IJMRR/ Jan 2013/ Volume 3/Issue 1/Article No-7/2204-2213 ISSN: 2249-7196

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT RESEARCH AND REVIEW

TOURISM INFRASTRUCTURE IN Vineet Kumar*1, 1Assistant Professor, University College, University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, . ABSTRACT Haryana has acquired a prominent place on the tourist map of India for its outstanding contribution in promotion of tourism. The Government has set up a network of tourist complexes all over the state, which are extremely popular with the tourists. There are in all 848 rooms with 1863 beds, Convention Centers, Golf Courses, Lakes, Heritage rooms and other facilities such as Camping Sites etc. The Govt. has provided major thrust to tourism promotion in the State, so that it becomes a major engine of economic growth and a catalyst of employment generation. Present paper is an analysis of available tourism infrastructure in state. Keywords: Haryana Tourism, Infrastructure, Marketing, Analysis INTRODUCTION The culture, history, diversity and bounty of nature of Haryana has traversed the state into a prominent place of tourism, where the tourists not only from all the nook and corners of India, but from various developed, developing and under developed countries of the world pay visit. Haryana’s visitor-friendly traditions, varied life styles, cultural heritage and colourful fairs and festivals held during the year work as a source of attraction and inspiration for the tourists. The Indian handicrafts particularly, jewelry, carpets, woolen/leather goods and wooden articles are the main shopping items of foreign tourists. The estimates available through surveys indicate that nearly forty per cent of the tourist expenditure on shopping of the tourists is spent on such items. The other attractions include mountains for adventure tourism, technological parks, science museums, centres of pilgrimage for spiritual tourism; heritage sites and hotels for tourism. Yoga, Ayurvedic and natural health resorts also attract tourists forming a part of medical tourism. Though some work on the subject has been done by some researchers on the subject for various locations in the world and some states of India, but very little work has been accomplished for Haryana. An attempt has been made in this paper to study infrastructure facilities available for the tourists visiting the state. Attempt has also been made to study, how far these facilities have been availed by the visitors and the treatment they could get from the staff posted at various tourist spots. METHODOLOGY The data for the research paper was collected from both the secondary and primary sources. All the data on the infrastructure facilities available and the important highway tourist spots *Corresponding Author www.ijmrr.com 2204

IJMRR/ Jan 2013/ Volume 3/Issue 1/Article No-7/2204-2213 ISSN: 2249-7196 in the state have been collected from the various secondary sources, published and published data of the State Government, Tourism Development Corporation, Office of the Economic and Statistical advisor, and District Statistical Abstracts of various years. For the collection of primary data, the list of all the highway tourist spots developed by the Tourism Development Corporation was ascertained. Three tourist spots Viz. , Ambala and Nagar were selected randomly for the collection of data. 120 total visitors, 40 from each location were interviewed by the researcher himself on the specially structured schedule. The data collected was tabulated and analyzed as per the objectives of the study. Simple statistical tools like mean averages and percentage were used in the analysis of data. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The results obtained from the collected data have been presented have been presented in three sections viz. respondents profile, infrastructure facilities available and the respondent’s views on the treatment they could get at the tourist spots. Respondent's profile To know the background of respondents in the study area, the collected data was analysed. Table No 1: Distribution of respondent households according to marital status across sex. Males (82) Females (38) Total (120) Married Unmarried Married Unmarried Married Unmarried 62 20 28 10 90 30 It could be inferred from the table that of the total households selected, 68 percent were males and the remaining 32 percent were females. The data further revealed that in all about 75 percent were married and the remaining 25 percent were bachelors, which varied across sex of the respondents. Among the males, the percentage of married persons were 76 percent, while among the females, the percentage was 74 percent. The study of the age group of tourists revealed that majority of the tourists (54%) were in the age group of 36-45 years, the most productive and hard working stage of the people. People, who toil very hard continuously for some time, needs relaxation and as such, they move out for relaxation and get ready to work hard in the days to come followed by the visitors in the age group of 46-55 years because they also need relaxation after hard work. The young people below 25 years of age followed next and accounted for about 17 percent of the reasons. The percentage of this category was low since they have their own priorities of studies and settling in life. Only 6 percent of the visitors were in the category of above 55 years of age since they lead a retired life and work in the absence of their children they look after their work and small children. Moreover after the age of 55 years, many people are suffering with some problem or the other and advised by the doctors to avoid traveling. The study of the educational status of the tourists revealed that more than 50 percent of the total tourists were graduates (56%). Another25 percent of the tourists were either post- graduates or were high-grade technicians having technical qualifications/degrees. Only

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IJMRR/ Jan 2013/ Volume 3/Issue 1/Article No-7/2204-2213 ISSN: 2249-7196 around 19 percent were simply matriculates. It could be concluded that most of the tourists were well educated and could understand the utility of taking tours. In general, the tourists belonged to all occupation groups though the percentage varied. The data presented in table 2 reveals that 45 percent of the total tourists visiting these tourist spots were self-employed, running their own business and had a sizable income. 26 percent of the tourists had government jobs and most of them were entitled to avail Leave Travel Concession by their departments, who provided the incentive to their employees. Students was another group accounting for about 12 percent, visiting these spots on their way to various educational and study tours. Five percent of the tourists were in the tourism jobs, who had to travel daily and had to visit these spots occasionally on their way to different places in their area of operation. The percentage of retired persons visiting these was also found to be around 5 percent. Most of these persons were either retired employees from Government service drawing handsome or persons above 60 years of age from business families who have handed over to their business to their children and are leading a care free retired life. Only about 4 percent and 3 percent visitors were doing private jobs and were unemployed respectively. Table No 2: Classification of Tourist according to Occupation Status Govt. Private Self Students Unemployed Tourism Retired Jobs jobs employed Jobs person 31 5 54 14 4 6 6 The tourism industry is more or less dependent on the income of the people and availability of free time to undertake tours. It is therefore important to study the income of the people who are visiting these tourist places. The study reveals that 38 percent of the total visitors were in the income group of Rs 25,000 to Rs 50,000 per month and another 27 percent were having their income up to Rs 25,000. In short, 65 percent of the tourists were in the income group of up to Rs 50,000 per month. 19 percent and 13 percent of the tourists were having their income between Rs 50,000-75,000 and Rs 75,000 to Rs 1,00,000 per month respectively. Only 9 percent of the total visitors were having more than Rs 1,00,000 as their income. TOURISTS IN HARYANA The Government of Haryana has developed various tourist spots from 1980-81 to 2010-11, which facilitated at both the domestic and international tourist to visit the state. The number of domestic and international tourists, their growth rate, number of tourist spots and the change in the number of tourists over the preceding year has been presented in table 3 below: It could be observed from the table that the number of tourist spots increased from 29 in 1980-81 to 47 in 2000-2001, but decreased to 43 in 2010-11 as the tourist centers at Mussorie were closed down. Total number of tourists comprising of the foreign and domestic tourists increased from 18,08,730 in 1980-81 to 7314910 in 2009-10, showing an increase by around 285 percent. The trend showed that the number of tourists showed an increasing trend from 1980-81 to 1995-96 and increased to 72,30,152, but decreased in 2000-01 to 54,91,941, again

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IJMRR/ Jan 2013/ Volume 3/Issue 1/Article No-7/2204-2213 ISSN: 2249-7196 increased up to 2009-10, but decreased in 2010-11. The percentage share of foreign tourists in 1980-81 and 1985-86 was about 3.6 percent, which decreased to 1.9 percent in 2010-11. No clear trend was observed and the percentage of foreign tourists showed various ups and downs. Reverse was the position in case of domestic tourists. The growth over the previous year also did not specify any specific trends both for the foreign as well as domestic tourists. In certain years, the arrival of tourist increased at a very high rate, but at the same time, in certain years the growth was nominal and even negative. Table No 3: Number of Tourist Spots and Tourists visited in Haryana in various periods (1980-81 to 2010-11) Year Number Foreign Domestic Total Growth over Previous of ______- year Tourist Foreign Domestic ____ Spots Total 1980 -81 29 64,169 17,44,561 18,08,730 - - - (3.55) (96.45) (100) 1985 -86 31 84,516 22,48,867 23,33,383 31.70 28.91 29.01 (3.62) (96.38) (100) 1990-91 39 1,33,527 41,55,985 42,89,512 57.99 84.81 83.83 (3.11) (96.89) (100) 1995-96 45 1,43,675 70,86,477 72,30,152 7.60 70.51 40.67 (1.99) (98.01) (100) 2000-01 47 1,44,939 53,47,002 54,91,941 0.88 -24.55 -24.04 (2.64) (97.36) (100) 2005-06 44 73,401 65,19,652 65,93,053 -49.36 21.93 20.05 (1.11) (98.89) (100) 2009-10 43 1,63,969 71,51,324 73,14,993 123.39 9.69 10.95 (2.24) (97.76) (100) 2010-11 43 1,30,423 68,25,459 69,55,882 -20.46 -4.56 -4.91 (1.88) (98.12) (100) Overall 103.29 291.24 284.57 Growth Rate (%) Source: Department of Tourism, Government of Haryana. The detailed district wise analysis revealed that 78 percent of the total tourists inflow was in four districts of Haryana viz. Kurukshetra, , and Panchula each accounting for about 28 percent, 25 percent, 15 percent and 10 percent respectively. The percentage share of tourist inflow in seven districts of Haryana viz. Fatehabad, , Yamuna Nagar, , , Ambala, and was only around 4 percent, which varied from 0.13 percent in Fatehabad to 0.92 percent in Kaithal. The tourist inflow in the remaining 10 districts of Haryana was around 18 percent. The inflow of foreign tourists was observed to be the maximum in Faridabad (48%) followed by Kurukshetra (28%), Karnal (15%) and Panchkula (10%). In short, 94 percent of the total foreign tourists were concentrated in these four places. The pattern of visit of domestic tourists also remained more or less on the pattern Copyright © 2012 Published by IJMRR. All rights reserved 2207

IJMRR/ Jan 2013/ Volume 3/Issue 1/Article No-7/2204-2213 ISSN: 2249-7196 of the total tourists i.e. 78 percent of the total tourists visited four districts namely Kurukshetra, Faridabad, Karnal and Panchkula. The main reason attributed could be the sanctity of not only as a religious place connected with the Mahabharta and Lord Krishna dictating sermons to Arjuna on this land, but also as a prominent “Tirtha” and having four prominent tourist spots. Faridabad is a city very near to having 8 tourist spots, including compex, , hot water springs and the Aravli Mountains for mountaineering, biking and other adventure games. Another prominent attraction is the Kraft Mela at Suraj Kund and above all an industrial town. Karnal too is a famous town having three tourist spots, named after Raja Karan of Mahabharata fame, an agriculture developed area and famous for National Dairy Research Institute, Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Indian Agriculture Research Institute (Seed Multiplication Station), Directorate of Wheat Research, Sugar Research Institute and campus of CCS Haryana Agriculture University. Panchkula having 5 tourist spots is located very near to , having various tourist locations like Moghul Gardens, Cactus Garden, Mansa Devi Temple, Nadha Sahib a historic gurudwara and Hills a tourist resort. TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE IN HARYANA Government of Haryana is committed to make endeavors towards creating social value by providing efficient, reliable and eco-friendly modern transport services for the safe movement of people and goods with liberal use of modern day Information Technology. The involvement of private sector isconsidered necessary in this era of liberalization and globalization. Transport Commissioner of the state is responsible for providing well- coordinated, economical, safe and efficient transport services to the public of the state. , a State Government Undertaking is the principal service provider for passenger transport in the State. It has a fleet of about 3500 buses operated by 20 depots, each headed by a General Manager, and 17 sub-depots functioning under the depot concerned. These services are being provided to every part of the State as well as to important destinations in the neighbouring States. Haryana Roadways plies on an average 1.11 million km road length and carries 1.12 million passengers every day on 1116 Intra- State and 446 Inter-State routes. Over the years, Haryana Roadways has earned a name for itself for the range and quality of services provided by it. In tune with the emerging requirements of the travelling public and tourists visiting the various areas in Haryana, Haryana Roadways has undertaken a series of new initiatives to provide better services to its clients. New Volvo AC bus service 'Saarthi' has been started on Chandigarh-Delhi- and Chandigarh-Delhi-Faridabad routes. Some of the trips are also touching Indira Gandhi International (IGI) Airport and the Domestic Airport Delhi. In addition to the Haryana Roadways buses, the buses of Himachal Road Transport Corporation, Punjab Roadways, Pepsu Road Transport Corporation, Jammu and Kashmir State Roadways Corporation and Rajasthan State Roadways Corporation are plying on various routes in Haryana. The Government of Haryana has also issued licenses to various co-operative societies and ex-servicemen to run buses on shorter routes in the districts particularly the villages. Copyright © 2012 Published by IJMRR. All rights reserved 2208

IJMRR/ Jan 2013/ Volume 3/Issue 1/Article No-7/2204-2213 ISSN: 2249-7196

In addition to buses being run by various state roadways, there are 969380 private cars and jeeps, 19978 taxis and 35646 Public Service Vehicles on road in Haryana. For the convenience of travelers on short distances, number of auto-rickshaws plying on the roads of Haryana are 94770. In short, the transport system in Haryana is quiet good and the passengers can use the transport system even during late night hours. Haryana Government for the convenience of travelers and the general public has laid full emphasis on the construction of roads. As per the latest information, the road length (metalled/un-metalled) maintained in Haryana by National Highways and State Highways is 1463 km. and 25653 km. respectively. The state government has made sincere effort to bring as much area as possible under roads. The roads in general in initial stages were managed by National Highways, State Highways and the Local bodies. As per the Government decision, the maintenance of roads has been taken over from the local bodies and entrusted to Public Works Department (PWD) of the State Government. The data shows that the road length showed an increasing trend and increased from 8187 km. in 1996-97 to 27116 km. in 2010- 11 showing an increase by over 231 percent. The deep insight into the roads network in Haryana revealed that the road length maintained by the National Highways, State Highways and the state roads was the highest in (2436 km) followed by (2267 km) and Sirsa (2249 km). The 4 th and 5 th place was occupied by Kaithal and Karnal districts. The minimum road network was found to be in Faridabad (585 km) followed by Panchkula (601 km) and Gurgaon (717 km). The area maintained by National Highways was the maximum in Hisar (144 km) followed by Ambala (138 km) and Jind and (124 km each). The road length maintained by State roads was the maximum in Bhiwani (2400 km) followed by Sirsa (2163 km) and Hisar (2123 km). In other words, there was a good net work of roads in Haryana and all the important towns were connected to Chandigarh and Delhi by road. As a result, the tourist as well as the general public finds no problem in traveling on these roads even at odd hours of the night. Haryana is possessed with not only good network of roads, but at the same way, the railway track length of has been observed to be around 4106 km. The railways have their network on the Delhi-Amritsar route, Delhi-Chandigarh/Simla route, Delhi-Bhatinda, Jind-, Bhiwani-Rohtak-Chandigarh, Kurukshetra-Jind-Jakhal-Bhatinda and Delhi-Ferozepur routes. Even for Rajasthan, train is available from Hisar. All the three type of Railway Gauge- Broad gauge, Metre gauge and Narrow gauge are available, though the route length varied. 93.4 percent of the total railway route in Haryana was under Broad Gauge, 6.35 percent under Narrow Gauge, while less than 0.3 percent was under metre Gauge. The metre gauge railway route is from Hisar to Hanumangarh route up to Nahar, while the metre gauge is the route from to Simla. Only very small portion of this route is in Haryana. The data shows that the total railway track has increased by about 25 percent during 1966-67 to 2010-11. The trends showed an increasing trend up to 2009-10, but remained constant during the last two years. The track length under metre gauge remained the same in both the years viz. 2009-10 and 2010-11. The track length under narrow gauge was found to be 259.56 km in 1966-67, there was a marginal increase in 2005-06 and the rail length increased to 260.85 km and has remained the same till today. Copyright © 2012 Published by IJMRR. All rights reserved 2209

IJMRR/ Jan 2013/ Volume 3/Issue 1/Article No-7/2204-2213 ISSN: 2249-7196

HOTELS AND RESTUARANTS Hotels and Restaurants are considered to be the backbone of tourism industry as one cannot survive and enjoy without proper food and nourishment. In many tour programmes, accommodation for stay and food particularly, the breakfast and the dinner of the tourists is included in the tour package along with the travel cost. Moreover, hotels could earn more income than travel services as travelers can't just travel and travel, but also need to take rest and stay at a place. Hotel industry in Haryana is a booming trade with as many as 5407 registered Hotels and Restaurants of various categories (Stars and Non- Stars). These hotels and restaurants are the establishments registered under Punjab Shops and Commercial Establishment Act 1958. Small hotels, dhabas and way side motels have not been included in this list. The data across different years showed an increasing trend from 1966 to 2009, the period up to which the data is available. The number of hotels and restaurants increased from 3447 in 1966 to 5407 in 2009 showing an increase by around 57 percent. The number of employees getting their livelihood from these hotels has increased from 3370 in 1966 to 13828 in 2009 showing an increase by over 310 percent. It could be added that the hotels in Chandigarh, the combined capital of Haryana and Punjab have not been included, though most of the tourist visiting Panchkula or nearby areas are making use of comfortable and luxurious accommodation in Chandigarh. As per the Tourism Department, Chandigarh (UT) Statistical Abstract of Chandigarh for the year 2007, there were more than 40 hotels of different standards catering to the need of all type of tourists. In addition to this there were various Dharamshalas, Kissan Ghars and Private Guest Houses. HIGHWAY TOURISM The Tourism Department Haryana came into existence in the year 1966 when Haryana was created as a separate state by bi-furcating the state of Punjab. The primary function of the Tourism Department is to develop tourism infrastructure in the public and private sector. The development of tourism infrastructure in the public sector is done by way of funds received from the State Govt. in its annual/five year plans. In addition, the Tourism Department makes efforts to get maximum possible assistance from Govt. of India for creation of tourism infrastructure. Once developed and furnished the tourist complexes are handed over to the Haryana Tourism Development Corporation for their maintenance and operation. As on date, the department has set up a net work of 44 tourist complexes spread all over the state. Detail of these tourist complexes, year of establishment and the availability of rooms is as under:

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IJMRR/ Jan 2013/ Volume 3/Issue 1/Article No-7/2204-2213 ISSN: 2249-7196

Table No 4: Location of Tourist Complexes run by HTDC across various Districts Name of District Name of the complex Situated at Year in Rooms which AMBALA Kingfisher Ambala 1986 19 BHIWANI Baya Bhiwani 1989/2002 7 FARIDABAD Badkhal Lake Faridabad 1969 45 Hotel Raj Hans Suraj-kund 1982 78 The Heritage Suraj- kund 1988 165 Sumird Motel/Rest. Suraj-kund 1970 21 Golf Course, Aravali Suraj -kund 1990/1996 9 Magpie Faridabad 1975 31 Dabchik 1974 22 Raja Nahar Singh Palace Ballabhgarh 2003 6 FATEHABAD Papiha Fatehabad 1994/1999 2 GURGAON Shama Gurgaon 1974 18 Sirsa Damdama 1989 15 Sohna Sohna 1973 16 Rosy pelican (Bird Sanc.) Sultanpur 1972 14 HISAR Flamingo Hisar 1973 6 Blue Bird Hisar 1996 14 Hansi 1999 6 JIND Bulbul Jind 1972 6 KAITHAL Koel Kaithal 1984 6 KARNAL Lake Uchana 1972 25 Oasis Uchana 1973 - Highway Golf Club Uchana 1999 - KURUKSHETRA Parakeet Pipli 1972 16 Neelkanth Krishna Dham Kurukshetra 1987 31 Jyotisar 1994 2 Anjan Pehowa 1999 10 PANIPAT Sky lark Panipat 1976 19 Blue Jay Samalkha 1972 8 PANCHKULA Mountain Quail Morni Hills 1987/1999 14 Red Bishop Panckula 1972/1993 22 Yadvinra Garden 1967 26 Mansa Devi Yatrika Mansa Devi 1997 8 Adventure Resort Tikkar Taal 2003 6 Jungle babbler Dhruhera 1974 13 Sand Piper Rewari 1982 10 ROHTAK Tillyar Lake Rohtak 1976/1999 20 Myna Rohtak 1975 9 JHAJJAR Gauriyya 1990 27 SIRSA Sur khab Sirsa 1980 7 Shikra Asakhera 1979/1984 6 Cotton Teal Ottu 2001 Ethnic India Rai 2000 54 YAMUNA Grey Pelican Yamuna 1984 9 NAGAR Nagar Haryana has acquired a prominent place on the tourist map of India for its outstanding contribution in promotion of tourism. The Government has set up a network of tourist complexes all over the state which are extremely popular with the tourists. There are in all Copyright © 2012 Published by IJMRR. All rights reserved 2211

IJMRR/ Jan 2013/ Volume 3/Issue 1/Article No-7/2204-2213 ISSN: 2249-7196

848 rooms with 1863 beds, Convention Centres, Golf Courses, Lakes, Heritage rooms and other facilities such as Camping Sites etc. The Govt. has provided major thrust to tourism promotion in the State, so that it becomes a major engine of economic growth and a catalyst of employment generation. The Government has announced its Tourism Policy in the year 2008. The Tourism Policy has acknowledged the role of private sector in tourism development and promotion with Government acting as facilitator and catalyst for the future growth. The thrust however is on human resource development, systematic marketing and adoption of new technologies in the tourism sector. To study the satisfaction level of user of the various facilities, the results of the survey of revealed that about 83 percent of the respondents were satisfied with the general transportation system prevailing in the state. Transportation system in respect to the tourist sites was not very satisfactory. One could reach the Bus stand easily, but to reach the tourists sites, local transport was required. In most of the cities of Haryana, taxis for local visits were not available, but three wheelers could be hired by individual as well as in groups for the trip as well the full day. Guidance for the tourist places was not available in every city, but was available at certain places. 75 percent of the tourists were satisfied with the quality of food available at majority of the tourist places of attraction more particularly the Haryana highway tourist spots and the hotels/motels. At most of the places, both fast food/snacks tea, coffee and cold drinks and regular lunch/dinner was served. Some of the places had bars and the hard drinks were available for the tourists. Facility was available to provide the packed food at almost all the places on order. Accommodation for the stay of the tourists at most of the tourist spots in addition to the hotels run by the private entrepreneurs was available. The accommodation provided by the Haryana Tourism Development Corporation though limited was comparatively better and cheaper as compared to the private hotels. Hospitality provided by the tourism department too was better. Facility of shopping centers was not available at all the locations. The places where this was available, the variety was good and even the imported articles (ceased by the custom department) were available, but the prices charged were comparatively higher as compared to the open market. In shirt, Haryana Tourism Development Corporation was providing a good service to the visitors and the food prepared was neat clean and hygienic and served in a good manner. The respondents felt they can recommend to their friends and relatives to use the hospitality and services provided by the Corporation and they are recommending too. Almost 60 percent of the respondents mentioned that they have visited the place more than three times and would visit in future too, which is a good complement for the tourism Department. The study further revealed that tourism being a state department financed and run by the Government through the corporation has certain limitation in view of the decision making process and has to take orders from the higher authorities which is time consuming. The problem created by the auditors in respect to various purchases and sales made by the local staff is another hurdle for proper dealing with the customers. Sometimes the emergency purchases are postponed for fear of the auditors and the customers suffer. As per the rules the preference is given to the lower quotes and the quality is ignored with the result that inferior goods are purchased. Copyright © 2012 Published by IJMRR. All rights reserved 2212

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It is therefore recommended to increase the capacity, number of rooms, improve the menu, purchase the quality articles for the room etc. The powers at the local level may be revised to accommodate urgent purchases. REFERENCES Ahuja SP, Sazena SR. Tourism in India, A Prospective to 1990,Institute of Economic and Market Research, New Delhi, 1977. John A. Residents' Perceptions on Tourism Impacts. Annals of Tourism Research 19(4): 665- 90. Bagri SC, Mishra JM. Mountain Ecotourism in Lata and TolmaVillages of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve (NDBR): A study of Stakeholders perception and Forecasting Future Facilities and Amenities 2005; VII: 13-40. Cooper GP. Progress in Tourism, Recreation and Hospitality Management 1992; I,II & III. CBS Publishers, New Delhi. Phukan H, Rahman Z, Devdutt P. Impact of infrastructure on spiritual tourism in Uttarakhand with special emhasis on Haridwar and Rishikesh, Paper presented in National Conference on Emerging Challenges for Sustainable Business 2012. Haq SM. Imamul and Shahnawaz Ahmad Dar: An analysis of Pilgrims and Pilgrimage Sites in Kashmir. Ind. Jr. International Tourism & Hospitality Research 2009; III (1): 74-84. Walia MP, Ahluwalia S. A study of Tourist’s satisfacvtion Level Towards Haryana Highway Tourism. Ind. Jr. International Tourism & Hospitality Research 2009; III (1): 74-84. Kitnuntaviwat V, Tang JCS. Residents' Attitudes, Perception and Support for Sustainable Tourism Development. Tourism and Hospitality Planning & Development journal 2008; V (1): 45-60.

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