1 The Counterculture TEKS 20(A), 20(B), 20(C), 20(E) 2 Listen
During the 1960s and 1970s the values of many young Americans ran counter to those of traditional American culture. Those in this counterculture promoted freedom and individuality and challenged the authority of mainstream America. Their freer fashions and styles, like working- class clothing and long hair and beards, rejected the stiffness of the corporate world. Often they identified with the poor and downtrodden. 3 Listen
The new generation also demanded freedom in personal relationships, leading to a “sexual revolution.” Young men and women experimented with different living arrangements, including living together outside of marriage. Part of this new freedom involved using psychedelic drugs. Drug use, especially marijuana, became more widespread. 4 Listen
Music also contributed to the cultural changes of the 1960s, with popular youth rock groups such as the Beatles and the Rolling Stones. Symbolic of the new wave of music was the 1969 gathering of counterculture youth at the Woodstock festival in upstate New York. Some 400,000 people listened to major rock bands and enjoyed fellowship with each other. Some looked at it as a model for the new, more peaceful world. 5 Listen
Many others, both young and old, deplored Woodstock, disturbed by what they saw as a rejection of traditional morals and important mainstream values. By the 1980s the young people of the counterculture had grown older, and most, who came from middle- class America, drifted back into the mainstream culture. 6 The Counterculture
1. What social changes were promoted by the counterculture?
2. How did music both reflect and contribute to the cultural changes of this era? 7 A Time of Change
In the 1960s, many young people adopted values that ran counter to, or against, the mainstream culture. These young people were considered members of the counterculture.
Members of the counterculture, also called hippies, valued youth, spontaneity, and individuality.
8 A Time of Change
Personal appearance in the 1960s reflected counterculture views of rejecting restrictions and challenging authority. Long hair for both men and women and colorful, loose-fitting clothing were popular.
Art in the 1960s reflected counterculture ideas. Artists such as Andy Warhol and Roy Lichtenstein produced revolutionary works.
Youths in the 1960s formed the largest generation in American history. As a result, they had an enormous impact on American society.
1 9 The Sexual Revolution and the Drug Scene The Sexual Revolution
Sexual conduct was one area in which youth sought freedom to make personal choices.
Many youths experimented with new living patterns, including communal living and living as unmarried couples.
The emergence of new views on sexual conduct was labeled “the sexual revolution.”
The sexual revolution led to more open discussion of sexual subjects in the mainstream media. 10 The Sexual Revolution and the Drug Scene The Drug Scene
The use of illegal drugs, especially marijuana, became widespread among youth during the 1960s.
Proponents of psychedelic drugs, including researcher Timothy Leary, claimed that drugs could help free the mind.
Drug use presented serious dangers. Some drug users, including several leading musicians, died of complications from drug overdoses. 11 The Music World
Music both reflected and contributed to the cultural changes of the 1960s.
A new interest in folk music emerged among counterculture youth. Protest songs and songs that depicted the lives of ordinary people became popular.
In 1964, a revolution in rock music that some called the British Invasion began. Two British rock groups, the Beatles and the Rolling Stones, gained enormous popularity among American teenagers. 12 Movies and Music of the 60s 13 Rock Festivals in the 1960s Woodstock
In August 1969, hundreds of thousands of people attended the Woodstock Music and Art Fair, a several-day gathering in a large pasture in Bethel, New York.
The Woodstock festival became best known for the fellowship that many experienced there.
Police avoided confrontations at Woodstock by choosing not to enforce drug laws. The festival remained peaceful and under control despite the large crowds. 14 The Woodstock Generation 15 Rock Festivals in the 1960s Altamont
Another rock festival, held at the Altamont Speedway in California in December 1969, provided a contrast to the peaceful gathering at Woodstock.
Members of Hell’s Angels, an infamous motorcycle gang hired to provide security, beat a man to death when he approached the stage with a gun. 16 Communal Living
Some children of the sixties counterculture “hippies” dropped out and left the cities for the countryside to experiment with utopian lifestyles in communes. Away from urban problems and suburban sameness, they built new lives structured around shared political goals, organic farming, community service, and the longing to live simply with one's peers. 17 Reactions to the Counterculture
Many adults deplored the drugs, sex, and nudity that they saw at the Woodstock festival and around the country.
These adults viewed the counterculture as a childish reaction to the problems of the era. They disliked the rejection of traditional morals and values which counterculture youth adopted.
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19 The Counterculture—Assessment Which of the following was characteristic of hippies? (A) Short hair for both men and women
2 (B) Communal living (C) Opposition to illegal drug use (D) Traditional attitudes toward sexual conduct
How did Woodstock and Altamont differ? (A) Woodstock remained peaceful while Altamont involved violence. (B) Altamont remained peaceful while Woodstock involved violence. (C) Altamont was an art festival while Woodstock was a music festival. (D) Woodstock received adult approval while Altamont did not. 20 The Counterculture—Assessment Which of the following was characteristic of hippies? (A) Short hair for both men and women (B) Communal living (C) Opposition to illegal drug use (D) Traditional attitudes toward sexual conduct
How did Woodstock and Altamont differ? (A) Woodstock remained peaceful while Altamont involved violence. (B) Altamont remained peaceful while Woodstock involved violence. (C) Altamont was an art festival while Woodstock was a music festival. (D) Woodstock received adult approval while Altamont did not. 21 QUIZ
Put your name, date, and period on a piece of binder paper – number it 1 to 10.
Make sure to title the quiz.
Complete the quiz.
QUIZ 22 Work Look over your notes from today.
1. Answer the 2 questions from today’s lecture.
2. In five sentences, write a brief summary of what we went over in class today. Use the highlighted key terms in your summary!
Title the paper the same as the Lecture Notes.
Make sure to put your Name , Date , and Period in the upper right hand corner of your page.
Turn this in at the beginning of class tomorrow – put it in the hand-in/collection basket.
Worth 25 out of 100 points for this week’s Daily grade.
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