DOCSLIB.ORG

Bohemian Space and Countercultural Place in San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury Neighborhood

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bohemian Space and Countercultural Place in San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury Neighborhood University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2017 Hippieland: Bohemian Space and Countercultural Place in San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury Neighborhood Kevin Mercer University of Central Florida Part of the History Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Masters Thesis (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Mercer, Kevin, "Hippieland: Bohemian Space and Countercultural Place in San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury Neighborhood" (2017). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 5540. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/5540 HIPPIELAND: BOHEMIAN SPACE AND COUNTERCULTURAL PLACE IN SAN FRANCISCO’S HAIGHT-ASHBURY NEIGHBORHOOD by KEVIN MITCHELL MERCER B.A. University of Central Florida, 2012 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of History in the College of Arts and Humanities at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Summer Term 2017 ABSTRACT This thesis examines the birth of the late 1960s counterculture in San Francisco’s Haight-Ashbury neighborhood. Surveying the area through a lens of geographic place and space, this research will look at the historical factors that led to the rise of a counterculture here. To contextualize this development, it is necessary to examine the development of a cosmopolitan neighborhood after World War II that was multicultural and bohemian into something culturally unique. It was within this space that a wellspring of drop-out culture evolved from a combination of psychedelic drugs, experimental lifestyles, and anarchistic thought. The contention of countercultural place was fully realized in the lead up to and during the “Summer of Love” in 1967. This pinnacle moment was also its demise as the massive influx of young people into the area stressed the area and the idea of a local hippie movement to a breaking point. The final part of this thesis looks at how this experience changed the area, and how the countercultural moved on to become a national movement, while its key practitioners moved their countercultural place making to smaller rural communes, where the lessons of the Haight-Ashbury could be applied. Collectively this work examines how a group of young people developed and changed the meaning of the Haight-Ashbury through the development of countercultural place thus inspiring a national movement that would adjust American society in innumerable ways. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank the following people for their contribution to this thesis: To Dr. Robert Cassanello, this project would not have been possible without the guidance and advice you have provided as my thesis chair and advisor This research began with a list of suggested readings over the produce section of the natural foods store where I was employed before graduate school. Since those initial conversations you have challenged my thinking and expanded my theoretical knowledge every step of the way. I’m thankful for your advice and mentorship that has made this project what it is. To Dr. Daniel Murphree, whose guidance and counsel have extended far beyond these pages. My graduate experience has been enriched by the opportunities to work with you as your student, graduate teaching assistant, and in publishing research with you. To Dr. Amy Foster, you have challenged me to think and research beyond my perceived limits. Your advice and expertise have enriched my graduate experience and this research. Thank you to the UCF Department of History and the UCF College of Graduate Studies for their funding and support. Special thanks to the San Francisco Public Library, the Bancroft Library at University of California Berkeley, and UCF Library for help with documents, sources, and citations. To my partner Abigail Moreshead who has both edited this thesis and listened to my big ideas evolve into this finished effort. I could not have crossed this finish-line without you. To my mother whose stories have helped shape my understanding of this subject and whose advice and support have been there every step of the way. To my brother, Keith, for never doubting. To Ian Marsh, the first person I met on the elevator on the way to orientation, you have remained my best friend and faithful companion throughout the entire process. Your patient advice is reflected throughout this research. To my friends Kris Steele, Drew Fedorka, and Estaban Leonardo Santis your friendship, intellectual curiosity, support, and enthusiasm have meant the world to me. To Jeremy Strykul, Jennifer and Eben Denton-Walker, and Catherine and Taylor Ashe for your friendship and support from the beginning. To Andy Smith for knowing everything there is to know about Frank Zappa. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 1 Research Considerations ................................................................................................. 4 Historiography ................................................................................................................. 5 Methodology ................................................................................................................. 13 Chapter Organization .................................................................................................... 15 CHAPTER ONE: HAIGHT-ASHBURY AS BOHEMIAN SPACE .............................. 17 Haight-Ashbury: A Brief History .................................................................................. 19 The Freeway Revolt and the Defense of a Cosmopolitan Neighborhood ..................... 22 Beatnik Bohemia ........................................................................................................... 24 Why San Francisco? ...................................................................................................... 28 Anarcho-Utopians ......................................................................................................... 35 “The San Francisco Sound” .......................................................................................... 39 Hippie Spirituality and the Monday Night Class .......................................................... 43 Golden Gate Park and the Human Be-In ....................................................................... 45 CHAPTER TWO: HAIGHT-ASHBURY AS COUNTERCULTRAL PLACE ............. 50 The Commodified Hippie.............................................................................................. 55 The Diggers ................................................................................................................... 60 Media ............................................................................................................................. 67 Authority, Addiction, Exploitation, and Invasion ......................................................... 71 Conclusion ..................................................................................................................... 76 CHAPTER THREE: COUNTERCULTURAL RESIDUE, MEMORY, AND NOSTALGIA .................................................................................................................... 79 “There’s No More Love in the Haight” ........................................................................ 81 The Changing Nature of the 1960s and the Expanded Counterculture ......................... 90 Communalism ............................................................................................................... 97 Place and Mobility ...................................................................................................... 101 Conclusion ................................................................................................................... 103 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................... 105 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................... 109 iv INTRODUCTION Between 1964 and 1968, San Francisco’s Haight-Ashbury was the center for an exploration of youth cultural protest, the American counterculture movement, informally known as the hippies. This movement grew directly out of the 1950s Beat Movement, focused in nearby North Beach. The counterculture’s dissent differed from the general left-wing radicalism advocated by other student movements of the time. The counterculture was defined as a social protest eager to reject the “mainstream” establishment culture while also politically rejecting traditional notions of right versus left. This approach was unique to the hippies, as it sought to create a “dropout” culture. The Haight-Ashbury served as both the birthplace and eventually a national gathering point for the like-minded people of this burgeoning group of cultural radicals. Young seekers, disillusioned with modern life and searching for an authentic experience traveled to the coastal California city in substantial numbers. In relocating to the district, individuals attempted to build a societal model that expressed their values of the community. These values included aspects
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Making Peace with the Sixties: Reevaluating the Legacy of a Cultural Revolution
    CHRISTIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE P.O. Box 8500, Charlotte, NC 28271 Feature Article: JAS060 MAKING PEACE WITH THE SIXTIES: REEVALUATING THE LEGACY OF A CULTURAL REVOLUTION by Steve Rabey This article first appeared in the Christian Research Journal, volume 27, number 4 (2004). For further information or to subscribe to the Christian Research Journal go to: http://www.equip.org SYNOPSIS The 1960s may be long gone, but they certainly are not forgotten, and many of the core ideas and values of this turbulent period remain alive and well in present-day America. Some Christians dismiss the sixties as a period of silliness. Other Christians, however, blame the decade for many of the ills that trouble contemporary America, even though the seeds of many of the sixties upheavals were sown during the seemingly placid fifties. Throughout the sixties, spiritually hungry seekers influenced both alternative and institutional streams of spirituality. Sixties spiritual values such as individualism, the valuing of experience over doctrine, the preference for anything new over anything old, the sacralization of the secular, and the use of drugs as a spiritual tool continue to have a profound influence on modern life and contemporary religion. The Jesus movement was one major Christian response to the revolutionary changes of the sixties. This movement’s contemporary music and more relaxed approach toward church are its major contributions to today’s ecclesiology. Though it was a turbulent and troubling time, the sixties forced many Americans to confront long-simmering issues such as race, gender, sexuality, war, authority, and patriotism. Anyone emerging today from a decades-long, Rip Van Winkle–like slumber (or even a Timothy Leary– like trip to the far side of the space-time continuum) might be forgiven for thinking he or she was still living in the 1960s.
    [Show full text]
  • Regional Oral History Office the Bancroft Library Evelyn Danzig
    Regional Oral History Office University of California The Bancroft Library Berkeley, California Evelyn Danzig Haas FINE ARTS AND FAMILY: THE SAN FRANCISCO MUSEUM OF MODERN ART, PHILANTHROPY, WRITING, AND HAAS FAMILY MEMORIES With Introductions by Eugene E. Trefethen and Elizabeth Haas Eisenhardt Interviews Conducted by Suzanne B. Riess in 1995 Copyright 1997 by The Regents of the University of California Since 1954 the Regional Oral History Office has been interviewing leading participants in or well-placed witnesses to major events in the development of Northern California, the West, and the Nation. Oral history is a method of collecting historical information through tape-recorded interviews between a narrator with firsthand knowledge of historically significant events and a well- informed interviewer, with the goal of preserving substantive additions to the historical record. The tape recording is transcribed, lightly edited for continuity and clarity, and reviewed by the interviewee. The corrected manuscript is indexed, bound with photographs and illustrative materials, and placed in The Bancroft Library at the University of California, Berkeley, and in other research collections for scholarly use. Because it is primary material, oral history is not intended to present the final, verified, or complete narrative of events. It is a spoken account, offered by the interviewee in response to questioning, and as such it is reflective, partisan, deeply involved, and irreplaceable. All uses of this manuscript are covered by a legal agreement between The Regents of the University of California and Evelyn Danzig Haas dated March 6, 1995. The manuscript is thereby made available for research purposes. All literary rights in the manuscript, including the right to publish, are reserved to The Bancroft Library of the University of California, Berkeley.
    [Show full text]
  • Night Passages the Tunnel Visions of Urban Explorer Steve Duncan
    SPRING 2010 COLUMBIA MAGAZINE Night Passages The tunnel visions of urban explorer Steve Duncan C1_FrontCover.indd C1 3/9/10 1:04 PM Process CyanProcess MagentaProcess YellowProcess BlackPANTONE 877 C CONTENTS Spring 2010 12 18 24 DEPARTMENTS FEATURES 2 Letters 12 The Night Hunter By Paul Hond 6 College Walk Urban explorer and photographer Steve Duncan Preview From the Bridge . approaches history from a different perspective. Aftershocks . Aliments of Style . Two Poems by Rachel Wetzsteon 18 Defending the University Former provost Jonathan R. Cole, author of 36 In the City of New York The Great American University, discusses the If grace can be attained through repetition, need to protect a vital national resource. WKCR’s Phil Schaap is a bodhisattva of bop. After 40 years, he’s still enlightening us. 24 X-Ray Specs By David J. Craig 40 News Some celestial bodies are so hot they’re invisible. Scientists have invented a telescope that will bring 48 Newsmakers them to light. 50 Explorations 28 Dateline: Iran By Caleb Daniloff 52 Reviews Kelly Niknejad launched Tehran Bureau to change the way we read and think about Iran. 62 Classifi eds 32 Seven Years: A Short Story 64 Finals By Herbert Gold What happens when the girl next door decides to move away? Cover: Self-portrait of Steve Duncan, Old Croton Aqueduct, Upper Manhattan, 2006 1 ToC_r1.indd 1 3/8/10 5:21 PM letters THE BIG HURT celiac disease (“Against the Grain,” Win- I was about 10 when I visited the pool I enjoyed the feature about Kathryn Bigelow ter 2009–10).
    [Show full text]
  • A Turf of Their Own
    HAVERFORD COLLEGE HISTORY DEPARTMENT A Turf of Their Own The Experiments and Contradictions of 1960s Utopianism David Ivy-Taylor 4/22/2011 Submitted to James Krippner in partial fulfillment of History 400: Senior Thesis Seminar Table of Contents Abstract 3 Acknowledgements 4 INTRODUCTION 5 Historical Problem 5 Historical Background 7 Sources 14 AN AQUARIAN EXPOSITION 16 The Event 16 The Myth 21 Historical Significance 25 DISASTER AT ALTAMONT .31 The Event 31 Media Coverage 36 Historical Significance 38 PEOPLE'S PARK: "A TURF OF THEIR OWN" 40 The Event 40 Media Coverage 50 Historical Significance 51 THE SAN FRANCISCO DIGGERS, COMMUNES, AND THE HUMAN BE-IN 52 Communes 52 The Diggers 54 San Francisco 55 CONCLUSIONS 59 BIBLIOGRAPHY 61 2 ABSTRACT After WWII, the world had to adjust to new technologies, new scientific concepts, new political realities, and new social standards. While America was economically wealthy after the war, it still had to deal with extremely difficult social and cultural challenges. Due to these new aspects of life, there were increasing differences in both the interests and values of children and their parents, what we have learned to call the "generation gap". The "generational gap" between the youth culture and their parents meant a polarizing society, each hating and completely misunderstanding the other.. This eventually resulted in a highly political youth culture that was laterally opposed to the government. Through isolation, the counterculture began to develop new philosophies and new ways of thinking, and a huge part of that philosophy was the pursuit of a "Good Society", a utopian dream for world peace.
    [Show full text]
  • The Counterculture Listen Listen Listen Listen the Counterculture a Time of Change a Time of Change
    1 The Counterculture TEKS 20(A), 20(B), 20(C), 20(E) 2 Listen During the 1960s and 1970s the values of many young Americans ran counter to those of traditional American culture. Those in this counterculture promoted freedom and individuality and challenged the authority of mainstream America. Their freer fashions and styles, like working- class clothing and long hair and beards, rejected the stiffness of the corporate world. Often they identified with the poor and downtrodden. 3 Listen The new generation also demanded freedom in personal relationships, leading to a “sexual revolution.” Young men and women experimented with different living arrangements, including living together outside of marriage. Part of this new freedom involved using psychedelic drugs. Drug use, especially marijuana, became more widespread. 4 Listen Music also contributed to the cultural changes of the 1960s, with popular youth rock groups such as the Beatles and the Rolling Stones. Symbolic of the new wave of music was the 1969 gathering of counterculture youth at the Woodstock festival in upstate New York. Some 400,000 people listened to major rock bands and enjoyed fellowship with each other. Some looked at it as a model for the new, more peaceful world. 5 Listen Many others, both young and old, deplored Woodstock, disturbed by what they saw as a rejection of traditional morals and important mainstream values. By the 1980s the young people of the counterculture had grown older, and most, who came from middle- class America, drifted back into the mainstream culture. 6 The Counterculture 1. What social changes were promoted by the counterculture? 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Cannabis (Sub)Culture, the Subcultural Repository, and Networked Mediation
    SIMULATED SESSIONS: CANNABIS (SUB)CULTURE, THE SUBCULTURAL REPOSITORY, AND NETWORKED MEDIATION Nathan J. Micinski A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS May 2014 Committee: Ellen Berry, Advisor Rob Sloane © 2014 Nathan Micinski All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Ellen Berry, Advisor Subcultural theory is traditionally rooted in notions of social deviance or resistance. The criteria for determining who or what qualifies as subcultures, and the most effective ways to study them, are based on these assumptions. This project seeks to address these traditional modes of studying subcultures and discover ways in which their modification may lead to new understandings and ways of studying subcultures in the contemporary moment. This will be done by suggesting a change in the criteria of examining subcultures from that of deviance or resistance to identification with a collection of images, symbols, rituals, and narratives. The importance of this distinction is the ability to utilize the insights that studying subcultures can offer while avoiding the faults inherent in speaking for or at a subculture rather than with or from it. Beyond addressing theoretical concerns, this thesis aims to apply notions of subcultural theory to study the online community of Reddit, in particular, a subset known as r/trees–a virtual repository for those images, symbols, rituals, and narratives of cannabis subculture. R/trees illustrates the life and vibrancy of a unique subcultural entity, which to this point has evaded a cultural studies analysis. To that end, this project advocates for the importance of the cultural studies approach to analyzing cannabis subculture and further, to insert the findings of this study into that gap in the literature.
    [Show full text]
  • Cannabis Sativa Native to Central Asia, Cultivated for Thousands of Years for Fiber, Seeds, Medicine, Drug Use
    THC/Marijuana Marijuana/THC Overview (an intoxicant) • Cannabis Sativa native to Central Asia, cultivated for thousands of years for fiber, seeds, medicine, drug use • Main psychoactive ingredient, delta- 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), from resin on unfertilized flowers • 421 chemicals (60-70 cannabinoids) • Psychoactive uses: euphoria, sedative, altered state of consciousness Marijuana Smoke vs. Tobacco Smoke • Which is more harmful? • Each type has more of certain toxins and carcinogens than other • Mitigating factors – Filtration – Additives – Frequency of use – Method of inhalation World Cannabis Highlights • Archaelogical record of hemp cord (~8000 B.C.) • Documentation of medical use in China (~2700 B.C.) • Religious use in India (~2000 B.C.) • Hashish use in Arab world (~1000 A.D.) • Western World learns of psychoactive use (mid 1800s) U.S. Cannabis History • Harvested for hemp in American colonies • Smoking introduced in 1850s by Mexicans and West Indians • Portrayed as evil in 1920s, laws passed to outlaw use • By mid-1930s, considered a “narcotic” • Marijuana Tax Act (1937): made illegal • By 1940 public convinced that it – Induced violent crimes – Led to heroin addiction – Was a great social menace U.S. Cannabis History continued • THC isolated from marijuana (1964) • Hippie era (1960s) • Synthetic marijuana - Marinol (1980) • First cannabinoid receptor isolated and cloned (1990) • Endogenous ligand (anandamide) isolated (1992) • Voters in CA, AZ approve medical use (1996) • Marinol as Schedule 3 (1999) THC Pharmacokinetics • Absorption – Inhaled (smoked) – Oral (tea, food) • Distribution – Peak blood levels in about 10 minutes – Significant depot binding due to high lipid solubility THC Pharmacokinetics continued • Metabolism and Elimination – Metabolized almost entirely by liver – Half-life 20-30+ hours (1-10 days) – More than 24 metabolites, some of which are psychoactive (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Hair: the Performance of Rebellion in American Musical Theatre of the 1960S’
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Winchester Research Repository University of Winchester ‘Hair: The Performance of Rebellion in American Musical Theatre of the 1960s’ Sarah Elisabeth Browne ORCID: 0000-0003-2002-9794 Doctor of Philosophy December 2017 This Thesis has been completed as a requirement for a postgraduate research degree of the University of Winchester MPhil/PhD THESES OPEN ACCESS / EMBARGO AGREEMENT FORM This Agreement should be completed, signed and bound with the hard copy of the thesis and also included in the e-copy. (see Thesis Presentation Guidelines for details). Access Permissions and Transfer of Non-Exclusive Rights By giving permission you understand that your thesis will be accessible to a wide variety of people and institutions – including automated agents – via the World Wide Web and that an electronic copy of your thesis may also be included in the British Library Electronic Theses On-line System (EThOS). Once the Work is deposited, a citation to the Work will always remain visible. Removal of the Work can be made after discussion with the University of Winchester’s Research Repository, who shall make best efforts to ensure removal of the Work from any third party with whom the University of Winchester’s Research Repository has an agreement. Agreement: I understand that the thesis listed on this form will be deposited in the University of Winchester’s Research Repository, and by giving permission to the University of Winchester to make my thesis publically available I agree that the: • University of Winchester’s Research Repository administrators or any third party with whom the University of Winchester’s Research Repository has an agreement to do so may, without changing content, translate the Work to any medium or format for the purpose of future preservation and accessibility.
    [Show full text]
  • Hair for Rent: How the Idioms of Rock 'N' Roll Are Spoken Through the Melodic Language of Two Rock Musicals
    HAIR FOR RENT: HOW THE IDIOMS OF ROCK 'N' ROLL ARE SPOKEN THROUGH THE MELODIC LANGUAGE OF TWO ROCK MUSICALS A Thesis Presented to The Graduate Faculty of The University of Akron In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Music Eryn Stark August, 2015 HAIR FOR RENT: HOW THE IDIOMS OF ROCK 'N' ROLL ARE SPOKEN THROUGH THE MELODIC LANGUAGE OF TWO ROCK MUSICALS Eryn Stark Thesis Approved: Accepted: _____________________________ _________________________________ Advisor Dean of the College Dr. Nikola Resanovic Dr. Chand Midha _______________________________ _______________________________ Faculty Reader Interim Dean of the Graduate School Dr. Brooks Toliver Dr. Rex Ramsier _______________________________ _______________________________ Department Chair or School Director Date Dr. Ann Usher ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................. iv CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................1 II. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY ...............................................................................3 A History of the Rock Musical: Defining A Generation .........................................3 Hair-brained ...............................................................................................12 IndiffeRent .................................................................................................16 III. EDITORIAL METHOD ..............................................................................................20
    [Show full text]
  • Bay Area Reporter, Volume 11, Number 17, 13 August 1981
    I 528 15TH STREET, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94103 TELEPHONE: 415/861-5019 VOL. XI NO. 17 AUGUST 13, 1981 SFPD Raid Hotel In the last several months close to two hundred people Guests and Staff in Uproar have paid $150 for the right to get, keep or look at the by Paul Lorch kicking down doors, physical¬ bodies which have become ly and verbally roughing up such a tourist attraction in the Residents of the Zee Hotel both staff and guests and Castro. This financial exercise were stilt reeling in shock this arresting over a dozen males was done at a gym formerly week over what they uniform¬ (although even at this point called “The Pump Room” on ly feel was a horror-filled vio¬ the Zee people still aren’t sure upper Market Street. lation of their lives. On Thurs¬ of exactly how many were day, August 6, shortly after booked, how many were sub¬ It seems the man who own¬ 5pm the Tenderloin hotel sequently released, or how ed the Pump Room decided to let the air out of the Pump “You have a building full of queers and crimi¬ Room and head South. This has left the owner of the nals and we 're going to get rid of them for you. ” building, through various legal procedures, with a really San Francisco Police Officer jazzy and well-equipped gym. at the Zee Hotel Thus, under the auspices of one Loran Lee there is now found itself awash in a sea of many are still in custody). The Bodyworks Gym where undercover police.
    [Show full text]
  • The Counterculture of the 1960S in the United States: an ”Alternative Consciousness”? Mélisa Kidari
    The Counterculture of the 1960s in the United States: An ”Alternative Consciousness”? Mélisa Kidari To cite this version: Mélisa Kidari. The Counterculture of the 1960s in the United States: An ”Alternative Conscious- ness”?. Literature. 2012. dumas-00930240 HAL Id: dumas-00930240 https://dumas.ccsd.cnrs.fr/dumas-00930240 Submitted on 14 Jan 2014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. The Counterculture of the 1960s in the United States: An "Alternative Consciousness"? Nom : KIDARI Prénom : Mélisa UFR ETUDES ANGLOPHONES Mémoire de master 1 professionnel - 12 crédits Spécialité ou Parcours : parcours PLC Sous la direction de Andrew CORNELL Année universitaire 2011-2012 The Counterculture of the 1960s in the United States: An "Alternative Consciousness"? Nom : KIDARI Prénom : Mélisa UFR ETUDES ANGLOPHONES Mémoire de master 1 professionnel - 12 crédits Spécialité ou Parcours : parcours PLC Sous la direction de Andrew CORNELL Année universitaire 2011-2012 Acknowledgements I would like to thank Mr. Andrew Cornell for his precious advice and his
    [Show full text]
  • The Sixties Counterculture and Public Space, 1964--1967
    University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Doctoral Dissertations Student Scholarship Spring 2003 "Everybody get together": The sixties counterculture and public space, 1964--1967 Jill Katherine Silos University of New Hampshire, Durham Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation Recommended Citation Silos, Jill Katherine, ""Everybody get together": The sixties counterculture and public space, 1964--1967" (2003). Doctoral Dissertations. 170. https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/170 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps.
    [Show full text]