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Just As the Priests Have Their Wives”: Priests and Concubines in England, 1375-1549
“JUST AS THE PRIESTS HAVE THEIR WIVES”: PRIESTS AND CONCUBINES IN ENGLAND, 1375-1549 Janelle Werner A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2009 Approved by: Advisor: Professor Judith M. Bennett Reader: Professor Stanley Chojnacki Reader: Professor Barbara J. Harris Reader: Cynthia B. Herrup Reader: Brett Whalen © 2009 Janelle Werner ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT JANELLE WERNER: “Just As the Priests Have Their Wives”: Priests and Concubines in England, 1375-1549 (Under the direction of Judith M. Bennett) This project – the first in-depth analysis of clerical concubinage in medieval England – examines cultural perceptions of clerical sexual misbehavior as well as the lived experiences of priests, concubines, and their children. Although much has been written on the imposition of priestly celibacy during the Gregorian Reform and on its rejection during the Reformation, the history of clerical concubinage between these two watersheds has remained largely unstudied. My analysis is based primarily on archival records from Hereford, a diocese in the West Midlands that incorporated both English- and Welsh-speaking parishes and combines the quantitative analysis of documentary evidence with a close reading of pastoral and popular literature. Drawing on an episcopal visitation from 1397, the act books of the consistory court, and bishops’ registers, I argue that clerical concubinage occurred as frequently in England as elsewhere in late medieval Europe and that priests and their concubines were, to some extent, socially and culturally accepted in late medieval England. -
Human Status Criteria: Sex Differences and Similarities Across 14 Nations
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology: Attitudes and Social Cognition © 2020 American Psychological Association 2020, Vol. 2, No. 999, 000 ISSN: 0022-3514 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pspa0000206 Human Status Criteria: Sex Differences and Similarities Across 14 Nations David M. Buss and Patrick K. Durkee Todd K. Shackelford The University of Texas at Austin Oakland University Brian F. Bowdle David P. Schmitt Grand Valley State University Brunel University London Gary L. Brase Jae C. Choe Kansas State University Ewha Womans University Irina Trofimova McMaster University Social status is a central and universal feature of our highly social species. Reproductively relevant resources, including food, territory, mating opportunities, powerful coalitional alliances, and group- provided health care, flow to those high in status and trickle only slowly to those low in status. Despite its importance and centrality to human social group living, the scientific understanding of status contains a large gap in knowledge—the precise criteria by which individuals are accorded high or low status in the eyes of their group members. It is not known whether there exist universal status criteria, nor the degree to which status criteria vary across cultures. Also unknown is whether status criteria are sex differentiated, and the degree of cross-cultural variability and consistency of sex-differentiated status criteria. The current article investigates status criteria across 14 countries (N ϭ 2,751). Results provide the first systematic documentation of potentially universal and sex-differentiated status criteria. Discus- sion outlines important next steps in understanding the psychology of status. Keywords: evolution, cross cultural, hierarchy, sex differences, status “We come into this world with a nervous system that worries about coalitions and collectives within populations (e.g., different gangs rank” (Frank, 1985, p. -
"If You're Ugly, the Blackpill Is Born with You": Sexual Hierarchies, Identity Construction, and Masculinity on an Incel Forum Board
University of Dayton eCommons Joyce Durham Essay Contest in Women's and Gender Studies Women's and Gender Studies Program 2020 "If You're Ugly, the Blackpill is Born with You": Sexual Hierarchies, Identity Construction, and Masculinity on an Incel Forum Board Josh Segalewicz University of Dayton Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.udayton.edu/wgs_essay Part of the Other Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Commons, and the Women's Studies Commons eCommons Citation Segalewicz, Josh, ""If You're Ugly, the Blackpill is Born with You": Sexual Hierarchies, Identity Construction, and Masculinity on an Incel Forum Board" (2020). Joyce Durham Essay Contest in Women's and Gender Studies. 20. https://ecommons.udayton.edu/wgs_essay/20 This Essay is brought to you for free and open access by the Women's and Gender Studies Program at eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Joyce Durham Essay Contest in Women's and Gender Studies by an authorized administrator of eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. "If You're Ugly, the Blackpill is Born with You": Sexual Hierarchies, Identity Construction, and Masculinity on an Incel Forum Board by Josh Segalewicz Honorable Mention 2020 Joyce Durham Essay Contest in Women's and Gender Studies "If You're Ugly, The Blackpill is Born With You": Sexual Hierarchies, Identity Construction, and Masculinity on an Incel Forum Board Abstract: The manosphere is one new digital space where antifeminists and men's rights activists interact outside of their traditional social networks. Incels, short for involuntary celibates, exist in this space and have been labeled as extreme misogynists, white supremacists, and domestic terrorists. -
Antifeminism Online. MGTOW (Men Going Their Own Way)
Antifeminism Online MGTOW (Men Going Their Own Way) Jie Liang Lin INTRODUCTION Reactionary politics encompass various ideological strands within the online antifeminist community. In the mass media, events such as the 2014 Isla Vista killings1 or #gamergate,2 have brought more visibility to the phenomenon. Although antifeminism online is most commonly associated with middle- class white males, the community extends as far as female students and professionals. It is associated with terms such as: “Men’s Rights Movement” (MRM),3 “Meninism,”4 the “Red Pill,”5 the “Pick-Up Artist” (PUA),6 #gamergate, and “Men Going Their Own Way” (MGTOW)—the group on which I focused my study. I was interested in how MGTOW, an exclusively male, antifeminist group related to past feminist movements in theory, activism and community structure. I sought to understand how the internet affects “antifeminist” identity formation and articulation of views. Like many other antifeminist 1 | On May 23, 2014 Elliot Rodger, a 22-year old, killed six and injured 14 people in Isla Vista—near the University of California, Santa Barbara campus—as an act of retribution toward women who didn’t give him attention, and men who took those women away from him. Rodger kept a diary for three years in anticipation of his “endgame,” and subscribed to antifeminist “Pick-Up Artist” videos. http://edition.cnn.com/2014/05/26/justice/ california-elliot-rodger-timeline/ Accessed: March 28, 2016. 2 | #gamergate refers to a campaign of intimidation of female game programmers: Zoë Quinn, Brianna Wu and feminist critic Anita Sarkeesian, from 2014 to 2015. -
Scaled Readings of the Red Pill
in ilburg apers ulture tudies 241 T P C S Digital Hermeneutics and Media Literacy: Scaled Readings of The Red Pill by Inge van de Ven & Tom van Nuenen Tilburg University / Kings College London [email protected] April 2020 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/ Digital Hermeneutics and Media Literacy: Scaled Readings of The Red Pill Inge van de Ven & Tom van Nuenen Online Challenges for Media Literacy In Europe and the United States, trust in the media has been steadily eroding since the 1960s (Bialik and Matsa, 2017). Americans increasingly suspect mainstream media of bias and are driven to find more objective news sources (Gallup and Knight, 2018). Academics, traditional news outlets, and bureaucratic news sources alike are faced with an erosion of trust from the public. Doubts about the accuracy of information are rendered yet more pressing due to the increasing worry that internet platforms act as radicalization pathways (Munn, 2019). Recommendation algorithms on platforms such as YouTube steer users toward ‘edgier’ content (Danks and London, 2019), and ‘clickbait’ articles on online news media – aimed at generating online advertising revenue at the expense of quality or accuracy – remain widely popular (Chen et al., 2014). Fringe online extremism has become mainstream (Nagle, 2017), with discussion forums such as the infamous politically incorrect (‘/pol/’) board on 4CHAN or The Red Pill on Reddit causing headlines due to the behavior of their members. These communities are born, in part, out of a struggle to find one’s identity and make sense of the world around oneself in a culture marked by distrust in authoritative sources of information. -
Cassie Jaye's Red Pill Too Truthful for Feminists to Tolerate
Cassie Jaye’s Red Pill too truthful for feminists to tolerate Cassie Jaye at the world premiere of The Red Pill earlier this month. Picture: Ian Stroud Bettina Arndt, The Australian, 12:00AM October 29, 2016 “The Red Pill: The movie about men that feminists didn’t want you to see.” This was the provocative headline that ran in Britain’s The Telegraph last November, a teaser for a documentary made by a feminist filmmaker who planned to take on men’s rights activists but was won over and crossed to the dark side to take up their cause. Despite a ferocious campaign to stop the movie being made, it’s finally been released and the Australian screening was due next week in Melbourne. However the gender warriors have struck again, using a change.com petition to persuade Palace Cinemas to cancel the booking. Palace took the decision after being told the movie would offend many in its core audience but by yesterday 8000 had signed petitions protesting the ban. Organisers are now scrambling to find another venue. Clearly this documentary has the feminists very worried — with good reason. Cassie Jaye is an articulate, 29-year-old blonde whose previous movies on gay marriage and abstinence education won multiple awards. But then she decided to interview leaders of the Men’s Rights Movement for a documentary she was planning about rape culture on American campuses. As a committed feminist, Jaye expected to be unimpressed by these renowned hate-filled misogynists, but to her surprise she was exposed to a whole range of issues she came to see as unfairly stacked against men and boys. -
Development Team
Paper No. : 02 Social-Cultural Anthropology Module : 13 Marriage Rules, Marriage Payment Development Team Prof. Anup Kumar Kapoor Principal Investigator Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi, Delhi Prof. Sabita Acharya Paper Coordinator Department of Anthropology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar Content Writer Dr. Sonali Pattnaik Department of Anthropology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar Prof. A.K.Sinha Content Reviewer Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 1 Social-Cultural Anthropology Anthropology Marriage Rules, Marriage Payment Description of Module Subject Name Anthropology Paper Name 02 Social-Cultural Anthropology Module Name/Title Marriage Rules, Marriage Payment Module Id 13 2 Social-Cultural Anthropology Anthropology Marriage Rules, Marriage Payment Content of this Unit Learning Outcomes Objectives 1. Introduction 2. Prevalence of Marriage Rules 3. Rules of Marriage 4. Payments mode during Marriage 5. Prevalence of bride price 6. Prevalence of Dowry Learning Outcomes: After studying this module: • You shall have a clear understanding on the various rules governing the institution of marriage with examples from tribal communities. • You shall have a definitive understanding on the prevalence of the payments in marriage with reference to various tribal communities. • You will also have an anthropological outlook on social characteristics and the occurrence of Marriage Payments. • You will also get detailed knowledge on the prevalence of bride price and dowry. Objectives: The primary objectives of this module are: • To give a basic understanding to the students about rules governing the marriage as a social institution. • It also attempts to provide an informative background about the prevalence of the payments in marriage. 3 Social-Cultural Anthropology Anthropology Marriage Rules, Marriage Payment 1. -
The Divergent Archive and Androcentric Counterpublics: Public Rhetorics, Memory, and Archives
THE DIVERGENT ARCHIVE AND ANDROCENTRIC COUNTERPUBLICS: PUBLIC RHETORICS, MEMORY, AND ARCHIVES BY EVIN SCOTT GROUNDWATER DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2020 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral Committee: Professor Kelly Ritter, Chair Associate Professor Peter Mortensen Assistant Professor John Gallagher Associate Professor Jessica Enoch, University of Maryland ii ABSTRACT As a field, Writing Studies has long been concerned with the rhetorical representation of both dominant and marginalized groups. However, rhetorical theory on publics and counterpublics tends not to articulate how groups persuade others of their status as mainstream or marginal. Scholars of public/counterpublic theory have not yet adequately examined the mechanisms through which rhetorical resources play a role in reinforcing and/or dispelling public perceptions of dominance or marginalization. My dissertation argues many counterpublics locate and convince others of their subject status through the development of rhetorical resources. I contend counterpublics create and curate a diffuse system of archives, which I refer to as “divergent archives.” These divergent archives often lack institutional backing, rigor, and may be primarily composed of ephemera. Drawing from a variety of archival materials both within and outside institutionally maintained archives, I explore how counterpublics perceiving themselves as marginalized construct archives of their own as a way to transmit collective memories reifying their nondominant status. I do so through a case study that has generally been overlooked in Writing Studies: a collection of men’s rights movements which imagine themselves to be marginalized, despite their generally hegemonic positions. -
The Economics of Hypergamy
The Economics of Hypergamy Abstract Partner selection is a vital feature of human behavior with important consequences for individ- uals, families, and society. We use the term hypergamy to describe a phenomenon whereby there is a tendency for husbands to be of higher rank within the male earnings capacity distri- bution than their wives are within the female distribution. Such patterns are difficult to verify empirically because earnings are both a cause and an effect of the mating process. Using paren- tal earnings rank as a predetermined measure of earnings capacity to solve the simultaneity problem, we show that hypergamy is an important feature of today’s mating patterns in one of the most gender-equal societies in the world, namely Norway. Through its influence on house- hold specialization, we argue that hypergamy may explain parts of the remaining gender wage gap. JEL classification: J12, D10, J22 Keywords: Marriage; Gender identity; Labor supply, Household specialization Ingvild Almås is a professor at the IIES, Stockholm University and the Norwegian School of Economics. The corresponding author is Andreas Kotsadam, [email protected]. Andreas Kotsadam is a senior researcher at The Ragnar Frisch Centre for Economic Research and a professor at the University of Oslo. Espen R. Moen is a professor at The Norwegian Business School. Knut Røed is a senior researcher at The Ragnar Frisch Centre for Economic Research This research is funded by the Norwegian Research Council (grants number 280350, 236992 and 250415). We thank Alexander Cappelen, Serena Cocciolo, Sara Cools, Jo Thori Lind, Peter Nilsson, Fabian Postel-Vinay, Ole Røgeberg, Anna Sandberg, Hallgeir Sjåstad, and participants at several seminars, for valuable comments and discussions. -
Mapping the Alt-Right and the Manosphere:
The Discursive Style and Reactionary Politics of the Manosphere by Selena Neumark Hermann B.A., University of British Columbia, 2015 Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the School of Communication Faculty of Communication, Arts and Technology © Selena Neumark Hermann 2019 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY Summer 2019 Copyright in this work rests with the author. Please ensure that any reproduction or re-use is done in accordance with the relevant national copyright legislation. Approval Name: Selena Neumark Hermann Degree: Master of Arts Title: The Discursive Style and Reactionary Politics of the Manosphere Examining Committee: Chair: Sun-Ha Hong Assistant Professor Stuart Poyntz Senior Supervisor Associate Professor Frederik Lesage Supervisor Associate Professor Enda Brophy Internal Examiner Associate Professor Date Defended/Approved: June 13, 2019 ii Abstract This study aims to unpack the styles of discourse adopted and implemented by the Manosphere, an online community of self described Men's Rights Activists (MRAs) and “Red Pillers”. Through a Critical Discourse Analysis of Manosphere texts, the research explores how issues of gender and race inform the culture and politics of the community. It identifies common linguistic markers that distinguish the Manosphere from the historical Men's Rights Movement and liken it instead, to the the Alt-Right movement. For example, devices like metaphor, hyperbole and dog whistles operate in the discourse as modes for negotiating meaning making and accelerating the dissemination of extreme right discourse in mainstream political spaces. I argue that this process in part explains why particularly since 2016 and the election of Donald Trump in the United States, political sentiment has become more open to the iterations of misogyny and racism emblematic of the Manosphere. -
Introduction. Reinventing Love? Gender, Intimacy and Romance In
Introduction. Reinventing Love ? Gender, Intimacy and Romance in the Arab World Corinne Fortier, Aymon Kreil, Irene Maffi To cite this version: Corinne Fortier, Aymon Kreil, Irene Maffi. Introduction. Reinventing Love ? Gender, Intimacy and Romance in the Arab World. Corinne Fortier, Aymon Kreil et Irene Maffi. Reinventing Love ? Gender, intimacy and romance in the Arab World, pp.9-32, 2018, Reinventing Love ? Gender, Intimacy and Romance in the Arab World. hal-03070570 HAL Id: hal-03070570 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03070570 Submitted on 29 Dec 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 5 5 Corinne Fortier, Aymon Kreil, Irene Maffi (eds) Reinventing Love? Affective and sexual intimacy are sensitive issues in the Arab World. However moments of closeness between men and women have always been possible, perhaps even more so today, thanks to the spread of mixed-gender social spaces and new communication technologies. Further, while undeniably embedded in gendered relations of power, love is a highly ambivalent field of experience that involves a Reinventing Love? good deal of negotiation between partners and with family and can stand in tense relationship to patriarchal domination. -
Education and Hypergamy, and the “Success Gap”
Education and Hypergamy, and the “Success Gap” Elaina Rose* Department of Economics, #353330 University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195 [email protected] (206) 543-5237 October 2005 © Elaina Rose 2005. * This research was supported by NIH Grant R03HD41611. A version of this paper was circulated in 2003 as CSSS Working Paper #33 under the title, “Does Education Really Disadvantage Women in the Marriage Market?” I am grateful to Ted Bergstrom, Janet Currie, Paula England, Hank Farber, Shoshana Grossbard, Peter Hoff, Levis Kochin, Tom MaCurdy and two anonymous referees for helpful comments and suggestions. Kisa Watanabe and Jelena Zurovac provided excellent research assistance. Education and Hypergamy, and the “Success Gap” Abstract “Hypergamy” is the tendency for women to marry up with respect to education or other characteristics associated with economic well-being. Hypergamy tends to disadvantage women at the top of the education distribution. The magnitude of this disadvantage is the “success gap”. The increase in the concentration of women relative to men at the top of the education distribution over the last several decades will tend to increase competition for educated men and widen the success gap. However, shifts in preferences, social norms, or parameters defining the gains to specialization and exchange will counter this concentration effect. The question of whether, on net, the success gap has increased or decreased over the period is therefore an empirical question. I develop measures of the success gap, and hypergamy, and track them for women age 40-44 with U.S. Census data. The success gap declined substantially between 1980 and 2000.