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Campanula (Campanula Spp BY RICHARD HAWKE ontemplating the myriad of cam- panulas makes me feel like a kid in C a candy store. The diversity of floral shapes, blossom colors, and plant habits is both astound ing and enticing. Every gardener needs at least one campanula (Campanula spp. and cvs., USDA Hardiness Zones 3–9). My fondness for the genus fueled my desire to undertake this trial, and I’m so glad that I scratched that itch. I’ve learned a lot about campanulas over the years, which is not surprising given that we’ve grown well over a hundred different kinds. I’ve seen the good, the bad, and the ugly aspects of the group, but no matter their performance, it’s impossible to deny the fabulousness of their flowers—whatever their shape, size, or color. Gardeners who covet blue blossoms will be happy to find that campanulas come in a pleas- ing palette of violet and blue. But if cool tones aren’t your cup of tea, there are pink- and white-blooming options, as well. The flowers put on a show from late spring through sum- mer, often popping up sporadically into early autumn. Campanulas also offer a rich variety of plant habits, from clumpers to rambling spread- ers. This means there is a campanula for nearly every spot. Despite all these seemingly good traits, some campanulas are thuggish while oth- ers aren’t that troublesome. Culturally speaking, they can range from fickle to surefire to grow. Some have exacting conditional requirements, while others seem to grow anywhere without ‘Caroline’ clustered much fuss. So which ones are dreamy and campanula which ones could be your worst nightmare? Campanulas YOU Can’T LIVE WITHOUT Don’t go shopping until you learn which varieties are tops in looks, hardiness, and behavior 30 FINE GARDENING | JUNE 2014 Top performers for your shopping cart These varieties were chosen as the best because of their good looks, strong habits, { and overall hardiness—despite harsh winters and scorching summers. { I can’t say that it was love at first sight, the brown blossoms and keeps the plant but my appreciation for ‘Sarastro’ cam- healthy, so don’t forgo that essential chore. panula (C. ‘Sarastro’, photo, below) grew I’m a bit dumbfounded that this terrific at a quick pace. This beauty received the campanula isn’t better known to gardeners. highest rating in our trial for its profusion of violet-blue flowers, compact habit, and In a similar vein, ‘Purple Sensation’ cam- winter hardiness. ‘Sarastro’ is one of those panula (C. ‘Purple Sensation’, top left campanulas with fantastic tubular flowers photo, p. 32) offers an abundance of pen- dangling in huge clusters above the leaves. dant, dark purple bells beginning in late The relatively short ‘Sarastro’ isn’t troubled spring. The 3-inch-long tubular blossoms by weak stems, which plague some other are lovely, but I find that the color of the cultivars. Its pubescent heart-shaped leaves nearly black flower buds to be simply lus- have more than a passing resemblance to cious. Its compact, bushy habit was slightly spotted campanula (C. punctata)—it’s one larger than ‘Sarastro’ but equally bountiful of the parents, after all—but mild-mannered in bloom. ‘Purple Sensation’ thrives in full ‘Sarastro’, thankfully, did not inherit the sun and is bone hardy in winter. rampant habit. ‘Sarastro’ in full bloom is a beautiful sight, but the faded flowers are I know that I’m going to take some flak for anything but pretty. Deadheading removes including ‘Caroline’ clustered campanula Korean campanula continued on page 32 ‘Sarastro’ campanula Top performers for your shopping cart { continued from page 31 { ancy J. Ondra; J. Ondra; ancy N ‘Purple Sensation’ ‘Blue Waterfall’ starry campanula Serbian campanula ‘Samantha’ campanula Hawke; p.31 (left), ichard R Photos (pp. 30–33), except where noted: millettephotomedia.com; p. 30, courtesy of noted: millettephotomedia.com; p. 30,courtesy Photos (pp. 30–33), except where p. 32(top right), Michelle Gervais p. 31 (right), Jerry Pavia; 32 (top left), courtesy of Jesse Stevens/Chicago Botanic Garden; (C. glomerata ‘Caroline’, photo, p. 30) in the top performers. To be honest, some garden- ers look all wild-eyed when I mention it, which makes me a little hesitant to talk it up. It is, indeed, a spreader, but after watch- ing spotted campanula run over its neighbors (becoming nearly impossible to eradicate), I’ve decided that ‘Caroline’ is a lamb by comparison. ‘Caroline’ displays copious pale lavender bells in rounded clusters on stout stems in late spring to early summer. The floral show is truly spectacular. Though I was irresistibly drawn to some other clustered- campanula cultivars with darker blooms— I’m a sucker for dark purple—their lax hab- its were inferior to that of ‘Caroline’, which stayed upright at all times. I recommend shearing the stems back to their base after flowering to keep the plant from self-seeding or looking tatty. I know that its spreading habit will be troublesome for some garden- ers, especially those with small gardens or formal borders, but the allure of these pretty blossoms is hard to resist. ‘Bernice’ nettle-leaved Starry Serbian campanula (C. poscharsky- campanula ana) and its cultivars are wonderful garden perennials, blooming abundantly from late satisfying on its own. At a casual glance, that float above the plant in late spring. spring to midsummer. All have low, trailing the heart-shaped leaves look somewhat ‘Samantha’ resembles Carpathian cam- habits, which are ideal for edging walks and like spotted campanula, but upon closer panula (C. carpatica) in its dwarf mounded borders or tucking into crannied rock walls. inspection, they are bright green, lustrous, habit, but its flowers were more plentiful Long-blooming ‘Blue Waterfall’ starry Ser- and smooth rather than hairy. I don’t find than any of the Carpathian cultivars and bian campanula (top right photo, p. 32) is Korean campanula’s rhizomatous habit to it was more adaptable to moist winter especially charming for its cheery lavender- be as fast growing or tenacious as spotted conditions. I was pleased every spring that blue flowers with pale centers that enhance campanula, despite being compared in the ‘Samantha’ made it through winter so that the star shape. With so many flowers cover- same light. Don’t be a shirker where dead- I could enjoy its cheerful flowers again. ing the plant, it’s as if each upward-facing heading is concerned because the declining blossom is pushing and shoving to be seen flower stems are particularly unsightly and ‘Bernice’ nettle-leaved campanula (C. trache- above its neighbor. ‘Blue Waterfall’ was one make the plant look messy. Korean cam- lium ‘Bernice’, photo, above) is a novelty of the largest of the Serbian campanulas— panula thrives in full sun to light shade and because of its distinctive double cupped just more to love as far as I’m concerned. is adaptable to a variety of garden condi- flowers. The violet-blue blossoms crown tions. In my city garden, Korean campanula gently arching leafy stems from late spring No matter where I see Korean campanula has migrated from its original location to a to midsummer. ‘Bernice’ is naturally strong (C. takesimana, right photo, p. 31) growing, shady strip between a fence and the alley— stemmed, but rain may collect in the double it makes me happy. The dramatic profusion a tough spot, but it loves it there. flowers and pull the stems downward. This of tubular bells dripping from branched is a well-mannered clumper with toothed stems is stunning. The insides of the creamy ‘Samantha’ campanula (C. ‘Samantha’, leaves, which look startlingly like nettles but white flowers are freckled with red spots, bottom photo, p. 32) is such a cutie. The without the sting. ‘Bernice’ grows best in which show through the nearly transpar- delicate quality of its flower color—light well-drained soils in full sun to light shade, ent tubes. While the rich pink flowers of purple–blue paling gradually to white and is at home in a border or rock garden. its cousin ‘Elizabeth’ (C. takesimana ‘Eliza- in the center—is accentuated by the I daydream of lush English borders when- beth’) are enticing, I find the species to be upturned, broadly bowl-shaped blossoms ever I see ‘Bernice’ in full bloom. FINEGARDENING.COM 33 ESSENTIAL INFO The good, the bad, and the ugly Campanulas are easy-to-grow and trouble-free plants for well-drained, sunny to partially shaded gardens. A little shade in the heat of the day is much appreciated in hot climates. Soggy soils are generally a bad thing for campanulas. Some species, however—such as milky campanula (C. lactiflora), great campanula (C. latifolia), and Korean campanula—prefer moist conditions. For most plants, though, sodden soils cause root rot. The easiest campanula to grow? Maybe not We evaluated 21 cultivars of peachleaf campanula (C. persicifolia)— more than any other species— and though widely acclaimed as an easy cam- panula to grow, it was the least successful group There are several reasons to snip in the trial due to the spent blossoms plant losses in summer and win- Deadheading encourages repeat ter. Root rot was bloom, maintains plant health, and the most com- reduces or eliminates seedlings, which mon problem. can keep the prolific nature of these plants in check. Poor soil slows down Issues are few the spreading and far between It’s no secret that some Campanulas are plants in this genus are mostly trouble- thugs. Fast spreaders— free, but slugs, such as clustered rabbits, and foliar campanula (pictured), rust (pictured) can spotted campanula, cause health and and rampion campanula cosmetic concerns (C.
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