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Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Cheloninae) Faunası Üzerine Taksonomik Bir Araştırma

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Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Cheloninae) Faunası Üzerine Taksonomik Bir Araştırma Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Aydoğdu, 2017: 14 (02) Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty İç Anadolu Bölgesi Chelonus Panzer, 1806 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Cheloninae) Faunası Üzerine Taksonomik bir Araştırma Mitat Aydoğdu Trakya Üniversitesi, Fen Fakültesi, Biyoloji Bölümü, 22030 Edirne, Türkiye [email protected] Geliş Tarihi (Received): 23.05.2016 Kabul Tarihi (Accepted): 17.11.2016 Bu çalışma, İç Anadolu Bölgesi’nde bulunan Chelonus Panzer, 1806 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Cheloninae) cinsi türlerini belirlemek amacıyla 2007-2009 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Cheloninae türleri Lepidoptera (özellikle Tortricoidea ve Pyraloidea) ve Coleoptera takımları üzerinde soliter koinobiont yumurta-larva endoparazitoidleridirler. Bu yüzden bu grubun üyeleri zararlı böcekler için önemli bir potansiyel biyolojik mücadele etmenidirler. Örnekler atrap kullanarak kısa boylu bitkiler üzerinden toplanmış ve % 70 ‘lik alkol içeren tüplere aktarılmış, daha sonra müze tekniklerine uygun olarak prepare edilip etiketlenmiştir. Araştırmada 45 lokaliteden örnekler alınmış ve değerlendirme sonucu Chelonus cinsine ait 14 tür elde edilmiştir. Saptanan türlerden Chelonus (Chelonus) carbonator Marshall, 1885 Türkiye faunası için yeni kayıttır. Ayrıca bilinen türlere ait yeni kayıtlarla da bu türlerin Türkiyedeki dağılım sınırları genişletilmiştir. Saptanan türlerin, Türkiye ve genel coğrafi dağılımları verilerek zoocoğrafik dağılımları tartışılmıştır. Araştırılan 45 habitattan 30’unda bulunan C. (C.) oculator’un ekolojik valansı en yüksek tür olduğu belirlenmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Braconidae, Chelonus, Fauna, Hymenoptera, Türkiye A Taxonomic Study on Chelonus Panzer, 1806 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Cheloninae) Fauna of Central Anatolian Region of Turkey The study was carried out to determine the species of the genus Chelonus Panzer, 1806 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Cheloninae) in Central Anatolia Region between 2007 and 2009. Cheloninae species are solitary koinobiont egg- larval endoparasitoids on Lepidoptera (especially Tortricoidea and Pyraloidea) and Coleoptera. For this reason, members of this group are potentially very important biological control agents for the pest insects. Samples were collected from short plants using standard insect sweeping nets, transferred into tubes containing 70% ethanol and labeled following their preparations according to museum techniques. Samplings were performed in 45 localities and 14 species of Chelonus were determined of which Chelonus (Chelonus) carbonator Marshall, 1885 is a new record for Turkey fauna. The distributional ranges of already known species were expanded with the addition of new records for these species. The distributions of the determined species in Turkey as well as their general distributions were given and discussed zoogeographically. C. (C.) oculator is found in 30 of the 45 habitats, and appears to perform the highest ecological valance. Keywords: Braconidae, Chelonus, Fauna, Hymenoptera, Turkey Introduction heavily sculptured insects. Although frequently having some pale markings, Chelonus Panzer, Important morphological characters are 1806 and Ascogaster Wesmael, 1835 are distinguished Cheloninae Förster, 1862 from all predominantly blackish, while Phanerotoma other subfamilies of Braconidae Wesmael, 1838, of which there are relatively few (Ichneumonoidae, Hymenoptara) by the rather scarce species in Turkey, is largely possesion of complete posterior mesopleural yellowish-brown. This is a fairly large subfamily of carina and heavily sculptured rigid metasoma by parasitic Hymenoptera with probably including the fusion of tergites. Two tribe of the Cheloninae about 1350 species and approximately 865 subfamily are represented in the Palaearctic Chelonus species in the worldwide. Only about a region. Phanerotomini tribe, in which the quarter of these species have been described and metasoma is divided by crenulate sutures into the biology of very few is known in detail three tergites and body colour is testaceous. (Aydoğdu, 2011; Tobias, 1986; Yu et al., 2012). Chelonini tribe, in which the meatsoma is entire with no trace of sutures, and the body color is Braconidae share with other groups of parasitoids generally black. Chelonines are rather robust and many biological features that can be described using standard terminology. Thus the parasitoid 64 Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Aydoğdu, 2017: 14 (02) Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty larva can feed from a position external to the was used for the determination of species host, in which case it is termed ectoparasitic, or (Aydoğdu 2008, Abdinbekova 1975, Papp 1995, from inside the hosts body endoparasitically. The Tobias 1986). References are used for known relationship a parasitoid has to its host can be distributions and hosts of the species in the world described in another way, reflecting the extent to (Özkan, 2006; Özkan and Tunca, 2005; Özkan and which the host's active life continues after being Özmen 2001; Yu et al. 2012). All the specimens parasitised. Parasitoids that do not permit the have been deposited at Entomology Мuseum of host significant activity or development after the Trakya University, Department of Biology, attack are termed idiobionts, while those whose Edirne. host continues to feed, develop, move around or otherwise look after itself for a time following Results oviposition are called koinobionts. Cheloninae species are solitary koinobiont egg-larval 14 species belonging to Chelonus were identified endoparasitoids on Lepidoptera (especially of which one species are new record for the fauna Tortricoidea, Pyraloidea) and Coleoptera. The of Turkey. The taxa are presented alphabetically. genus Chelonus is very numerous and includes a Cheloninae Förster, 1862 lot of natural enemies of Lepidoptera which are considered pests of several crops. Parasitoids are Chelonini Förster, 1862 free-living as adults and parasitic as larvae; the Chelonus (Chelonus) Panzer, 1806 larvae feed on their hosts, which are mostly insects of various developmental stages. Hosts do Chelonus (Chelonus) annulatus (Nees, 1816) not survive and thus parasitoids play an important Material examined: Ankara-Kalecik-Elmapınar, role in regulating the population of their hosts 28.05.2007, 40016'47N, 33028'04E, crop field and (Askew &Shaw, 1986; Hawkins et al., 1990; pasture, 912 m., 1♀, 2♂♂; -Beypazarı-Akçakavak, Kaeslin et al. 2005; Özkan and Özmen 2001; Shaw 08.06.2007, 40006'21N, 32001'48E, crop field and & Huddleston, 1991). For this reason, members of pasture, 527 m., 1♀; Eskişehir, 07.07.2007, this group are potentially very important 39055'50N, 30016'32E, poplar and willow grove, biological control agents for pest insects. 839 m., 1♂; -Alpu-Sündiken-Geriz, 09.07.2007, A few toxonomical survey has been done on the 39059'06N, 31008'06E, pine forest, 1266 m., 3♀♀, Chelonus fauna of Turkey and therefore the 5 ♂♂; Kayseri-Bünyan-Ekrek, 12.07.2007, Turkish fauna of this genus is not well-known 38039'42N, 36003'30E, pasture, 1424 m., 1♀; (Aydoğdu, 2008; Aydogdu & Beyarslan 2002, Kırıkkale-Keskin-Yeniyapan, 05.06.2008, 2007, 2011; Beyarslan 1985; Beyarslan et al. 39035'52N, 39040'47E, pasture, 950 m., 2♀♀; 2002a, 2002b, 2006; Kohl, 1905; Lozan, 2005; Sivas-Gürün, 05.06.2007, 38046'05N, 37006'03E, Özkan and Özmen 2001). pasture, 1621 m., 1♀; -Hafik-Durulmuş, 31.05.2007, 39050'18N, 37018'53E, poplar grove and clover field, 1275 m., 1♀; Sivas-Tepeönü, Material and Methods 01.06.2007, 39039'32N, 37008'01E, poplar and Following a sampling of the parasitic wasps of willow grove, 1306 m., 2♂♂; -Ulaş-Yağdonduran, Central Anatolian Region of Turkey and 01.06.2007, 39020'28N, 37008'43E, crop field and identification of the collected species, the pasture, 1630 m., 3♀♀, 2♂♂;-Yıldizeli, taxonomical aspects of the Chelonus have been 30.05.2007, 39052'07N, 36037'45E, poplar and studied. Samples were collected from short plants willow grove,1352 m., 2♀♀, 2♂♂; Yozgat-Kuşçu, using standard insect sweeping nets between 29.05.2007, 39039'15N, 34043'14E, poplar and 2007 and 2009, killed in tubes containing 70% willow grove, 1202 m., 1♀, 2♂♂; -Akdağmadeni- ethanol and labeled following their preparations Gökdere, 30.07.2007, 39041'38N, 35042'02E, according to museum techniques. Orchards and poplar grove and pasture, 1194 m., 1♀. vegetable gardens in particular and the nearby Distribution: Palaearktik: Belarus, Bulgaria, woodlands and pastures where the specimens former Czechoslovakia, Finland, France, Georgia, were high in number were selected as the Germany, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Kazakhstan, sampling localities. Sampling localities, altitudes, Kyrgyzstan, Lithuania, Moldova, Mongolia, Poland, habitats, date of collecting and number of Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, individuals as male and female are provided Turkey (Artvin, Amasya, Balıkesir, Bilecik, Bursa, together with each species. Pertinent literature 65 Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi Aydoğdu, 2017: 14 (02) Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty Çorum, Giresun, Gümüşhane, Kastamonu, Ordu, Gümüşhane, İzmit, Kastamonu, Kırklareli, Manisa, Rize, Sinop, Tokat), Ukraine, United Kingdom. Samsun, Tekirdağ), United Kingdom. Chorotype: Asiatic-European. Chorotype: Asiatic-European. Hosts: Lepidoptera: Chyrsoclista lineella C. Hosts: Lepidoptera: Cnephasia pasiuna (H.) (Blastodacnidae); Parachronistis albiceps Z., (Tortricidae). Recurvaria nanella Sch., Stenolechia gemella Chelonus (Chelonus) capsa Tobias, 1972 L.(Gelechiidae); Batia lambdella D. (Oecophoridae); Narycia duplicella G.
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