Final Report
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Color Dot Matrix Proof of Concept A Major Qualifying Project Report Submitted to the faculty Of the Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester, MA In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science By ________________________ Stephen Hansen Electrical and Computer Engineering ʻ12 ________________________ Brandon Rubadou Electrical and Computer Engineering ʻ12 Project Advisor: Professor Stephen Bitar Electrical and Computer Engineering Table of Contents Acknowledgements!.........................................................1 Abstract!............................................................................1 Introduction!......................................................................1 1. Background!..................................................................2 1.1 Defining Goals..................................................................................! 2 1.2 Background Research!.....................................................................3 1.2.1 Motion Sensing LED Panels!......................................................................3 1.2.2 Dot Matrices!................................................................................................4 1.2.3 Peggy!...........................................................................................................6 2. Design Details!............................................................10 2.1 Choosing the Design!.....................................................................10 2.1.1 High Resolution LED Display Board!.......................................................10 2.1.2 Peggy2 from Evil Mad Science!................................................................12 2.1.3 Motion Sensing Interactive Panel!...........................................................16 2.1.4 Sensacell Display (Model M3016-16-RGB)!.............................................16 2.1.5 Value Analysis!...........................................................................................18 2.2 Overall Design!................................................................................19 2.2.1 Master Microcontroller!.............................................................................20 2.2.2 Scanning Microcontroller!........................................................................22 2.2.3 Software!.....................................................................................................24 2.2.3.1 Prototype Board Software!...........................................................................24 2.2.3.2 Prototyping Board - Adding Timers!...........................................................27 2.2.3.3 PCB Software Adaptation!...........................................................................32 2.2.3.4 Preliminary Main Microcontroller Software!...............................................33 2.2.4 Display Driver Circuitry!............................................................................33 2.2.5 8x8 Color LED Matrix!................................................................................36 3. Functionality Testing and Results!...........................38 3.1 ATMega8515!....................................................................................38 3.2 Printed Circuit Board!.....................................................................40 4. Final Product!..............................................................42 4.1 Complete Schematic!......................................................................42 4.2 Final PCB Layout!...........................................................................43 4.3 Product Testing!..............................................................................47 5. Future Improvements!................................................51 5.1 Short Term!......................................................................................51 5.2 Long Term!.......................................................................................52 6. Conclusion!.................................................................54 Bibliography!...................................................................55 Appendices!....................................................................56 Breadboard Code Without Timers!......................................................56 main.c!.................................................................................................................56 old_funcs.h!.........................................................................................................58 old_funcs.c!.........................................................................................................58 new_funcs.h!.......................................................................................................61 new_funcs.c!.......................................................................................................61 screens.h!............................................................................................................62 Breadboard Code With Timers!...........................................................63 main.c!.................................................................................................................63 scan_led.h!..........................................................................................................63 scan_led.c!..........................................................................................................64 scroll_text.h!........................................................................................................66 scroll_text.c!........................................................................................................67 screens.h!............................................................................................................67 PCB Code With Timers!........................................................................68 main.c!.................................................................................................................68 scan_led.h!..........................................................................................................68 scan_led.c!..........................................................................................................68 scroll_text.h!........................................................................................................71 scroll_text.c!........................................................................................................71 screens.h!............................................................................................................71 Preliminary Main Controller Code!......................................................72 make_C_array.php!.............................................................................................72 Segment_data.csv!.............................................................................................73 Table of Figures Figure 1-1: EvilMadScience Interactive LED Panels!4 Figure 1-2: EvilMadScience Modularity!4 Figure 1-3: Betlux 8x8 RGB Dot Matrix!5 Figure 1-4: Betlux 8x8 RGB Matrix Pin Numbering Diagram!5 Figure 1-5: Betlux 8x8 RGB Matrix Pin Connection Diagram!6 Figure 1-6: Peggy (EvilMadScience)!7 Figure 1-7: Peggy 2 Configuration Diagram Part 1!8 Figure 1-8: Peggy 2 Configuration Diagram Part 2!9 Figure 2-1: Peggy 2 Power Dissipation Graph!14 Figure 2-2: Peggy2 Cost Analysis Graph!15 Figure 2-3: Sensacell Demo Photo!17 Figure 2-4: Basic Sensacell Module Diagram!18 Figure 2-5: Final Design Block Diagram!20 Figure 2-6: STK500 Development Board!23 Figure 2-7: ATmega8515 Pinout Diagram!24 Figure 2-8: ATmega8515 TCCR0 Register Bit Diagram!27 Figure 2-9: TIMSK Interrupt Register Bit Diagram!29 Figure 2-10: Config Register A for Timer 1 (16-bit)!30 Figure 2-11: Config Register B for Timer 1 (16-bit)!31 Figure 2-12: 3 to 8 Decoder Pinout Diagram!34 Figure 2-13: 5x8 Dot Matrix Representation of a “W”!36 Figure 3-1: ATmega8515 (40-pin DIP)!38 Figure 3-2: STK500 Description Diagram!39 Figure 3-3: 8x8 Prototype Board with Transistor Arrays!40 Figure 4-1: Multisim Schematic of Final PCB Layout!42 Figure 4-2: Multisim Final Design Close-Up!43 Figure 4-3: Top of PCB!45 Figure 4-4: Complete PCB Layout!46 Figure 4-5: Fully Working Prototype Board!47 Figure 4-6: Empty PCB!48 Figure 4-7: Fully Soldered, Fully Function PCB!49 Table of Tables Table 2-1: LED Display Board Number of Modules!11 Table 2-2: LED Display Board Parts List (Draft)!11 Table 2-3: Peggy2 Power Dissipation Calculations!13 Table 2-4: Design Value Analysis!19 Table 2-5: Minimum Scanning fclock Requirements!23 Table 2-6: Waveform Generation Selection for Timer 0!28 Table 2-7: CPU Clock Division Requirements!28 Table 2-8: TCCR0 Clock Select Bit Selection!29 Table 2-9: Waveform Generation Selection for Timer 1!31 Table 2-10: Red Decoder Enable Pins Configuration!35 Table 2-11: Green Decoder Enable Pins Configuration!35 Table 2-12: Blue Decoder Enable Pins Configuration!35 Table 2-13: Betlux 8x8 Matrix Maximum Ratings!37 Table 4-1: 8x8 to PCB Pin Correction Table!50 Acknowledgements This project was made possible by our sponsors at the New England Center for Analog and Mixed Signal Integrated Circuit Design (NECAMSID) and the Electrical/ Computer Engineering Department at WPI. The financial support due to these groups allowed us to carry out our design from start to finish. We would also like to thank our project advisor, Professor Stephen Bitar for all of his