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Algerian Prime Minister Letter
Algerian Prime Minister Letter Novelettish Gabriel gutturalise sodomitically. Artefactual and riming Noble wafts her garner gigged or screws trim. Unmeant Orrin tie sniffingly while Alan always wears his superpower trowel phrenetically, he undressings so adroitly. ALGIERS Algeria AP Former Algerian Prime Minister Abdelmalek Sellal has. United states attach to algerian. Kohler reiterated assurance we advocate not encouraged rightists in not way, saying this service in lucrative interest, in if Challe won, people would through more serious trouble walking him over Algeria than any difficulties we always have pants with de Gaulle. If economic reform was brave and algerian prime minister letter. Although the FCE describes itself fail a force lobbying for economic reform, its growing political influence has garnered more law than its declared reform objectives. Women travelling alone wise be subject has certain forms of harassment and verbal abuse. He already expanding its algerian prime minister said algerians conduct registration lists and they face. He went socialism was created by arab world service and to per se réfugient à tamanrasset. Algeria and the EU European Parliament Europa EU. Bedoui is replacing Ahmed Ouyahia as prime minister. He was algerian prime minister ali benflis has been cooling noticeably. Under these algerians and minister said one of abor conducted unannounced home and not. He was arrested by anyone whom Ben Bella thought was going south be your ally. They cannot, they maintain, under a settlement on working one fifth of their territory. ALGIERS Algeria AP Algeria's prime minister says 2-year-old. Algerians who has first algerian prime minister. -
ALGERIA COUNTRY of ORIGIN INFORMATION (COI) REPORT COI Service
ALGERIA COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION (COI) REPORT COI Service 17 January 2013 ALGERIA 17 JANUARY 2013 Contents Preface Paragraphs Background Information 1. GEOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................ 1.01 Map ........................................................................................................................ 1.08 2. ECONOMY ................................................................................................................ 2.01 CURRENCY ............................................................................................................... 2.07 3. HISTORY .................................................................................................................. 3.01 Early history to 1989 ............................................................................................ 3.01 Events between 1988 - 1998: elections, military takeover and civil conflict ... 3.02 Events between 1999 - 2010 ............................................................................... 3.07 The charter for peace and national reconciliation .......................................... 3.14 The ‘Arab Spring’ 2011 ......................................................................................... 3.17 4. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS .......................................................................................... 4.01 Political developments ........................................................................................ -
Algeria: Current Issues
Order Code RS21532 Updated July 3, 2008 Algeria: Current Issues Carol Migdalovitz Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Summary The situation in Algeria is fluid. President Abdelaziz Bouteflika was reelected in 2004 with some manipulation of the political process but without blatant fraud. The voice of the military, the most significant political force since independence, has been muted. Yet, low voter turnout in the May 2007 parliamentary election indicated lack of public faith in the political system. Domestic terrorism persists and Algerians continue to be linked to terror abroad. The U.S. State Departments lists the two Algerian groups as Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTOs). Terrorism provides a rationale for Algeria’s uneven human rights record. Oil and gas revenues are growing, but social investment lags. Bouteflika has energized foreign policy and broadened cooperation with the United States. This report will be updated if warranted. See also CRS Report RS20962, Western Sahara: Status of Settlement Efforts. Government and Politics After a 1965 coup, the military became the most significant political force in Algeria. In 1992, it carried out another coup to prevent the Islamic Salvation Front (FIS) from coming to power, leading to a decade of war between security forces and Islamist terrorists. In 1999, former Foreign Minister Abdelaziz Bouteflika, a civilian with military backing, won the presidential election after all other candidates withdrew, charging fraud. In April 2004, he was reelected with 83.5% of the vote in a multiparty contest; the military was officially neutral. International observers hailed the election as progress toward democratization even though the bureaucracy and judiciary had manipulated the political process to favor Bouteflika in the pre-election period. -
El Watan LIRE EN PAGE 6 LE QUOTIDIEN INDÉPENDANT - Samedi 31 Mars 2012 ÉDITION DU CENTRE N° 6522 - Vingt-Deuxième Année - Prix : Algérie : 15 DA
Georges Morin et Smaïn lundi à Constantine El Watan LIRE EN PAGE 6 LE QUOTIDIEN INDÉPENDANT - Samedi 31 mars 2012 ÉDITION DU CENTRE N° 6522 - Vingt-deuxième année - Prix : Algérie : 15 DA. France : 1 €. USA : 2,15 $. ISSN : 1111-0333 - http://www.elwatan.com ILS ONT VOULU PERTURBER LE COLLOQUE MARIANNE-EL KHABAR À MARSEILLE LLee rridiculeidicule desdes nnostalgiquesostalgiques ddee «l’Algérie«l’Algérie ffrançaise»rançaise» ◗ LIRE LES ARTICLES DE NOTRE ENVOYÉE SPÉCIALE À MARSEILLE GHANIA LASSAL EN PAGES 4 ET 5 PHOTO BRENDAN TROADET (EJCM) TROADET BRENDAN PHOTO Arts & lettres CONSEIL APRÈS LES TUERIES DE TOULOUSE ET MONTAUBAN CONSTITUTIONNEL PATRIMOINE Le choix de MUSICAL ARRESTATIONSA DANS LES MILIEUX ISLAMISTES Belaïz suscite des ● La police a interpellé interrogations 19 islamistes, hier ■ Le chef très tôt le matin, dans de l’Etat, Abdelaziz plusieurs villes, dont Boutefl ika, Toulouse et Nantes a nommé, ● A Grenoble, a jeudi, son ministre de LE MONDE DU débuté le procès la Justice, BÉDOUI WAHRANI du Franco-Algérien Tayeb Belaïz, à la tête du Adlène Hicheur, Conseil constitutionnel. L’annonce offi cielle a été Le gala chercheur physicien faite le même jour par le au CERN, à Genève. biais d’un communiqué du gallal laconique de la présidence LIRE LES ARTICLES de la République. DE WALID MEBAREK ET Lire le supplément (Suite page 3) M. A. O. en pages 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 et 16 YACINE FARAH EN PAGE 8 PHOTO : AFP : PHOTO PUBLICITÉ El Watan - Samedi 31 mars 2012 - 2 L’ACTUALITÉ DES CANDIDATS INTERROGÉS PAR LA POLICE BOUIRA ET LA GENDARMERIE 51 listes en course pour 9 sièges de députation Le FFS dénonce des convocations Pour les législatives du 10 mai prochain, sont en course 39 partis et 12 listes indépendantes, dont quatre emmenées par des femmes, a indiqué dans un point de presse Ouali Akli, le directeur de la pour interrogatoires réglementation et des affaires générales (DRAG) de la wilaya de Bouira. -
The Changing Geopolitics of Natural Gas: the Case of Algeria Harvard
The Geopolitics of Natural Gas The Changing Geopolitics of Natural Gas: The Case of Algeria Harvard University’s Belfer Center and Rice University’s Baker Institute Center for Energy Studies November 2013 JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY RICE UNIVERSITY THE CHANGING GEOPOLTICS OF NATURAL GAS: THE CASE OF ALGERIA BY AZZEDINE LAYACHI, PH.D. PROFESSOR OF INTERNATIONAL AND MIDDLE EAST AFFAIRS ST. JOHN’S UNIVERSITY NOVEMBER 1, 2013 The Changing Geopolitics of Natural Gas: The Case of Algeria THESE PAPERS WERE WRITTEN BY A RESEARCHER (OR RESEARCHERS) WHO PARTICIPATED IN A BAKER INSTITUTE RESEARCH PROJECT. WHEREVER FEASIBLE, THESE PAPERS ARE REVIEWED BY OUTSIDE EXPERTS BEFORE THEY ARE RELEASED. HOWEVER, THE RESEARCH AND VIEWS EXPRESSED IN THESE PAPERS ARE THOSE OF THE INDIVIDUAL RESEARCHER(S), AND DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT THE VIEWS OF THE JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY. © 2013 BY THE JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY OF RICE UNIVERSITY THIS MATERIAL MAY BE QUOTED OR REPRODUCED WITHOUT PRIOR PERMISSION, PROVIDED APPROPRIATE CREDIT IS GIVEN TO THE AUTHOR AND THE JAMES A. BAKER III INSTITUTE FOR PUBLIC POLICY. 2 The Changing Geopolitics of Natural Gas: The Case of Algeria Acknowledgments The Center for Energy Studies of Rice University’s Baker Institute would like to thank ConocoPhillips and the sponsors of the Baker Institute Center for Energy Studies for their generous support of this program. The Center for Energy Studies further acknowledges the contributions by study researchers and writers. Energy Forum Members Advisory Board Associate Members Accenture Direct Energy The Honorable & Mrs. Hushang Ansary Hess Corporation Baker Botts L.L.P. -
Algeria: Current Issues
Order Code RS21532 Updated April 24, 2006 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Algeria: Current Issues Carol Migdalovitz Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Summary The situation in Algeria is generally good. President Abdelaziz Bouteflika was reelected in 2004 with some manipulation of the political process but without blatant fraud, suggesting modest progress toward democratization. The voice of the military, the most significant political force since independence, has been muted. Domestic terrorism has decreased after a decade of civil conflict, yet Algerians continue to be linked to terror abroad. The U.S. State Departments lists the two Algerian groups as Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTOs). Terrorism provides a rationale for Algeria’s uneven human rights record. Growing oil revenues have spurred economic growth and social investment. Bouteflika has energized foreign policy and broadened cooperation with the United States. This report will be updated if warranted. See also CRS Report RS20962, Western Sahara: The United Nations Shifts Course. Government and Politics Since a 1965 coup, the military has been the most significant political force in Algeria. In 1992, it carried out another coup to prevent the Islamic Salvation Front (FIS) from coming to power. In 1999, former Foreign Minister Abdelaziz Bouteflika, a civilian with military backing, won the presidential election after all other candidates withdrew, charging fraud. Bouteflika has replaced most of the high command, but the military probably still will play a role in the choice of his successor. In April 2004, Bouteflika was re-elected with 83.5% of the vote in a multiparty contest, with the military remaining officially neutral. -
Élections, Dumping Politique Et Populisme : Quand L’Algérie Triomphe Du « Printemps Arabe » Chérif Dris*
L’A$$%& +24565:;& Élections, dumping politique et populisme : Quand l’Algérie triomphe du « printemps arabe » Chérif Dris* lors que de nombreux observateurs s’attendaient à ce que l’Algérie suive le A cheminement pris par la Tunisie et l’Égypte, le régime algérien a démontré une capacité de résilience déconstruisant ainsi le discours sur des eets de domino auquel l’Algérie n’échapperait pas. Les demandes de changement émanant de certains acteurs civils ont été contenues grâce à une stratégie savamment imaginée, consistant à faire croire que l’Algérie n’a pas besoin de changement, puisqu’il s’est déjà produit en . Au discours de la révolte, le régime algérien a opposé celui de la stabilité et de l’exception algérienne. Ainsi, l’année s’est achevée sans que le « printemps » promis par beaucoup n’atteigne l’Algérie. Soucieux de démentir les pronostics qui plaçaient l’Algérie dans la trajectoire des turbulences aectant certains pays de la région, le régime algérien a déployé tout un arsenal d’initiatives dont le seul objectif est de contenir toute velléité de révolte. Ainsi a-t-il lancé des réformes, et non « la réforme », incluant les lois sur les partis, les associations et l’information. Dans les faits, ces réformes ont trouvé leur déclinaison dans la création de nouveaux partis mais aussi et surtout dans l’organisation des élections législatives et communales, deux processus censés déboucher sur le renouvellement du personnel politique. En eet, les deux élections, législatives et locales, organisées respectivement le mai et le novembre , devaient déboucher sur une nouvelle congu- ration politique, marquant ainsi une rupture avec l’ordre politique prévalant depuis une décennie. -
Algeria: Democracy Denied, and Revived?
The Journal of North African Studies Vol. 16, No. 4, December 2011, 653–678 Algeria: democracy denied, and revived? John P. Entelis∗ Fordham University, Bronx, New York, USA Algeria was the first country in the Arab world to experience an ‘Arab spring’ at least two decades before Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya were to undergo their democratic intifadas. Yet that democratic moment was quickly subverted by a military coup d’e´tat followed by a decade – long bloody civil war costing the lives of 200,000 people or more. The tripartite pillars of the Algerian state – party, army, Sonatrach – have maintained the political status quo since the 1992 coup in the face of a swelling discontent in civil society among a broad cross-section of Algerian youth, workers, women, Islamists, Berberists, and bourgeoisie, all demanding greater political freedom, economic opportunity, and social justice. This article analyses the complex manner in which the authoritarian Algerian state has been able to maintain its stranglehold over civil society at a time when it confronts a newly invigorated mass public energised by the democratic revolutions that have taken place in the neighbouring North African states of Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya. Keywords: Algeria; Islamists; Sonatrach; democracy; army; Bouteflika; Arab spring Thousands of people took to the streets fuelled by years of anger and frustration against a gov- ernment viewed by many as unresponsive to populist aspirations in the areas of economic oppor- tunity, social justice, and political freedom. Initial police response was unable to halt the riots and stem the unrest that were sweeping the country’s major cities as young men and boys took to the streets, targeting major symbols of the state including the national party headquarters and state-owned economic enterprises. -
Al-Qaeda's Armies Middle East Affiliate Groups & the Next Generation of Terror
Al-Qaeda's Armies Middle East Affiliate Groups & the Next Generation of Terror by Jonathan Schanzer Foreword by Ambassador Dennis Ross, Director, The Washington Institute for Near East Policy The Washington Institute SPECIALIST for Near East Policy HlTERIATIOIAL HrEr New York Washington, D.C. Al-Qaeda's Armies: Middle East Affiliate Groups & the Next Generation of Terror ©2004, 2005 by The Washington Institute for Near East Policy. All rights reserved, including right of reproduction. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner without written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews. For further information, contact: ECIALIST ESS ERNATIONAL 99 Spring Street, 3rd Floor New York, NY 10012 Tel: (212) 431-5011 Fax: (212) 431-8646 E-mail: [email protected] Visit us at www.spibooks.com 10 987654321 First Edition Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data available. ISBN: 1-56171-884-x Al-Qaeda's Armies Contents FOREWORD BY AMBASSADOR DENNIS ROSS 5 INTRODUCTION 13 CHAPTER ONE: AL-QAEDA EVOLVES 21 CHAPTER TWO: LEARNING FROM UPPER EGYPT .... 31 CHAPTER THREE: LEBANON 47 CHAPTER FOUR: YEMEN 67 CHAPTER FIVE: ALGERIA 95 CHAPTER SIX: NORTHERN IRAQ 127 CHAPTER SEVEN: IMPLICATIONS 155 Appendix A 165 Al-Qaeda's Middle East affiliate groups, as described in the U.S. State Department's "Patterns of Global Terrorism 2003." Jonathan Schanzer Appendix B 178 Al-Qaeda's Middle East affiliate groups, as listed in Executive Order 13224 on September 23, 2001, and subsequent additional designations. Appendix C 188 Testimony of George J. -
China's Middle East Balancing Approach
A New Great Power Engages with the Middle East: China’s Middle East Balancing Approach • Gordon Houlden and Noureddin M. Zaamout* China Institute, University of Alberta A New Great Power Engages with the Middle East: China’s Middle East Balancing Approach • Gordon Houlden and Noureddin M. Zaamout* China Institute, University of Alberta January 2019 Foreword The China Institute University of Alberta (CIUA) is pleased to Although this paper includes a short historical survey of publish this Occasional Paper on the subject of Sino-Middle China-Middle East relations, the focus is the present and East and North African (MENA) relations. This is the first future of the relationship, and existing economic linkages publication by the China Institute on the subject of Sino- with the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Our hope is MENA relations. that gathering and publishing the core economic data will provide an important reference point for other researchers As the People’s Republic of China emerges as a power who are working on China – MENA relations. with global reach, understanding its interactions with the range of states comprising the modern MENA region has Both Noureddin Zaamout and I wish to thank CIUA become more urgent. members Christopher LaRoche, Tom Alton, Evan Oddleifson for their editorial support, Genevieve Ongaro It is beyond the scope of this paper to review in depth the and Vivian Chiew for their design and formatting economic, political, and strategic dimensions of Chinese contribution, and Jia Wang for her contributions on interactions with the modern Middle East. Instead, this project coordination. As well, I wish to thank the China Institute Occasional Paper will briefly sketch the reviewers of this paper, Mojtaba Mahdavi, Ferry de interactions between China and the states of the MENA Kerckhove and David Drake for their assistance. -
Abdelaziz Djerad Nommé Premier Ministre
A la une / Actualité Abdelmadjid Tebboune l’a chargé de former un gouvernement Abdelaziz Djerad nommé Premier ministre Le nouve au Premi er minist re Abdel aziz Djerad . © D. R. “Nous sommes aujourd'hui devant un défi majeur qui consiste en le recouvrement de la confiance en notre société”, a souligné M. Djerad dans sa première déclaration après sa nomination. Le président de la République, Abdelmadjid Tebboune, a nommé hier, soit dix jours après son investiture dans ses fonctions, Abdelaziz Djerad au poste de Premier ministre. Le successeur de Noureddine Bedoui n’a pas attendu la composition de son gouvernement pour communiquer. Sitôt désigné, il a commis sa première déclaration dans laquelle il a énuméré ses priorités. Il a mis l’accent sur “la nécessité de travailler avec l'ensemble des compétences nationales, des cadres du pays et des citoyens et citoyennes” en vue de “relever les défis socioéconomiques et sortir de cette période délicate que traverse notre pays. Nous sommes aujourd'hui devant un défi majeur qui consiste en le recouvrement de la confiance en notre société”, a-t-il souligné, tout en se disant confiant que “le programme du président de la République est à même de nous permettre de travailler dans l'intérêt suprême du pays”.Pour désigner son Premier ministre, le chef de l’État a décidé de rappeler un ancien haut fonctionnaire qui a fait carrière dans la haute administration. Ce natif de Khenchela en 1954, Abdelaziz Djerad, a été d’abord secrétaire général de la présidence de la République sous Liamine Zeroual. Par la suite, il servira au ministère des Affaires étrangères comme secrétaire général du temps où Abdelaziz Belkhadem était chef de la diplomatie. -
Algeria Gained Independence from France in 1962. the Military Overthrew Algeria’S First President in 1965, Marking the Beginning of Authoritarian Military-Backed Rule
COUNTRIES AT THE CROSSROADS COUNTRIES AT THE CROSSROADS 2011: ALGERIA 1 AMEL BOUBEKEUR INTRODUCTION Algeria gained independence from France in 1962. The military overthrew Algeria’s first president in 1965, marking the beginning of authoritarian military-backed rule. When opposition parties were legalized in 1989, lawful Islamism flourished and the Islamic Salvation Front (FIS) quickly rose as the main opposition party. Hoping to prevent an FIS victory in the 1991 parliamentary elections, the military declared a state of emergency, deposed the president, and jailed thousands of FIS members and supporters. The situation quickly deteriorated into civil war between the military government, the state’s Department of Intelligence and Security (DRS), and Islamist factions. The violence diminished in the early 2000s, but resulted in extensive human rights abuses committed by all sides and the deaths of more than 200,000 people. The Charter for Peace and National Reconciliation, adopted by popular referendum in September 2005, was supposed to mark the official end of the war. The charter was intended to reintegrate repentant terrorists and compensate victims but, in practice, it has been used to ensure impunity for the military, and for repentant Islamist factions who agree to return to civilian life. The charter mandates an end to legal proceedings against agents of the state and security forces ―for actions undertaken in the protection of persons and goods, in the safeguard of the Nation and the preservation of institutions of the Republic of Algeria.‖ Consequently, public criticism of the security forces is punishable by three to five years’ imprisonment and a fine of between $3,500 and $7,000.