UDK: 582.284.063.7(497.7) Acta Musei Macedonici Scientiarum Naturalium, 2018, Vol. 21, pp: 23-112 Received: 10.07.2018 ISSN: 0583-4988 (printed version) Accepted: 07.11.2018 ISSN: 2545-4587 (on-line version) Review paper Available on-line at: www.acta.musmacscinat.mk Checklist of macrofungal species from the phylum Basidiomycota of the Republic of Macedonia Mitko Karadelev1*, Katerina Rusevska1, Gerhard Kost2, Danijela Mitic Kopanja1 1Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science and Mathematics, Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Macedonia 2Department of Systematic Botany and Mycology, Faculty of Biology, Philipps University of Marburg, Germany *corresponding author’s e-mail: [email protected] Abstract The interest in macrofungal studies in Macedonia has been growing in the past 20 years. The data sources used are published data, exsiccatae and notes from our own studies, as well as specimens from other collectors. According to the research conducted up to now, a total of 1,735 species, 27 varieties and 4 forms of Basidiomycota have been recorded in the country. A large part of this data is a result of the field and taxonomic work in the last two decades. This paper includes 497 taxa new to Macedonia. Key words: fungi, Macedonian macrofungi diversity, nomenclature, taxonomy. Introduction array of regions in Macedonia, such as Pelister, Jakupi- ca, Galichica, Golem Grad Island, Kozuf, Shar Planina From a mycological perspective, the Republic of and South Povardarie, mainly lignicolous species of Macedonia has been studied reasonably well. A num- fungi were studied (Tortić 1988; Karadelev 1993, ber of publications have been made by foreign mycolo- 1995c, d; Karadelev, Rusevska 2000; Karadelev et al. gists, who predominantly visited the country only once 2002a, b, d, 2003a). or studied the material delivered to them by others, Systematic research on fungi was particularly inten- such as Litschauer (1939), Petrak (1936), Pilàt (1936- sified after 2000, upon the establishment of the Myco- 42), Sydow (1921). Among Yugoslav mycologists, Rano- logical Laboratory (at the Institute of Biology, Faculty of jević (1909, 1938) and Lindtner (1943) provided some Natural Science and Mathematics, Ss Cyril and Metho- data on fungi in Macedonia, primarily microfungi. The dius University, Skopje). Ever since then, in this special- pivotal Lindtner's papers on macrofungi of Macedonia ised laboratory, collection and identification of myco- are those written together with Pilát (1938, 1939). logical material have been performed by the mycolo- Nonetheless, the chief contribution to the research into gists-in-charge (Dr. Mitko Karadelev and Dr. Katerina Macedonian mycobiota was made by Tortić (1967- Rusevska), accompanied by graduate, master and PhD 1988), who published, alone or with co-authors, many students. Owing to the research of the last two dec- papers as part of her research in this country. Milica ades, a more comprehensive notion has been gained as Tortić was the first to have conducted systematic stud- regards mycodiversity of several regions in the country ies on the mycobiota of different areas (Pelister and (Vodno, Bistra, Dobra Voda, Jablanica, Mavrovo, Jakupica Mts.). In 1988 she published first contribution Osogovo Mountains, Ograzden, Shar Planina, etc.) or a to the mycobiota of Macedonia (Tortić 1988), where variety of systematic categories (principally, macrofun- her research was summarised and covered 585 species gi; e.g. Amanita, Ganoderma, Hymenochaete, Hypho- of "higher" fungi. Furthermore, a number of phyto- derma, Peniophora, Phellinus, boletoid, gasteroid, hy- pathologists - Minev, Tomashevik, Grujoska, Serafimov- pogeous and hallucinogenic fungi, morels etc.). All ski, Papazov, Koleva-Shekutkovska and Sotirovski stud- listed species belonging to the phylum Basidiomycota, ied saprobe and parasitic fungi along with the diseases while myxomycetes, oomycetes, zygomycetes, rusts they cause. In the later period of time, until 2000, in an and smut fungi are insufficiently studied yet. 23 Karadelev et al. 2018. Checklist of macrofungal species from the phylum Basidiomycota of the Republic of Macedonia The Mycological Laboratory houses the national literature; data from field research trips, examined ex- collection of fungi of Macedonia, officially registered as siccates from the Macedonian Collection of fungi and the Macedonian Collection of Fungi (MCF), which con- data from the MACFUNGI database. A majority of the tains approximately 25,000 specimens and it is con- listed basidiomycetes belong to the following families: stantly updated. It primarily comprises macrofungi Russulacea, Cortinariaceae, Mycenaceae, Tricholoma- specimens from Macedonia but also from other coun- taceae, Entolomataceae, Inocybaceae, etc. The most tries. The basic data about each and every specimen abundant genus is Cortinarius with 122 species, fol- are input into the database (MACFUNGI), which in- lowed by Russula (88), Mycena (56), Lactarius (51), cludes around 37,000 data records, largely from Mace- Entoloma (44), Tricholoma (43), Inocybe (39), Amanita donia but also from different countries. (38) and Hygrophorus represented by 26 species. Among the taxa listed, 497 are reported for the first time for the country (486 species, 9 varieties and 2 Material and methods forms). Regarding their trophic affiliation, most of the recorded species have been registered as humicolous, The data sources used are as follows: published lignicolous and plant debris saprobes, parasites, as well data, exsiccatae and notes from our own studies, the as mycorrhizal species. To date, 195 basidiomycetes are Macedonian Collection of Fungi (MCF), the database categorized in the Macedonian Red List of Fungi (MACFUNGI), as well as specimens from other collec- (Karadelev and Rusevska 2013). The majority data for tors. The determination of the species was performed the basidiomycetes in Macedonia are from the follow- during the field research and in the Mycological Labora- ing mountains: Belasica, Bistra, Galichica, Karadzhica, tory of the Institute of Biology at the Faculty of Natural Kozhuf, Mavrovo NP, Pelister, Shar Planina, Skopska Science in Skopje, microscopically, by help of using rea- Crna Gora, etc. Current biogeographical data and many gents (Melzers reagent, KOH, Cotton blue, Congo Red, records of apparently rare and noteworthy species indi- sulphovanillin etc.). Certain species were identified cate that the diversity of basidiomycetes in Macedonia while still in a fresh condition, and the others were is still incompletely known and demonstrates the need identified during further laboratory analyses. Part of for a research in a greater depth. the samples was preserved and deposited in MCF, while all indispensable data about the species were stored in the MACFUNGI database. The species names Conclusions follow Index Fungorum (Kirk, 2018) and/or MycoBank (Stalpers and Cock, 2018). The species are reported in On the basis of prior mycological research in Mace- alphabetical order. Basic data on localities, habitat donia, including a period of two decades intensively type, substrate, and collection dates are included for all work, 1,766 taxa of basidiomycete in total, have been taxa new to Macedonia. All collections of new taxa for recorded thus far. One third, i.e. 497 taxa are present- Macedonia are stored in MCF. ed here as new to Macedonia. Among them there are 9 varieties and 2 forms. Different geographical regions and various type of habitats in Macedonia were stud- Results and discussion ied. Rare and endangered species found during this period contribute to the preparation of the Macedoni- Presented checklist (Annex 1) establishes the cur- an Red List of Fungi, where 195 species belong to Ba- rent knowledge of the diversity of all known up to now sidiomycota. Basidiomycota taxa in the Republic of Macedonia. The phylum Basidiomycota is the most diverse and the larg- est taxonomic category in Fungi with approximately Acknowledgements 31,500 known taxa (Kirk et al. 2008). Compared to larg- er ascomycetes (257 known species) it is more explored First and foremost, the authors are indebted to all fungal group in Macedonia, with total number of 1735 graduated students with diploma work in the field of registered species, 27 varieties and 4 forms up to now. mycology, as well as all current and past, MSc and PhD The checklist includes taxa documented from existing students from the Institute of Biology, who have been 24 Acta Musei Macedonici Scientiarum Naturalium, 21 (1): 23-112 instrumental in compilation of the current macrofungal Chavdarova, S., Kajevska, I., Rusevska, K., Grebenc, T., checklist by collection and species identification of fun- Karadelev, M., 2011. Distribution and ecology of gal material, as well as providing laboratory assistance. hypogeous fingi (excluding Tuber) in the Republic of A great debt of gratitude is also owed to the Faculty of Macedonia. (2011). Biologia Macedonica, 62: 37-48. Natural Science in Skopje for its continuous support of Grebenc, T., Shumkovska-Dimitrovska, J., Rusevska, K., our scientific efforts. Our special thanks go to the NGOs Kraigher, H., Karadelev, M., 2008. Molecular phylog- (Macedonian Mycological Society, Biology Students’ eny of Antrodia juniperina (Murrill) Niemelä and Research Society and Macedonian Ecological Society) Pyrofomes demidoffii (Lév.) Kotl. & Pouzar in the and all domestic and international funding authorities Republic of Macedonia and correlation to their po- and donors, who have donated