Reconfiguring the Extraterritorial History, Language, and Identity in Selected Works by Edwidge Danticat and Junot Díaz

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Reconfiguring the Extraterritorial History, Language, and Identity in Selected Works by Edwidge Danticat and Junot Díaz Reconfiguring the Extraterritorial History, Language, and Identity in selected works by Edwidge Danticat and Junot Díaz by Camilo Chiappe Bejar A dissertation submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy UCL 1 I, Camilo Chiappe Bejar confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. ________________ 2 ABSTRACT This thesis argues for a reassessment of the concept of extraterritorial literature—a term coined by George Steiner in the late sixties to highlight the global approach of nomad authors who refused to belong to a single national tradition by means of linguistic experimentation. It does so by examining a variety of examples from the work of Edwidge Danticat and Junot Díaz, two authors born in separate nations within the same island (Hispaniola) who live in the United States and who write in a language strange yet adjacent to their countries of origin. Danticat and Díaz express their extraterritoriality through three different approaches: By reframing the ‘official’ historical discourse of Haiti and the Dominican Republic in the 20th century perpetuated by the military regimes of the Duvaliers and Trujillo; by diversifying theories of identity creation and the migrant’s role within and outside of his or her diaspora; and by reconfiguring the elocution of a new extraterritorial language which challenges pre-established parameters through the subversion of Core languages. On a larger scale, this thesis contends that, in an increasingly fluid contemporary world, extraterritorial literature can serve as a counterpoint to the insular concerns of canonical systems of classification and standardised concepts of national literature. As such, extraterritorial literature also asks us to reconsider labels such as post- nationalism and cosmopolitanism as flights of fancy detached from the harsh realities 3 instilled by the many levels of economic and cultural inequality between nations. Whereas Goethe saw comparative literature as a practice founded upon dialogues between national literatures, extraterritorial literature transcends frontiers by embracing its own complexities and inherent incompleteness, ultimately helping to construct liminal scopes and a framework for the constant critique of literary terminology itself. 4 Impact Statement This thesis focuses on the literary work of two contemporary multilingual immigrant authors from Haiti and the Dominican Republic. It attempts to show the many ways in which migrant narratives are constructed and, as such, it transcends the field of comparative literature and employs a multidisciplinary approach that includes theories from a range of specialities. The introduction serves as a review of existing and contiguous material pertaining to the concept of ‘extraterritorial literature’, and could be used as a resource for drafting a syllabus on the overlapping of migration studies and literary inquiry. The first chapter deals primarily with historiography, proposing a cross-boundary reading of the shared history between Haiti and the Dominican Republic and their relationship to the United States. The second chapter focuses on the linguistic tools employed by these authors to articulate their narratives, combining close textual analysis with theories of language and translation. The third chapter uses sociology as the basis for exploring issues of identity construction and diasporic narratives. Lastly, the epilogue proposes new methods for the study of migrant literature, arguing that the existing over-reliance of canons and classifications based on nation and language are limited and inappropriate for contemporary works that transcend boundaries and taxonomies. As such, this thesis could be of interest to researchers focusing on Haitian and Dominican literature, exophonic and multilingual literature, extraterritorial language, identity creation through textual representations, migration and diasporic studies– while serving as a source of reference for anyone interested in the construction of narratives in flux, and how these can be used as a pedagogic method of multicultural instruction. 5 CONTENTS Introduction..........................................................................................................................................................................................8 Chapter I: History I. People's Instinctive Travels and The Silenced Paths of History.....................................................................................46 II. A brief history of Hispaniola.........................................................................................................................................................49 III. A Zafa for every Fukú: Redressing Trujillo in The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao........................................61 IV. Cutting Through Time: The Parsley Massacre in The Farming of Bones..................................................................73 V. Towards An Extraterritorial History.........................................................................................................................................89 Chapter II: Language I. Vessels of Speech: The extraterritorial language of Edwidge Danticat and Junot Díaz.....................................102 II. Trascending the Extraterritorial..............................................................................................................................................107 III. Yunior as Saint Jerome: Methods of Translation in The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao..........................111 IV. Decolonising Lenguaje.................................................................................................................................................................127 V. Lòt bò dlo: The Other Side of Language in Brother, I’m Dying and the work of Edwidge Danticat..............137 VI. Deterritorialising The Extraterritorial................................................................................................................................ 159 Chapter III: Identity I. Life Along the Borderline..............................................................................................................................................................168 II. From Diaspora to Where?...........................................................................................................................................................171 III. The Uses of Identity: Identity Construction in Edwidge Danticat’s ‘Caroline’s Wedding’ and Junot Diaz’s ‘How To Date A Brown Girl (Black Girl, White Girl, or Halfie)‘...............................................................178 IV. The Politics of Inclusion: Rejection and Acceptance in Junot Díaz’s ‘Drown’......................................................189 V. Self Reflexivity: Awareness and Politics in Edwidge Danticat’s ‘New York Day Women’................................206 VI. The Liminal Borders of Extraterritorial Identity: Danticat’s The Dew Breaker and Díaz’s short stories........................................................................................................................................................................................................213 Epilogue.................................................................................................................................................................................................225 Bibliography......................................................................................................................................................................................239 6 ‘Tell us what it is to be a woman so that we may know what it is to be a man. What moves at the margin. What it is to have no home in this place. To be set adrift from the one you knew. What it is to live at the edge of towns that cannot bear your company.’ Toni Morrison (Nobel Lecture, 1993) 7 IntroDuction The EDges of Narrative Borders, both real and fictional, are born out of a necessity to delineate the private from the public, and contemporary societies, with their ever more blatant disparities, show an increasing amount of imaginary rifts made real. From the psychological constructs of racism to the administrative demarcations of nation states, these invented divisions serve to create a narrative of difference, perpetuating communities, as Benedict Anderson pointed out, ‘distinguished, not by their falsity/genuineness, but by the style in which they are imagined’ (2006: 48). 1 This segregated fashioning of identity disconnects the individual from what is ‘other’ and reinforces her or his allegiances with the immediacy of superficial cohesions. Lives in motion, however, seldom follow the limitations dictated by pre-conditioned narratives, and it is in the dramatic clash between reality and fiction, between expectations and certainty, between profound injustice and the wish for equality, where we find the extraterritorial. The materialisation of borders in today’s world is made evident in several societal norms we take for granted; starting, for instance, with the queues at passport 1 Anderson’s definition of nations as imagined communities can be summed up, in his own words, as follows: ‘I propose the following definition of the nation: it is an imagined political community—and imagined as both inherently limited and sovereign. It is imagined because the members of even the smallest nation
Recommended publications
  • Writers Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Monica Ali Isabel Allende Martin Amis Kurt Andersen K
    Writers Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Monica Ali Isabel Allende Martin Amis Kurt Andersen K. A. Applegate Jeffrey Archer Diana Athill Paul Auster Wasi Ahmed Victoria Aveyard Kevin Baker Mark Allen Baker Nicholson Baker Iain Banks Russell Banks Julian Barnes Andrea Barrett Max Barry Sebastian Barry Louis Bayard Peter Behrens Elizabeth Berg Wendell Berry Maeve Binchy Dustin Lance Black Holly Black Amy Bloom Chris Bohjalian Roberto Bolano S. J. Bolton William Boyd T. C. Boyle John Boyne Paula Brackston Adam Braver Libba Bray Alan Brennert Andre Brink Max Brooks Dan Brown Don Brown www.downloadexcelfiles.com Christopher Buckley John Burdett James Lee Burke Augusten Burroughs A. S. Byatt Bhalchandra Nemade Peter Cameron W. Bruce Cameron Jacqueline Carey Peter Carey Ron Carlson Stephen L. Carter Eleanor Catton Michael Chabon Diane Chamberlain Jung Chang Kate Christensen Dan Chaon Kelly Cherry Tracy Chevalier Noam Chomsky Tom Clancy Cassandra Clare Susanna Clarke Chris Cleave Ernest Cline Harlan Coben Paulo Coelho J. M. Coetzee Eoin Colfer Suzanne Collins Michael Connelly Pat Conroy Claire Cook Bernard Cornwell Douglas Coupland Michael Cox Jim Crace Michael Crichton Justin Cronin John Crowley Clive Cussler Fred D'Aguiar www.downloadexcelfiles.com Sandra Dallas Edwidge Danticat Kathryn Davis Richard Dawkins Jonathan Dee Frank Delaney Charles de Lint Tatiana de Rosnay Kiran Desai Pete Dexter Anita Diamant Junot Diaz Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni E. L. Doctorow Ivan Doig Stephen R. Donaldson Sara Donati Jennifer Donnelly Emma Donoghue Keith Donohue Roddy Doyle Margaret Drabble Dinesh D'Souza John Dufresne Sarah Dunant Helen Dunmore Mark Dunn James Dashner Elisabetta Dami Jennifer Egan Dave Eggers Tan Twan Eng Louise Erdrich Eugene Dubois Diana Evans Percival Everett J.
    [Show full text]
  • 'Translating' Emotions: Nationalism in Contemporary Greek Cinema
    ‘Reading’ and ‘Translating’ Emotions: Nationalism in Contemporary Greek Cinema by Sophia Sakellis A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (Research) Department of Modern Greek and Byzantine Studies The Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences University of Sydney October 2016 ABSTRACT This study explores emotions related to nationalism, and their manifestations in contemporary Greek cinema. It also investigates the reasons and mechanisms giving rise to nationalism, and how it is perceived, expressed and ‘translated’ into other cultures. A core focus within the nationalist paradigm is the theme of national identity, with social exclusion ideologies such as racism operating in the background. Two contemporary Greek films have been chosen, which deal with themes of identity, nationalism, xenophobia, anger and fear in different contexts. The study is carried out by drawing on the theories of emotion, language, translation and cinema, to analyse the visual and audio components of the two films and ascertain their translatability to an Australian audience. Both films depict a similar milieu to each other, which is plagued by the lingering nature of all the unresolved political and national issues faced by the Greek nation, in addition to the economic crisis, a severe refugee crisis, and externally imposed policy issues, as well as numerous other social problems stemming from bureaucracy, red tape and widespread state-led corruption, which have resulted in massive rates of unemployment and financial hardship that have befallen a major part of the population. In spite of their topicality, the themes are universal and prevalent in a number of countries to varying degrees, as cultural borders become increasingly integrated, both socially and economically.
    [Show full text]
  • Study on the Size of the Language Industry in the EU
    Studies on translation and multilingualism o The size of the language industry in the EU European Commission Directorate-General for Translation 1/2009 Manuscript completed on 17th August 2009 ISBN 978-92-79-14181-2 © European Commission, 2009 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. %R7`V]Q` Q .V 1`VH Q`: VVJV`:C`Q``:JC: 1QJ Q` .V%`Q]V:J QII11QJ !1J:C0V`1QJ R$R% %R7QJ .V1<VQ` .VC:J$%:$V1JR% `71J .V .%$% .V:J$%:$VVH.JQCQ$7VJ `V R R 1J$ QJ1CC 1J$ QJ%]QJ.:IV %``V7 J1 VR1J$RQI 1118C:J$ VH.8HQ8%@ % .Q`7 `8R`1:JV 1JH.V.::.#1JQI]% : 1QJ:C1J$%1 1H``QI%QJJJ10V`1 75(V`I:J78 .V `Q%JRVR .V :J$%:$V VH.JQCQ$7 VJ `V ^_ 1J 5 : C1I1 VR HQI]:J7 G:VR 1J QJRQJ :JR 1JHQ`]Q`: VR 1J :.1J$ QJ #8 .J /]`1C 5 GVH:IV ]:` Q` : $`Q%] Q` HQI]:J1V%JRV` .V%IG`VCC:Q`/12#.3( R11 .#`811JH.V:I:=Q`1 7.:`V.QCRV`8 JRV`#`811JH.V;CV:RV`.1]5HQJ 1J%V QQ]V`: V::I%C 1C1J$%:CHQJ%C :JH75V`01HV :JRQ` 1:`VR1 `1G% 1QJHQI]:J71.V`V:Q` 1:`VRV1$J5RV0VCQ]IVJ :JR%]]Q` 1: `:J`V``VR Q/$1CVVGQC% 1QJ R811 .Q``1HV1JQJRQJ:JR%QJJ5(V`I:J78 #`8 11JH.V HQRQ`R1J: V 1J V`J:C :JR 7 `%JRVR `VV:`H. :JR RV0VCQ]IVJ ]`Q=VH 5 I:`@V %R1V:JR `1:C8.V1::]]Q1J VRV0:C%: Q``Q`V0V`:C:CC`Q``Q]Q:CQ` .V 7%`Q]V:JQII11QJ5:JR`V01V1V``Q`V0V`:C7]`Q=VH V0:C%: 1QJ8 :R1:1Q` V`:R:JQ 1;]`Q`1CV1JHC%RV:%H1J.71H:JR/R0:JHVRVH.JQCQ$1V]%`%VR : .VJ10V`1 1V Q` 8`V1G%`$ ^(V`I:J7_ :JR 1VJ: ^.
    [Show full text]
  • 11 Th Grade American Literature Summer Assignment (2019­2020 School Y Ear)
    6/26/2019 American Lit Summer Reading 2019-20 - Google Docs 11 th Grade American Literature Summer Assignment (2019­2020 School Y ear) Welcome to American Literature! This summer assignment is meant to keep your reading and writing skills fresh. You should choose carefully —select books that will be interesting and enjoyable for you. Any assignments that do not follow directions exactly will not be accepted. This assignment is due Friday, August 16, 2019 to your American Literature Teacher. This will count as your first formative grade and be used as a diagnostic for your writing ability. Directions: For your summer assignment, please choose o ne of the following books to read. You can choose if your book is Fiction or Nonfiction. Fiction Choices Nonfiction Choices Catch 22 by Joseph Heller The satirical story of a WWII soldier who The Short and Tragic Life of Robert Peace by Jeff Hobbs. An account thinks everyone is trying to kill him and hatches plot after plot to keep of a young African‑American man who escaped Newark, NJ, to attend from having to fly planes again. Yale, but still faced the dangers of the streets when he returned is, Bastard Out of Carolina by Dorothy Allison The story of an abusive “nuanced and shattering” ( People ) and “mesmeric” ( The New York Southern childhood. Times Book Review ) . The Known World by Edward P. Jones The story of a black, slave Outliers / Blink / The Tipping Point by Malcolm Gladwell Fascinating owning family. statistical studies of everyday phenomena. For Whom the Bell Tolls by Ernest Hemingway A young American The Hot Zone: A Terrifying True Story by Richard Preston There is an anti‑fascist guerilla in the Spanish civil war falls in love with a complex outbreak of ebola virus in an American lab, and other stories of germs woman.
    [Show full text]
  • Sara L. Pfaff English Department, Brown University Box 1852, Providence, RI 02912 Phone: (586) 596-7130 Email: Sara [email protected]
    Sara L. Pfaff English Department, Brown University Box 1852, Providence, RI 02912 phone: (586) 596-7130 email: [email protected] Education: Brown University, Providence, RI 2008— Ph.D., English, completion May 2016 M.A., English, May 2010 Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 2003—2008 B.A., English, May 2008 B.A., History, May 2008 Dissertation: “Pluralism and Pathology in Ethnic American Fiction” explores the political implications of alternative configurations of multiethnic communities in American literature since 1965. In particular, my project examines how tropes of pathology and disease reflect—not just bodies that are in transition—but also communities and individuals that are increasingly interconnected, interdependent, and metastable. The pathological and ailing body functions as a literary device that advocates for the centrality of contingency and adaptation within ethnic, political, and social forms of belonging. I argue that this emphasis on contingent identity troubles the reified identity forms disseminated by nationalist ideologies and introduces alternative forms of belonging based in liminality, uncertainty, and debate. Tropes of pathological embodiment in the novels of N. Scott Momaday, John A. Williams, John E. Wideman, Louise Erdrich, Paul Beatty, Sherman Alexie, and Colson Whitehead thus provide a vital critique of (and alternative to) dominant ideologies of multiculturalism, which have recently been shown as reinforcing, rather than rectifying, racial inequality. This project explains how this literary device is congruent with a refashioning of multiculturalism in literary criticism; and analyzes how contingent configurations of identity are compatible with the rise of pluralism in emerging political, scientific, and cultural theory. Chair: Rolland Murray Committee: Professors Daniel Kim and Ralph Rodriguez Publications: “‘The slack string is just a slack string’: Neoformalist Networks in The White Boy Shuffle”.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    ReportNo. 6442-CRG CaribbeanRegion CurrentSituation, Issues and Prospects Public Disclosure Authorized Otober 17,1986 LatinAmerica and the CaribbeanRegional Office FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized U Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Documentof the Ubrld Bank Thisdocument has a restricteddistribution and may be usedby recipients onlyin the performanceof theirofficial duties. Its contents may not otherwise bedisclosed without World Bank atithorization. FOR OMCIL UseONLY PREFACE This Reporthas been preparedfor the CaribbeanGroup for Cooperationand EconomicDevelopment (CGCED). Its prime objectiveis to focus attentionon the performance,problems, prospects and the needs of the Caribbeancountries. Part I, Overviewof the CaribbeanEconomies, provides a synopsis of the prcgressand the outlookof the 15 economiesin the region. While the Bank's updatingecononic reports prepared for the CGCED have essentiallya countryfocus, this sectionof the Reportaims at providinga regionalperspective on selectedeconomic policy and sectorissues, particularlyissues in the traditionalexport sectors, in employment, public finance,exchange rate policy,foreign debt, privatesector and state enterprises. Part II examinesthe externalfinancing requirements for each countryin 1986-88. Three points are noteworthy. First,on a per capita basis, these requirementsare quite substantial.Second, in nearlyall countriesthere is now a need for balanceof paymentsor budgetarysupport in additionto externalfinancing of publicsector investment.And
    [Show full text]
  • Jesmyn Ward, ​Salvage the Bones Alice Walker, ​The Color Purple Ernest Gaines, A​ Lesson Before Dying Colson Whitehead, ​The Intuitionist Yaa Gyasi, ​Homegoing N
    June 2020 Dear ​11th and 12th​ U.S. Literature Students, The following is your summer reading list. I have provided several fiction and nonfiction books as options. You are required to read ​two (2) books​ this summer, ​three (3) books​ if you plan to take Honors​. You will have individual writing assignments based on your summer reading and follow up discussions in August/September. Honors students will present multimedia reflections on their chosen texts. All of these assignments will be part of your first semester grade for U.S. Literature. You can find these books on Amazon, Barnes & Noble.com, Half Priced Books, Google Play Books, etc. (see used copies), or e-copies at your local libraries (until libraries reopen). They can also be found as audio books (Audible), so you may elect to listen to the story being read aloud as you follow along, if that helps you. Fiction Toni Morrison, ​Beloved Richard Wright, ​Native Son Jesmyn Ward, ​Salvage the Bones Alice Walker, ​The Color Purple Ernest Gaines, ​A Lesson Before Dying Colson Whitehead, ​The Intuitionist Yaa Gyasi, ​Homegoing N. Scott Momaday, ​House Made of Dawn Jhumpa Lahiri, ​Interpreter of Maladies Randy Ribay, ​Patron Saints of Nothing Mario Alberto Zambrano, ​Lotería Erika L. Sánchez, ​I Am Not Your Perfect Mexican Daughter Elizabeth Acevedo, ​The Poet X Nonfiction Joan Didion, ​Where I Was From Domingo Martinez, ​The Boy Kings of Texas Mohammed Ghassan Farjia, ​The Layman’s Guide to Climate Change Kwame Alexander, ​The Playbook: 52 Rules to Aim, Shoot, and Score in this Game Called Life Janet Gurtler, ​You Too? Matthew Desmond, ​Evicted: Poverty and Profit in the American City Robert Pirsig, ​Zen and Art of Motorcycle Maintenance Best wishes, Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Welsh Language Technology Action Plan Progress Report 2020 Welsh Language Technology Action Plan: Progress Report 2020
    Welsh language technology action plan Progress report 2020 Welsh language technology action plan: Progress report 2020 Audience All those interested in ensuring that the Welsh language thrives digitally. Overview This report reviews progress with work packages of the Welsh Government’s Welsh language technology action plan between its October 2018 publication and the end of 2020. The Welsh language technology action plan derives from the Welsh Government’s strategy Cymraeg 2050: A million Welsh speakers (2017). Its aim is to plan technological developments to ensure that the Welsh language can be used in a wide variety of contexts, be that by using voice, keyboard or other means of human-computer interaction. Action required For information. Further information Enquiries about this document should be directed to: Welsh Language Division Welsh Government Cathays Park Cardiff CF10 3NQ e-mail: [email protected] @cymraeg Facebook/Cymraeg Additional copies This document can be accessed from gov.wales Related documents Prosperity for All: the national strategy (2017); Education in Wales: Our national mission, Action plan 2017–21 (2017); Cymraeg 2050: A million Welsh speakers (2017); Cymraeg 2050: A million Welsh speakers, Work programme 2017–21 (2017); Welsh language technology action plan (2018); Welsh-language Technology and Digital Media Action Plan (2013); Technology, Websites and Software: Welsh Language Considerations (Welsh Language Commissioner, 2016) Mae’r ddogfen yma hefyd ar gael yn Gymraeg. This document is also available in Welsh.
    [Show full text]
  • Haiti: Sustaining Partnerships in Sustainable Development Anthony Vinciguerra St
    Journal of Community Engagement and Scholarship Volume 7 | Issue 2 Article 2 September 2014 Haiti: Sustaining Partnerships in Sustainable Development Anthony Vinciguerra St. Thomas University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.northgeorgia.edu/jces Recommended Citation Vinciguerra, Anthony (2014) "Haiti: Sustaining Partnerships in Sustainable Development," Journal of Community Engagement and Scholarship: Vol. 7 : Iss. 2 , Article 2. Available at: https://digitalcommons.northgeorgia.edu/jces/vol7/iss2/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Nighthawks Open Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Community Engagement and Scholarship by an authorized editor of Nighthawks Open Institutional Repository. Vinciguerra: Haiti: Sustaining Partnerships in Sustainable Development Haiti: Sustaining Partnerships in Sustainable Development Anthony Vinciguerra Abstract How can universities organize their international community engagement to optimize both student learning and community impact? This article describes the St. Thomas University/Port-de-Paix, Haiti, Global Solidarity Partnership, and provides one model of how a project-focused scaffolding of engaged scholarship opportunities can enhance student learning, empower local communities, and support long- term development. Introduction geographically focused, interdisciplinary, multi- St. Thomas University is a small, urban, tiered community engagement model can both archdiocesan Roman Catholic university located enhance learning opportunities and contribute in Miami Gardens, Florida. The Diocese of Port- to long-term community impact – even in one of de-Paix (geographically equivalent to the North- the poorest regions in the Western Hemisphere. west Department of Haiti) is the sister diocese of the Archdiocese of Miami and is one of the Historical Context and Project Inception poorest and most isolated regions in Haiti (Mo- In 1980, in response to waves of Haitian gisha, 2011).
    [Show full text]
  • Partyman by Title
    Partyman by Title #1 Crush (SCK) (Musical) Sound Of Music - Garbage - (Musical) Sound Of Music (SF) (I Called Her) Tennessee (PH) (Parody) Unknown (Doo Wop) - Tim Dugger - That Thing (UKN) 007 (Shanty Town) (MRE) Alan Jackson (Who Says) You - Can't Have It All (CB) Desmond Decker & The Aces - Blue Oyster Cult (Don't Fear) The - '03 Bonnie & Clyde (MM) Reaper (DK) Jay-Z & Beyonce - Bon Jovi (You Want To) Make A - '03 Bonnie And Clyde (THM) Memory (THM) Jay-Z Ft. Beyonce Knowles - Bryan Adams (Everything I Do) I - 1 2 3 (TZ) Do It For You (SCK) (Spanish) El Simbolo - Carpenters (They Long To Be) - 1 Thing (THM) Close To You (DK) Amerie - Celine Dion (If There Was) Any - Other Way (SCK) 1, 2 Step (SCK) Cher (This Is) A Song For The - Ciara & Missy Elliott - Lonely (THM) 1, 2, 3, 4 (I Love You) (CB) Clarence 'Frogman' Henry (I - Plain White T's - Don't Know Why) But I Do (MM) 1, 2, 3, 4, Sumpin' New (SF) Cutting Crew (I Just) Died In - Coolio - Your Arms (SCK) 1,000 Faces (CB) Dierks Bentley -I Hold On (Ask) - Randy Montana - Dolly Parton- Together You And I - (CB) 1+1 (CB) Elvis Presley (Now & Then) - Beyonce' - There's A Fool Such As I (SF) 10 Days Late (SCK) Elvis Presley (You're So Square) - Third Eye Blind - Baby I Don't Care (SCK) 100 Kilos De Barro (TZ) Gloriana (Kissed You) Good - (Spanish) Enrique Guzman - Night (PH) 100 Years (THM) Human League (Keep Feeling) - Five For Fighting - Fascination (SCK) 100% Pure Love (NT) Johnny Cash (Ghost) Riders In - The Sky (SCK) Crystal Waters - K.D.
    [Show full text]
  • 2009 Annual Meetings of the Boards of Governors Summary
    THE WORLD BANK GROUP THE WORLD BANK GROUP GROUP BANK A 2009 WORLD THE Headquarters 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A. NNUAL Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Telephone: (202) 473-1000 Facsimile: (202) 477-6391 Website: www.worldbank.org M EETINGS THE WORLD BANK GROUP OF THE B OARDS Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized OF NNUAL EETINGS SUMMARY PROCEEDINGS SUMMARY 2009 A M G OVERNORS OF THE OARDS OF OVERNORS B G Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized 2009 Summary Proceedings Istanbul, Turkey October 6–7, 2009 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized 7052-CH00_FM_pi-viii.pdf 4/15/10 7:20 AM Page i THE WORLD BANK GROUP 2009 ANNUAL MEETINGS OF THE BOARDS OF GOVERNORS SUMMARY PROCEEDINGS Istanbul, Turkey October 6–7, 2009 7052-CH00_FM_pi-viii.pdf 4/15/10 7:20 AM Page ii 7052-CH00_FM_pi-viii.pdf 4/15/10 7:20 AM Page iii INTRODUCTORY NOTE The 2009 Annual Meetings of the Boards of Governors of the World Bank Group, which consists of the International Bank for Reconstruc- tion and Development (IBRD), International Finance Corporation (IFC), International Development Association (IDA), Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) and International Centre for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID), held jointly with that of the International Monetary Fund, took place on October 6–7, 2009 in Istanbul, Turkey. The Honorable Nguyen Van Giau, Governor of the Bank and the Fund for Vietnam served as the Chairman. The Summary Proceedings record, in alphabetical order by member countries, the texts of statements by Governors, the resolutions and reports adopted by the Boards of Governors of the World Bank Group.
    [Show full text]
  • Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States
    PUBLIC PAPERS OF THE PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES i VerDate 11-MAY-2000 13:33 Nov 01, 2000 Jkt 010199 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 1234 Sfmt 1234 C:\94PAP2\PAP_PRE txed01 PsN: txed01 ii VerDate 11-MAY-2000 13:33 Nov 01, 2000 Jkt 010199 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 1234 Sfmt 1234 C:\94PAP2\PAP_PRE txed01 PsN: txed01 iii VerDate 11-MAY-2000 13:33 Nov 01, 2000 Jkt 010199 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 1234 Sfmt 1234 C:\94PAP2\PAP_PRE txed01 PsN: txed01 Published by the Office of the Federal Register National Archives and Records Administration For sale by the Superintendent of Documents U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, DC 20402 iv VerDate 11-MAY-2000 13:33 Nov 01, 2000 Jkt 010199 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 1234 Sfmt 1234 C:\94PAP2\PAP_PRE txed01 PsN: txed01 Foreword During the second half of 1994, America continued to move forward to help strengthen the American Dream of prosperity here at home and help spread peace and democracy around the world. The American people saw the rewards that grew out of our efforts in the first 18 months of my Administration. Economic growth increased in strength, and the number of new jobs created during my Administration rose to 4.7 million. After 6 years of delay, the American people had a Crime Bill, which will put 100,000 police officers on our streets and take 19 deadly assault weapons off the street. We saw our National Service initiative become a reality as I swore in the first 20,000 AmeriCorps members, giving them the opportunity to serve their country and to earn money for their education.
    [Show full text]