneration. advance reproduction aspect Young trees that are already established in the understory before a timber harvest. The compass direction that a forest slope faces. afforestation bareroot seedlings Establishing a new forest onto land that was formerly Small seedlings that are nursery grown and then lifted not forested; for instance, converting row crop land without having the soil attached. into a forest plantation. AGE CLASS (Cohort) The intervals into which the range of tree ages are grouped, originating from a natural event or human- induced activity. even-aged A stand in which little difference in age class exists among the majority of the trees, normally no more than 20 percent of the final rotation age. uneven-aged A stand with significant differences in tree age classes, usually three or more, and can be basal area (BA) either uniformly mixed or mixed in small groups. A measurement used to help estimate forest stocking. Basal area is the cross-sectional surface area (in two-aged square feet) of a standing tree’s bole measured at breast height (4.5 feet above ground). The basal area A stand having two distinct age classes, each of a tree 14 inches in diameter at breast height (DBH) having originated from separate events is approximately 1 square foot, while an 8-inch DBH or disturbances. -
Forest Inventory
Forest Inventory Basic knowledge The Forest Inventory Module is intended for people involved in the collection of data on forest resources. It provides insights into the types and purposes of forest inventories and sets out the main steps in conducting them, from measurement methods to data collection. The module provides basic and more detailed information on forest inventory, as well as links to forest inventory tools and case studies of effective forest inventories. Forest inventory is the systematic collection of data on the forestry resources within a given area. It allows assessment of the current status and lays the ground for analysis and planning, constituting the basis for sustainable forest management. In general, all inventory operations should follow at least the following steps: Definition of the inventory objectives and information desired. Development of sampling design and methods. Data collection (field surveys, remote sensing data analysis and other sources). Data analysis and publication of the results. Due to cost and time constraints inventories are generally carried out using sampling techniques. The general principle of sampling is to select a subset from a population and draw inferences from the sample to the entire population. The selection of the most appropriate sampling design is subject to several considerations (more details can be found in the Tools section of this module). Two basic considerations involve whether the objective is to set up a monitoring system (repeated measurements over time) and whether auxiliary information (i.e. aerial or satellite imageries) is available or not. The main factors determining the overall methodology are the purpose and the scale of the inventory.