Assessment of the Status of the Sport Fishery for Walleye at Pinehurst Lake, 1997.
Conducted as part of the Walleye Monitoring Program (Project No. H96010)
Prepared by
Bill Patterson, Fisheries Section, Northeast Boreal Region, Alberta Conservation Association
and
M. G. Sullivan, Fisheries Section, Natural Resources Service, Alberta Environmental Protection
March, 1998. ABSTRACT
To recover or maintain Alberta's walleye fisheries, a new walleye management strategy was implemented in 1996. In 1996 the walleye fishery at Pinehurst Lake was classified as stable and a 43 cm (total length, TL) size limit in walleye was implemented in the sport fishery. In order to monitor the status of the walleye fishery at Pinehurst Lake, a creel survey was conducted during May to August 1997. Prior to this survey, the last creel survey at Pinehurst Lake was conducted during May to August 1994. The angling effort from 1994 to 1997 decreased 41% to 6.8 hours / ha. The estimated number of anglers declined 46% since 1994 to 7930 in 1997. The harvest of walleye from 1994 to 1997 decreased 51% to 2807 walleye. The catch rate on legal-sized walleye (>43 cm TL) had decreased from 0.127 walleye kept / hour in 1994 to 0.089 walleye kept / hour in 1997. The catch rate on sub-legal walleye (<43 cm TL) was estimated (utilizing a test fishery) to be moderate, at 0.44 walleye caught / hour. Evidence of recruitment is moderate. The strength of these young year-classes is likely a response due to the 43 cm TL minimum size limit. Based on the criteria used to classify walleye stocks in Alberta, the fishery at Pinehurst Lake should be reclassified from “stable” to “vulnerable”. The walleye population in Pinehurst Lake is responding to increased protection. There is a high potential for recovery of this fishery if the protected year-classes survive in strong numbers to spawning age and produce recruits. The regulation recommended in Alberta’s walleye management strategy for a walleye fishery with a “vulnerable” status is a 50 cm TL minimum size and a 3 fish daily bag limit. This regulation update would reduce harvest by 72% but only affect 16% of all anglers.
i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Roger Korth and Michael Blackburn distinguished themselves by successfully completing a creel survey at Pinehurst Lake. Without their devotion, abilities to handle the volume of anglers and data, and their lack of cynicism, the survey would have certainly suffered. The Walleye Monitoring Program would also like to recognise volunteer anglers Nicole Poirier, Al and Duncan Baldwin (from England), Dave Majeau, Craig Johnson, Darryl Kublik and multiple Northeast Boreal Region NRS and ACA Fisheries Staff who all contributed both time and expense toward the test fishery. The Alberta Conservation Association (ACA) would like to acknowledge the co-operation from Alberta Environmental Protection, Natural Resources Service (NRS), Northeast Boreal Region, Fisheries Management Section staff that was received throughout the course of the program. The assistance from NRS staff and the use of NRS equipment is greatly appreciated.
ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ii LIST OF TABLES iv LIST OF FIGURES iv LIST OF APPENDICES v INTRODUCTION 1 METHODS 1 1.1. Study Site Description 1 1.2. Methods of Study 2 RESULTS 5 Angler Survey 5 Compliance Parameters 5 Status of the Walleye Fishery 8 1. Age-class Distribution 8 2. Age-class Stability 8 3. Index of Growth 10 4. Catch Rate 10 5. Age-at-Maturity 10 DISCUSSION 13 LITERATURE CITED 14 APPENDICES 15
iii LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
1. Observed catch rates of anglers; Pinehurst Lake, 1985, 1989, 1992 - 1994 and 1997. 6 2. Angler survey summary; Pinehurst Lake, 1997. 6 3. Non-compliance with size limits; Pinehurst Lake, 1997. 7 4. Criteria for classifying status of walleye fisheries; Pinehurst Lake, 1997 9
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
1. Illegal harvest of walleye from Pinehurst Lake, 1997. 7 2. Encounter rate of anglers possessing a sub-legal walleye from Pinehurst Lake, 1997. 7 3. Exaggeration rate of anglers releasing sub-legal walleye from Pinehurst Lake, 1997. 8 4. Age-class histogram of walleye from Pinehurst Lake, 1997. 10 5. Fork length histogram of walleye from Pinehurst Lake, 1997. 11 6. Length-at-age of walleye from Pinehurst Lake, 1997. 11 7. Age-at-maturity of walleye from Pinehurst Lake, 1997. 12
iv APPENDICES
Appendix Page
1. Angler survey data; Pinehurst Lake, 1997. 1.1. Daily summary of angler survey data. 15 1.2. Catch frequency distribution of harvested walleye. 16 1.3. Catch frequency distribution of released walleye. 16 1.4. Methods of angling and catch statistics for walleye. 17 1.5. Skill levels of anglers and catch statistics for walleye. 17 1.6. Target species of anglers and catch statistics for walleye. 17 1.7. Anglers use of electronic gear and catch statistics for walleye. 17
2. Biological data from sport-caught walleye; Pinehurst Lake, 1997. 2.1. Weight histogram of walleye. 18 2.2. Length-at-maturity of walleye. 18 2.3. Summary of biological data from walleye. 19
3. Biological data from test-caught walleye; Pinehurst Lake, 1997. 28
4. Biological data from sport-caught pike; Pinehurst Lake, 1997. 44
5. Biological data from sport-caught perch; Pinehurst Lake, 1997. 47
6. Creel survey form; Pinehurst Lake, 1997. 48
v INTRODUCTION
Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum) populations in Alberta have been subjected to heavy fishing pressure for many years. Most populations show signs of over-harvest, with some experiencing significant declines. Previous management strategies have focused on province- wide regulations designed to manage the walleye harvest at an average fishery. Fisheries receiving heavier than average exploitation have not been adequately protected with these regulations and consequently many have declined or collapsed. To recover these fisheries and to maintain the stable fisheries, a new walleye management strategy was implemented in 1996 (Berry 1995). This strategy requires that each walleye population is evaluated as to its degree of exploitation and is then placed in one of these categories: collapsed, vulnerable, or stable. The fishery is assigned a standard sport fishing regulation based on this status (Sullivan 1994). In early 1996, the walleye fishery at Pinehurst Lake was assigned a stable status. A 43 cm total length (TL) minimum size and a 3 fish daily bag limit on walleye was therefore implemented at the fishery. This report describes the creel survey conducted at Pinehurst Lake during the summer of 1997. The purpose of the survey was to monitor the walleye sport fishery and verify the status of the population and fishery.
METHODS
Study Site Description Pinehurst Lake (TWP 65, RNG 10, W4M) is approximately 45 km southeast of the town of Lac La Biche. Pinehurst Lake Recreation Area includes a basic campground and day-use area. Alberta Provincial Park staff maintain the recreation area. Pinehurst Lake Wilderness Cabins are located on a section of privately owned beach along the east shore of the lake. The trophic status of Pinehurst Lake is eutrophic. Pinehurst Lake has a surface area of 4115 hectares and a maximum depth of approximately 24 metres. Pinehurst Lake is in the Beaver River Basin, and is feed by five intermittent inlet streams and drained by Punk Creek. A more complete description of the physical, chemical and biological characteristics may be found in Mitchell and Prepas (1990).
1 Methods of Study One creel survey crew (two technicians) collected information from both Pinehurst Lake and Touchwood Lake between 17 May - 17 August 1997. The crew was stationed at the Pinehurst Lake Recreation Area. A schedule of 5 survey days at Pinehurst Lake (Wednesdays through Sundays) was preceded by 5 survey days (Fridays through Mondays) at the alternate site (Touchwood Lake). This cycle was repeated 7 times during the study. The survey technicians interviewed each angler returning to the survey site during all survey days (24 h survey). Anglers were approached and asked a series of questions concerning their time spent angling, the numbers of each species caught or released, species sought, their gear types, and their use of electronic equipment. A subjective evaluation of their skill level was also made. Children and anglers with little equipment, knowledge or seriousness were considered to be novice anglers. Professional anglers demonstrated clear superiority in equipment and knowledge (and usually had their sponsors emblazoned on their hats, coats and boats). All other anglers were classified as having a moderate skill. As time permitted during the survey period, sport fish retained by anglers was sampled for biological information. The fork length of each fish was recorded to the nearest millimetre; the weight was recorded to the nearest ten grams; and one or more skeletal structures were removed to determine the age of the fish. For this purpose, the left pelvic fin and operculum of walleye, the left cleithrum of northern pike (Esox lucius), and the operculum and or anal fin of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) were collected. Ages were determined following Mackay et al. (1990). Sex and state of maturity of each fish was determined following Olynyk (1980). Stomach contents were removed and classified as to number and species of vertebrates, and approximate number and order of invertebrates. The complete biological data set for walleye is reported in this study. Biological data for other species are partially reported in the Appendices, with the full data set stored in the Alberta Conservation Association (ACA) Fisheries Section and the Alberta Natural Resources Service (NRS), Fisheries Management Branch files, Edmonton Metropolitan office. In the Alberta Guide to Sportfishing Regulations, the size limits for walleye are described in terms of natural total length. A fork length (FL) - natural total length (TL nat) conversion was necessary to determine the number of legal and sub-legal walleye in the creel and the test fisheries. This conversion was TL(nat) = 1.024FL + 6.04 (lengths in mm, r2 = 0.99, n = 768 walleye, Touchwood and Wolf lakes, 1989, M.G. Sullivan, unpublished data). A length measurement of 500 mm TL(nat) was equivalent to 482 mm FL. A measurement of 430 mm TL(nat) was equivalent to 414 mm FL.
2 An angling test-fishery was used to collect additional information regarding the size frequency distribution of walleye in the population. Data from sport-harvested walleye could not provide this information, due to the large minimum size limit for walleye at this lake. Creel survey technicians, volunteer anglers, and fisheries staff participated in the collection of these data. Test fisheries occurred during creel survey days from 17 May to 17 August 1997. The test fishery catch rate (CUE) was not used in the calculation of angler effort and the CUEs for both fisheries are in no way related. Several important parameters relating to compliance and reporting bias were calculated from the test fishery and sport fishery data using the following: 1) Illegal Harvest - defined as the proportion of walleye that should have been released because of the minimum size limit, but were illegally harvested. - calculated as the number of sub-legal walleye observed kept by anglers divided by the number of sub-legal walleye estimated caught by anglers. 2) Non-Compliance - defined as the proportion of anglers who reported illegally keeping sub-legal walleye, when presented with the opportunity to do so. - calculated as the number of anglers reported keeping sub-legal walleye divided by the number of anglers reported catching sub-legal walleye. 3) Encounter Rate - defined as the probability of encountering an angler, on the lake, who is in possession of an illegal walleye. - calculated as one-half the number of anglers observed keeping sub-legal walleye divided by the number of anglers observed at the lake (this value represents the encounter rate of illegal anglers when incomplete-trip interviews are conducted, as are commonly conducted by enforcement staff). 4) Exaggeration Rate - defined as the difference between the number of sub-legal walleye that the anglers report releasing and the estimated number they released. - calculated as the number of sub-legal walleye reported caught by anglers divided by the number of sub-legal walleye estimated caught by anglers.
The required parameters were estimated as follows:
1) # sub-legal walleye (estimated, creel) = #sub-legal(test) / #legal(test) * #legal(creel)
3 2) # anglers catching sub-legal walleye = #legal(creel) / # successful anglers * #sub-
legal(estimated, creel) Confidence limits for the estimate of the number of sub-legal walleye caught were calculated following Overton (1971). The procedure was similar to a Lincoln mark-recapture population estimate for sampling with replacement. The analogous parameters are: N (population estimate) - number of walleye caught (legal and sub-legal) in creel x (sub-sample of N) - number of walleye caught in the test fishery r (marked animals in sub-sample) - number of legal walleye caught in test fishery M (marked animals in population) – number of legal walleye in creel The binomial approximation of confidence limits was used, resulting in asymmetrical confidence limits. All field data were recorded in pencil on field data forms (Appendix 6). Data were transcribed into computer files (Lotus 1-2-3 format) by commercial keypunch services using double entry verification. Prior to analysis, all data were again subjected to verification procedures. These involved calculating frequency distributions of all creel survey parameters and using field diaries and notes to verify outlying values. Biological samples were verified by plotting weight measurements against the dependent variable of length, and length measurements against the dependent variable of age. Outlying values were investigated and eliminated if measurement error was suspected. To determine sport fishery parameters specific to the creel survey site, the following procedure was used: - creel data categories (i.e. # anglers, # hours fishing, # walleye harvested) were separated into daily weekday totals. Weekdays included Monday (day 1) through Thursday (day 4). Weekends included Friday (day 5) through Sunday (day 7) and long weekends (day 8) either on a Monday or a Friday. - totals, means and standard deviations of # anglers / weekdays, # hours / weekdays and # walleye harvested / weekdays were calculated using Lotus 123 @functions: total (@SUM), mean (@AVG), and standard deviation (@STD). Standard error (SE) for each category was calculated by (@STD of each category / (@SQRT (n days surveyed)). - to estimate parameters for days NOT surveyed, the above means and SE of those categories were multiplied by the # weekdays not surveyed and added to the observed parameters. - the same procedure was used for weekend days.
4 - estimated # anglers, # hours fishing and # walleye harvested for weekdays and weekend days were added for total estimates. - variances of these estimates were combined following Pollock et al. (1994) for stratified sampling, by adding the separate estimates of variances. - 95% confidence intervals for estimated # anglers, # angling hours and # walleye
harvested were calculated using t0.05(df) x SE. Total use estimators of the fishery were then calculated by simple extrapolation. Variances of these combined estimates were calculated following Pollock et al. (1994). All statistical analyses and graphics were done on an IBM - type personal computer (Intel Pentium, 133 MHz) using Lotus 1-2-3 Release 5 and Microsoft Office ‘97. All frequency analysis was conducted using Microsoft Office ’97 (Excel spreadsheet). All data and analyses are stored in spreadsheet format on the ACA / NRS Edmonton Metropolitan office Fisheries computers and on Iomega Zip 100 MB disk cartridges.
RESULTS Angler Survey During 17 May - 17 August 1997, 3414 anglers were interviewed (Table 1 and Appendix 1). The total number of anglers was estimated at 7930, with an estimated effort of 6.78 angler- hours / ha. The estimated harvest of walleye was 2807 fish (Table 2). The distributions of the harvests and catches are shown in Appendices 1.2 and 1.3. Biological samples were collected from 1005 walleye (390 angler harvest, 713 test fishery sample) (Appendix 2 and 3), 94 pike (Appendix 4), and 14 perch (Appendix 5).
Compliance Parameters Test fisheries were conducted on 14 days, from 17 May to 17 August. A total of 713 walleye were caught and measured. Of these, 595 were sub-legal (less than 43 cm TL) and 118 were legal (43 cm TL and larger). Anglers were observed to harvest 189 sub-legal walleye and 1039 legal walleye. Anglers reported releasing 7692 sub-legal walleye. Of the 3414 anglers interviewed, 766 were successful in harvesting one or more legal walleye, for a total observed harvest of 1228 legal walleye. Based on these observations, the number of sub-legal walleye released was estimated at 5239 (95% C.I. = 4185 - 6506). The number of anglers catching sub-legal walleye was estimated at 256. The resulting compliance parameters are shown in Table 3. Non-compliance was low at 2.7%. The illegal harvest of walleye at Pinehurst Lake was very low compared to
5 other walleye fisheries (Figure 1). The encounter rate was relatively moderate (Figure 2). The anglers at Pinehurst Lake exaggerated their catch of sub-legal walleye to a lesser degree than at other lakes (Figure 3).
Table 1. Observed catch rates of anglers; Pinehurst Lake, 1985, 1989, 1992 - 1994 and 1997.
CREEL DATA 1985 1989 1992 1993 1994 1997 # days surveyed 71 N/A 62 66 34 37 # anglers interviewed 10353 N/A 6398 8845 4852 3414 # angling hours reported 27415 N/A 20157 28540 15736 12217.5 # angling hours estimated 37040 N/A 26596 37357 46967 27918 WALLEYE DATA Walleye kept / angler-hour (HCUE) 0.166 0.141 0.151 0.122 0.129 0.101 Walleye rel. (<38 cm TL) / angler-hour N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.28 Walleye rel. (38 - 43 cm TL) / angler-hour N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.349 Walleye rel. (43 - 50 cm TL) / angler-hour N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.025 Walleye rel. ( >50 cm TL) / angler-hour N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.001 Total walleye rel. / angler-hour 0.083 N/A 0.833 0.631 0.518 0.656 NORTHERN PIKE DATA Pike kept / angler-hour 0.11 N/A 0.113 0.082 0.083 0.048 Pike rel. (<50 cm TL) / angler-hour N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.029 Pike rel. (>50 cm TL) / angler-hour N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.028 Total pike rel. / angler-hour 0.066 N/A 0.305 0.151 0.109 0.057 YELLOW PERCH DATA Perch kept / angler-hour 0.075 N/A 0.081 0.030 0.041 0.002 Perch rel. (<20 cm TL) / angler-hour N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.0003 Perch rel. (>20 cm TL) / angler-hour N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.001 Total perch rel. / angler-hour 0.082 N/A 0.076 0.009 0.018 0.0013
Table 2. Angler survey summary; Pinehurst Lake, 1997.
PARAMETER 1985 EST. 1992 EST. 1993 EST. 1994 EST. REPORTED (1997) ESTIMATED (1997) (95% CI) # Anglers 13988 8308 11670 14594 3414 7930 (+-14.0%) # Hours 37040 26596 37357 46967 12217.5 27918 (+-15.4%) Hours / hectare 9.1 6.5 9.2 11.5 2.97 6.78 (+-15.4%) # walleye 6250 3973 4509 5698 1228 2807 (+-18.3%)
6
Table 3. Non-compliance parameters with size limits; Pinehurst Lake, 1997.
PARAMETER PROPORTION CONFIDENCE INTERVALS Illegal harvest (%) 3.6 +2.9, -4.5 Non-compliance, reported (%) 2.7 N/A Encounter rate, incomplete trips (%) 2.8 N/A Exaggeration (times) 1.5 +1.2, -1.8
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 illegal harvest (%) 20 10 0 May'96 Hilda'97 Elinor'96 Calling'96 Seibert '92 Seibert '93 Seibert '94 Baptiste'97 Rock Is.'96 Pinehurst'93 Pinehurst'94 Pinehurst'97 Touchwood'91 Touchwood'92 Touchwood'94 Touchwood'97 Figure 1. Illegal harvest of walleye from Pinehurst Lake, 1997.
6
5
4
3
2
Encounter Rate (%) 1
0 May'96 Hilda'97 Elinor'96 Calling'96 Seibert '92 Seibert '93 Seibert '94 Baptiste'97 Rock Is.'96 Pinehurst'97 Pinehurst'93 Pinehurst'94 Touchwood'97 Touchwood'91 Touchwood'92 Touchwood'94 Figure 2. Encounter rate of anglers possessing illegal walleye from Pinehurst Lake, 1997.
7 10.0 9.0 8.0 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 Exaggeration (times) 1.0 0.0 May'96 Hilda'97 Elinor'96 Calling'96 Seibert '92 Seibert '93 Seibert '94 Baptiste'97 Rock Is.'96 Pinehurst'93 Pinehurst'94 Pinehurst'97 Touchwood'91 Touchwood'92 Touchwood'94 Touchwood'97 Figure 3. Exaggeration rate of anglers releasing sub-legal walleye from Pinehurst Lake, 1997.
Status of the Walleye Fishery In Table 4, characteristics of the walleye fishery at Pinehurst Lake are compared to the parameters listed for Alberta's walleye stock classification criteria.
1. Age-class Distribution The age-class distribution of walleye harvested by anglers is shown in Figure 4. This distribution is a relatively narrow distribution with extremely poor representation of age-classes older than age 10. The test fishery data showed very strong densities of age 5, 6 and 7 walleye, a very low density of age 3 walleye and a near absence of walleye older than age 10. The mean age of walleye in the angler harvest was 7.8 years (n = 390). The mean age of the walleye captured in the test fishery was 6.3 (n = 205). The mean age from the test fishery is more representative of the population, due to size limits imposed on sport-anglers. These age-class distributions are indicative of a walleye stock with a vulnerable status
2. Age-class Stability The age-class distributions of sport harvested walleye and walleye sampled during the test fisheries were both unstable (Figure 4). Large differences in year-class strengths were observed. The sport fishery was primarily supported by four relatively weak year-classes (1988, 1989, 1990 and 1991). The 1990, 1991 and 1992 year-classes (as sampled by the test fishery) appear to be of considerable strength. Future recruitment of walleye into the sport fishery is of
8 Table 4. Criteria for classifying status of walleye fisheries. (from Sullivan 1994)
TROPHY STABLE VULNERABLE COLLAPSED
Age-class Wide Wide Narrow Wide or narrow 8 or more age- 8 or more age- 1 - 3 age-classes mean age = 6 - 10 Distribution classes classes mean age = 4 - 6 mean age > 9 mean age = 6 - 9 few old (> 10 years) fish
Pinehurst Lake, Relatively narrow, 1997 Test-fishery mean age = 6.3
Age-class Very stable Relatively stable Unstable Stable or unstable 1 - 2 age-classes 2 -3 age-classes 1 -3 age-classes Recruitment Stability out of smooth out of smooth catch support fishery failures catch curve curve
Pinehurst Lake, Unstable. 1997 Sport-fishery weak age-classes support fishery. Strong densities of recruits
Length-at-age Very slow Slow Moderate Fast 50 cm (FL) in 50 cm (FL) in 50 cm (FL) in 50 cm (FL) in 12 - 15 years 9 - 12 years 7 - 9 years 4 - 7 years
Pinehurst Lake, 50 cm in 8 years 1997
Catch rate Kept > 1 -2 / h Kept 0.25 - 0.75 / h Kept 0.1 - 0.25 / h Kept < 0.05 / h Rel. < 0.5 / h Rel. > 0.5 / h Rel. < 0.5 / h Rel. < 0.05 / h
Pinehurst Lake, Reported sub-legal Observed kept 1997 released (legal-sized) = 0.63 / h = 0.097/ h Estimated sub-legal released = 0.44 / h
Age-at-maturity Females 10 - 20 Females 8 - 10 Females 7 - 8 Females 4 - 7 Males 10 - 16 Males 7 - 9 Males 5 - 7 Males 3 - 6 Ages will vary with Age-class distribution
Pinehurst Lake, Females at 6 1997 (n = 71) Males at 5 (n = 53)
9 0.30 0.28 0.26 0.24 Pinehurst Lk., 1997. 0.101 HCUE 0.22 Test fishery, 1997. 0.538 Est. TCUE 0.20 Sucker Lk.,1996. 0.31 HCUE 0.18 L. Slave Lk.,1994. 0.33 HCUE 0.16 Baptiste Lk. test fishery, 1997. 0.434 Est. TCUE
CUE 0.14 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Age (years) Figure 4. Age-class histogram of walleye from Pinehurst Lake, 1997.
considerable strength (Figure 5). This age-class is indicative of a walleye population with a vulnerable status.
3. Index of Growth The length-at-age of walleye from Pinehurst Lake (Figure 6) suggests a moderately fast growth rate. The approximate age of 50 cm fork length (FL) walleye from Pinehurst Lake was 8 years old. This high growth rate is indicative of a walleye stock with a vulnerable status.
4. Catch Rate The observed sport harvest rate on legal-sized walleye (>430 mm FL) was 0.089 walleye kept / h. The reported release rate on sub-legal walleye was 0.629 walleye released / h. Based on the test fishery, the estimated sub-legal release rate was 0.44 walleye released / h. The estimated total CUE on all sizes of walleye would therefore be 0.53 (0.089 + 0.44). The estimated total CUE is moderate, and is indicative of a walleye stock with a vulnerable status.
5. Age-at-Maturity The distribution of age-at-maturity (Figure 7) from angler-harvested walleye is biased because of the minimum size limit requiring anglers to release all small walleye. Those walleye that were sampled were mature and young. This suggests that the walleye in Pinehurst Lake
10 0.08
0.07 Pinehurst Lk., 1997. 0.101 HCUE Test fishery, 1997. 0.538 Est. TCUE 0.06 Sucker Lk.,1996. 0.311 HCUE 0.05 L. Slave Lk., 1994. 0.33 HCUE Baptiste Lk. test fishery, 1997. Est. TCUE = 0.434. 0.04 CUE 0.03
0.02
0.01
0.00 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 Fork length (mm) Figure 5. Fork length histogram of walleye. [Pinehurst Lk.,1997]
800 750 700 Pinehurst Lk., 1997. 650 Test fishery, 1997 600 L. Slave Lk.,1994. 550 Sucker Lk. 1996. Primrose Lk.,1989. 500 450 400 Fork Length (mm) 350 300 250 200 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Age (years) Figure 6. Length-at-age of walleye from Pinehurst Lake, 1997.
11 40
35
30 Mature females, mean age = 9.0 yrs, n = 71. Mature males, mean age = 8.5 yrs, n = 53. 25 Immature walleye.
20
15
Number of Walleye 10
5
0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Age (years) Figure 7. Age-at-maturity of walleye from Pinehurst Lake, 1997.
have an accelerated maturation schedule. Mature female walleye were first harvested at age 6 and all were mature by age 10. Mature male walleye were first harvested at age 5 and all were mature at age 10. These ages are indicative of a walleye stock with a vulnerable to collapsed status.
12 DISCUSSION
Based on the criteria used to classify walleye stocks in Alberta, the walleye population in Pinehurst Lake is most likely in a vulnerable state. The age-class distribution is relatively narrow and is represented by weak year-classes of fully mature walleye. The test fishery data shows very strong densities of 5, 6 and 7 year old walleye. The age-class distribution measured during the test fishery was more unstable than the sport harvest; being distinguished by large differences in year-class strengths. Walleye older than 10 years of age were nearly absent from both the sport-harvest and the test-fishery samples. The length-at-age of Pinehurst Lake walleye suggests a moderate growth rate. The observed legal-sized walleye CUE was low, although the total CUE was above moderate. Walleye were maturing at extremely young ages. These factors all suggest that the walleye fishery in Pinehurst Lake was in a vulnerable state. The regulation recommended in Alberta’s walleye management strategy (Berry 1995) for a walleye fishery with a vulnerable status is a 50 cm TL minimum size and a 3 fish daily bag limit for walleye. The walleye population in Pinehurst Lake has apparently responded to the 43 cm (TL) minimum size limit and is maintaining a relatively high density of sub-legal walleye. The fishery can not be considered as recovering, as these sub-legal walleye were produced prior to the size limit being implemented. The size limit has somewhat decreased the rate of mortality of small walleye but has not increased the number of walleye present in the lake. Increasing the minimum size limit to 50 cm (TL) would protect the 1990 through 1992 year-classes that were supporting the fishery, but were also vulnerable to the existing size limit. A 50 cm TL minimum size limit would protect these strong year-classes until they are able to produce offspring. Their offspring could potentially increase walleye densities in Pinehurst Lake. As the 1990 through 1992 year-classes recruit into the sport-fishery and exit the protection of a 50 cm TL minimum size limit, the higher catch rates they and their offspring produce may attract larger numbers of anglers. It is necessary to monitor this fishery with special attention given to changes in angler pressure and perception, and survival of vulnerable walleye.
13 LITERATURE CITED
Berry, D.K. 1995. Alberta’s walleye management and recovery plan. Alta. Environ. Prot., Nat. Res. Ser. No. T/310. 32 p. Johnson, C.F. and M.G. Sullivan. 1993. Assessment of a minimum size limit on walleye at Pinehurst Lake, 1992. Alta. Fish & Wildl. Div. unpubl. MS. 49 p. Mackay, W.C., G.R. Ash, and H.J. Norris (eds.).1990. Fish ageing methods for Alberta. R.L.&L. Environmental Services Ltd. in assoc. with Alberta Fish and Wildl. Div. and Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton. 113 p. Mitchell, P. and E. Prepas. 1990. Atlas of Alberta Lakes. University of Alberta Press, Edmonton. 675 p. Olynyk, J.P.R. 1980. An analysis of sauger maturity regimes in southern Lake Winnipeg. Manitoba D.N.R. Report No. 80-36. 52 p. Overton, W.S. 1971. Estimating the numbers of animals in wildlife populations. pp 403 - 55 In R.H. Giles (ed.) Wildlife Management Techniques, The Wildlife Society, Wash., D.C. Pollock, K.H.,C.M. Jones, and T.L. Brown. 1994. Angler survey methods and their applications in fisheries management. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Pub. 25. 371 p. Sullivan, M.G. 1985. Characteristics and impact of the sports fishery at Pinehurst Lake during May - August 1984. Alta. Fish & Wildl. Div. unpubl. MS. 29 p. Sullivan, M.G. 1994. A classification system for walleye fisheries based on a stock- recruitment curve. Alta. Fish & Wildl. Div. unpubl. MS. 11 p. Sullivan, M.G., C.F. Johnson. 1995. Northeast region walleye management studies, 1995 FMEP project submission summaries of FMEP projects to 1994. Alta. Fish & Wildl. Div. unpubl. MS, CFJ. 45 p. Sullivan, M.G. 1996. Test angling fisheries and reporting bias in creel surveys. Alberta Fisheries Workshop, 24 Oct. 1996. Edmonton, AB.
14 APPENDICES
Appendix 1.1. Daily summary of angler survey data. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Date # Anglers # Hours # WALL # Wall # Wall # Wall # Wall # NRPK # NRPK # NRPK # YLPR # YLPR # YLPR Kept Released Released Released Released Kept Released Released Kept Released Released < 38 cm 38 - 43 43 - 50 > 50 cm < 50 cm > 50 cm < 20 cm > 20 cm cm cm 36 Totals 3414 12217.5 1228 3423 4269 309 12 582 350 347 23 4 8 7-May-97 2 13 2 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 22-May-97 7 32.5 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 23-May-97 68 255 14 16 31 3 1 16 8 17 0 0 0 24-May-97 136 498 37 30 62 7 0 21 12 21 0 0 0 25-May-97 79 314 42 23 30 0 0 19 7 24 1 0 0 4-Jun-97 27 127 18 34 44 2 0 2 10 10 0 0 0 5-Jun-97 65 211.5 15 63 46 5 0 12 18 12 0 1 0 6-Jun-97 140 514 49 107 144 9 0 17 22 11 1 0 1 7-Jun-97 353 1622.5 161 501 607 80 0 51 42 35 1 0 5 8-Jun-97 109 364 31 101 121 7 1 12 17 7 3 1 1 18-Jun-97 34 45.5 5 24 3 0 0 3 0 1 0 0 0 19-Jun-97 8 24.5 13 20 13 5 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 20-Jun-97 32 109 4 20 31 1 0 12 4 2 0 0 0 21-Jun-97 118 459.5 67 282 460 36 3 18 23 16 2 0 0 22-Jun-97 20 59 1 6 16 2 0 0 4 2 0 0 0 2-Jul-97 79 274.5 28 71 108 9 1 34 12 5 1 0 0 3-Jul-97 92 279.5 13 49 63 4 0 37 7 6 0 0 0 4-Jul-97 72 235 12 54 68 1 0 16 6 4 1 0 0 5-Jul-97 178 684.5 63 318 344 17 0 35 15 18 1 0 0 6-Jul-97 36 132 3 49 49 2 0 4 0 20 0 0 0 16-Jul-97 80 284 46 116 105 4 0 7 10 1 1 0 0 17-Jul-97 130 472 61 151 163 12 1 24 9 24 1 0 0 18-Jul-97 89 271.5 24 96 63 3 0 10 8 1 0 0 0 19-Jul-97 200 777.5 125 307 363 14 1 33 15 10 1 0 0 20-Jul-97 69 249.5 69 132 187 5 1 11 10 15 0 0 0 30-Jul-97 95 262 20 33 38 4 0 19 4 10 1 0 0 31-Jul-97 81 246.5 19 52 82 6 2 13 3 16 1 0 0 1-Aug-97 137 439 68 126 216 17 1 18 18 11 1 2 0 2-Aug-97 258 895 97 271 357 29 0 53 7 14 0 0 0 3-Aug-97 223 783.5 59 180 248 10 0 32 9 8 1 0 1 4-Aug-97 108 384.5 15 82 53 2 0 12 6 3 2 0 0 13-Aug-97 87 276 12 26 40 3 0 9 6 4 0 0 0 14-Aug-97 25 65.5 12 12 14 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 15-Aug-97 16 57.5 5 17 25 0 0 3 8 3 0 0 0 16-Aug-97 106 358 15 27 53 7 0 10 18 13 2 0 0 17-Aug-97 55 141 3 23 19 2 0 18 6 2 0 0 0
15 Appendix 1.2. Catch frequency distribution of harvested walleye. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
# WALL kept # Anglers % Anglers Harvest % WALL Cumulative % Harvested WALL Harvested
0 2648 77.6 0 0.0 0.0 1 440 12.9 440 35.8 35.8 2 192 5.6 384 31.3 67.1 3 132 3.9 396 32.2 99.3 4 2 0.1 8 0.7 100.0 5 0 0.0 0 >5 0 0.0 0
Totals 3414 100 1228 100
Appendix 1.3. Catch frequency distribution of released walleye. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
# WALL # Anglers % Anglers # WALL % WALL Released Released Released
0 1685 49.4 0 0.0 1 457 13.4 457 5.7 2 337 9.9 674 8.4 3 206 6.0 618 7.7 4 161 4.7 644 8.0 5 147 4.3 735 9.2 6 84 2.5 504 6.3 7 52 1.5 364 4.5 8 36 1.1 288 3.6 9 20 0.6 180 2.2 10 79 2.3 790 9.9 >10 150 4.4 2759 34.4
Totals 3414 100 8013 100
16 Appendix 1.4. Methods of anglers and catch statistics for walleye. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997] METHOD # Anglers % Anglers # Hours WALL Kept WALL Released Harvest CUE Released CUE
Artificial 1048 30.7 3359 148 802 0.044 0.239 Commercial Baitfish 462 13.5 1696 191 1264 0.113 0.745 Seined Baitfish 0 Leeches 1530 44.8 5758 710 4552 0.123 0.791 Dewworms 279 8.2 1064.5 139 1162 0.131 1.092 Scent baits 10 0.3 32.5 2 9 0.062 0.277 Miscellaneous 83 2.4 294.5 36 217 0.122 0.737
TOTALS 3412 100.0 12204.5 1226 8006
Appendix 1.5. Skill levels of anglers and catch statistics for walleye. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997] SKILL # Anglers % Anglers # Hours WALL Kept WALL Released Harvest CUE Released CUE
Novice 611 17.9 2025 138 701 0.068 0.346 Average 2801 82.1 10179.5 1088 7305 0.107 0.718 Professional 0
TOTALS 3412 100 12204.5 1226 8006
Appendix 1.6. Target species of anglers and catch statistics for walleye. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997] TARGET # Anglers % Anglers # Hours WALL Kept WALL Released Harvest CUE Released CUE
Walleye 2491 73.0 9229.5 1140 7452 0.124 0.807 Northern Pike 323 9.5 997 19 134 0.019 0.134 Yellow Perch 16 0.5 52 0 36 0.692 Any species 582 17.1 1926 67 384 0.035 0.199
TOTALS 3412 100 12204.5 1226 8006
Appendix 1.7. Anglers use of electronic gear and catch statistics for walleye. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997] ELECTRONICS # Anglers % Anglers # Hours WALL Kept WALL Released Harvest CUE Released CUE
None 1254 36.7 4086 348 1985 0.085 0.486 Depth Sounder 2156 63.2 8109.5 876 5949 0.108 0.734 GPS 0 Depth Sounder + GPS 4 0.1 22 4 79 0.182 3.591 Other 0
TOTALS 3414 100 12217.5 1228 8013
17 Appendix 2.1. Weight histogram of walleye. [Pinehurst Lk.,1997] 20
18
16 Sport angler 14 harvest, mean WT 12 = 1111 g, n = 166.
10
8
Number of Walleye 6
4
2
0 0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500 2750 3000 3250 3500 3750 4000 Weight (g)
Appendix 2.2. Length-at-maturity of walleye. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997] 20 18
16
14 Mature females, mean FL = 504 mm, n = 71.
12 Mature males, mean FL = 464 mm, n = 53. Immature walleye 10
8
Number of Walleye 6 4
2
0 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 Age (years)
18 Appendix 2.3. Summary of biological data from walleye. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Sex Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 1 = immature 5 = mature female mean = 457.8 1111.1 7.8 9 = mature male
1 521 1750 10 9 5 23 2 586 2350 14 9 5 23 3 420 750 7 9 5 23 4 467 1050 7 5 5 23 5 419 850 8 1 5 23 6 445 1050 6 1 5 23 7 446 1000 7 9 5 23 8 435 900 8 9 5 23 9 455 1000 9 1 5 23 10 586 2100 11 5 5 23 11 395 650 7 9 5 23 12 490 1350 8 5 5 23 13 473 1250 9 9 5 23 14 507 1600 12 5 5 24 15 422 900 6 9 5 24 16 512 1400 9 9 5 24 17 403 600 7 1 5 24 18 431 850 7 5 5 24 19 431 6 5 24 20 456 6 5 24 21 436 7 5 24 22 429 950 8 1 5 24 23 457 1250 7 1 5 24 24 446 800 8 9 5 24 25 495 1500 8 5 5 24 26 584 2050 10 5 5 24 27 502 9 9 5 24 28 436 7 5 24 29 450 7 5 24 30 416 7 5 24 31 410 7 5 24 32 455 6 5 24 33 416 7 5 24 34 420 750 6 1 5 24 35 483 1250 7 5 5 24 36 504 1250 9 5 24 37 514 1350 9 5 5 24 38 430 900 7 1 5 24 39 475 1000 7 1 5 24 40 484 6 5 24 41 424 7 5 24 42 474 1100 7 1 5 24 43 447 900 6 1 5 24
19 Appendix 2.3. Summary of biological data from walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Sex Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 44 430 850 7 1 5 24 45 495 1400 7 5 5 24 46 403 8 5 24 47 507 8 9 5 24 48 437 6 5 25 49 407 7 5 25 50 476 7 5 25 51 416 6 5 25 52 455 7 5 25 53 426 7 5 25 54 499 7 5 25 55 516 10 5 25 56 457 7 5 25 57 470 7 5 25 58 434 7 5 25 59 417 7 5 25 60 475 9 5 25 61 410 8 5 25 62 544 9 5 25 63 504 7 5 25 64 492 1250 8 5 5 25 65 549 1800 8 5 5 25 66 438 7 5 5 25 67 560 2000 12 5 5 25 68 538 1700 9 5 5 25 69 544 10 5 5 25 70 575 1800 10 5 5 25 71 431 750 7 9 5 25 72 500 1300 9 5 5 25 73 470 1250 9 9 5 25 74 420 800 6 1 5 25 75 484 1150 9 9 5 25 76 461 1050 9 5 5 25 77 416 750 6 1 5 25 78 421 850 6 1 5 25 79 454 1050 10 5 5 25 80 425 800 8 9 5 25 81 524 1500 10 5 5 25 82 419 800 8 5 5 25 83 472 1100 7 5 5 25 84 430 750 7 9 5 25 85 513 1450 9 5 5 25 86 528 1450 9 5 5 25 87 501 10 5 5 25 88 456 1100 6 9 5 25 89 417 750 7 1 5 25
20 Appendix 2.3. Summary of biological data from walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Sex Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 90 416 700 6 9 5 25 91 405 650 6 9 5 27 92 423 700 6 9 5 27 93 457 800 7 5 5 27 94 458 1000 7 1 6 4 95 369 6 6 4 96 434 5 1 6 4 97 455 950 8 9 6 4 98 474 6 6 4 99 452 9 6 4 100 519 8 6 4 101 462 7 6 4 102 448 7 6 4 103 457 10 6 4 104 474 8 6 4 105 556 9 6 4 106 504 9 6 4 107 491 9 6 4 108 448 7 6 4 109 441 7 6 4 110 576 2000 14 9 6 4 111 556 10 6 4 112 513 9 6 4 113 531 9 6 4 114 373 5 6 4 115 443 7 6 4 116 413 800 7 6 5 117 540 8 6 5 118 494 1100 8 5 6 5 119 424 7 6 5 120 423 7 6 5 121 462 7 6 5 122 456 7 6 5 123 518 9 6 5 124 413 700 7 1 6 5 125 408 700 7 1 6 5 126 498 1200 9 9 6 5 127 425 7 6 5 128 404 7 6 5 129 414 6 6 5 130 410 6 6 5 131 418 850 7 1 6 6 132 431 950 7 1 6 6 133 414 700 7 1 6 6 134 489 9 5 6 6 135 515 1400 8 5 6 6
21 Appendix 2.3. Summary of biological data from walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Sex Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 136 530 1800 9 9 6 6 137 569 1900 15 9 6 6 138 416 7 6 6 139 467 1100 9 5 6 6 140 476 1200 10 6 6 141 450 1000 8 9 6 6 142 462 1000 9 9 6 6 143 411 7 6 6 144 409 750 7 9 6 6 145 530 1700 12 9 6 6 146 513 1400 11 5 6 6 147 523 1600 9 5 6 6 148 543 1600 10 5 6 6 149 436 7 6 6 150 410 6 6 6 151 460 7 6 6 152 500 9 6 6 153 426 900 7 1 6 6 154 645 2650 14 5 6 6 155 408 700 6 9 6 6 156 420 800 6 9 6 6 157 441 850 7 9 6 6 158 501 1100 9 5 6 6 159 427 900 7 1 6 6 160 421 800 7 9 6 6 161 408 800 7 1 6 6 162 619 2800 15 9 6 6 163 415 7 6 6 164 427 850 8 9 6 6 165 431 900 7 1 6 6 166 459 1000 9 9 6 6 167 412 800 5 9 6 6 168 427 900 6 1 6 6 169 455 900 7 1 6 6 170 415 7 6 6 171 449 9 6 6 172 446 7 6 6 173 423 7 6 6 174 447 6 6 6 175 505 1500 10 9 6 6 176 530 1600 11 9 6 6 177 507 9 6 7 178 434 7 6 7 179 401 7 6 7 180 413 9 6 7 181 415 7 6 7 182 448 7 6 7
22 Appendix 2.3. Summary of biological data from walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Sex Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 183 453 7 6 7 184 424 7 6 7 185 409 6 6 7 186 421 7 6 7 187 413 6 6 7 188 437 7 6 7 189 404 7 6 7 190 424 7 6 7 191 419 7 6 7 192 400 6 6 7 193 443 7 6 7 194 482 7 6 7 195 439 7 6 7 196 519 9 6 7 197 445 8 6 7 198 478 7 6 7 199 420 6 6 7 200 425 7 1 6 7 201 431 7 6 7 202 429 8 6 7 203 489 9 6 7 204 426 7 6 7 205 409 7 6 7 206 413 6 6 7 207 448 8 6 7 208 467 9 6 7 209 419 7 6 7 210 417 7 6 7 211 415 8 1 6 7 212 465 950 9 9 6 7 213 430 7 1 6 7 214 440 950 9 9 6 7 215 500 1350 9 5 6 7 216 464 7 6 7 217 537 8 6 7 218 408 6 6 7 219 439 7 6 7 220 463 7 6 7 221 433 8 6 7 222 449 6 6 7 223 464 7 6 7 224 559 11 6 7 225 427 7 6 7 226 442 6 6 7 227 404 6 6 7 228 478 8 6 7
23 Appendix 2.3. Summary of biological data from walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Sex Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 229 503 8 6 7 230 504 7 6 7 231 431 850 6 9 6 7 232 416 750 9 9 6 7 233 426 800 8 1 6 7 234 412 850 7 1 6 7 235 465 950 7 5 6 7 236 425 800 7 1 6 7 237 558 1850 10 9 6 7 238 442 1000 9 9 6 7 239 471 1150 8 1 6 7 240 481 1300 9 5 6 7 241 406 750 8 9 6 7 242 423 7 6 7 243 489 9 6 7 244 476 8 6 7 245 412 800 8 1 6 7 246 441 7 6 7 247 419 7 6 7 248 452 6 6 7 249 431 6 6 7 250 467 8 6 7 251 423 7 6 7 252 459 7 6 7 253 409 7 6 7 254 430 7 6 7 255 445 8 6 7 256 520 10 6 7 257 475 7 6 7 258 501 9 6 7 259 475 7 6 7 260 454 7 6 7 261 468 7 6 7 262 416 6 6 7 263 468 9 6 7 264 507 8 6 7 265 411 7 6 7 266 416 6 6 7 267 408 6 6 7 268 419 6 6 7 269 400 6 6 7 270 403 7 6 7 271 410 7 6 7 272 484 7 6 7 273 504 9 6 7 274 500 11 6 7
24 Appendix 2.3. Summary of biological data from walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Sex Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 275 435 8 6 7 276 460 6 6 7 277 478 7 6 7 278 401 6 6 7 279 535 9 6 7 280 489 10 6 7 281 406 7 6 7 282 406 6 6 7 283 431 7 6 7 284 504 8 6 7 285 410 7 6 7 286 438 7 6 7 287 442 7 6 7 288 414 6 6 7 289 436 6 6 7 290 435 6 6 7 291 446 8 6 7 292 473 10 6 7 293 399 6 6 7 294 404 8 6 7 295 355 6 6 7 296 399 6 6 7 297 412 7 6 7 298 445 9 6 7 299 417 7 6 7 300 450 9 6 7 301 420 6 6 7 302 410 7 6 7 303 447 7 6 7 304 426 7 6 7 305 429 7 6 7 306 444 9 6 7 307 494 10 6 7 308 458 6 6 7 309 427 6 6 8 310 472 8 6 8 311 429 6 6 8 312 407 7 1 6 8 313 523 8 6 8 314 416 7 6 8 315 481 9 6 8 316 406 8 6 8 317 521 9 6 8 318 433 9 6 8 319 497 9 6 8 320 424 7 6 8
25 Appendix 2.3. Summary of biological data from walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Sex Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 321 435 7 6 8 322 498 8 6 8 323 441 8 6 8 324 480 8 6 8 325 570 1800 9 5 6 8 326 411 750 8 1 6 8 327 460 1000 8 5 6 8 328 474 10 6 8 329 486 10 6 8 330 464 7 6 8 331 464 10 6 8 332 448 7 6 8 333 555 9 6 8 334 406 7 6 8 335 419 7 6 8 336 464 900 7 9 6 21 337 512 1250 8 5 6 21 338 534 1500 9 5 6 21 339 430 900 7 1 6 21 340 415 750 9 5 6 21 341 439 900 10 9 6 21 342 430 850 7 5 6 21 343 402 700 7 1 6 21 344 454 950 8 1 6 21 345 484 1200 8 5 6 21 346 450 900 8 5 6 21 347 425 750 8 1 6 21 348 403 650 8 1 7 3 349 506 9 5 7 3 350 432 800 8 5 7 3 351 410 700 7 1 7 3 352 445 800 7 9 7 4 353 613 12 5 7 5 354 423 750 9 1 7 5 355 457 9 1 7 5 356 616 14 5 7 5 357 507 1200 10 5 7 5 358 438 900 7 1 7 5 359 503 1300 9 5 7 5 360 421 750 6 1 7 5 361 582 2000 12 5 7 5 362 536 1500 11 5 7 16 363 403 8 1 7 16 364 499 1200 10 5 7 16 365 497 1300 9 5 7 16 366 427 7 1 7 16
26 Appendix 2.3. Summary of biological data from walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Sex Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 367 517 1500 9 5 7 16 368 414 700 7 1 7 16 369 534 1400 11 5 7 16 370 417 700 7 1 7 16 371 447 1000 8 5 7 18 372 455 1050 6 5 7 18 373 585 10 5 7 18 374 400 650 8 9 7 18 375 395 700 8 1 7 19 376 397 800 6 1 7 19 377 423 1000 7 5 7 20 378 420 900 8 1 7 20 379 483 1200 8 5 7 20 380 483 1250 9 9 7 20 381 502 1400 9 9 7 20 382 546 1850 10 5 7 20 383 426 700 8 5 8 1 384 447 800 8 5 8 1 385 514 1300 8 5 8 3 386 447 800 6 5 8 3 387 489 8 5 8 3 388 456 900 7 8 3 389 434 900 8 1 8 3 390 580 2000 10 5 8 3
27 Appendix 3. Biological data from test-caught walleye. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs)
mean = 369.5 599.5 6.3
1 466 7 5 24 2 384 550 7 6 7 3 389 480 7 6 7 4 354 380 7 6 7 5 331 340 7 6 7 6 379 510 7 6 7 7 419 700 7 6 7 8 353 380 7 6 7 9 356 400 7 6 7 10 327 300 7 6 7 11 351 460 7 6 7 12 349 380 7 6 7 13 323 260 7 6 7 14 462 950 7 6 7 15 444 850 6 6 7 16 402 520 7 6 7 17 378 550 6 6 7 18 375 460 5 6 7 19 369 410 6 6 7 20 420 6 6 19 21 423 7 6 19 22 428 6 6 19 23 456 7 6 19 24 474 9 6 19 25 508 9 6 19 26 473 7 6 19 27 425 6 6 19 28 490 8 6 19 29 409 7 6 19 30 456 9 6 19 31 370 6 6 19 32 357 6 6 19 33 380 6 6 19 34 376 6 6 19 35 388 7 6 19 36 379 6 6 19 37 385 6 6 19 38 383 6 6 19 39 326 6 6 19 40 344 6 6 19 41 369 6 6 19 42 361 6 6 19 43 369 6 6 19
28 Appendix 3. Biological data from test-caught walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 44 325 5 6 19 45 383 6 6 19 46 382 6 6 19 47 386 9 6 19 48 381 6 6 19 49 360 6 6 19 50 360 6 6 19 51 375 6 6 19 52 343 6 6 19 53 347 6 6 19 54 310 5 6 19 55 379 6 6 19 56 329 4 6 19 57 300 6 6 19 58 314 6 6 19 59 348 6 6 19 60 376 5 6 19 61 368 6 6 19 62 391 7 6 19 63 385 6 6 19 64 402 6 6 19 65 512 9 6 19 66 412 7 6 19 67 310 5 6 19 68 389 6 6 19 69 302 6 6 19 70 388 9 6 19 71 353 6 6 19 72 309 6 6 19 73 305 5 6 19 74 345 6 6 19 75 458 8 6 19 76 291 5 6 19 77 346 6 6 19 78 375 6 6 19 79 385 6 6 19 80 368 6 6 19 81 438 9 6 19 82 354 6 6 19 83 378 6 6 19 84 374 6 6 19 85 392 6 6 19 86 345 6 6 19 87 365 6 6 19 88 388 6 6 19
29 Appendix 3. Biological data from test-caught walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 89 387 6 19 90 316 6 19 91 318 6 19 92 274 6 19 93 422 6 19 94 392 6 19 95 444 6 19 96 292 6 19 97 354 6 19 98 398 6 19 99 337 6 19 100 345 6 19 101 413 6 19 102 312 6 19 103 346 6 19 104 210 6 19 105 364 6 19 106 353 6 19 107 308 6 19 108 391 6 19 109 362 500 6 6 19 110 341 6 6 19 111 295 5 6 19 112 449 1000 8 6 19 113 370 6 6 19 114 360 5 6 19 115 390 6 6 19 116 330 6 6 19 117 338 5 6 19 118 353 6 6 19 119 412 6 6 19 120 239 3 6 19 121 335 5 6 19 122 385 6 6 19 123 445 6 6 19 124 302 5 6 19 125 464 9 6 19 126 321 5 6 19 127 202 3 6 19 128 455 1000 8 6 19 129 403 6 6 19 130 362 6 6 19 131 362 6 6 19 132 355 6 6 19 133 341 500 6 6 19
30 Appendix 3. Biological data from test-caught walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 134 452 6 6 19 135 343 6 6 19 136 360 6 6 19 137 573 9 6 19 138 374 6 6 19 139 384 6 6 19 140 399 6 6 19 141 441 7 6 19 142 363 6 6 19 143 396 7 6 19 144 441 7 6 19 145 370 6 6 19 146 413 7 6 19 147 364 6 6 19 148 355 6 6 19 149 402 7 6 19 150 424 6 6 19 151 323 6 6 19 152 385 7 6 19 153 340 400 6 6 19 154 388 600 7 6 19 155 311 350 5 6 19 156 439 1000 7 6 19 157 390 700 6 6 19 158 468 7 6 19 159 418 7 6 19 160 396 7 6 19 161 365 6 6 19 162 395 7 6 19 163 400 7 6 19 164 392 7 6 19 165 361 7 6 19 166 362 7 6 19 167 432 800 7 6 19 168 353 550 6 6 19 169 402 650 7 6 19 170 470 1300 8 6 19 171 445 7 6 19 172 220 3 6 19 173 347 6 6 19 174 358 5 6 19 175 327 6 6 19 176 359 6 6 19 177 376 6 6 19 178 422 7 6 19
31 Appendix 3. Biological data from test-caught walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 179 320 5 6 19 180 302 5 6 19 181 411 7 6 19 182 352 6 6 19 183 373 6 6 19 184 389 6 6 19 185 457 6 6 19 186 368 7 6 19 187 395 6 6 19 188 469 7 6 19 189 386 6 6 19 190 414 6 6 19 191 329 350 6 6 19 192 355 6 6 19 193 357 6 6 19 194 351 6 6 19 195 355 6 6 19 196 342 6 6 19 197 258 5 6 19 198 359 6 6 19 199 395 7 6 19 200 352 5 6 19 201 358 5 6 19 202 341 6 6 19 203 413 7 6 19 204 385 7 6 19 205 400 7 6 19 206 386 7 6 19 207 300 5 6 19 208 401 6 6 19 209 347 6 6 19 210 372 6 6 19 211 430 7 6 19 212 353 6 6 19 213 405 700 6 6 19 214 383 550 6 6 19 215 396 600 6 6 19 216 338 400 6 6 19 217 334 450 5 6 19 218 518 1500 9 6 19 219 335 5 6 19 220 401 7 6 19 221 323 6 6 19 222 347 6 6 19 223 405 7 6 19
32 Appendix 3. Biological data from test-caught walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 224 412 7 6 19 225 403 6 19 226 350 6 19 227 329 6 19 228 297 6 19 229 475 6 19 230 302 6 19 231 335 6 19 232 382 6 19 233 332 6 19 234 295 6 19 235 322 6 19 236 465 6 19 237 459 6 19 238 411 6 19 239 382 6 19 240 363 6 19 241 641 6 19 242 335 6 19 243 419 6 19 244 375 6 19 245 332 6 19 246 343 6 19 247 482 6 19 248 373 6 19 249 349 6 19 250 294 6 19 251 321 6 19 252 327 6 19 253 311 6 19 254 348 6 19 255 377 6 19 256 298 6 19 257 420 6 19 258 331 6 19 259 351 6 19 260 332 6 19 261 343 6 19 262 368 6 19 263 508 6 19 264 462 6 19 265 415 6 19 266 318 6 19 267 362 6 19 268 292 6 19
33 Appendix 3. Biological data from test-caught walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 269 389 6 19 270 392 6 19 271 385 6 19 272 376 6 19 273 476 6 19 274 392 6 19 275 334 6 19 276 338 6 19 277 329 6 19 278 367 6 19 279 329 6 19 280 406 6 19 281 397 6 19 282 264 6 19 283 350 6 19 284 323 6 19 285 425 6 19 286 323 6 19 287 450 6 19 288 355 6 19 289 393 6 19 290 430 6 19 291 429 6 19 292 422 6 19 293 324 6 19 294 322 6 19 295 295 6 19 296 399 6 19 297 323 6 19 298 298 6 19 299 443 6 19 300 268 6 19 301 364 6 19 302 481 6 19 303 373 6 19 304 398 6 19 305 341 6 19 306 449 6 19 307 255 6 19 308 304 6 19 309 309 6 19 310 332 6 19 311 416 6 19 312 293 6 19 313 333 6 19
34 Appendix 3. Biological data from test-caught walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 314 335 6 19 315 316 6 19 316 293 6 19 317 411 6 19 318 401 6 19 319 394 6 19 320 397 6 19 321 348 6 19 322 351 6 19 323 354 6 19 324 353 6 19 325 433 6 19 326 331 6 19 327 403 6 19 328 371 6 19 329 360 6 19 330 351 6 19 331 345 6 19 332 320 6 19 333 352 6 19 334 344 6 19 335 353 6 19 336 305 6 19 337 436 6 19 338 316 6 19 339 324 6 19 340 325 6 19 341 387 6 19 342 348 6 19 343 318 6 19 344 359 6 19 345 478 6 19 346 293 6 19 347 428 6 19 348 311 6 19 349 395 6 19 350 360 6 19 351 316 6 19 352 303 6 19 353 388 6 19 354 333 6 19 355 304 6 19 356 315 6 19 357 385 6 19 358 375 6 19
35 Appendix 3. Biological data from test-caught walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 359 352 6 19 360 297 6 19 361 395 6 19 362 312 6 19 363 275 6 19 364 344 6 19 365 382 6 19 366 364 6 19 367 342 6 19 368 344 6 19 369 305 6 19 370 342 6 19 371 283 6 19 372 397 6 19 373 403 6 19 374 363 6 19 375 235 6 19 376 362 6 19 377 398 6 19 378 381 6 19 379 390 6 19 380 394 6 19 381 402 6 19 382 338 6 19 383 380 6 19 384 432 6 19 385 346 6 19 386 343 6 19 387 411 6 19 388 355 6 19 389 398 6 19 390 387 6 19 391 392 7 6 19 392 405 6 19 393 339 6 19 394 231 6 19 395 450 6 19 396 435 6 19 397 304 6 19 398 409 6 19 399 357 6 19 400 421 6 19 401 326 6 19 402 336 6 19 403 370 6 19
36
Appendix 3. Biological data from test-caught walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 404 396 6 19 405 395 6 19 406 229 6 19 407 331 6 19 408 407 6 19 409 352 6 19 410 385 6 19 411 322 6 19 412 309 6 19 413 509 6 19 414 370 6 19 415 347 6 19 416 374 6 19 417 421 6 19 418 551 6 19 419 339 6 19 420 349 6 19 421 486 6 19 422 455 6 19 423 327 6 19 424 361 6 19 425 328 6 19 426 309 6 19 427 314 6 19 428 384 6 19 429 437 6 19 430 346 6 19 431 304 6 19 432 353 6 19 433 306 6 19 434 364 6 19 435 327 6 19 436 398 6 19 437 340 6 19 438 296 6 19 439 390 6 19 440 430 6 19 441 421 6 19 442 352 6 19 443 335 6 19 444 307 6 19 445 320 6 19 446 386 6 19 447 468 6 19 448 308 6 19
37 Appendix 3. Biological data from test-caught walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 449 276 6 19 450 342 6 19 451 369 6 19 452 340 6 19 453 430 6 19 454 380 6 19 455 327 6 19 456 312 6 19 457 384 6 19 458 462 6 19 459 423 6 19 460 336 6 19 461 371 6 19 462 389 6 19 463 371 6 19 464 454 6 19 465 347 6 19 466 421 6 19 467 352 6 19 468 338 6 19 469 514 6 19 470 386 6 19 471 363 6 19 472 356 6 19 473 403 6 19 474 346 6 19 475 273 6 19 476 304 6 19 477 354 6 19 478 214 6 19 479 247 6 19 480 395 6 19 481 437 6 19 482 374 6 19 483 299 6 19 484 373 6 19 485 297 6 19 486 351 6 19 487 283 6 19 488 275 6 19 489 295 6 19 490 324 6 19 491 332 6 19 492 402 6 19 493 344 6 19
38 Appendix 3. Biological data from test-caught walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 494 294 6 19 495 387 6 19 496 323 6 19 497 339 6 19 498 370 6 19 499 399 6 19 500 403 6 19 501 352 6 19 502 347 6 19 503 394 6 19 504 250 6 19 505 211 6 19 506 407 6 19 507 395 6 19 508 394 6 19 509 389 6 19 510 359 6 19 511 293 6 19 512 374 6 19 513 412 6 19 514 348 6 19 515 431 6 19 516 312 6 19 517 435 6 19 518 339 6 19 519 342 6 19 520 485 6 19 521 288 6 19 522 373 6 19 523 346 6 19 524 283 6 19 525 432 6 19 526 317 6 19 527 304 6 19 528 382 6 19 529 341 6 19 530 445 6 19 531 253 6 19 532 425 6 19 533 443 6 19 534 319 6 19 535 390 6 19 536 289 6 19 537 372 6 19 538 286 6 19
39 Appendix 3. Biological data from test-caught walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 539 331 6 19 540 304 6 19 541 267 6 19 542 326 6 19 543 335 6 19 544 295 6 19 545 396 6 19 546 362 6 19 547 392 6 19 548 337 6 19 549 322 6 19 550 453 6 19 551 327 6 19 552 326 6 19 553 369 6 19 554 356 6 19 555 274 6 19 556 388 6 19 557 430 6 19 558 425 6 19 559 338 6 19 560 426 6 19 561 428 6 19 562 349 6 19 563 409 6 19 564 420 6 19 565 370 6 19 566 395 6 19 567 518 6 19 568 308 6 19 569 424 6 19 570 328 6 19 571 365 6 19 572 370 6 19 573 491 6 19 574 509 6 19 575 318 6 19 576 315 6 19 577 307 6 19 578 407 6 19 579 337 6 19 580 434 6 19 581 318 6 19 582 387 6 19 583 319 6 19
40 Appendix 3. Biological data from test-caught walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 584 328 6 19 585 389 6 19 586 406 6 19 587 325 6 19 588 405 6 19 589 356 6 19 590 470 6 19 591 356 6 19 592 363 6 19 593 488 6 19 594 333 6 19 595 344 6 19 596 403 6 19 597 364 6 19 598 387 6 19 599 312 6 19 600 395 6 19 601 336 6 19 602 331 6 19 603 402 6 19 604 385 6 19 605 415 6 19 606 317 6 19 607 375 6 19 608 317 6 19 609 367 6 19 610 405 6 19 611 465 6 19 612 534 6 19 613 350 6 19 614 392 6 19 615 334 6 19 616 324 6 19 617 340 6 19 618 393 6 19 619 365 6 19 620 398 6 19 621 337 6 19 622 340 6 19 623 409 6 19 624 370 6 19 625 367 6 19 626 376 6 19 627 342 6 19 628 340 6 19
41 Appendix 3. Biological data from test-caught walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 629 355 6 19 630 305 6 19 631 331 6 19 632 358 6 19 633 340 6 19 634 334 6 19 635 345 6 19 636 345 6 19 637 262 6 19 638 335 6 19 639 335 6 19 640 360 6 19 641 415 6 19 642 285 6 19 643 375 6 19 644 410 6 19 645 334 6 19 646 329 6 19 647 445 6 19 648 401 6 19 649 349 6 19 650 375 6 19 651 476 6 19 652 391 6 19 653 418 6 19 654 375 6 19 655 356 6 19 656 399 6 19 657 338 6 19 658 326 6 19 659 310 6 19 660 408 6 19 661 337 6 19 662 347 6 19 663 390 6 19 664 440 6 19 665 341 6 19 666 340 6 19 667 310 6 19 668 334 6 19 669 433 6 19 670 313 6 19 671 331 6 19 672 318 6 19 673 346 6 19 674 407 6 19 675 375 6 19
42 Appendix 3. Biological data from test-caught walleye, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 676 373 6 19 677 320 6 19 678 327 6 19 679 397 6 19 680 407 6 19 681 315 6 19 682 359 6 19 683 392 6 19 684 451 6 19 685 362 6 19 686 321 6 19 687 410 6 19 688 357 6 19 689 358 6 19 690 354 6 19 691 448 6 19 692 340 6 19 693 388 6 19 694 352 6 19 695 390 6 19 696 296 6 19 697 304 6 19 698 446 6 19 699 388 6 19 700 397 6 19 701 351 6 19 702 367 6 19 703 480 6 19 704 415 6 19 705 342 6 19 706 340 6 19 707 310 6 19 708 208 6 19 709 358 6 19 710 356 6 19 711 353 6 19 712 313 6 19 713 396 6 19
43 Appendix 4. Biological data from sport-caught pike. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Sex Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 1 = immature 3, 5 = mature female mean = 620.0 1911.3 6.5 9 = mature male
1 471 750 4 9 5 23 2 507 900 3 9 5 23 3 719 2350 8 9 5 23 4 488 800 3 5 5 23 5 448 600 3 5 5 23 6 740 2950 8 5 5 23 7 923 5750 10 5 5 23 8 701 2250 13 9 5 23 9 810 4300 7 5 5 23 10 470 750 4 9 5 24 11 964 6600 14 5 5 24 12 596 1300 6 9 5 24 13 929 5250 12 5 5 24 14 715 2400 7 5 5 24 15 522 950 4 9 5 24 16 484 750 3 9 5 24 17 685 2250 10 9 5 25 18 662 9 9 5 25 19 559 1200 4 5 5 25 20 510 3 5 5 25 21 475 700 3 1 6 4 22 598 1700 6 5 6 5 23 527 1000 4 1 6 5 24 481 800 3 5 6 5 25 527 1000 5 9 6 5 26 822 10 5 6 5 27 438 650 3 1 6 5 28 562 1000 6 9 6 5 29 523 950 5 5 6 5 30 484 850 4 5 6 5 31 584 1300 6 5 6 5 32 745 3100 9 5 6 6 33 563 1400 5 9 6 6 34 519 950 4 9 6 6 35 475 950 4 5 6 7 36 484 800 3 9 6 7 37 541 1100 5 5 6 7 38 514 900 5 5 6 7 39 500 900 4 5 6 7 40 575 1350 5 5 6 7 41 691 2300 5 5 6 7
44 Appendix 4. Biological data from sport-caught pike, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Sex Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 42 557 3 5 6 7 43 592 10 5 6 8 44 531 1050 3 9 6 8 45 705 2450 10 5 6 8 46 528 1100 5 5 6 20 47 803 3500 11 9 6 20 48 516 4 5 6 20 49 765 2700 7 5 6 20 50 530 1100 5 5 6 21 51 643 1600 7 9 6 21 52 582 1450 7 9 6 21 53 815 10 5 6 21 54 514 900 4 9 6 21 55 510 900 4 3 6 21 56 609 1750 7 5 6 21 57 817 4400 8 5 6 21 58 558 1100 5 5 6 21 59 490 850 3 9 6 21 60 555 1150 6 5 7 2 61 524 950 4 9 7 2 62 742 3000 10 5 7 2 63 545 1100 3 5 7 3 64 481 850 3 9 7 3 65 493 900 4 5 7 3 66 587 1300 4 5 7 4 67 723 2150 14 9 7 4 68 587 1300 6 9 7 4 69 510 900 4 5 7 4 70 835 3950 12 5 7 4 71 609 1800 8 9 7 4 72 724 2500 5 9 7 5 73 944 5800 12 5 7 5 74 517 1000 4 9 7 5 75 365 350 2 1 7 5 76 621 1700 8 5 7 17 77 671 2650 11 9 7 17 78 746 2700 7 5 7 17 79 636 1900 12 9 7 17
45 Appendix 4. Biological data from sport-caught pike, con’t. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Sex Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 80 795 8 5 7 17 81 746 3100 14 9 7 17 82 558 1350 7 9 7 17 83 865 4450 14 5 7 19 84 805 3500 9 5 7 19 85 905 5000 10 5 7 20 86 674 2600 9 9 7 20 87 599 1500 5 5 7 20 88 508 4 9 8 2 89 620 1800 7 9 8 3 90 637 2000 8 5 8 3 91 804 3150 14 9 8 4 92 533 4 9 8 13 93 446 500 3 1 8 16 94 774 3000 7 5 8 17
46 Appendix 5. Biological data from sport-caught perch. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
Sample # Fork Weight Age Sex Month Day Length (mm) (g) (yrs) 1 = immature 3, 5 = mature female mean = 269.1 304.5 6.5 9 = mature male
1 250 6 5 25 2 267 5 6 7 3 265 7 5 6 8 4 281 400 8 5 6 21 5 323 450 8 5 6 21 6 236 200 5 5 7 5 7 298 400 9 5 7 17 8 294 300 7 5 7 19 9 224 150 6 5 7 30 10 286 450 6 5 8 1 11 216 100 4 5 8 3 12 286 400 7 5 8 4 13 280 300 7 5 8 16 14 261 200 6 5 8 16
47 Appendix 6. Creel survey form. [Pinehurst Lake, 1997]
48