DOCSLIB.ORG

Tex, Latex and HTML Tools for Windows PC's

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Tex, Latex and HTML Tools for Windows PC's TeX, LaTeX and HTML Tools for Windows PC’s Alan Bridle National Radio Astronomy Observatory Charlottesville Virginia 22903 April 18, 2001 HTML Version Available1 1http://www.cv.nrao.edu/˜abridle/toolmemo/toolmemo.html 1 Contents 1 Summary 2 2 TeX for the PC 2 2.1 MiKTeX . 2 2.1.1 Installation . 3 2.1.2 Use and documentation notes . 3 2.2 Other TeX packages for Windows . 3 3 LaTeX to HTML conversion 4 3.1 LaTeX2HTML . 4 3.2 Pros and cons of LaTeX2HTML . 5 3.3 LaTeX2HTML under Windows . 6 3.4 Using LaTeX2HTML . 6 3.5 Alternatives to LaTeX2HTML . 7 4 Editing aids 8 4.1 Windows TEX shell . 8 4.2 TextPad . 8 A NRAO installation kit 9 A.1 MiKTeX . 9 A.2 Windows TEX shell . 10 A.3 Perl ............................................. 10 A.4 netpbm ........................................... 10 A.5 Ghostscript . 10 A.6 LATEX2HTML ......................................... 11 A.6.1 Configuration and Testing . 11 A.6.2 Installation . 13 A.6.3 Initialization . 14 B NRAO customization of LATEX2HTML 15 B.1 Option to use l2h.ini as the initialization file . 15 B.2 Option to emit NRAO-standard web pages . 15 Index 18 1 1 Summary This document describes free tools that support mastering of technical documents in TEX or LATEX with output either to Postscript or PDF files, or to an HTML file cluster, on PC’s running Microsoft Windows. These tools can produce a range of output formats for different publication media from the same .tex source, at zero cost in software. Installation kits for all of the packages described here, including an option to emit web pages in the NRAO standard format automatically from LATEX source, are available in the NRAO NT domain from the Cvsnap1 server. 2 TeX for the PC Although WYSIWYG Windows “office” software is easier to use for non-technical word-processing, TEX and/or LATEX are still the typesetting systems of choice for many technical documents. This is because • they provide a high-quality display for symbols and equations, • they have been adopted as standards for electronic document submission to many technical publishers and preprint archives, and • they use ASCII text format for the document source files, so that these are portable and can be archived without fear that their format will become unreadable. Most scientists are familiar with TEX and LATEX and many also have access to PC’s running MS-Windows at work and/or at home. TEX -based packages for MS-Windows are therefore likely to be of interest to authors of technical documents for some time, and several comprehensive packages have been developed. Modern publication also calls for format flexibility: output may be needed on paper, as compact single files for electronic document transmission, or as an easily-navigable web with hyperlinks to other material. Postscript, PDF and HTML file clusters, or a mixture of these, are all desirable output formats. Free software for producing all of these formats from a single TEX or LATEX source has been available for some time on the NRAO’s Unix/Linux platforms. The same capabilities can also be provided, at zero cost other than disk space and installation effort, on the Win9x, NT or Win2k systems. Section 2.1 describes a freely-available and well-supported TEX and LATEX package for Microsoft Windows that I have used and can recommend; Section 2.2 mentions alternatives. Section 3 describes a set of packages that can be installed together to convert LATEX source to HTML. 2.1 MiKTeX The open-source and widely-used MiKTeX2 package is available over the net as a free download3.A CD-ROM version is scheduled for release in June 2001. MiKTeX 2.0, released in January 2001 and archived in Charlottesville at Cvsnap1\SW\texutils\MiKTeX2, includes: • TEX and LATEX2e, • pdfTeX and pdflatex for directly producing .pdf output, • dvips and dvipdfm for converting .dvi to Postscript and .pdf, • Yap, a .dvi previewer that can display included Postscript images, 2http://www.miktex.org/ 3http://www.miktex.org/latest.html 2 • many commonly used utilities, e.g. BibTeX, MakeIndex, TeXinfo, etc., • a complete set of public-domain Type-1 (PostScript) fonts for the Computer Modern, LATEX and AMS math families, • a Windows interface to help you configure the package, • optional enhanced TEX features and a TEX-oriented editor, • texify, a TEX compiler driver that will run LATEX, pdflatex, MakeIndex and BibTeX as many times as are needed to produce a .dvi or .pdf file with sorted indices and all of the cross-references resolved. 2.1.1 Installation MiKTeX installation is easy using a setup wizard supplied with the package. Do not, however, use the default installation folder name of Program Files\MiKTeX, or any other folder name that embeds a space, if you will also use LATEX2HTML with MiKTeX. I suggest that you instead tell MiKTeX to install under D:\texutils. You can then use the path names in Section A (and will be able to install the NRAO variant of LATEX2HTML without editing any configuration scripts). MiKTeX does not require administrator privilege to instal, but on an NT system you should login as an administrator so that you can modify the path to make the tex and latex commands available while working in a document directory. For an installation on drive D:, you would add D:\texutils\miktex\bin\; to the path, for example. Other configuration options can be set up from MiKTeX’s own Windows interface at Start|Programs|MikTeX2|MiKTeX Options. The installed size of MiKTeX, including all common fonts and utilities but not the source code, is 73 Mbytes. To uninstall MiKTeX, use Start|Settings|Control Panel|, then click on Add/Remove programs and again on MiKTeX 2 in the program list. The uninstaller will undo everything except the path changes. 2.1.2 Use and documentation notes • MiKTeX runs in the MSDOS-like Command Prompt window, but you can preview .dvi files with Yap by clicking on them in an Explorer file management window. • Yap can print from .dvi directly to Postscript printers but the printout is slow, and does not include page numbering. It is better to run dvips on the .dvi file and then print the resulting .ps file. • The MiKTeX documentation4 by Christian Schenk is well written and is available in HTML or PDF formats. There are also a FAQ (frequently asked questions list) and a “tips and tricks” document. • An archived email discussion list and forum5 is available on the WWW. 2.2 Other TeX packages for Windows emTeX6 by Eberhard Mattes is another free TEX implementation for Windows that also supports LATEX and popular add-ins such as BibTeX. It does not provide PDF support. A freeware Windows 4http://www.miktex.org/docs.html 5http://sourceforge.net/forum/forum.php?forum id=33789 6ftp://ftp.cdrom.com/pub/tex/ctan/systems/msdos/emtex/README.ENG 3 Table 1: LaTeX/HTML Equivalencies LaTeX HTML \chapter <H1> \section <H2> \subsection <H3> \subsubsection <H4> \par <P> \begin{description} <DL> \begin{enumerate} <OL> \begin{itemize} <UL> \item <LI> \begin{table} <TABLE> \begin{figure} <IMG> \emph{text} <EM>text</EM> \textit{text} <I>text</I> \textbf{text} <B>text</B> \texttt{text} <TT>text</TT> \verb|text| <PRE>text</PRE> \label{text} <A NAME=”text”> \ref{text} <A HREF=”#text”> shell7 has been written for this package. I switched to MiKTeX from this package because MiKTeX appeared more capable and better supported. PCTeX8 is a commercial TEX package currently selling for $280 that also includes LATEX2e, most of the standard macro packages, and SliTeX fonts. It does not include PDF support. It has no obvious advantages over the free MiKTeX package for my purposes so I have never investigated it. 3 LaTeX to HTML conversion A basic TEX package such as MiKTeX supports publication of the document on paper, or on the Web as a passive Postscript or PDF file. It is also increasingly attractive to publish technical documents on the Web with active hyperlinks to other material. There is a role for any package that can convert a single .tex master into high-quality printouts, into single-file Postcript or PDF files, or into an easily-navigable HTML file cluster with active hyperlinks, as required. Documents prepared in LATEX are well suited for automatic conversion into HTML webs. Table 1 illustrates a mapping between document markup tools provided by LATEX and by HTML. Although LATEX offers precise layout control and mathematical markups that cannot yet be used by most web browsers, it is attractive to generate HTML webs automatically from LATEX source files because 1. any valid LATEX document is structurally robust, and 2. its basic structure (as opposed to detailed format) can be mapped uniquely into HTML. 3.1 LaTeX2HTML LATEX2HTML is a collection of perl scripts that maps LATEX document structures into a navigable HTML web and also converts content that cannot be represented as HTML into browser-readable 7http://www.wfu.edu/Academic-departments/Economics/ftp/emtexgi.html 8http://www.pctex.com/prodinfo.htm 4 images within that web. It was originated by Nikos Drakos9 at the University of Leeds, U.K. but has since been extended by an ad hoc consortium of technical documentation authors and perl wizards. It handles the document conversion as follows: • a separately-installed LATEX engine (such as that provided by MiKTeX) is used to break the document into components as specified by the user’s LATEX sectioning commands, including footnotes, tables of contents, indexing and bibliography; • the parts of the document that LATEX2HTML recognizes are converted to the corresponding HTML structures, and are written out, with appropriate hypertext navigation aids, as .html files.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Supported File Types
    MyFax Supported File Formats Document Type Versions Extensions Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) All Versions PDF Adobe Postscript All Versions PS Adobe Photoshop v. 3.0 and above PSD Amiga Interchange File Format (IFF) Raster Bitmap only IFF CAD Drawing Exchange Format (DXF) All AutoCad compatible versions DXF Comma Separated Values Format All Versions CSV Compuserve Graphics Interchange Format GIF87a, GIF89a GIF Corel Presentations Slide Show v. 96 and above SHW Corel Word Perfect v. 5.x. 6, 7, 8, 9 WPD, WP5, WP6 Encapsulated Postscript All Versions EPS Hypertext Markup Language HTML only with base href tag required HTML, HTM JPEG Joint Photography Experts Group All Versions JPG, JPEG Lotus 1-2-3 v. 2, 3, 4, 5, 96, 97, 9.x 123, WK1, WK3, WK4 Lotus Word Pro v. 96, 97, 9.x LWP Microsoft Excel v. 5, 95, 97, 2000, 2003, 2007 XLS, XLSX Microsoft PowerPoint v. 4 and above PPT, PPTX Microsoft Publisher v. 98, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2007 PUB Microsoft Windows Write All Versions WRI Microsoft Word Win: v. 97, 2000, 2003, 2007 Mac: v. 4, 5.x, 95, 98 DOC, DOCX Microsoft Word Template Win: v. 97, 2000, 2003, 2007 Mac: v. 4, 5.x, 95, 98 DOT, DOTX Microsoft Works Word Processor v. 4.x, 5, 6, 7, 8.x, 9 WPS OpenDocument Drawing All Versions ODG OpenDocument Presentation All Versions ODP OpenDocument Spreadsheet All Versions ODS OpenDocument Text All Versions ODT PC Paintbrush Graphics (PCX) All Versions PCX Plain Text All Versions TXT, DOC, LOG, ERR, C, CPP, H Portable Network Graphics (PNG) All Versions PNG Quattro Pro v.
    [Show full text]
  • XMP SPECIFICATION PART 3 STORAGE in FILES Copyright © 2016 Adobe Systems Incorporated
    XMP SPECIFICATION PART 3 STORAGE IN FILES Copyright © 2016 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All rights reserved. Adobe XMP Specification Part 3: Storage in Files NOTICE: All information contained herein is the property of Adobe Systems Incorporated. No part of this publication (whether in hardcopy or electronic form) may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Adobe, the Adobe logo, Acrobat, Acrobat Distiller, Flash, FrameMaker, InDesign, Illustrator, Photoshop, PostScript, and the XMP logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries. MS-DOS, Windows, and Windows NT are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Apple, Macintosh, Mac OS and QuickTime are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries. UNIX is a trademark in the United States and other countries, licensed exclusively through X/Open Company, Ltd. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. This publication and the information herein is furnished AS IS, is subject to change without notice, and should not be construed as a commitment by Adobe Systems Incorporated. Adobe Systems Incorporated assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies, makes no warranty of any kind (express, implied, or statutory) with respect to this publication, and expressly disclaims any and all warranties of merchantability, fitness for particular purposes, and noninfringement of third party rights. Contents 1 Embedding XMP metadata in application files .
    [Show full text]
  • Encapsulated Postscript File Format Specification
    ® Encapsulated PostScript File Format Specification ®® Adobe Developer Support Version 3.0 1 May 1992 Adobe Systems Incorporated Adobe Developer Technologies 345 Park Avenue San Jose, CA 95110 http://partners.adobe.com/ PN LPS5002 Copyright 1985–1988, 1990, 1992 by Adobe Systems Incorporated. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written consent of the publisher. Any software referred to herein is furnished under license and may only be used or copied in accordance with the terms of such license. PostScript is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. All instances of the name PostScript in the text are references to the PostScript language as defined by Adobe Systems Incorpo- rated unless otherwise stated. The name PostScript also is used as a product trademark for Adobe Sys- tems’ implementation of the PostScript language interpreter. Any references to a “PostScript printer,” a “PostScript file,” or a “PostScript driver” refer to printers, files, and driver programs (respectively) which are written in or support the PostScript language. The sentences in this book that use “PostScript language” as an adjective phrase are so constructed to rein- force that the name refers to the standard language definition as set forth by Adobe Systems Incorpo- rated. PostScript, the PostScript logo, Display PostScript, Adobe, the Adobe logo, Adobe Illustrator, Tran- Script, Carta, and Sonata are trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated registered in the U.S.A. and other countries. Adobe Garamond and Lithos are trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
    [Show full text]
  • Encapsulated Postscript Application Guide for Mac And
    Encapsulated PostScript Encapsulated PostScript Application Guide for the Macintosh and PCs Peter Vollenweider Manager User Services Universi1y of Zurich A ·Carl Hanser .Verlag :II Prentice Hall First published in German 1989 by Carl Hanser Verlag under the title EPS-Handbuch: Encapsulated PostScript First published in English 1990 by Prentice Hall International (UK) Ltd 66 Wood Lane End, Hemel Hempstead Hertfordshire HP2 4RG A division of Simon & Schuster International Group ©Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich and Vienna 1989 ©Carl Hanser Verlag and Prentice Hall 1990 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, witliout prior permission, in writing, from the publisher. For permission within the United States of America contact Prentice Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ 07632. The Sonata clef design on the cover shows the mixing of randomly placed Sonata font types, smoothed curves and patterns; courtesy of John F. Sherman, ND Design Program, University of Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA. Printed and bound in Great Britain by Dotesios Printers Ltd, Trowbridge, Wiltshire. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Vollenweider, Peter. (Encapsulated PostScript. English) Encapsulated PostScript : application guide for the Macintosh and PC's I Peter Vollenweider. p. em. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-13-275843-1 1. PostScript (Computer program language) I. Title. QA76.73.P67V65 1990 005 .265-dc20 90-35469 CIP British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Vollenweider, Peter Encapsulated PostScript : application guide for the Macintosh and PC's. 1. Microcomputer systems. Software packages I.
    [Show full text]
  • LATEX for Word Processor Users Version 1.0.10
    LATEX for Word Processor Users version 1.0.10 Guido Gonzato, Ph.D. [email protected] January 8, 2015 Abstract Text processing with LATEX offers several advantages over word processing. How- ever, beginners may find it hard to figure out how to perform common tasks and obtain certain features. This manual attempts to ease the transition by drawing com- parisons between word processing and LATEX typesetting. The main word processor capabilities are listed, along with their equivalent LATEX commands. Many examples are provided. Contents 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Preliminaries............................................2 1.1.1 Editor-Supported Features................................2 1.1.2 Adding Packages......................................2 1.1.3 Adding the Info Page...................................4 1.2 The Golden Rules.........................................5 2 The File Menu 5 2.1 File/New ...............................................5 2.2 File/Save As. ...........................................6 2.3 File/Save As Template .......................................6 2.4 File/Import .............................................6 2.5 File/Page Setup ...........................................7 2.5.1 Page Setup/Headers and Footers ..............................8 2.6 File/Printer Setup ..........................................8 2.7 File/Print Preview ..........................................8 2.8 File/Print ..............................................8 2.9 File/Versions .............................................9 3 The Edit Menu
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding Image Formats and When to Use Them
    Understanding Image Formats And When to Use Them Are you familiar with the extensions after your images? There are so many image formats that it’s so easy to get confused! File extensions like .jpeg, .bmp, .gif, and more can be seen after an image’s file name. Most of us disregard it, thinking there is no significance regarding these image formats. These are all different and not cross‐ compatible. These image formats have their own pros and cons. They were created for specific, yet different purposes. What’s the difference, and when is each format appropriate to use? Every graphic you see online is an image file. Most everything you see printed on paper, plastic or a t‐shirt came from an image file. These files come in a variety of formats, and each is optimized for a specific use. Using the right type for the right job means your design will come out picture perfect and just how you intended. The wrong format could mean a bad print or a poor web image, a giant download or a missing graphic in an email Most image files fit into one of two general categories—raster files and vector files—and each category has its own specific uses. This breakdown isn’t perfect. For example, certain formats can actually contain elements of both types. But this is a good place to start when thinking about which format to use for your projects. Raster Images Raster images are made up of a set grid of dots called pixels where each pixel is assigned a color.
    [Show full text]
  • Image & File Type Cheat Sheet
    Vecto� Raste� WEB USES SOURCE flies OUTPUT flies for logos, charts, icons, or for most web graphics IMAGE & any hard-edged graphics displayed on the screen FILE TYPE PRINT USES SOURCE files HI-RES flies CHEAT SHEET to be sent to the printer can be printed at 300dpi FILE TYPES .ai .eps .pdf .svg .jpg .gif .png .tif WEB PRINT MORE ABOUT FILE TYPES .ai Adobe Illustrator Default file typeof Illustrator, a popular vector-based program .eps Encapsulated Postscript Vector file which can be opened outside of Illustrator .pdf Portable Document Format Self-contained document which preservesvector images as 72dpl 300 dpl well as fonts or graphics needed to display correctly Images intended for the web Images intended for print only need to have a need to have a resolutlon of resolution of 72 dpi (dots per 300 dpi (dots per inch), as .svg Scaleable Vector Graphics inch), which is the maximum the printing process allows XML-based vector image format supportedby modern web resolution of monitors for much greater detail browsers .jpg Joint Photographic Experts Group WHEN SENDING IMAGES TO A DESIGNER••• Sometimes displayed as .jpeg-this raster image format is best fordisplaying photographic images on web browsers Don't put images in a Word doc It is difficult to extract them and results in lower quality. .gif Graphics Interchange Format Raster image format best forsimple images made up of solid Always send a larger image than needed colors with no gradients Raster images can be sized down without a loss in quality,but when an image is stretched to larger than its original size, a .png Portable Network Graphics significant loss in quality occurs.
    [Show full text]
  • Gaussplot 8.0.Pdf
    GAUSSplotTM Professional Graphics Aptech Systems, Inc. — Mathematical and Statistical System Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Aptech Systems, Inc. The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement or nondisclosure agreement. The software may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the agreement. The purchaser may make one copy of the software for backup purposes. No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, for any purpose other than the purchaser’s personal use without the written permission of Aptech Systems, Inc. c Copyright 2005-2006 by Aptech Systems, Inc., Maple Valley, WA. All Rights Reserved. ENCSA Hierarchical Data Format (HDF) Software Library and Utilities Copyright (C) 1988-1998 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois. All rights reserved. Contributors include National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) at the University of Illinois, Fortner Software (Windows and Mac), Unidata Program Center (netCDF), The Independent JPEG Group (JPEG), Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler (gzip). Bmptopnm, Netpbm Copyright (C) 1992 David W. Sanderson. Dlcompat Copyright (C) 2002 Jorge Acereda, additions and modifications by Peter O’Gorman. Ppmtopict Copyright (C) 1990 Ken Yap. GAUSSplot, GAUSS and GAUSS Engine are trademarks of Aptech Systems, Inc. Tecplot RS, Tecplot, Preplot, Framer and Amtec are registered trademarks or trade- marks of Amtec Engineering, Inc. Encapsulated PostScript, FrameMaker, PageMaker, PostScript, Premier–Adobe Sys- tems, Incorporated. Ghostscript–Aladdin Enterprises. Linotronic, Helvetica, Times– Allied Corporation.
    [Show full text]
  • Web Compatible SAS/GRAPH Output the Easy
    Web Compatible SAS/GRAPH® Output the Easy Way Ahsan Ullah, Pinkerton Computer Consultants, Inc., Alexandria, VA ABSTRACT • Proper use of colors is a must to make the image attractive. • (TM) This paper describes some concepts and analyses required If there is an option to print the image, a PostScript to create SAS/GRAPH images for use in WEB pages. It file needs to be tagged along with the image which will deals with an automated SAS/AF® Frame system designed to keep the usual form of the printed output create and print a number of graphs and produce suitable • In order to print a hard copy of the graph from the graph image files for inclusion on WEB pages. Topics internet, a PostScript color or black and white with discussed include drill-down design, programming minimum of 0.5 X 0.5 inch margin should be selected. (TM) techniques for creating GIF files, and the creation of custom Most Hewlett Packard printers satisfy the SAS Device Drivers. requirements. INTRODUCTION A user-friendly SAS/AF Frame system needs to be created to perform the following functions: • Interactive or batch process to create images. SAS software is a major leader in information and • Support the selection of device drivers to print or management systems. It has powerful features that support transport postscript or GIF file. the creation of customized hard copy output that includes • both data and graphic output. Until now, SAS custom graphs Automatically add HTML code to create Web-ready could not take their place in the Web world because of: graph images • Sophistication of SAS custom graphs • True portability across platforms Device Drivers • Interactive way to create and process graphs A GIF device driver is needed for SAS software to create a GIF Image file of the graph.
    [Show full text]
  • Openimageio 1.7 Programmer Documentation (In Progress)
    OpenImageIO 1.7 Programmer Documentation (in progress) Editor: Larry Gritz [email protected] Date: 31 Mar 2016 ii The OpenImageIO source code and documentation are: Copyright (c) 2008-2016 Larry Gritz, et al. All Rights Reserved. The code that implements OpenImageIO is licensed under the BSD 3-clause (also some- times known as “new BSD” or “modified BSD”) license: Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are per- mitted provided that the following conditions are met: • Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of condi- tions and the following disclaimer. • Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of con- ditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. • Neither the name of the software’s owners nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIB- UTORS ”AS IS” AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FIT- NESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUD- ING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABIL- ITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
    [Show full text]
  • Netpbm Format - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
    Netpbm format - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portable_anymap Netpbm format From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Portable anymap) The phrase Netpbm format commonly refers to any or all Portable pixmap of the members of a set of closely related graphics formats used and defined by the Netpbm project. The portable Filename .ppm, .pgm, .pbm, pixmap format (PPM), the portable graymap format extension .pnm (PGM) and the portable bitmap format (PBM) are image file formats designed to be easily exchanged between Internet image/x-portable- platforms. They are also sometimes referred to collectively media type pixmap, -graymap, [1] as the portable anymap format (PNM). -bitmap, -anymap all unofficial Developed Jef Poskanzer Contents by 1 History Type of Image file formats 2 File format description format 2.1 PBM example 2.2 PGM example 2.3 PPM example 3 16-bit extensions 4 See also 5 References 6 External links History The PBM format was invented by Jef Poskanzer in the 1980s as a format that allowed monochrome bitmaps to be transmitted within an email message as plain ASCII text, allowing it to survive any changes in text formatting. Poskanzer developed the first library of tools to handle the PBM format, Pbmplus, released in 1988. It mainly contained tools to convert between PBM and other graphics formats. By the end of 1988, Poskanzer had developed the PGM and PPM formats along with their associated tools and added them to Pbmplus. The final release of Pbmplus was December 10, 1991. In 1993, the Netpbm library was developed to replace the unmaintained Pbmplus.
    [Show full text]
  • TP1 Image File Manipulation
    M1Mosig Introduction to Visual Computing TP1 Image File Manipulation The objective of this practical work is to implement basic image manipu- lation tools, e.g. read, write and convert. To this aim, and without loss of generality, the simple image file formats PBM (Portable Map) will be consid- ered. 1 "Portable Map" image file formats The netpbm file formats PBM, PGM and PPM are respectively: portable bitmap, portable grayscalemap and portable pixmap (also called PNM for portable anymap). They were originally designed in the early 80’s to ease image exchange between platforms. They offer a simple and pedagogical solution to develop image manipulation tools. In these formats, an image is a matrix of pixels where values represent the illumination in each pixel: white and black (PBM), grayscale (PGM) or 3 values RGB (PPM). Definition The PNM file content is as follows: 1. A ’magic number’ that identifies the file type. A pbm image’s magic number is the two characters ’P1’ (ASCII) or ’P4’ (binary). 2. Whitespace (blanks, TABs, CRs, LFs). 3. The width and height (separated with a whitespace) in pixels of the image, formatted as ASCII characters in decimal. 4. Only for PGM and PPM: The maximum intensity value between 0 and 255, again in ASCII decimal, followed by a whitespace. 5. Width × Height numbers. Those numbers are either decimal values coded in ASCII et separated by a whitespace for the formats P1, P2, P3, or directly binary values (usually 1 byte) in the case of P4, P5, P6. In the latter case, there is no whitespace between values.
    [Show full text]