国立科博専報，（47）： 339–365，2011年4月15日 Mem. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, (47): 339–365, April 15, 2011

Squat Lobsters of the Genus Munida (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Munididae) from the Ogasawara Islands, with Descriptions of Four New Species

Tomoyuki Komai

Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba, 955–2 Aoba-cho, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 260–8682, Japan E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract. The present study reports on the squat lobster genus Munida Leach, 1820 (Anomura: Munididae) collected in the Ogasawara Islands during the Project “Studies on the Origin of Bio- diversity in the Sagami Sea Fossa Magna Element and the Izu-Ogasawara (Bonin) Arc” in 2006–2010, carried out by the National Museum and Nature and Science. Six species were iden- tified, including four new species: M. disiunctus sp. nov., M. honshuensis Benedict, 1902, M. koyo sp. nov., M. longinquus sp. nov., M. munin sp. nov., and M pectinata Macpherson and Ma- chordom, 2005. The two previously described species are newly recorded from the area, of them M. pectinata is first recorded from waters outside New Caledonia. Affinities of the four new spe- cies are discussed. Key words: Crustacea, Munididae, Munida, new species, Ogasawara Islands

Pacific (e.g., Baba, 1988; 1994; 2005; Baba et al., Introduction 2009; Macpherson, 1993; 1994; 1996a; 1996b; The galatheoid fauna of the oceanic Ogasawara 1997; 1999a; 1999b; 2000; 2004; 2006a; 2006b; Islands, located at about 1000 km south of Tokyo, 2009; Macpherson and de Saint Laurent, 1991; central Japan, is little known, although some pub- Macpherson and Baba, 1993; Macpherson and lications have been published (Stimpson, 1858; Machordom, 2005; Machordom and Macpherson, Balss, 1913; Melin, 1939; Miyake and Baba, 2004; Ahyong and Poore, 2004; Ahyong, 2007). 1965; Osawa and Okuno, 2002). With regard to There is no doubt that many species await discov- the genus Munida Leach, 1820, only a few spe- ery in the Ogasawara Islands. cies have been reported from the area. Melin During a five-year project carried out by the (1939) recorded Munida japonica Stimpson, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo, 1858, and M. heteracantha Ortmann, 1892 (as “Studies on the Origin of Biodiversity in the Saga- Munida japonica var. heteracantha) from Chichi- mi Sea, Fossa Magna Element and the Izu-Ogasa- jima Island, but the identification of his record of wara Arc” (2006–2010), dredgings and/or trap M. japonica still needs to be verified (Baba et al., samplings using research vessels were made in 2008). Takeda and Kurata (1976) mentioned an the shallow to upper bathyal zone in waters unidentified specimen obtained from gut contents around the Ogasawara Islands. Numerous deca- of fish as Munida sp. Osawa and Okuno (2002) pod crustaceans were collected. The present study reported the occurrence of M. olivarae Macpher- reports on species of Munida represented by six son, 1994 in Otouto-jima Island. The genus is species, including four new to science and one currently represented by 246 species worldwide new to the Japanese fauna. Supplemental collec- (De Grave et al., 2009), and recent studies have tions housed in the Natural History Museum and shown the great species diversity of the genus in Institute, Chiba, were also examined. the tropical and subtropical waters in the West The material examined is deposited in the Na- 340 Tomoyuki Komai tional Museum of Nature and Science (NSMT) gle, relatively long, reaching sinus between ros- and Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba trum and supraocular spines. Second marginal (CBM). The carapace length (cl), as the indica- spine anterior to cervical groove less than 0.2 tion of specimen size, was measured from the length of anterolateral spine. Branchial margins level of the sinus between rostrum and supraocu- each with 5 small spines, anteriormost spine larg- lar spines to the midpoint of the posterodorsal er than other spines. margin in the midline. The lengths of segments of Rostrum (Fig. 1A) spiniform, about 0.5 times cheliped are measured along the dorsomesial as long as carapace, nearly horizontal in lateral margin and those of ambulatory legs are along the view. Supraocular spines moderately long and dorsal or extensor margin. The higher classifica- slender, parallel in dorsal view and very slightly tion follows Ahyong et al. (2010). ascending in lateral view, about 0.4 length of ros- trum. Pterygostomial flap with sharp spine anteriorly, Taxonomic Account lateral face rugose with irregular transverse or Superfamily Galatheoidea obliquely transverse ridges. Family Munididae Third thoracic sternite (Fig. 1B) about 2.9 Genus Munida Leach, 1820 times wider than long, almost as wide as anterior margin of fourth sternite; anterior margin faintly Munida disiunctus sp. nov. [New Japanese: granulate, with distinct median notch. Fourth ster- Hanare-chū-koshiori-ebi] (Figs. 1–2) nite with few transverse striae. Fifth to seventh Materials examined. Holotype: R/V Koyo, sternites nearly smooth. Transverse ridges nearly 2010 cruise, stn 17, W of Mago-jima Island, smooth, with row of short setae. 27°12.78′N, 142°05.14′E, 160 m, 7 July 2010, Second abdominal somite (Fig. 1A) with un- male (cl 6.9 mm), NSMT-Cr S 853. armed anterior ridge and 2 or 3 transverse striae Paratype: R/V Koyo, 2008 cruise, stn 23, W of on tergum. Third somite (Fig. 1A) with unarmed Chichi-jima Island, 27°12.04′N, 142°04.28′E, anterior ridge and 1–3 transverse striae. Fourth 202–199 m, 30 October 2008, 1 male (cl 5.2 somite with unarmed anterior ridge and few striae mm), NSMT-Cr S 854. interrupted medially. Sixth somite (Fig. 1C) with Description. Carapace (excluding rostrum) 2 transverse striae interrupted laterally. Telson (Fig. 1A) about 1.1 times longer than wide. Dor- (Fig. 1C) distinctly wider than long, with numer- sal surface gently convex transversely; main ous squamiform ridges on proximal half. transverse ridges mostly interrupted; only few Eyes (Fig. 1A) large. Cornea strongly dilated secondary transverse striae present between main and somewhat flattened dorsoventrally, corneal ridges; most ridges and striae with dense short, width much greater than sinus between rostrum non-iridescent setae. Gastric region slightly ele- and supraocular spine and 0.25–0.30 of carapace vated, with 6 pairs of epigastric spines and medi- length. Eyestalk slightly narrowed proximally, an spine or tubercle. Cervical groove distinct. with 1 stria on dorsal surface; eyelash short, not Parahepatic, hepatic, anterobranchial spines pres- covering corneal surface. ent, these spines small; postcervical spines absent. Basal segment of antennular peduncle (Fig. Anterior part of branchial region between cervical 1D) moderately stout, reaching distal corneal groove and transverse groove without granules; margin, length excluding distal spines about 2.0 lateral part of posterior branchial region with 8 or of width; distal spines moderately long and slen- 9 transverse ridges. Intestinal region with 1 rather der, unequal with distomesial spine somewhat broad scale. Frontal margins nearly transverse. shorter than distolateral spine; 2 lateral spines Lateral margins feebly convex in dorsal view. An- present, first spine far overreaching distal spines, terolateral spines each located at anterolateral an- located somewhat proximal to base of distolateral Munida from Ogasawara Islands 341

Fig. 1. Munida disiunctus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 6.9 mm), NSMT-Cr S 853. A, carapace, first to third abdominal somites, and cephalic appendages, dorsal view (distal two segments of antennular peduncles omitted); B, thoracic sternum, ventral view; C, sixth abdominal somite and telson, external view; D, basal segment of left antennular pe- duncle, ventral view; E, left antennal peduncle, ventral view; F, endopod of left third maxilliped, lateral view; G, right cheliped, dorsal view; H, same, merus, ventral view; I, same, carpus ventral view. Setae omitted. Scale bars: 2 mm for A, C, G–I; 1 mm for B, D–F. 342 Tomoyuki Komai spine, second spine short, located slightly proxi- sharp claw, with 1 or 2 small subdistal spines; mal to base of first spine; statocyst lobe not par- cutting edge weakly denticulate; surfaces with ticularly inflated. scattered short setae dorsally, sparse long stiff se- Antennal peduncle (Fig. 1E) moderately stout, tae laterally and mesially. Dactylus 0.8–1.0 times not reaching distal corneal margins. First segment as long as palm, unarmed or armed with some with moderately long distomesial spine not reach- small granules proximally on dorsal surface, ter- ing distal margin of third segment; distolateral minating in sharp, curved claw crossing tip of angle unarmed. Second segment with distomesial fixed finger; lateral margin with proximal and spine overreaching distal margin of fourth seg- subterminal spines (two additional spines present ment, distolateral spine reaching slightly beyond on lateral margin in holotype, otherwise unarmed third segment, mesial spine tiny. Third and fourth in paratype), with several long stiff setae; cutting segments unarmed. edge with denticulate over entire length; narrow Third maxilliped (Fig. 1F) moderately slender. proximal hiatus between dactylus and fixed finger Ischium distinctly longer than merus, with strong in holotype, no hiatus in paratype. ventrodistal spine, produced dorsodistal angle ter- Ambulatory legs (second to fourth pereopods) minating in sharp spine. Merus with 2 greatly un- moderately long and slender, decreasing in length equal spines on ventral margin, distal spine small, posteriorly; setal row on dorsal or extensor mar- proximal spine arising at about midlength very gin of merus to propodus consisting of thin plu- strong; dorsodistal margin unarmed. Carpus mose and thick iridescent setae. Second pereopod smooth on extensor surface. Propodus subequal (Fig. 2A, B) about 2.5 times as long as carapace; in length to carpus, not expanded. Dactylus short- merus 0.7–0.8 times as long as carapace, about er than propodus. 6.4 times longer than high, dorsal margin with Chelipeds (Fig. 1G–H) strongly squamous, row of 6–8 spines, distal spine strongest, ventral similar, subequal in length, 3.4 times as long as margin with 1 strong distal spine followed by 2–4 carapace at most, equally broad on merus, carpus smaller spines and short transverse ridges, lateral and palm; mesial face of merus to palm with mix- face with few short striae or squamiform ridges; ture of short plumose setae and stiff iridescent se- carpus about 0.3 length of propodus, with promi- tae. Merus with row of 4–6 spines on dorsal sur- nent extensor distal spine and 2 or 3 small spines face laterally (spines increasing in size distally) or spinules on extensor margin, flexor distal mar- and 3–5 spines mesially (spine at distomesial an- gin produced in spine; propodus unarmed on ex- gle strong and diverging); lateral face with small tensor margin, lateral face almost smooth, flexor spine at ventrodistal angle, no other spines; mesi- margin with row of 10 movable spines; dactylus al face with row of 3 spines adjacent to dorsal (Fig. 2B) about 0.7 times as long as propodus and margin and row of 3 spines adjacent to ventral about 6.0 times as long as high, slightly curved margin, ventromesial distal angle with spine. Car- sinuously, bearing sparse short to long stiff setae, pus shorter than palm; dorsolateral margin with 5 flexor margin slightly sinuous, with 8 corneous small spines (distalmost spine strongest), dor- spines in proximal 0.7–0.8, notably decreasing in somesial margin also with 6 spines; ventrodistal length proximally, distal 0.2–0.3 only with sub- angle with small spine. Palm slightly widened terminal spinule closely appressed to unguis. distally, 2.6–3.2 times longer than wide; dorsal Third pereopod (Fig. 2C) with merus bearing row surface with row of median row of 4 or 5 small of 6 spines increasing in size distally on dorsal spines and 1 spine at articulation to dactylus, dor- margin and row of 2–4 spines and short trans- solateral margin with 2 or 3 small spines, dor- verse ridges on ventral margin; carpus with 1 somesial margin with 7 small spines; mesial face prominent extensor distal spine and 2 or 3 addi- with row of 3 small spines adjacent to dorsal mar- tional smaller spines on extensor margin; propo- gin. Fixed finger nearly straight, terminating in dus with 10 or 11 movable spines on flexor mar- Munida from Ogasawara Islands 343

Fig. 2. Munida disiunctus sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 6.9 mm), NSMT-Cr S 853. Right ambulatory legs, lateral view, setae omitted except for B. A, second pereopod; B, same, distal part of propodus and dactylus, setation shown; C, third pereopod; D, fourth pereopod. Scale bars: 1 mm. gin; dactylus with 8 corneous spines on flexor Distribution. At present known only from Oga- margin in proximal 0.7–0.8 and subterminal sawara Islands, 160–202 m. spinule. Fourth pereopod (Fig. 2D) reaching to Remarks. The two male specimens of the pres- lateral end of cervical groove of carapace by me- ent new species seem to attain maturity because ro-carpal articulation; merus about 0.6 length of the gonopods are fully developed. Munida disi- that of second pereopod, bearing dorsodistal unctus sp. nov. closely resembles M. notata spine, dorsal margin otherwise unarmed, ventral Macpherson, 1994 from the Southwest Pacific in margin with prominent distal spine followed by 1 sharing five spines on the branchial carapace mar- or 2 small spines and short transverse ridges; car- gins, nearly transverse frontal margin, absence of pus with prominent dorsodistal and ventrodistal a postcervical spine on the carapace, smooth tho- spines; propodus with 9–11 movable spines on racic sternites, unarmed anterior ridge of the sec- flexor margin; dactylus with 8 corneous spines on ond abdominal somite, distomesial spine of the flexor margin in proximal 0.7–0.8 and subtermi- basal segment of the antennular peduncle slightly nal spinule. longer than distolateral spine, distomesial spine Fifth pereopod without distinctive features. of the first segment of the antennal peduncle Uropodal protopod with 1 small spine posteri- reaching the distal margin of the third segment, orly on outer side. distomesial spine of the second segment of the Color in life. Not known. antennal peduncle overreaching the fourth seg- 344 Tomoyuki Komai ment, and dilated corneas. However, the new spe- pseliophora is distinguished from M. disiunctus cies is distinguishable from M. notata by several by having more elongate and slender anterolateral morphological characters (Macpherson, 1994). spines of the carapace (clearly overreaching the The carapace has fewer transverse ridges in the sinus between the supraocular spine and the ros- new species than in M. notata. For example, there trum versus just reaching it), the smaller cornea are eight transverse ridges on the lateral part of (the corneal width 0.20 or less in M. pseliophora the posterior branchial region in M. disiunctus, versus 0.25–0.30 in M. disiunctus) and three, in- whereas M. notata has 13 ridges there. Similarly, stead of two, ventral spines on the third maxil- the abdominal tergites have fewer transverse stri- liped merus. ae in M. disiunctus than in M. notata. The number Etymology. From the Latin “disiunctus” (= re- of the striae on the carapace and abdomen may mote), alluding to the locality of the new species increase with increase of the body size, but this remote from the Japanese mainland. character still works when specimens in similar developmental stages are compared. The cornea Munida honshuensis Benedict, 1902 [New Jn.: is larger in M. disiunctus than in M. notata (the Suji-chū-koshiori-ebi] (Fig. 11A) corneal width 0.25–0.30 in the new species versus Munida honshuensis Benedict, 1902: 261, fig. 11 less than 0.20 in M. notata). The distomesial (type locality: off Honshu, Japan, 110–128 m); spine of the first segment of the antennal peduncle Macpherson and Baba, 1993: 396, fig. 7; Baba, is less elongate in the new species than in M. no- 2005: 264. tata (reaching the distal margin of the third seg- Munida japonica: Ortmann, 1892: 254, pl. 11, fig. ment in the former versus nearly reaching the 11, 11i, 11k. Not Munida japonica Stimpson, fourth segment in the latter). The merus of the 1858. third maxilliped is unarmed on the dorsodistal Materials examined. FR/V Koyo, 2009 cruise, margin in the new species, rather than armed with stn 10, N of Haha-jima Island, 26°50.25′N, a small dorsodistal spine in M. notata. The dacty- 142°07.09′E, 145–150 m, 13 July 2009, dredge, 1 lus of the second pereopod is unarmed in the dis- juv. (cl 4.7 mm), CBM-ZC 10102; stn 26, NE of tal 0.25 in M. disiunctus, rather than 0.30 or more Mago-jima Island, 27°14.36′N, 142°16.04′E, in M. notata. 230–250 m, 15 July 2009, dredge, 1 male (cl 7.5 Except for the character of the distal spines of mm), CBM-ZC 10103. the basal segment of the antennular peduncle, the R/V Tansei-maru, KT09-2 cruise, stn TW1-1, new species also resembles M. leagora Macpher- W of C hi c hi -j i ma I sl an d, 27 °0 1. 40′ N , son, 1994 from the Southwest Pacific and M. pse- 142°07.41′E, 145–138 m, 19 March 2009, liphora Macpherson, 1994 from New Caledonia, dredge, 1 male (cl 6.9 mm), CBM-ZC 10104; stn in sharing the characters mentioned above TW2-3, W of Chichi-jima Island, 27°03.03′N, (Macpherson, 1994). The latter two species differ 142°05.29′E, 166 m, 19 March 2009, 1 male (cl from M. disiunctus in the subequal distal spines 6.0 mm), CBM-ZC 10105. of the first segment of the antennular peduncle, Coloration. Fig. 11A. Ground color of cara- although this character is rather delicate. Munida pace, abdomen, and appendages orange, trans- leagora further differs from the new species in verse ridges or squamiform ridges or tubercles having more numerous transverse ridges or striae darker. Cornea brown. Chelipeds with reddish on the carapace and abdomen, the elongate disto- tinge on distal parts of merus and carpus and dis- lateral spine of the second segment of the anten- tal part of palm at articulation to dactylus; distal nal peduncle that overreaches the fourth segment, part of fingers whitish; dorsal spines on palm also and the proportionally shorter dactylus of the sec- whitish. Ambulatory legs each with white band at ond pereopod (less than 0.5 times as long as the articulation between dactylus and propodus. propodus versus about 0.7 times as long). Munida Distribution. Previously known from the Pacif- Munida from Ogasawara Islands 345 ic coast of the Japanese mainland, 110–300 m. and median tubercle. Cervical groove distinct. The present specimens extend the geographical Parahepatic, anterobranchial and postcervical range of the species to the Ogasawara Islands. spines usually present, these spines small. Anteri- Remarks. The present specimens agree well or part of branchial region between cervical with the redescription of Munida honshuensis groove and transverse groove with small scale- given by Macpherson and Baba (1993), particu- like ridges, but non-granulate; lateral part of pos- larly in the following diagnostic characters: cara- terior branchial region with 12 or 13 transverse pace with five branchial spines; fourth to seventh ridges. Intestinal region with one or few short thoracic sternites with arcuate striae; lateral parts transverse striae. Frontal margins very slightly of seventh thoracic sternite with fine granules; oblique. Lateral margins very slightly convex in second abdominal somite with 9–10 spines dis- dorsal view. Anterolateral spines each located at tributed over entire length of anterior ridge; cor- anterolateral angle of carapace, moderately long, nea large, strongly dilated; basal segment of an- falling short of sinus between rostrum and su- tennular peduncle with distomesial spine longer praocular spines, slightly diverging. Anterolateral than distolateral spine; distomesial spine of sec- margin with 1 or 2 marginal spines posterior to ond segment of antennal peduncle overreaching anterolateral spine, these spines distinctly shorter fourth segment; merus of third maxilliped with than anterolateral spine. Branchial margins each small spine on dorsodistal margin. Therefore, the with 5 small spines, anteriormost spine strongest. specimens are identified with M. honshuensis Rostrum (Figs. 3A, 4A) spiniform, about 0.5 with little hesitation. times as long as carapace, directed forward, Melin (1939) reported Munida japonica from slightly sinuously curved in lateral view; distal the Ogasawara Islands, but Baba et al. (2008) part of lateral margins faintly denticulate. Su- questioned the identity. It is likely that Melin’s praocular spines moderately long and slender, specimens are actually referable to M. honshuen- parallel or slightly diverging in dorsal view and sis, because the two species are superficially very slightly ascending in lateral view, about 0.4 length similar (Macpherson and Baba, 1993). of rostrum. Pterygostomial flap (Fig. 4A) unarmed anteri- Munida koyo sp. nov. [New Jn: Koyo-chū-koshi- orly, lateral face rugose with irregular transverse ori-ebi] (Figs. 3–5) or obliquely transverse ridges. Materials examined. Holotype: FR/V Koyo, Third thoracic sternite (Fig. 3B) about 2.9 2008 fishery ground survey, S of Chichi-jima Is- times wider than long, much wider than anterior land, Ogasawara Islands, about 1000 m deep, 14 margin of fourth sternite; anterior margin faintly October 2008, male (cl 17.4 mm), CBM-ZC granulate, with shallow median notch. Fourth 10121. sternite with faint stria medially. Fifth to seventh Paratypes: same data as holotype, 4 males (cl sternites smooth. Transverse ridges nearly 16.0–19.2 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl 17.2 mm), smooth, with row of short setae. CBM-ZC 10120; same data, 2 males (cl 17.0. Second abdominal somite (Fig. 3A) with 10 18.9 mm), NSMT-Cr S 855. spines in 5 pairs on anterior ridge and 2 trans- Description. Carapace (excluding rostrum) verse striae on tergum and several small scales on (Fig. 3A) about 1.1–1.2 times longer than wide. each pleuron. Third somite (Fig. 3A) with un- Dorsal surface gently convex transversely; main armed anterior ridge and 2 transverse striae (ante- transverse ridges mostly interrupted; numerous rior stria interrupted medially and laterally, poste- secondary transverse striae or transverse rows of rior stria complete); pleura each with short striae small scale-like ridges between main ridges; most or scales. Fourth somite (Fig. 3A) with unarmed ridges and striae with dense short, non-iridescent anterior ridge and 2 interrupted striae. Sixth setae. Gastric region with 10–12 epigastric spines somite (Fig. 4B) with 2 main transverse striae in- 346 Tomoyuki Komai

Fig. 3. Munida koyo sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 17.4 mm), CBM-ZC 10121. A, carapace, first to third abdominal somites, and cephalic appendages, dorsal view (distal two segments of antennular peduncles omitted); B, thoracic sternum, ventral view; C, right cheliped, dorsal view; D, left cheliped, dorsal view. Setae omitted (A, B) or denuded (C, D). Scale bars: 5 mm. Munida from Ogasawara Islands 347 terrupted medially and few short striae laterally. broad on merus, carpus and palm, usually similar Telson (Fig. 4B) distinctly wider than long, with and subequal, but in males occasionally slightly numerous squamiform ridges except for smooth dissimilar and unequal; entire surfaces with dense broad oblique sulci. covering of soft plumose setae, scattered stiff iri- Eyes (Figs. 3A, 4A, C) large. Cornea strongly descent setae also present on ventral surface of dilated, somewhat flattened dorsoventrally, corne- merus, and mesial faces of carpus and chela. al width much greater than sinus between rostrum Merus having row of 9–10 spines on dorsal sur- and supraocular spine and about 0.25 of carapace face laterally (spines noticeably increasing in size length. Eyestalk slightly narrowed proximally, distally) and 3 prominent spines mesially (stron- with 1 stria on dorsal surface; eyelashes short, not gest spine at distomesial angle reaching proximal covering corneal surface. 0.2 of carpus); lateral face with scattered scale- Basal segment of antennular peduncle (Fig. like tubercles becoming larger ventrally, ventro- 4C) moderately stout, reaching distal corneal lateral distal angle with small spine; mesial face margin, length excluding distal spines about 2.0 with sparse granules, 1 or 2 strong spines on mid- of width; distal spines relatively long and slender, line, and 2 strong spines adjacent to ventral mar- distolateral spine subequal in length to slightly gin, ventromesial distal angle with strong spine; longer than distomesial spine; 2 lateral spines ventral surface with numerous scale-like ridges present, first spine very slender, not reaching dis- and tubercles. Carpus about 0.7 length of palm; tal spines, faintly sinuously curved in ventral dorsal surface with small scale-like tubercles, view, slightly ascending in lateral view, arising dorsolateral and dorsomesial margins each with 5 somewhat proximal to base of distolateral spine, small spines including distal marginal spine; lat- second spine small, arising at midlength of seg- eral face covered with squamiform ridges and 2 ment; statocyst lobe not particularly inflated; ven- small spines adjacent to dorsal margin; mesial tral surface with scattered squamiform ridges. face with scattered spinules or spinulose tubercles Antennal peduncle (Fig. 4C) moderately stout, and 3 strong spines along midline; ventral surface not reaching distal corneal margins. First segment with scattered scale-like tubercles and with 1 with short, subacute distomesial spine reaching middle spine. Palm 2.1–2.4 times longer than only midlength of second segment; distolateral wide; dorsal surface with scattered small tuber- angle unarmed. Second segment with distomesial cles, median row of 3–6 small spines and 1 spine spine reaching distal margin of third segment, at articulation to dactylus, dorsolateral margin distolateral spine not reaching distal margin of with 5–6 small spines, dorsomesial margin 2–4 third segment; mesial margin with small spine at small spines; mesial face with row of 3 small midlength. Third and fourth segments unarmed. spines adjacent to dorsal margin; ventral surface Third maxilliped (Fig. 4D) moderately slender. with few short transverse ridges and small spine Ischium longer than merus, with small ventrodis- at articulation to dactylus. Fixed finger nearly tal spine, distolateral angle terminating in small straight to arched, terminating in sharp claw, spine; lateral face with minute scale-like ridges. bearing small tubercles on surfaces and 1–4 Merus with 2 unequal spines on ventral margin, spines on mesial margin (including 1 or 2 subter- proximal spine arising at about midlength stron- minal spines), cutting edge minutely denticulate; ger than distal spine; dorsodistal margin unarmed; surfaces with scattered short setae dorsally, sparse lateral face also with minute scale-like ridges. long stiff setae laterally and mesially. Dactylus Carpus smooth on extensor surface. Propodus subequal in length to palm, terminating in sharp, subequal in length to carpus, not expanded. Dac- curved claw crossing tip of fixed finger; surfaces tylus slender, shorter than propodus. covered with numerous small tubercles or gran- Chelipeds (Figs. 3C, D, 4E–H) relatively stout, ules, dorsomesial margin with only 1 proximal 3.5 times longer than carapace at most, equally spine; cutting edge denticulate over entire length, 348 Tomoyuki Komai

Fig. 4. Munida koyo sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 17.4 mm), CBM-ZC 10121. A, anterior part of carapace and left ce- phalic appendages, lateral view; B, sixth abdominal somite, telson and left uropod, external view; C, left eye, basal segment of antennular peduncle and antennal peduncle, ventral view; D, endopod of left third maxilliped, lateral view; E, merus of right cheliped, lateral view; F, same, mesial view; G, carpus of right cheliped, lateral view; H, same, dorsomesial view. Setae omitted (A–D) or denuded (E–H). occasionally with small rectangular tooth proxi- squamous, moderately long and relatively slen- mally; narrow proximal hiatus between dactylus der, decreasing in length posteriorly. Second pe- and fixed finger in males, no hiatus in females. reopod (Fig. 5A) about 2.1 times longer carapace; Ambulatory legs (second to fourth pereopods) merus about 0.9 times as long as carapace, about Munida from Ogasawara Islands 349

7.9 times longer than high, dorsal margin with with 9–11 corneous spinules over entire length, numerous plumose setae and row of 12–13 including subterminal spinule closely appressed spines, distal spine strongest, ventrolateral margin to unguis. Third pereopod (Fig. 5C) generally with 1 strong distal spine followed by 1 or 2 similar to second pereopod; merus bearing row of spines and squamiform ridges, ventromesial mar- 12 spines increasing in size distally on dorsal gin with 1 distal spine, lateral face with numerous margin, ventral margin with 1 prominent ventro- scale-like tubercles or squamiform ridges stron- distal spine followed by 1 small spine and squam- gest adjacent to ventral margin; carpus about 0.3 iform ridges; carpus with 1 prominent extensor length of propodus, with prominent extensor dis- distal spine and 1 or 2 additional spines on exten- tal spine and 1 or 2 spines and few spinules on sor margin; propodus with 9 movable spines on extensor margin, flexor distal margin produced in flexor margin; dactylus with 8 corneous spinules spine; propodus unarmed on extensor margin, lat- on flexor margin. Fourth pereopod (Fig. 5D, E) eral face almost with scattered small scale-like not reaching to lateral end of cervical groove of tubercles, flexor margin with row of 9–10 mov- carapace by mero-carpal articulation; merus about able spines; dactylus (Fig. 5B) about 0.6 times as half length of that of second pereopod, bearing long as propodus and 4.6–5.0 times as long as small dorsodistal spine, dorsal margin otherwise high, nearly straight, bearing numerous short to unarmed, ventral margin with prominent distolat- long stiff setae, flexor margin slightly sinuous, eral spine and squamiform ridges, no distomesial

Fig. 5. Munida koyo sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 17.4 mm), CBM-ZC 10121. Right ambulatory legs, setae omitted ex- cept for B. A, second pereopod, lateral view; B, same, distal part of propodus and dactylus, lateral view, setation shown; C, third pereopod, lateral view; D, fourth pereopod, lateral view; E, merus of fourth pereopod, mesial view. Scale bars: 5 mm for A, C–E; 2 mm for B. 350 Tomoyuki Komai spine; some tiny spines on mesial face adjacent to Munida howensis Ahyong, 2007 is also similar ventral margin; carpus with prominent extensor to M. koyo sp. nov. in the ornamentation of the distal and flexor distal spines, otherwise unarmed; carapace and the characters above mentioned, but propodus with 9 movable spines on flexor mar- the former is readily distinguished from the new gin; dactylus with 8 corneous spinules on flexor species by the more strongly unequal distal spines margin. Fifth pereopod without distinctive fea- on the basal segment of the antennular peduncle, tures. the more elongate distomesial spine on the second Uropodal protopod (Fig. 4B) with 1 small segment of the antennal peduncle, which reaches spine posteriorly. the distal margin of the fourth segment, and the Color in life. Unknown. In preservative in for- possession of three, rather than two, ventral malin, carapace, anterior three somites of abdo- spines on the merus of the third maxilliped. men and pereopods pinkish, basal parts of su- Baba and Macpherson (1991) clarified that the praocular spines white. type series of M. militaris contained three species, Distribution. Known only from off Chichi-jima M. militaris, M. japonica Stimpson, 1858, and M. Island, Ogasawara Islands, about 1000 m. inornata Henderson, 1885. One of the four speci- Remarks. Munida koyo sp. nov. appears closest mens from “Challenger” station 173, off Matuku to M. militaris Henderson, 1885 in sharing five Fiji Islands, was selected as a lectotype by the au- branchial spines on the carapace, the third thorac- thors. Later, it has been shown that the specimens ic sternite being much wider than the anterior referred to M. japonica actually contained two margin of the fourth sternite, one or two trans- species, M. japonica and M. agave Macpherson verse striae on the second and third abdominal and Baba, 1993 (Macpherson and Baba, 1993; tergites, absence of granular patches on the lateral Baba et al., 2008). The type specimens referred to parts of the seventh thoracic sternite, a row of M. militaris now include the four specimens from spines along the anterior ridge of the second ab- “Challenger” station 173 and one specimen from dominal somite, eye large, subequal or slightly Ambon, Indonesia. There is little doubt that the unequal distal spines on the basal segment of the latter specimen is specifically distinct from the antennular peduncle (the distolateral spine is former lot containing the lectotype, because it has slightly longer than the distomesial spine, when numerous secondary striae on the carapace and unequal) and moderately elongate chelipeds. the more elongate distomesial spine on the second However, the new species is readily distinguished segment of the antennal peduncle. The latter char- from M. militaris in the presence of many second- acter provides evidence that this specimen from ary striae or transverse rows of small scale-like Ambon is also specifically distinct from M. koyo ridges on the carapace, which are very few in M. sp. nov. militaris (cf. Baba and Macpherson, 1991; Baba Etymology. Named for the FR/V Koyo of the et al., 2009). Furthermore, in the new species, the Ogasawara Fisheries Center, from which many anterolateral spine on the carapace does not reach specimens of Munida studied here were collected. the level of the sinus between the rostrum and su- Noun in apposition. praocular spine, instead of reaching or slightly overreaching it in M. militaris; the distomesial Munida longinquus sp. nov. [New Jn.: Adeyaka- spine on the second segment of the antennal pe- chū-koshiori-ebi:] (Figs. 6–7, 11B) duncle only reaches the distal margin of the third Materials examined. Holotype: R/V Koyo, segment in M. koyo, rather than overreaching it in 2008 cruise, stn 19, E of Chichi-jima Island, M. militaris; the merus of the second pereopod 27°06.07′N, 142°18.56′E, 175–176 m, ovig. fe- has only one distinct spine on the ventrolateral male (cl 4.4 mm), NSMT-Cr S 856. margin proximal to the distal spine in M. koyo, Paratypes: R/V Koyo, 2008 cruise, stn 4, W of but there are three distinct spines in M. militaris. Chichi-jima Island, 27°03.60′N, 142°04.22′E, Munida from Ogasawara Islands 351

211–214 m, 1 male (cl 3.4 mm), 1 ovig. female (cl (Fig. 6A) with unarmed anterior ridge and 1 3.9 mm), NSMT-Cr S 857. transverse stria. Fourth somite (Fig. 6A) with un- Description. Carapace (excluding rostrum) armed anterior ridge, no stria on tergum. Sixth (Fig. 6A) about 1.2 times longer than wide. Dor- somite (Fig. 6C) with 1 medially interrupted stria. sal surface gently convex transversely; main Telson (Fig. 6C) distinctly wider than long, with transverse ridges mostly interrupted; no second- several squamiform or short transverse ridges. ary transverse striae between main ridges; most Eyes (Fig. 6A, D) moderately large. Cornea di- ridges with dense short, non-iridescent setae. lated, corneal width much greater than sinus be- Gastric region slightly elevated, with 9 (5 on left, tween rostrum and supraocular spine and 0.22– 4 on right) epigastric spines and median scale. 0.23 of carapace length. Eyestalk not narrowed Cervical groove distinct. Parahepatic and postcer- proximally, without striae on dorsal surface; eye- vical spines on each side, these spines small; an- lash sparse, very short. terobranchial spine absent. Anterior part of bran- Basal segment of antennular peduncle (Fig. chial region between cervical groove and 6D) moderately stout, overreaching distal corneal transverse groove without granules; lateral part of margin, length excluding distal spines about 2.5 posterior branchial region with 6 or 7 transverse of width; distal spines relatively short and stout, ridges. Intestinal region without scale. Frontal distinctly unequal with distolateral spine longer margins somewhat oblique. Lateral margins fee- than distomesial spine; 2 lateral spines present, bly convex in dorsal view. Anterolateral spines first spine reaching only midlength of distolateral each located at anterolateral angle, relatively spine, arising slightly distal to midlength of seg- short, not reaching sinus between rostrum and su- ment,, second spine short, arising at midlength of praocular spines. Second marginal spine anterior segment; statocyst lobe not particularly inflated. to cervical groove less than half-length of antero- Antennal peduncle (Fig. 6D) relatively short lateral spine. Branchial margins each with 4 small and stout, far falling short of distal corneal mar- spines, decreasing in size posteriorly. gins. First segment with short distomesial spine Rostrum (Fig. 6A) spiniform, about 0.4 times reaching distal margin of second segment; disto- as long as carapace, nearly horizontal in lateral lateral angle unarmed. Second segment with dis- view. Supraocular spines moderately long and tomesial spine reaching distal margin of third slender, parallel in dorsal view and very slightly segment, distolateral spine subequal to distomesi- ascending in lateral view, about 0.4 length of ros- al spine, reaching slightly beyond third segment, trum. mesial spine absent. Third and fourth segments Pterygostomial flap with sharp spine anteriorly, unarmed. lateral face rugose with irregular transverse or Third maxilliped moderately slender. Ischium obliquely transverse ridges. distinctly longer than merus, with strong ventro- Third thoracic sternite (Fig. 6B) about 4.8 distal spine, distolateral angle terminating in times wider than long, almost as wide as anterior sharp spine (Fig. 6E). Merus with 2 greatly un- margin of fourth sternite; anterior margin faintly equal spines on ventral margin, distal spine small, granulate, with very shallow median notch. proximal spine arising at about midlength very Fourth sternite with 2 submedian short transverse strong; dorsodistal margin unarmed (Fig. 6E). striae on either side of midline. Fifth and sixth Carpus smooth on extensor surface. Propodus sternites nearly smooth. Seventh sternite with subequal in length to carpus, not expanded. scattered granules on lateral parts. Transverse Propodus not expanded. Dactylus shorter than ridges nearly smooth, with row of short setae. propodus. Second abdominal somite (Fig. 6A) with 2 Chelipeds (Fig. 6F–H) not squamous, similar, pairs of minute lateral spines on anterior ridge subequal in length, about 2.5 times longer than and 1 transverse stria on tergum. Third somite carapace, equally broad on merus, carpus and 352 Tomoyuki Komai

Fig. 6. Munida longinquus sp. nov., holotype, ovig. female (cl 4.4 mm), NSMT-Cr S 856. A, carapace, first to third ab- dominal somites, and cephalic appendages, dorsal view (distal two segments of antennular peduncles omitted); B, thoracic sternum, ventral view; C, sixth abdominal somite and telson, external view; D, right eye, basal segment of antennular peduncle and antennal peduncle, ventral view; E, distal part of ischium and merus of right third maxil- liped, lateral view; F, left cheliped, dorsal view; G, same, merus, ventral view; H, same, carpus ventral view. Setae omitted. Scale bars: 1 mm for A–D, F–I; 0.5 mm for E. Munida from Ogasawara Islands 353 palm; mesial face of merus and palm with numer- small spines and short transverse ridges, lateral ous long iridescent setae, mesial face of carpus face with few short striae; carpus about 0.3 length with mixture of numerous plumose setae and few of propodus, with prominent extensor distal spine iridescent setae. Merus with row of 6 spines on and 1 small spines on extensor margin, flexor dis- dorsal margin (spines increasing in size distally) tal margin produced in strong spine; propodus and 3 spines mesially (spine at distomesial angle unarmed on extensor margin, lateral face almost strong and diverging); lateral face with short smooth, flexor margin with row of 9–11 movable transverse ridges and strong ventrodistal spine; spines; dactylus (Fig. 7B) about 0.8 times as long ventromesial margin with 3 spines including as propodus and about 5.8 times as long as high, strong ventrodistal spine; ventral surface with nearly straight, bearing sparse short to long stiff scattered short transverse ridges. Carpus subequal setae, flexor margin faintly sinuous, bearing 9–10 in length to palm; dorsolateral margin with 4 slender corneous spines over entire length, in- small spines (distalmost spine small, marginal), cluding subterminal spinule closely appressed to dorsomesial margin also with 5 strong spines; lat- unguis. Third pereopod (Fig. 7C) similar to sec- eral face with short transverse, occasionally den- ond: merus bearing row of 4–7 small spines on ticulate ridges; ventral face with 2 small strong dorsal margin, ventral margin with prominent spines, ventrodistal angle with spine. Palm not ventrodistal spine followed by 1–2 small spines widened distally, about 2.0 times longer than and short transverse ridges; carpus with 1 promi- wide; dorsal surface with longitudinal row of 6 nent extensor distal spine and 2 additional small small spines along midline, dorsolateral margin spines on extensor margin; propodus with 6–8 with 4 small spines, dorsomesial margin 3 small movable spines on flexor margin; dactylus with spines; mesial face with longitudinal row of 3 7–8 corneous spines on flexor margin. Fourth pe- spines; ventral surface with scattered low tuber- reopod (Fig. 7D) reaching to lateral end of cervi- cles and 1 spine located as base of dactylus; fixed cal groove of carapace by mero-carpal articula- finger nearly straight, terminating in sharp claw, tion; merus about 0.6 length of that of second with 6 spines on lateral margin, cutting edge pereopod, unarmed on dorsal margin, ventral weakly denticulate; surfaces with scattered short margin with prominent distal spine followed by setae dorsally, sparse long stiff setae laterally and short transverse ridges; carpus with small dorso- mesially. Dactylus about 1.5 times as long as distal and strong ventrodistal spines; propodus palm, unarmed proximally on dorsal surface, ter- with 6–9 movable spines on flexor margin; dacty- minating in sharp, curved claw crossing tip of lus with 7–8 corneous spines on flexor margin. fixed finger; mesial margin with 5 spines includ- Fifth pereopod without distinctive features. ing 1 proximal and 2 subterminal spines, and with Uropodal protopod with 1 small spine posteri- several long stiff setae; cutting edge with minute- orly on outer side. ly denticulate over entire length; no proximal hia- Color in life. Fig. 11B. Carapace yellow, with tus between dactylus and fixed finger. pale purple bands posterior to epigastric spines, Ambulatory legs (second to fourth pereopods) along cervical groove and across cardiac region; moderately long and slender, decreasing in length rostrum and frontal margin red; dorsal surface posteriorly. Second pereopod (Fig. 7A) about 2.0 with pair of distinct red spots on branchial region times as long as carapace; merus about 0.8 times just posterior to cervical groove. Second abdomi- as long as carapace, about 6.0 times longer than nal somite pale purple, with red line along anteri- high, dorsal margin with row of 9–10 spines de- or ridge and yellow transverse band on middle creasing in size proximally and row of plumose potion of tergum; remaining abdominal somites and iridescent setae (tuft of long iridescent setae brownish, with distinct white marking on third to at base of strong dorsodistal spine), ventral mar- fourth somites. Eye with reddish brown cornea; gin with 1 strong distal spine followed by 1–2 eyestalk red. Antennular and antennal peduncles 354 Tomoyuki Komai

Fig. 7. Munida longinquus sp. nov., holotype, ovig. female (cl 4.4 mm), NSMT-Cr S 856. Left ambulatory legs, lateral view, setae omitted except for B. A, second pereopod; B, same, distal part of propodus and dactylus, setation shown; C, third pereopod; D, fourth pereopod. Scale bars: 1 mm for A, C, D; 0.5 mm for B. translucent, with tint of red. Cheliped generally basal segment of the antennular peduncle being pale red, fingers and spines dark red. Ambulatory longer than the distomesial spine (Macpherson, legs with white and reddish bands. 1994). The new species differs from these latter Distribution. Known only from the Ogasawara two species in the lack of submedian spines on Islands, at depths of 175–214 m. the anterior ridge of the second abdominal Remarks. Munida longinquus sp. nov. resem- somites, which are present in the latter two spe- bles M. gordoae Macpherson, 1994 from the cies, arranged in two pairs. In M. longinquus, Southwest Pacific and M. rogeri Macpherson, there are only two minute spines at each lateral 1994 from the Southwest Pacific and Western angle of the anterior ridge. Furthermore, the cor- Australia in sharing four branchial marginal nea is relatively larger in the new species than in spines on the carapace, second abdominal somite M. gordoae and M. rogeri (the corneal width is bearing spines on the anterior ridge, granular more than 0.20 of the carapace length in M. long- patches on the lateral parts of the seventh thoracic inquus, rather than less than 0.20 in M. gordonae sternite, somewhat elongate basal segment of the and M. rogeri. The basal segment of the antennu- antennular peduncle, and distolateral spine of the lar peduncle is less elongate in the new species Munida from Ogasawara Islands 355 than in the latter two species (about 2.5 times lon- 142°05.99′E, 97–100 m, 5 July 2010, dredge, 1 ger than wide except for distal spines in M. long- ovig. female (cl 6.2 mm), NSMT-Cr S 861; stn inquus versus more than 3.0 times in the latter 27, S of Nishi-jima Island, 27°06.65′ N, two species). Munida rogeri further differs from 142°10.42′E, 59–60 m, 9 July 2010, dredge, 2 the new species in the granular patches extending ovig. females (cl 7.2, 7.6 mm), NSMT-Cr S 862. onto the lateral parts of the sixth thoracic sternite Non-type. R/V Koyo, 2008 cruise, stn 6, W of and the stronger distomesial spine of the first seg- Chichi-jima Island, 27°04.64′N, 142°08.52′E, 88 ment of the antennal peduncle that reaches the m, 24 October 2008, dredge, 1 male (cl 9.9 mm, distal margin of the third segment, rather than damaged), NSMT-Cr S 863. 2009 cruise, stn 8, N only reaching to the distal margin of the second of Haha-jima Island, 26°45.20′N, 142°06.44′E, segment in M. longinquus. 98–102 m, 13 July 2009, dredge, 1 juv. (cl 3.6 Munida pasithea Macpherson and de Saint mm), CBM-ZC 10110; stn 30, same data as holo- Laurent, 1991 from French Polynesia is also very type, 1 juv. (cl 4.7 mm), CBM-ZC 10107. 2010 similar to M. longinquus, but it is distinguished cruise, stn 21, E of Higashi-jima Island, from the new species by the subequal distal 27°06.20′N, 142°18.82′E, 176–178 m, 21 Octo- spines of the basal segment of the antennular pe- ber 2010, dredge, 1 juv. (cl 4.4 mm), NSMT-Cr S duncle and the presence of two pairs of submedi- 864; stn 31, Chichi-jima Island, W of Futami an spines on the anterior ridge of the second ab- Port, 27°05.18′N, 142°08.48′E, 96–97 m, 9 July dominal somite (Macpherson and de Saint 2010, dredge, 1 male (cl 5.0 mm), 2 juv. (cl 3.8, Laurent, 1991). 4.2 mm), NSMT-Cr S 865. Etymology. From the Latin longinquus, mean- Description. Carapace (excluding rostrum) ing distant, in reference to the type locality of the (Fig. 8A) about 1.2 times longer than wide. Dor- new species, which is far distant from the Japa- sal surface gently convex transversely; main nese mainland. transverse ridges mostly interrupted; only few secondary transverse striae between main ridges; Munida munin sp. nov. [New Jn: Munin-chū-ko- most ridges and striae with dense short, non-iri- shiori-ebi] (Figs. 8–9, Fig. 11C) descent setae. Gastric region with 5 or 6 pairs of Materials examined. Holotype: R/V Koyo, epigastric spines and median spine or tubercle. 2009 cruise, stn 30, E of Nishi-jima Island, Cervical groove distinct. Parahepatic, anterobran- 27°07.22′N, 142°10.60′E, 50–52 m, 16 July chial and postcervical spines on each side, these 2009, dredge, male (cl 8.0 mm), CBM-ZC 10106. spines small. Anterior part of branchial region be- Paratypes: R/V Koyo, 2008 cruise, stn 20, 29 tween cervical groove and transverse groove October 2008, 1 ovig. female (cl 5.7 mm), without granules; lateral part of posterior branchi- NSMT-Cr S 858; stn 26, 30 October 2008, 1 male al region with 9 or 10 transverse ridges. Intestinal (cl 7.2 mm), 1 female (cl 8.0 mm), 1 ovig. female region without transverse ridge. Frontal margins (cl 7.2 mm), 1 juv. (cl 3.7 mm), NSMT-Cr. 2009 strongly oblique. Lateral margins feebly convex cruise, stn 4, W of Minami-jima Island, in dorsal view. Anterolateral spines each located 26°58.64′N, 142°04.64′E, 470 m, 13 July 2009, 1 at anterolateral angle of carapace, relatively short, female (cl 4.9 mm), NSMT-Cr S 860; stn 14, S of far falling short of sinus between rostrum and su- Haha-jima Island, 26°34.03′N, 142°10.80′E, 92– praocular spines. Anterolateral margin with 1 or 2 93 m, 14 July 2009, dredge, 1 male (cl 6.4 mm), marginal spines posterior to anterolateral spine, CBM-ZC 10108; stn 29, S of Nishi-jima Island, these spines distinctly smaller than anterolateral 27°06.59′N, 142°10.25′E, 60–61 m, 16 July spine. Branchial margins each with 5 small 2009, dredge, 1 female (cl 5.1 mm), 2 ovig. fe- spines, posteriormost spine smaller than other males (cl 6.4, 6.6 mm), CBM-ZC 10109. 2010 subequal spines. cruise, stn 3, N of Haha-jima Island, 26°45.32′N, Rostrum (Fig. 8A) spiniform, about 0.5 times 356 Tomoyuki Komai

Fig. 8. Munida munin sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 8.0 mm), CBM-ZC 10106. A, carapace, first to third abdominal somites, and cephalic appendages, dorsal view (distal two segments of antennular peduncles omitted); B, thoracic sternum, ventral view; C, sixth abdominal somite and telson, external view; D, left eye, basal segment of left anten- nular peduncle and antennal peduncle, ventral view; E, endopod of left third maxilliped, lateral view; F, right che- liped, dorsal view; G, same, merus, ventral view; H, same, carpus ventral view. Setae omitted. Scale bars: 2 mm for A, F–H; 1 mm for B–E. Munida from Ogasawara Islands 357 as long as carapace, nearly horizontal in lateral segment; distolateral angle unarmed. Second seg- view; distal part of lateral margins minutely den- ment with distomesial spine reaching or slightly ticulate. Supraocular spines relatively short and falling short of distal margin of fourth segment, slender, parallel in dorsal view and very slightly distolateral spine reaching third segment; mesial ascending in lateral view, 0.25 length of rostrum. margin unarmed. Third segment unarmed or Pterygostomial flap unarmed anteriorly, lateral armed with small distolateral spine; fourth seg- face rugose with irregular transverse or obliquely ments unarmed. transverse ridges. Third maxilliped (Fig. 8E) moderately slender. Third thoracic sternite (Fig. 8B) about 2.9 Ischium longer than merus, with strong ventrodis- times wider than long, almost as wide as anterior tal spine, distolateral angle terminating in small margin of fourth sternite; anterior margin faintly spine. Merus with 3 unequal spines on dorsal granulate, with wide V-shaped median notch. margin, proximalmost spine arising at about mid- Fourth sternite with 2 transverse striae. Fifth to length stronger than 2 distal spines; dorsodistal seventh sternites nearly smooth. Transverse ridges margin with small spine. Carpus smooth on ex- nearly smooth, with row of short setae. tensor surface. Propodus subequal in length to Second abdominal somite (Fig. 8A) with un- carpus, not expanded. Dactylus shorter than armed anterior ridge and 3 or 4 transverse striae propodus. on tergum. Third somite (Fig. 8A) with unarmed Chelipeds (Fig. 8F–H) squamous, similar, sub- anterior ridge and 3 or 4 transverse striae. Fourth equal in length, 3.4 times longer carapace at most, somite (Fig. 6A) with unarmed anterior ridge and equally broad on merus, carpus and palm; mesial 3 or 4 striae. Sixth somite (Fig. 8C) with 2 striae face of merus to chela with short to very short (posterior one interrupted laterally). Telson (Fig. plumose setae and rather few longish iridescent 8C) distinctly wider than long, with several setae. Merus with row of 9–10 spines on dorsal squamiform ridges. surface laterally (spines increasing in size distal- Eyes (Fig. 8A) moderately large. Cornea dilat- ly) and 3–4 spines mesially (strongest spine at ed, not flattened dorsoventrally, corneal width distomesial distal angle relatively short); ventro- much greater than sinus between rostrum and su- lateral distal angle with small spine; mesial face praocular spine and about 0.20 of carapace length. with row of 2–3 spines adjacent to dorsal margin Eyestalk slightly narrowed proximally, with 1 and row of 3–5 spines (including ventrodistal stria on dorsal surface; eyelash short, not cover- spine) adjacent to ventral margin. Carpus about ing corneal surface. half length of palm; dorsolateral margin with 3 Basal segment of antennular peduncle (Fig. small spines (distalmost marginal spine smallest), 8D) moderately stout, reaching distal corneal dorsomesial margin also with 4 spines; ventrolat- margin, length excluding distal spines about 2.0 eral distal angle produced in prominent, rounded of width; distal spines relatively long and slender, lobe bearing small spine; lateral face with few subequal in length; 2 lateral spines present, first spinules or granules and 1 spine located at about spine elongate, far overreaching distal spines, sin- midlength; mesial face with row of 4 spines adja- uously curved, arising somewhat proximal to base cent to ventral margin (distalmost spine stron- of distolateral spine, second spine short, arising gest), ventromesial distal angle with small spine; anterior to midlength of segment; statocyst lobe ventral surface with 1 small spine at middle. Palm not particularly inflated; ventral surface with scat- slightly widened distally, 2.8 times longer than tered squamiform ridges. wide; dorsal surface with median row of 5 small Antennal peduncle (Fig. 8D) moderately stout, spines and 1 spine at articulation to dactylus, dor- not reaching distal corneal margins. First segment solateral margin with 2–4 small spines, dorsome- with moderately long distomesial spine reaching sial margin with 6 small spines; mesial face with or slightly overreaching distal margin of second row of 3–4 small spines. Fixed finger nearly 358 Tomoyuki Komai straight, terminating in sharp claw, with 4–5 merus about 0.8 times as long as carapace, about spines including 1 proximal and 1–2 subdistal 5.6 times longer than high, dorsal margin armed spines; cutting edge denticulate; surfaces with with 8–10 spines, distal spine strongest, ventral scattered short setae dorsally, sparse long stiff se- margin with 1 strong distal spine followed by 2 tae laterally and mesially. Dactylus 0.8 times as small spines and short transverse ridges, lateral long as palm, bearing few tiny spines proximally face with few short striae or squamiform ridges; on dorsal surface, terminating in sharp, curved carpus about 0.3 length of propodus, with exten- claw crossing tip of fixed finger; dorsomesial sor distal spine and 3 spines or spinules on exten- margin with 5–6 small spines (including 1 proxi- sor margin, flexor distal margin produced in mal and 2 subdistal spines) and with several long spine; propodus unarmed on extensor margin, lat- stiff setae; cutting edge with denticulate over en- eral face almost smooth, flexor margin with row tire length, occasionally with small rectangular of 10–11 movable spines; dactylus (Fig. 9B) 0.6– tooth proximally; in large males (including holo- 0.7 times as long as propodus and 5.0–6.0 times type), narrow proximal hiatus between dactylus as long as high, nearly straight, bearing sparse and fixed finger present. short to long stiff setae, flexor margin slightly Ambulatory legs (second to fourth pereopods) sinuous, with 7–9 corneous spines over entire moderately long and slender, decreasing in length length, including subterminal one closely ap- posteriorly; setal row on dorsal or extensor mar- pressed to unguis. Third pereopod (Fig. 9C) with gin of merus to propodus consisting of thin plu- merus bearing row of 6–8 spines increasing in mose and thick iridescent setae. Second pereopod size distally on dorsal margin and row of 2–4 (Fig. 9A) about 2.3 times as long as carapace; spines, ventral margin with 1 prominent ventro-

Fig. 9. Munida munin sp. nov., holotype, male (cl 8.0 mm), CBM-ZC 10106. Right ambulatory legs, lateral view, setae omitted except for B. A, second pereopod; B, same, distal part of propodus and dactylus, setation shown; C, third pereopod; D, fourth pereopod. Scale bars: 2 mm for A, C, D; 1 mm for B. Munida from Ogasawara Islands 359 distal spine followed by short transverse ridges; ing the distal margin of the fourth segment in M. carpus with 1 extensor distal spine and 2 or 3 ad- munin, rather than clearly overreaching it in M. ditional spines on extensor margin; propodus with clinata; and the supraocular spines are less elon- 10–11 movable spines on flexor margin; dactylus gate in the new species, only reaching the level of with 7–8 corneous spines on flexor margin, distal the midlength of the eye, rather than reaching the fourth unarmed. Fourth pereopod (Fig. 9D) reach- distal corneal margins in M. clinata. From M. lle- ing to lateral end of cervical groove of carapace nasi, the new species can be distinguished by by mero-carpal articulation; merus about 0.6 subequal distal spines on the basal segment of the length of that of second pereopod, bearing small antennular peduncle, the relatively short distome- dorsodistal spine, dorsal margin otherwise un- sial spines on the first segment of the antennal pe- armed, ventral margin with prominent distal spine duncle and the more elongate palm of the che- and short transverse ridges; carpus with promi- liped (2.8 times longer than wide versus about 2.0 nent extensor distal and flexor distal spines, oth- times). In M. llenasi, the distal spines on the basal erwise unarmed; propodus with 10 movable segment of the antennular peduncle are unequal spines on flexor margin; dactylus with 7 corneous with the distomesial spine being longer than dis- spines on flexor margin. tolateral spine. Fifth pereopod without distinctive features. Following the key of Baba (2005), this new Uropodal protopod with 1 small spine posteri- species keys out in couplets with M. roshanei orly. Tirmizi, 1966 from the western Indian Ocean. Color in life. Fig. 11C. Ground color of cara- Macpherson (1994), who examined the types and pace and abdomen orange, abdominal somites additional material of M. roshanei, clarified that with white spots or markings. Third maxilliped this species is characterized by the possession of orangish, with distinct dark red spots at dorsodis- numerous striae on the thoracic sternites and the tal part of merus. Chelipeds with obscurely de- fingers of the chelipeds lacking rows of spines on limited transverse whitish and reddish bands. the lateral and mesial margins, respectively. These Ambulatory legs also having whitish and reddish characters immediately separate M. roshanei from or brownish bands. the new species and the above-mentioned allies. Distribution. Known only from Ogasawara Is- Etymology. “Munin” is an old name of the lands, at depths of 50–178 m. Ogasawara Islands, meaning “no residents”. Used Remarks. Munida munin sp. nov. is morpho- as a noun in apposition. logically very similar to M. clinata Macpherson, 1994 from New Caledonia and M. llenasi Munida pectinata Macpherson and Machordom, Macpherson, 2006 from the Austral Archipelago 2005 [New Jn: Kushinoha-chū-koshiori-ebi] (Fig. in having the following features: strongly oblique 10, 11D) frontal margins of the carapace, five spines on the Munida pectinata Macpherson and Machordom, branchial margin of the carapace posterior to the 2005: 828, fig. 3 [type locality: New Caledo- cervical groove, smooth thoracic sternites, un- nia, 190–212 m]; Baba et al., 2008: 112. armed abdominal somites, merus of the third Materials examined. R/V Koyo, 2008 cruise, maxilliped having a dorsodistal spine, and fingers stn 25, 27°07.31′N, 142°07.70′E, 129 m, 30 Oc- of the cheliped bearing rows of spines on lateral tober 2008, dredge, 1 male (cl 5.5 mm), NSMT- and mesial margins, respectively (Macpherson, Cr S 866; 1 male (cl 5.5 mm), NSMT-Cr. 2009 1994; 2006). From M. clinata, the new species cruise, stn 7, W of Minami-jima Island, can be distinguished by the following minor, but 27°01.72′N, 142°07.39′E, 136–138 m, 10 July constant characters: the distomesial spine of the 2009, dredge, 2 males (cl 4.8, 5.0 mm), CBM-ZC second segment of the antennal peduncle is rela- 10111; stn 9, N of Haha-jima Island, 26°45.64′N, tively short, slightly falling short of or just reach- 142°05.75′E, 102–118 m, 13 July 2009, dredge, 1 360 Tomoyuki Komai male (cl 8.2 mm), 2 ovig. females (cl 5.6, 8.4 2009, dredge, 1 male (cl 10.1 mm), CBM-ZC mm), CBM-ZC 10112; stn 12, W of Haha-jima 10116; stn TW-2-3, W of Chichi-jima Island, Island, 26°42.24′N, 142°05.80′E, 96 m, 1 ovig. 27°03.03′N, 142°05.29′E, 165–166 m, 19 March female (cl 5.2 mm), NSMT-Cr S 867; stn 14, S of 2009, dredge, 3 males (cl 4.6–5.3 mm), 3 juv. (cl Haha-jima Island, 26°34.03′N, 142°10.80′E, 92– 4.3–5.3 mm), CBM-ZC 10117; stn TW-02-04, W 93 m, 14 July 2009, dredge, 1 male (cl 4.9 mm), of Chichi-jima Island, 27°02.94′N, 142°07.17′E, CBM-ZC 10113; stn 15, S of Haha-jima Island, 194–221 m, 19 March 2009, dredge, 2 males (cl 26°24.80′N, 142°10.92′E, 106–109 m, 14 July 4.6, 5.2 mm), 2 juv. (cl 4.2, 5.3 mm), CBM-ZC 2009, dredge, 1 male (cl 5.4 mm), CBM-ZC 10118. 10114. 2010 cruise, stn 21, E of Higashi-jima Is- Abbreviated description based on newly col- land, 27°06.20′N, 142°18.82′E, 175–178 m, 8 lected specimens. Carapace (Fig. 10A) about 1.2 July 2010, dredge, 2 males (cl 4.3, 4.8 mm), 1 times longer than wide; transverse ridges on dor- juv. (cl 3.2 mm), NSMT-Cr S 868; stn 23, E of sal surface mostly interrupted; few scales or sec- Higashi-jima Island, 27°06.23′N, 142°18.82′E, ondary striae between main ridges, no scale on 178–179 m, 8 July 2010, dredge, 1 female (cl 5.2 intestinal region; gastric region with 5 or 6 pairs mm), NSMT-Cr S 869; stn 31, W of Futami Port, of epigastric spines; parahepatic, anterobranchial Chichi-jima Island, 27°05.18′N, 142°08.48′E, and postcervical spines usually present on each 96–97 m, 9 July 2010, dredge, 2 males (cl 6.7, 7.3 side; frontal margins somewhat oblique; lateral mm), 3 females (cl 4.4–5.3 mm), NSMT-Cr S margins slightly convex; anterolateral spine mod- 870. erately strong, located at anterolateral angle of TR/V Shin’yo-maru, 1997 cruise, stn 13, W of carapace, not reaching level of sinus between ros- Otouto-jima Island, 27°11.21′N, 142°05.32′E, trum and supraocular spines; 2 or 3 marginal 154–151 m, 16 October 1997, dredge, 1 male (cl spines anterior to cervical groove; branchial mar- 4.5 mm), 2 females (cl 6.0, 6.1 mm), CBM-ZC gin with 5 moderately small spines. Rostrum (Fig. 9669; stn 14, similar locality, 27°10.91′N, 10A) spiniform, 0.6–0.7 times as long as cara- 142°07.99′E, 151 m, coral rock and sand, 16 Oc- pace, horizontal with distal part slightly upturned. tober 1997, dredge, 3 juv. (cl 3.4–3.6 mm), CBM- Supraocular spines slender, nearly parallel, slight- ZC 9683. 2009 cruise, stn 4, E of Muko-jima Is- ly falling short of midlength of rostrum or distal lands, 27°44.99′N, 142°10.52′E, 159–152 m, 16 corneal margins. November 2009, 1 ovig. female (cl 6.6 mm), 1 Second abdominal somite (Fig. 10A) unarmed juv. (cl 3.6 mm), NSMT-Cr S 871; stn 5, E of on anterior ridge, with 3 or 4 striae on tergum. Muko-jima Islands, 27°45.10′N, 142°11.05′E, Third and fourth abdominal somites (Fig. 10A) 193–172 m, 16 November 2009, 2 males (cl 6.8, unarmed on anterior ridges, each with 2 or 3 stri- 7.6 mm), 1 female (cl 4.2 mm), 5 ovig. females ae on tergum. (cl 5.2–6.5 mm), 2 juv. (cl 2.7, 3.0 mm), NSMT- Eyes (Fig. 10A, C) moderately large, corneal Cr S 872. width about 0.2 of carapace length, eye lashes R/V Tansei-maru, KT09-02 cruise, stn KK-1- very short. 2 ( 1 ), K a i k a t a S e a m o u n t , 2 6 ° 4 0 . 0 0 ′ N , Basal segment of antennular peduncle (Fig. 140°55.54′E, 165–172 m, 16 March 2009, chain 10C) with distomesial spine slightly longer than bag dredge, 3 males (cl 5.0–9.8 mm), CBM-ZC distolateral spine; lateral margin with 2 spines, 10119; stn TW-1-1, W of Chichi-jima Island, laterodistal spine elongate, overreaching distal 27°01.40′N, 142°07.41′E, 138–145 m, 19 March spines, lateroproximal spine small. 2009, dredge, 3 males (cl 5.1–6.8 mm), 1 ovig. Antennal peduncle (Fig. 10C) with first seg- female (cl 6.0 mm), 2 juv. (cl 4.1, 4.3 mm), CBM- ment bearing long distomesial spine, reaching ZC 10115; stn TW-2-1, W of Chichi-jima Island, distal margin of third segment. Second segment 27°03.01′N, 142°04.84′E, 190–191 m, 19 March with moderately long distomesial spine slightly Munida from Ogasawara Islands 361

Fig. 10. Munida pectinata Macpherson and Machordom, 2005, male (cl 9.8 mm), CBM-ZC 10119. A, carapace, first to third abdominal somites, and cephalic appendages, dorsal view (distal two segments of antennular peduncles omit- ted); B, thoracic sternum, ventral view; C, right eye, basal segment of antennular peduncle and antennal peduncle, ventral view; D, endopod of left third maxilliped, lateral view; E, left cheliped, dorsal view; F, left second pereo- pod, lateral view; G, same, distal part of propodus and dactylus, lateral view, setation shown. Setae omitted except for G. Scale bars: 2 mm for A–F; 1 mm for G. 362 Tomoyuki Komai overreaching distal margin of fourth segment; small spine. distolateral spine somewhat shorter than distome- Chelipeds (Fig. 10E) moderately squamous, 3.5 sial spine, reaching or slightly overreaching distal times longer than carapace at most. Merus armed margin of third segment; mesial margin with 1 with some spines, strongest spine on distal mar- spinule. Third segment unarmed. gin moderately short to moderately long, reaching Third maxilliped (Fig. 10D) with ischium bear- proximal 0.1–0.2 of carpus. Carpus with row of ing strong ventrodistal spine. Merus deep, with 3 spines on each dorsolateral and dorsomesial mar- spines on ventral margin in distal half, proximal- gin. Palm 2.7 times longer than wide at most, most spine strongest, dorsodistal margin with with small spines arranged in longitudinal rows.

Fig. 11. Coloration in life. A, Munida honshuensis Benedict, 1902, juvenile (cl 4.7 mm), CBM-ZC 10102; B, Munida longinquus sp. nov., paratype, (cl 3.4 mm), NSMT-Cr S 857, photo H. Komatsu; C, Munida munin sp. nov., para- type, ovig. female (cl 6.2 mm), NSMT-Cr S 861, photo H. Komatsu; D, Munida pectinata Macpherson and Ma- chordom, 2005, ovig. female (cl 8.4 mm), CBM-ZC 10112. Munida from Ogasawara Islands 363

Fixed finger with row of spines on dorsolateral in M. pectinata; the distomesial spine of the basal margin. Dactylus 1.0–1.2 times longer than palm, segment of antennular peduncle is slightly longer with 1–3 spines on dorsal surface proximally; than the distolateral spine in M. pectinata, where- mesial margin with 1 proximal and 2 or 3 subdis- as these spines are subequal in M. munin sp. nov.; tal spines, and occasionally with few additional the distomesial spine on the basal segment of the spines between proximal and subdistal spines. antennal peduncle distinctly overreaches the third Second pereopod (Fig. 10F) about 2.5 times segment in M. pectinata, rather than reaching longer than carapace; merus with row of spines only the distal margin of the second segment in on dorsal margin over entire length, dorsodistal M. munin sp. nov. Furthermore, in life, M. pecti- spine strongest, ventral margin with 1 strong dis- nata is easily recognizable by the prominently red tal spine followed by short transverse ridges; car- merus of the third maxilliped. pus with strong extensor distal spine followed by Munida pectinata is the most frequently repre- 2–4 small spines on extensor margin and ventro- sented species in the present collections. distal spine; propodus 6.0–7.0 times longer than high, 10 or 11 movable spines on flexor margin. Acknowledgements Dactylus (Fig. 10G) 0.6–0.7 times as long as propodus, 5.0–6.0 times longer than high; flexor I deeply thank the captains and crews of the R/ margin sinuous, bearing 9–11 small corneous V Koyo, TR/V Shin’yo-maru, and the R/V Tan- spines almost over entire length, including subter- sei-maru and the staff of the Ogasawara Fishery minal one closely appressed to unguis. Third pe- Center for their generous help in sampling. I also reopod similar to second pereopod. Fourth pereo- thank Dr. Hironori Komatsu of the National Mu- pod shorter than second and third pereopods. seum of Nature and Science for making available Coloration. Fig. 11D. Carapace, abdomen and the material for study. Sincere thanks are extend- appendages generally orange; carapace with dark- ed to Drs. Enrique Macpherson (Centro de Estu- er tint on dorsal surface; first to third abdominal dios Avanzados de Blanes) and Shane T. Ahyong somite each with 3 white spots arranged in trans- (Australian Museum, Sydney) for reviewing the verse row. Cornea brown; eyestalk white, dorsal manuscript and for offering valuable comments part adjacent to corneal margin orangish. Third and suggestions for improvements. maxilliped with prominently red merus. Meri of cheliped and ambulatory legs each with obscure References white band at middle. Distribution. Previously known only from New Ahyong, S., T. 2007. Decapod Crustacea collected by Caledonia, at depths of 190–240 m. The present NORFANZ Expedition: Galatheidae and Polychelidae. Zootaxa material greatly extends the geographical range of , 436: 1–88. Ahyong, S.T., K. Baba, E. Macpherson and G.C.B. Poore, this species to the northwestern Pacific. 2010. A new classification of the Galatheoidea (Crusta- Remarks. The present specimens closely agree cea: Decapoda: Anomura). Zootaxa, 2676: 57–68. with the original description of Munida pectinata Ahyong, S.T. and G.C.B. Poore, 2004. Deep-water Galat- by Macpherson and Machordom (2005) in every heidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura) from southern diagnostic aspect, and are identified with the spe- and eastern Australia. Zootaxa, 472: 3–76. Baba, K., 1988. Chirostylid and galatheid crustaceans cies with little hesitation. (Decapoda: Anomura) of the “Albatross” Philippine Munida pectinata is superficially similar to M. Expedition, 1907–1910. Researches on Crustacea, Spe- munin sp. nov., and these two species are some- cial Number 2: 1–203. times found sympatrically in the surveyed area. Baba, K., 1994. Deep-sea galatheid crustaceans (Anomu- However, some minor, but constant characters ra: Galatheidae) collected by the ‘Cidaris I’ Expedition distinguish them: the frontal margins of the cara- off central Queensland, Australia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 35: 1–21. pace are more oblique in M. munin sp. nov. than 364 Tomoyuki Komai

Baba, K., 2005. Deep-sea chirostylid and galatheid crusta- new species. In: Crosnier, A. (ed.), Résultats des cam- ceans (Decapoda: Anomura) from the Indo-West Pacif- pagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 12. Mémoirs du Mu- ic, with a list of species. Galathea Reports, 20: 1–317. séum national d’Histoire naturelle, (161): 421–569. Baba, K. and E. Macpherson, 1991. Reexamination of the Macpherson, E., 1996a. Crustacea Decapoda: species of type material of Munida militaris Henderson, 1885 the genera Munida Leach, 1820 and Paramunida Baba, (Crustacea: Decapoda: Galatheidae), with selection of a 1988 (Galatheidae) from the seas around the Wallis and lectotype. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Futuna Islands. In: Crosnier, A. (ed.), Résultats des Washington, 104: 538–544. campagnes MUSORSTOM, volume 15. Mémoirs du Baba, K., E. Macpherson, C.-W. Lin and T.-Y. Chan, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, (168): 387–421. 2008. Crustacean Fauna of Taiwan: Squat lobsters (Chi- Macpherson, E., 1996b. 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小笠原諸島海域から採集されたチュウコシオリエビ属 （甲殻亜門：十脚目：異尾下目：チュウコシオリエビ科）

駒井智幸

国立科学博物館により実施された調査プロジェクト「相模灘における生物多様性の起源探求 に関する研究 フォッサマグナ要素および伊豆－小笠原弧」により小笠原諸島海域から採集さ れたチュウコシオリエビ属 Munida Leach, 1820 を報告する．以下の６種が記録された：M. disi- unctus sp. nov.（新称：ハナレチュウコシオリエビ）；M. honshuensis Benedict, 1902（新称：スジ チュウコシオリエビ）；M. koyo sp. nov.（コウヨウチュウコシオリエビ）；M. longinquus sp. nov. （新称：アデヤカチュウコシオリエビ）；M. munin sp. nov.（新称：ムニンチュウコシオリエ ビ）；M. pectinata Macpherson and Machordom, 2005（新称：クシノハチュウコシオリエビ）．４ 新種については詳細な記載を与え，近縁種との比較を行った．クシノハチュウコシオリエビは ニューカレドニア海域から知られるのみであったが，本研究により西太平洋海域に広く分布す ることが明らかとなった．西太平洋海域における本属の種多様性は非常に高いこと知られてい るが，小笠原諸島海域は調査例が少なく，今後調査が進めばより多くの種が発見されることが 期待される．