Dalkeith House & Park Conservation Area
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Dalkeith House & Park Conservation Area Midlothian DALKEITH HOUSE & PARK CONSERVATION AREA Midlothian Strategic Services Fairfield House 8 Lothian Road Dalkeith EH22 3ZN Tel: 0131 271 3473 Fax: 0131 271 3239 www.midlothian.gov.uk Dalkeith House & Park Conservation Area Midlothian Dalkeith House and Park CONTENTS Preface Page 3 Planning Context Page 5 Location and Population Page 6 Date of Designation Page 6 Archaeology and History Page 6 Character Analysis Setting and Views of the Whole Town Page 10 Urban Structure Page 10 Dalkeith House and Policies Page 13 The East High Street Page 17 The High Street Page 24 The Glebe Page 33 Grannie’s Park Page 34 Croft Street Page 35 Lugton Page 37 Issues Applicable to the Whole Conservation Area Page 39 Character Analysis Map Page 40 Dalkeith High Street Page 41 Proposed Extensions Page 42 Listed Buildings Page 43 Conservation Area Boundary Page 49 Conservation Area Boundary Map Page 50 Article 4 Direction Order Page 51 Building Conservation Principles Page 53 Glossary Page 54 References Page 58 2 Dalkeith House & Park Conservation Area Midlothian PREFACE necessary. The appraisal forms Supplementary Planning Guidance Conservation Areas and will be a material consideration in the determination 1 It is widely accepted that the of development proposals. historic environment is important and that a high priority should be 5 Once a conservation area has been given to its conservation and designated it becomes the duty of sensitive management. This Midlothian Council to pay special includes buildings and townscapes attention to the character and of historic or architectural interest, appearance of the area when open spaces, historic gardens and exercising its powers under designed landscapes, planning legislation. Conservation archaeological sites, and ancient area status means that the monuments. These contribute to character and appearance of the the distinctive character of the conservation area will be afforded urban and rural environment, are a additional protection through valuable part of our heritage and development plan policies and have an important role to play in other planning guidance that seeks education, recreation and the to preserve and enhance the area wider economy. whilst managing change. This does not mean that development 2 The Planning (Listed Buildings will be prohibited but that and Conservation Areas) proposals should be of an (Scotland) Act 1997 requires that appropriate character, scale and local authorities determine if there appearance to the area. are “areas of special architectural or historic interest, the character Additional Powers of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance”, and if so, to 6 The additional powers designate these as Conservation automatically conferred by Areas. designation of the conservation area extend only to the demolition 3 The Scottish Ministers may make of unlisted buildings and to the grants to Midlothian Council and protection of trees. Minor other bodies or private persons developments, such as small towards the cost of works for the alterations to unlisted buildings, preservation and enhancement of still do not require consent. The Conservation Areas, provided cumulative effect of such changes these are considered to be of can greatly erode the character and outstanding architectural or appearance of the conservation historic interest. area. Midlothian Council therefore intends to make a Direction under Character Appraisals Article 4 of the Town and Country Planning (General Permitted 4 A Character Appraisal is an Development) (Scotland) Order effective tool in defining the 1992 which will bring these small character and appearance of alterations under planning control. conservation areas and their This control is set out in greater special interest. The appraisal sets detail in Section 10. Before out the main characteristics of the carrying out any tree work within area, identifies where the conservation area prior written enhancement is required and notice must be given to Midlothian where stronger controls over Council detailing the nature and certain types of development are extent of the proposed work and 3 Dalkeith House & Park Conservation Area Midlothian identifying the trees. Failure to 7 Separate legislation exists with notify the Council is an offence respect to Listed Buildings and under the 1997 Town and Country Scheduled and Ancient Planning Act. Monuments. 4 Dalkeith House & Park Conservation Area Midlothian PLANNING CONTEXT (ENV1D) that seeks to protect and enhance the character of 8 The character appraisal is conservation areas. Policy important to the formulation and ENV1D states development information of planning policy affecting conservation areas or and proposals for the their setting will only be permitted conservation, protection and where it can be demonstrated that positive management of the the objectives and overall integrity natural and built heritage. of the designated area will not be Management is achieved through compromised, or the social or non-statutory and statutory economic benefits to be gained planning policy, enhancement from the proposed development schemes and Article 4 Direction outweigh the conservation or other Orders. interest of the site. National Guidance 12 The Adopted Midlothian Local Plan (2003) seeks to guide 9 National Planning Policy development while protecting the Guideline 18: Planning and the environment. The Plan seeks to Historic Environment requires protect the character and conservation area character appearance of the natural and built appraisals to be prepared when heritage. The Plan envisages no local authorities are reconsidering further development other than the existing conservation area new development of brownfield / designations, promoting further infill land and / or conversion of designations or formulating buildings within the Conservation enhancement schemes. Article 4 Area (RP20). The Plan allows for Directions will not be confirmed sensitive alteration and/or by the Scottish Ministers unless a extension of existing properties in character appraisal is in place the conservation area. Outwith (NPPG18, 1999, para 40). the built up area, the remaining part of the conservation area is 10 Planning Advice Note PAN 71: covered by the Protection of the Conservation Area Management Countryside policy (RP1), the complements existing national Protection of the Greenbelt (RP2) policy and provides further advice which limit development, Areas of on the management of Great Landscape Value (policy conservation areas. RP6) and Nationally Important Gardens and Designed Landscapes Statutory Policies (policy RP22). Other policies apply. 11 The Edinburgh and the Lothians Structure Plan 2015 13 Areas of Great Landscape Value (ELSP) provides the strategic (AGLV) may be designated under context for development until S.D.D. Circular 2/1962. 2015 and contains a policy 5 Dalkeith House & Park Conservation Area Midlothian DALKEITH HOUSE & PARK CONSERVATION AREA LOCATION AND POPULATION The choir of the Collegiate Kirk of St Nicholas Parish 14 Dalkeith (population 11,800) is Church, Dalkeith (St Nicholas located 10 kilometres to the south Apse) east of Edinburgh. 17 The name of Dalkeith has several DATE OF DESIGNATION possible derivations of its origins as a place name. It may be of 15 Midlothian Council designated Celtic provenance, meaning Dalkeith conservation area in “narrow” or “contrasted vale”, 1972. The conservation area was possibly because of its distinctive extended to include Dalkeith location between the rivers South House and Park in March 1981 Esk and North Esk. Another and subsequently designated as speculation is that it is of Gaelic “Outstanding” by the Historic origins, “dailchata” meaning Buildings Council for Scotland in “field of battle”. Also there may January 1985. Midlothian District be evidence of a Cumbric term, Council reviewed the conservation “ced” (wood) in (Dal) keith. area boundary through its Villages and Rural Areas Local Plan in 18 The first recorded reference to 1996 and re-designated the Dalkeith occurs in 1143. About conservation area on 28 March this time David I (1124 – 1153) 1996. granted lands by charter, including “Dolchet” (Dalkeith) in the estate ARCHAEOLOGY AND HISTORY of Ruchale given to the monks of Newbattle. The Cistercian abbey 16 The following Scheduled Ancient at Newbattle adjoining Dalkeith Monuments are situated within the was founded in 1140 and was one Dalkeith House and Park of the wealthiest medieval abbeys conservation area. in Lothian. One of the witnesses to the charter of foundation 6 Dalkeith House & Park Conservation Area Midlothian granted to Holyrood Abbey in few days here in 1565. The castle 1128, was William de Graham was rebuilt by the Fourth Earl, whose family held Dalkeith. This James Douglas who converted it suggests the possibility of a into a magnificent palace, known settlement at Dalkeith. James as the Lions Den (some remnants second Earl of Douglas was of its form still remain). Dalkeith subsequently created First Lord of continued to be subject to military Dalkeith in 1369 by David II. activities. The castle was besieged Little is known about the and taken by James the Second settlement as most references are Earl of Arran in 1543, and to the castle. By the late Newbattle Abbey was destroyed fourteenth century however it is in 1545 by Edward Seymour, Earl known that the Chapel of St of Hereford. In 1547 the garrison Nicholas had been erected in at Dalkeith Castle fell to an Dalkeith, as it was