University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Tractor Test and Power Museum, The Lester F. Nebraska Tractor Tests Larsen
January 1978
David Brown Tractors: Inside Story
Nebraska Tractor Test Lab University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected]
Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/tractormuseumlit
Part of the Energy Systems Commons, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine Commons, Other Mechanical Engineering Commons, Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons, Science and Mathematics Education Commons, and the United States History Commons
Nebraska Tractor Test Lab, "David Brown Tractors: Inside Story" (1978). Nebraska Tractor Tests. 99. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/tractormuseumlit/99
This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Tractor Test and Power Museum, The Lester F. Larsen at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Nebraska Tractor Tests by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. - -;..-
. dJIII'
j ~,, -.. ."
.,
Private reservoir (1805) for cotton thread mills (now DBT factory)
Bobbin Reel Mill Royd Edge Dye Works now DBTEngine Machine - Shop Extant Bobbin Mill 1845 Spring Lane Mill, - now DBTEngine Test Section Cotton thread mills Clock Mill (1760) Holmfirth, Extanf Demolished 1959 (now DBTfactory) Manor Mill 1822 Extant I¥
Mellham Gas Works Demolished 1972
Cotton Spinning Mill (c. 1850) Demolished 1933 Replaced by DBT Machine Shop (1951)
Site 01 cotton thread mill (1928) Now DBT Manufacturing Engineering Mellham Mills - Gearbox Assembly Church (1845) and School (now youth club)
:-" Background to the illustration comparatively large builcli"ngsin this wooded valley in the foothills of the Meltham Mills, headquarters of David Pennines. .. ~ Brown Tractors Ltd., is approximately 8km or 5 miles south-west of Huddersfield In 1845 it acquired the originaf cOtn mill Jo' in West Yorkshire. premises which were either convwted - T-bislithographic print by an unknown to textile use or replaced. The cO"'pany ...Jist IS believed to have been produced The name Meltham Mills derives from a continued to prosper and expar,": until """""'7e late 1860's It incorporates in the small corn mill built in 1760 by Mr. the general trade depression in ~he I I J 'ound a view of the original Nathaniel Dyson, who substantially 1930's. In 1931 Jonas Brook a[)d ~ros. , ~hr1lf'Mills (now the headquarters of extended the premises in 1786. amalgamated with'J. andP..coats~o Da I ~ ~ TIactors Ltd.) The picture form Unitea Thread Mills ~1d., by whic:-- 'Iso 1" ' JfJrtextile mills and In the early part of the 19th century namethe companywas know!)until " 'I 11('1r](7oS e 01 which ,,"'ere actuallv Jonas Brook and Bros. Ltd., pioneers in closed down in 1939. Shortly,afterw 1 ' ~Ielal miles away. The the manufacture of sewing Gatton, the buildings and site wert; purch:- 'n' purpose was to present i;m established a factory nearby. By 1822 by David Brown Tractors Ltd. ar " 1pression of prihcipaltJt,iildings this family-owned textile business was era in the historv of Meltham tv. :1 flourishing and had erected additional began. .. ~
m"""".,,",",",,,,",","'"""..".",. ",""" "". By Appolotme"' """,",","'","' to Her Majesty QDee" Ehzabe'h II Ma"ufac'",e" of Agrlcoltural Machl"ery . David Brow" Trac'o" LImited
David Brown 'Firsts' Honours List Few, if any, tractor manufacturers can In recent yearstheeor;ppany and its equal the David Brown r~cord of products havebE)en grar)ted an pioneeripgachievemenfin tractor unusuallylargeriUmber of national manufactu(.e and development. Major awards and distinctions. examples are: On .fOiC.Ifoccas.ions-1966,1968,1971 1937 - World's first fanrvtractor and 1'978-"the company has been equipped with hydraulic lift and granted a Queen's Award to Industry for converging 3-point linkage export achievement. 1948- Two speed power take-off In 1972its Hydra-Shift semi-automatic 1949- High-speed direct injection diesel transmission was awarded silver engine for farm tractors medals for outstanding design by four 1953- Traction control (implement national agricultural institutions - the weight transfer) Royal Agricultural Society of England, 1948- Six-speed and 1966- twelve' the Royal Association of British Dairy speed gearboxes Farmers, the Dublin Agricultural Society and the Royal Ulster Agricultural 1959- All purpose tractor hydraulic Society. system with single lever control 1964- Dial-controlled tractor hydraulic In 1974the company also gained a system Queen's Award to Industry for 1968-Introduction of fully approved technological achievement (Hydra-Shift safety cabs for all models semi-automatic transmission) - the first 1971 - Semi-automatic transmission such award made to a farm tractor manufacturer. providing on-the-move clutchless changes to any of four ratios in each In 1976 the company received a,Design working range Council Award for the design of the Hydra-Shift semi-automatic transmission.
Since 1955thE).companyhas held a Royal Warrant of Appointment to Queen Elizabeth II as manufacturers of
I,; agricultural machinery. 11'
11 ¥'
ii
SNSIDESTORY
" f'irst ediicr !UJiB'e:: .., ~ ~ 31C SpcAsrL i9""Q IJ .. Setxni a::i:iD'">::::O-OeEi~ ~ ~ 2R: .~ o:a2 ;Lbished"" English: 1917. '"' ~ ~ cr-C;u~5. ?"'" -'-..5C!:J..Di:st"'ec'" ~ ,g:-'""-
Upda1ed am rep a sectionalised DB 1412 Hydra-Shift tractor, is also by David a: wall chart. Smaller drawings on the wal feat 'dra-Sh if! . e DB1 rd 4-re speed 0 rfmin' . I. an,.,Hebrew, Italian, PortuguesEi"and e I:ca~.,ipEnglish, Danish, Finnish and t " , I tl "'.R .. Forty years on . . . ~, --- [;a c Brc n tac 0' assernb, :ine -1977. David Brown involvement in farm mainly towards gear manufacture, for completed at Meltham, containing many machinery began in 1936when the which the name David Brown - then as unique features and production company, then a subsidiary of the local now - was renowned. techniques with particular emphasis on familyfirm David Brown and Sons quality control. (Huddersfield) Ltd.,collaborated with However, the Meltham plant was able to I. Mr Harry Ferguson in the manufacture maintain and develop its tractor The revitalised Leigh plant became the of the legendary Ferguson-Brown manufacturing expertise by producing main supplier of large tractor tractor. small quantities of aircraft towing and components for the Meltham plant and r-- recovery vehicles. This facilitated the also designs and builds basic tractor- Built initiallyin the corner ofthe David switch-over to peacetime production of mounted implements: front 10p.dersand Brown gear factory, the Ferguson- farm tractors in 1946. a rear-mounted ditcher/digger/loader. Brown model was the world's first production tractor to be equipped with Despite the company's comparatively Bythis time the David Brown company hydraulic liftand converging 3-point late entry into the highly competitive had become Britain's third largest farm , linkage; a revolutionary concept which farm tractor industry. Meltham-built tractor manufacturer. The company soon became a fundamental part of machines quicklyearned a world- holds the Royal Warrant and has won farm tract'b}design the world over. reputation for quality and ipVermve several Queen's Awards to Industryfor -J-' " ,... - design. export achievement (four out of every xirni:ttely 1.,350FerguSon-Brown five David Brown tractors are sold NfEi'~. w~(;,ebuilt - the last twenty or In 1955 the compan;. aCQti~"'edthe oog-- overseas). so _epf.esent Meltham factory- established firm of Harrison. :JcGregor before F.~usQn and Brown parted; the and Guest Ltd. of Leigh, Lancashire. In1976the company's unique Hydra-Sm formerto~"5in Henry Ford in the USA; whose range of Albion farm machinery semi-automatic tractor transmission wr;?' the lafter:ltQ? make tractors of his own products (notably mowers and binders) a Design Council Award - the first such design.~. had previously earned them high award to be made in respect offarm international esteem. tractor design. The first David Brown model \l\(as exhibited at the 1939 Royal Show. It was In recent years the Meltham and Leigh widely acclaimed but before quantity plants have been extensively production could begin theSec'6r1d modernised and extended. InJuly 1971 World War broke out a.nd the Meltham a new tractor assembly complex,- the f2.::tory's resources were directed most modern of its type in Euro~ - was L 2 ~~ttantic all iance ...... , ;- .. The year 1972 marked another franchises are being established. . Case/David Brown tractor line-up significant milestone in the company's Additionally, an increasing number of development. David Brown Tractors Ltd. Case construction equipment products was acquired in that year by the employ engines and transmission units international conglomerate, Tenneco rnantrtacturec bj Dav;cJ BrOW!' Tradars Inc. of Houston, Texas, and was Ltd. affiliated to another world-famous Tenneco subsidiary, the J I Case The Meltham Company has three Company, of Racine, Wisconsin, USA. subsidiary companies in Scandinavia; David Brown Traktor A/S, Denmark; Under the Tenneco banner, David David Brown Tractors AB, Sweden; and Brown Tractors and Case are actively David Brown Tractors Oy, Finland. and successfully co-ordinating and There are two additional European expanding their combined production, subsidiary marketing companies, David ,.,.- marketing and distribution facilities. Brown Tractors (France) SA and David - .", . ~ Early visible evidence of this powerful Brown Tractors GmbH, German Federal new alliance came in 1973with the Republic. The Company operates a .' .,',--- >:~,;"-~ adoption of a new unified colour series of retail outlets in the East of ~heme throughout the full range of England and in Northern Ireland and has ¥vid Brown and Case farm tractors; a a further subsidiary in the Republic of combination of orchid white, power red Ireland. ~~ and black. Former DBT marketing companies in DBT Distributors and Dealers in the UK South Africa, Canada and Australia have and in several other parts of Europe been absorbed into the J I Case ~ now offer selected machines from the subsidiaries in those countries. ..t!; Case company's complementary range .'~. , of farm tractors. In other parts of the world also many joint DBT/Case David Brown tractors - past and present ~ A "streamlined" bonnet (hood) and windshield gave the tractor clean and functional lines. Number manufactured: 5,350. 1945 -1947 VAK IA Developed from the proven VAK I model, the VAK IA featured an improved engine lubrication system and a more precise governor. An automatic load controlled hot spot for rapid TVO (kerosene) 'engine warm-up was introducedCVand the now universally. used turnbuckle top IinkCVwasfitted. Number manufactured: 3,500. Ferguson-Brown Tvpe A 6 1947 - 1953: Cropmaster The long production run of Cropmaster tractors saw many new features pioneered by the company and did much to enhance the reputation for ~ Be A::: .::;- " '"Y>::;e::; reliability and quality enjoyed by the T"he fa,' CV1,f,ng n~tes vt: 8 v ~ David Brown tractor. With the r1anufactured by oa .::b : .: ~: ~ ".:;e "~:::: ::;"e " introduction of the Cropmaster the lesser-known mode's ::;::; ~p.,::; ~ t: e ::;u:::;:e::: e :;~::; e company introduced the popular policy La certa'n COl.Jntrie::; a e "ee: v" cages -;:; a"o "-; of including in the standard specification many items normally regarded as extras - at this time such items as 1936 -1939 Ferguson-Brown Type A were 4 forward and 1 reverse gears and hydraulic lift, swinging drawbar and This model painted battleship grey was the specification available included electric lighting. The 2-speed PTO, 6- built by David Brown to the design of the independent hand brakes, power lift and speed gearbox, coil ignition and the late Mr. Harry Ferguson at Park Gear 35mm (1~in)diameter PTO shaft. The high speed direct injection diesel engine Works, Huddersfield, and at the present track was adjustable by dished wheel were all introduced by David Brown in Meltham Mills tractor factory. It had a centres (a David Brown patentCV)and this period. The diesel engine was 4-cylinder water cooled petrol (gasolene) implement depth was controlled by a introduced in 1949 and developed 34hp or petrol/TVO (gasolene/kerosene) patented depth (gauge) wheel system. (25'3kW) at 1,800 rev/.min. engine. The first 500 tractors built had a 4 Number manufactured: 59,800. t Coventry Climax type 'E' engine. The ::a ri E: 0 remainder of the 1,350machines built had a David Brown engine of 2,010cc capacity, developing 20hp (14'9kW) at - - ". - ~ ~J,400rev/min. There were 3 forward and 1 reverse gears and independent wheel brakes, The ~rguson-Brown was the world's first production tractor with hydraulic lift and'converging three-point linkage. 1939- 1945: David Brown VAK I The VAK I was the first tractor completely designed and built by David Brown. Painted a distinctive 'hunting pink' it developed 35hp (26'1kW) at 2,000 "" rev/min from a 4-cylinder water-cooled petrol or petrol/TVO (gasolene/kerosene) engine. \here 4 ~ "='- - -. *' .. .. ~ v{:'ma" 'e' F .. r... 1953- 1959:50D 1953-1958: 25 and 25D The 500 was based on the 6-cylinder The diesel version developed 31'3hp 50hp (37'3kW)power unit developed for (23'1kW)at 1,800rev/min and the petrol a track-laying tractor. A rugged, heavy (gasolene) model 31'7hp (23'2kW)at David Brown 300 machine, itwas ideally suited to towing 2,000 rev/min. These were the first operations and featured a 4-speed PTO small tractors to have the advantage of unit Itwas unique amongst David TCU.Also featured were a 2-speed PTO diesel engine of 14hp (10'4kW)with Brown tractors in having a side and belt pulley unit and a 6 forward 2 4-speed gearbox and was designed for mounted belt pulley instead of the more reverse speed gearbox. use with mid-mounted implements. familiar rear mounted unit The SODwas Number manufactured: 24,742. A rear liftand PTO0were available as the first David Brown tractor to be options.Bothlifts were operated by available only with a diesei engi~e. 1956 -1961: 2D compressed air and the two front mid- Number manufactured: ~ .26C. Ideal.] Sl.=ted to precisio:' rrsar'1(e! mounted liftcylinders 0could be garden work, the 20 was also used as a operated independently. 1953 -1958: 30C and 3OD specialist rowcrop machine on larger Number manufactured: 2,008. The 30C petrol (gasolene) and TVO and farms. It had a lightweight, rear 300 diesel engines had overhead mounted, air cooled 2-cylinder Da. 'd B"o '7250 (right) valves and coil ignition or direct t injection with powers of: diesel - 34hp (25'3kW) at 1,800 rev/min; petrol (gasolene) - 41hp (30'6kW) at 2,300 rev/min; TVO (kerosene) -37'6hp (27'6kW) at 2,300 rev/min. In 1954 the new series 30C and 300 'odels were equipped with TCU- "~ ttJe subsequently world famous Traction Control Unit0and the first controlled weight transfer system for tractors. In 1955a special hitch0to give the advantage of TCUin hauling heavy trailers was introduced. TCUis still the most efficientand by far the simplest method of obtaining controlled weight transfer. ' '; Number manufactured: 16,073. 5 :J6 '"' B'o ~ 2::: 1956 - 1958: 900 In 1961 the V and W series was 1961 -1965: 990 Implematic The 900 was available with four superseded by the 950 Implematic A With the introduction of the 990 alternative engines; diesel - 40hp and B series whiGh had improved front Implematic, David Brown first used the (29'8kW); TVO (kerosene) - 37hp axle clearance and multi-speed PTO to principle of the cross-flow cylinder head (27'6kW); petrol (gasolene) - 40hp provide both 540 and 1,000 rev/min in conjunction with the two-stage front- (29'8kW), and high compression petrol standard speecJs- mounted air-cleaner. The 990 was (gasolene) - 45hp (33'5kW).The diesel Number manufactured:18, 125. powered by a 52hp (38'8kW) direct model pioneered the use of the now injection diesel engine. In 1963height familiar distributor type fuel injection 1960 -1965: 850 Implematic control was introduced in the pump and also featured dual category The A and B series 850 Implematic Implematic hydraulic system, the linkage with the David Brown patented tractors had a 4-cylinder diesel engine wheel-base was increased, the battery swivelling ball type top link and giving 35hp (26'1kW) at 2,000 rev/min. re-Iocated behind the radiator grille, and detachable bonnet (hood). Petrol (gasolene) versions were also a 12-speed alternative transmission offered. The Implematic hydraulic introduced. Number manufactured: In 1957 the 900 Livedrive was system enabled this small tractor to give 40,600. introduced, the first David Brown model an outstanding performance with with a dual clutch giving live hydraulics mounted implements. The later C and D and a live PTO. series had diesel engines only and Number manufactured: 13,770. featured the multi-speed PTO and improved front axle clearance. From \1958 -1959: 950 (T and U series) April 1963height control CVwas included in the hydraulic system. dThe 950 was similar in design to the 900 but had increased power - diesel Number manufactured: 14,242. 42'5hp (31'3kW); petrol (gasolene) 42hp (31kW). A much improved recirculating 1961 -1965: 880 Implematic ball type steering unit was fitted and the A higher speed range than the 950 universal drawbar was dimensioned to Implematic made the C and D series 880 comply with British Standard 1495: 1958 an ideal tractor for the "one-tractor" SAE Standard J718. farm. The same 42'5hp (31-3kW) 4- Number manufactured: 5,574. cylinder power unit was employed, but the diesel versions were superseded by I; 1959- -1962: 950 Implematic . the E and F series 880 Implematic with a DB 990 Implematic The introduction of the 950 Implematic new 3-cylinder diesel engine. A choice offered farmers, for the first time, the of 11/49 (high-speed) or 9/50 (Iow- opportunity to use depth (gauge) wheel speed) final drives gave speed ranges or draught (draft) control with equal similar to those of the old 950 and 880 facility. Automatic weight transfer was Implematic, but the high torque of the new engine gave a much improved I' II available through the Implematic 0 draught (draft) control or controlled lugging power. weight transfer through the TCU system. Number manufactured: 19,207. 2B 95:; Imp/efYIatic ,- - ~7 ~ 6 " - ""~I- """ .. e tr0 " 1 5 ~ , 1965 - 1970: 770 Selectamatic ::;8 88:; 5e, ecta"'1atlc Powered by a 3-cylinder 33hp (24'6kl/lJ) diesel engine, the 110 was the first tractor to have the outstanding simple Selectamatic hydraulic system 1965- 1971: 880 Selectamatic Painted orchid white and chocolate, the ~ 1967 - 1971: 780 Selectamatic re-styled 880 incorporated the 1965 - 1971: 990 Selectamatic Selectamatic hydraulic system, multi- Like the 880, the 990 was restyled and A lightweight version of the 880, with the speed power take-off and differential finished in white and chocolate. The same engine, the 780 was available lock. The 3-cylinder engine was re-rated 4-cylinderengine was re-rated at 55hp only as a Livedrive tractor with two-.. II at 46hp (34'3kW). Available with 12 (41kW) and the specification included stage clutch. A Narrow version was forward 4 reverse speed gearbox and Selectamatic hydraulics, multi-speed - introduced In 1969. high clearance conversion unit. Full flow PTO and differential lock. Available with Number manufactured: 12,198. filtration of hydraulic oil was 12-speed gearbox and high clearance I incorporated in 1970. conversion. A 4-wheel drive version 1967 -1971: 1200 Selectamatic Number manufactured: 33.379. was introduced in 1970 and in the same This 67hp (49'9kW) tractor, uprated to year full flow filtration of hydraulic oil 72hp (53'7kW) in 1968,was the f[rst DB was i'lCOrporated in the specification. ~~A ~ iOe a model to have a separate hanCICrutcn controllmg ihe dnve to the I-'IO. Also the t)ydraullC p~ was directly drivenfrom ffie 1ront Of the engine and it had three- -pomt linkage ot ca~gory 2 only. A '. T'tUd'san ard.S~~i5~~eatT 4-w eel driveWas fitled1200 wasas announced in 1970. .,.., Number manufactured~ 18,990. "". ".,1 ..' I 1968: Safety Cabs and Frames ~ In anticipation of new UK legislation (applicable from September, 1970)- requiring farm tractors,tD be fitted with .., §l~y c?bs or frames (fapa~ of ~ withstanding ~overnmel1t-approved . crush and iri:pact tests~,the~vid Brown I ~mpany introduced safetyC'aos (initially as alternative equipmenti~Q.early t\J\(Ct- years before the legislatio,;<'c'cih:!e iiho . effect. As a result the firs¥thr~e safety cab JI approval certificates granted by the UK .Ministry of Agriculture were awarded to David Brown tractor models. 7 ---- R CBf?85 '1 'Ylf)'ol/ed Q-Cr. ~ Be; '- ~ DB v~t:; ;::;~ C e8'-a"'"", ""'uc.e I ,., HoveL Q-Cab w ~ tL C£ ;:' n u ~-. 1971: 885 Synchromesh This model superseded both the 780 and 880 Selectamatic tractors. It has a ;: 3-cylinder direct injection cross-flow diesel engine of 48 DIN hp (35-8kW)and 12-speed gearbox with synchromesh ~ . Standard specification for most markets includes live Selectamatic hydraulics, multi-speed PTO,full road and field lighting, alternator, trailer socket, hydraulic take-off valve and coupling. An 885 Narrow version is available for specialist work in orchards, vineyards, market gardens and similar confined spaces. Also available in selected markets as 885 Highway model. The standard specification of the 1212 1971: 990 Synchromesh model also includes hydrostatic steering and selective top link sensing unit~. This third version of the best-selling 990 series has a 4-cylinder engine of 58 DIN hp (43'2kW). In other respects the common throughout the David Brown 1974: 1410 Synchromesh and 1412 standard specification is generally range. Additionally it has independent Hydra-Shift similar to that of the 885 model. PTO and live engine-driven hydraulic The largest David Brown tractors so far Available in some markets with factory- pump. A 4-wheel drive version is made these two sturdily built models are fitted high clearance conversion unit available. This model has on-the-move both powered by a 91 DIN hp (67'9kW) and as DB 990 Highway model. engagement of front wheel drive and 4-cylinder engine producing 81 PTO hp hydrostatic power steering as standard (60'4kW). They are the first standard DB An alternative version of the 990 was equipment. A high clearance conversior tractors. to be turbocharged. introduced in 1978 featuring a fully unit is available in some markets. independent hand-operated PTO clutch. In addition to the normal extensive basic specification these 91hp models have a 1971: 1212 Hydra-Shift large diameter clutch with heavy duty 1971: 995 and 996 Synchromesh linings, strengthened rear axle, massive Fitted with the same 72hp (53'7kW) r Both are powered by a 4-cylinder final drive units, oil-immersed 4-cylinder engine as the 1210,the 1212 engine of 64 DIN hp (47'7kW), otherwise tractor was the first model to be independent disc brakes with self- the standard specification of both balancing master pedal, high capacity equipped with the patented Hvdra-Shift I I !Jlachines is generally similar to that of semi-automatic transmission. This hydraulics, telescopic link ends, and the 885 model. The 996 model is - slotted lift rods. Both are also equipped unique David ~rown development with a new type of hydrostatic power add~.i.onally equipped with fully provides on-the-move clutchless independent hand-operated PTO clutch. steeri ng ~. changes to any of 4 ratios in-each pre- Both the 995 and 996 models are selected working range - Creep, F:'eld, The 1410 model has a 12-forward available in some lJ1ark~ts with high Roao or ~ T1-,esechanges JP or 4-reverse gearbox with Synchromesh. ...clearance conversloru:i'rnt. The 995 is dovII' are erected ';t>ro...g'1a sfrn~e I1e 1412 model is equipped with the additionally availabie as a Highway hand lever mourned on tl>e iascia. ~ mOde'\. In certain countries the 996 is changes are 8I'1ectOOsmootl'.., will1ovt I-tydra-Shift semi-automatic gearbox. & marketed a~ a special version of the 995 ,oss of power and without loss or engine :r> 1976 a 4-wheel drive version of the ~ model. . braking. The Hydra-8hift transmission 1410 model was introduced. This was the Four-wheel drive versions of the 990 and earned the Company a Queen's Award first model to be equipped with a 996 models were introduced in 1978. to Industry "for technological reversible-shaft PTO unit~. This has 21 achievement" in 1974- the first Award splines at one end of the shaft to drive intl;jis category to be granted to an . 4000..r(l')1inimplements and 6 splines at - 1971: 1210 Synchromesh In agricultural tractor manufacturer. '. the oth~~?9riv~ at 54~r/min.Reversing Powered by a 72 DIN hp (53'7kW) 1976the Hydra-Shift transmission was the s~1t,~Whlch I.Sretained by four bolts, 4-cylinder engine the 1210 incorporates granted a Design Council Award - ..,.autorQatically engages the appropriate the extensive basic specification another rare distinction. PTO speE;JI. ¥l ...... ~ ,. 1(1October, 1977 (Silver Jubilee Year ot H M. Queen Elizabeth) the Meltham facto'v ;yoduced its 50C DOC," David B c '1" acto ~h s acm a DB 1412 H ~ a-S'1 t[ "'7odel, I. as '" eel ,t ar impmved C)-Cab painted s,/~er ard royal pu 'pie This historic tractor was aLv C1ec at, ,e 197' Po -a' 5",,11.1'elu ::Jhr> anrl the r: 'oceecs ::: r:;:]"" ~cna,ed ~ ~ he Cueef1 s S er 'b Pf:! I-\p,..,3a' r::Jnd, All five Highway tractors can be supplied to full UK Road Traffic Act specification and are available with standard metal-clad Weatherframe safety cab or with the improved David Brown 'Q' (Quiet) cab. A large number of local authorities throughout the UK have purchased these purpose-built tractors which can handle a wide variety of specialised equipment Apart from municipal authorities the tractors have been supplied to the Ministry of Defence, Department of the Environment, the National Coal Board, the Central Electricity Authority, General Post Office, Water Boards, River Boards, " Airlines, contractors, builders, and mechanical handling specialists. II In standard form each Highway model is 1975: DB 'Q' (Quiet) Cab Hignway Tractors a truly multi-purpose tractor. It can Introduced at the 1975 Royal Smithfield handle specialised equipment such as Show the DB 'Q' Cab CVcomplied fully Supplied to the UK market only, DB flail and gang mowers, loaders, post with the safety cab noise regulations Highway tractors, painted a distinctive hole diggers, rotary brushes, verge applicable in the UK from June, 1976. yellow, are based on five of the trimmers, sprayers, winches, pumps, Design features include: noise level well Company's range of highly successful compressors, hedge cutters, and dozer below the legal maximum of 90 farm tractors - the lightweight blades. Each machine is also capable of decibels; totally enclosed Insulated cab; manoeuvrable 3-cylinder DB 885 of 48hp carrying out normal field work with completely new internal layout; rubber- (35'8kW); the more powerful 4-cylinder simplicity of operation, ease of covered spacious floor area; main 990 and 995 models of 58 and 64hp (45'2 maintenance, proven reliability, and manual controls grouped at driver's and 47'7kW) respectively, and also the genuine economy. right hand; instruments and steering 1210synchromeshand 1212Hydra-Shift column enclosed in single soundproof (both 72hp; 53.7kW). housing; armchair seat; easy access to :; B 995 1-1gh a eG~ ;::;ped t,l,rcnt rear-mounted implements. ~a_s an" ea '-.~oun,eQ ~ : e v ;;ge, oade The basic specification of aI. tractors fitted with 'Q' Cabs was extended to - include:J:!ydrostatic PQ.wer steerin...Q; - hydraulically operated balanced braking. i The DB Quiet Cab went into production J in January 1976and soon afterwards was a standard fitment on all tractor models marketed in the UK. A new version of the DB Q-Cab was . ~ II1troduced in December 1977. The major ), "-'provement was the provision of wider doors providing easier access. An alternative De-Luxe Cab was introduced i into the UK at the same time. Available I on 91 and 72hp tractors, this cab had previously been restricted to - Scandinavian countries forcLElumber of ,,~..~;;( Years,:' .~, ",., ""';10;,'\", J [~ *' -i"" Ii I' . II -~ _esser known DB tractor products ~ For the record we list below some of the lesser-known David Brown products which were manufactured at Meltham for specialist applications or for a particular market. '~8eled tractors Wartime Production: 1939 -1945 When the first tractor of wholly David Brown design, the David Brown VAK I model, was introduced at the 1939Royal Show it received an enthusiastic reception and orders poured in. However, war intervened and the major part of the Meltham factory's output was diverted to production of war material - e.g. gear units for fighter aircraft, .i:Ja .. Bon 3 ~ ""ode " originally hydraulic units for various types of ces gnec ~ A cae '1g in World military aircraft, and transmissions for 1948 -1965 Taskmaster VIG1AR; a a peRce ~ e "oe tanks and other military vehicles. VID1AR However, the Company was able to This model incorporated basic units continue to produce limited quantities of developed for the successful tractors, mostly for the armed services. Cropmaster agricultural tractor - i.e. I: In this connection the principal mainframe, engine, gearbox and rear contributions were a heavy-duty axle. However, being intended for wheeled tractor designed for general general haulage work the Taskmaster airfield towing duties, and a larger had a single foot-pedal operating the " tracked machine used by army outboard rear wheel brakes (the engineers. inboard brakes being used for hand brake purposes), and also had heavy 1941 -1944 VIG1/100 and VIG1/462 Air I II duty steering and mudguards, etc. First Ministry Tractors models had afour-cylinder gasolene Fitted with a 37hp (27'6kW) gasolene unit engine. The original four-speed gearbox and low-speed gearbox some of these was later superseded by a six-speed ,j tractors (painted in RAF blue) had a unit and many of them incorporated a conventional dry-plate clutch but others fluid-drive torque convertor in the incorporated a fluid-drive torque transmission. converter. Designed for towing heavy Number manufactured: 2,752. aircraft, bomb carriers, etc. these Beet harvester po ered by a DB 880 tractors were fitted with a heavy-dut} 1952 ~ 1958VIG/1C(Aircraft towing winch and land anchor. tractor) 'skid unit' ~ 8eveloped from the wartime Air A considerable number of these nistry tractors and powered by a 30hp 1960 -1953 Oliver 500 and 600 machines found their way into clvilial) i22-4klr\-' gasolene engine with a fluid- Manufactured for, and sold exclusively hands after the war, and gave further drive torque convertor in the by the Oliver Corporation in the USA useful service on recovery and haulage transmission these tractors, many of these tractors were basically DB 850 work. Some were fitted with a front- which were fitted with a rear-mounted (500) and DB 950 (600) models but with ~ = mouilted belt pulley and used as winch, were a heavier version of the a restyled bonnet and in the green and threshing tractQ~s. Taskmaster industrial towing tractor. white livery of the Oliver Corporation. Number manttra.~tured:2,400. Number manufactured: 330. Number manufactured: 2,148. I 1Q -', ,0: " / j ~ ~ -- basically a DB950 Implematic DB 50 TO crawler for agricultural applications t, s 1942-1949 OB4 Fitted with a 4 cylinder 38'5hp (28'3kW) Dorman diesel engine, five-speed gearbox and clutch-and-brake steering, these tractors were the first diesel models produced at Meltham, and were used by army engineers for general construction work. Number manufactured: 110. - DB 25 and DB 30 series, and the crawler :;8 '+ cae S 0 ccfucec c' 1952 -1965 Trackmaster Diesel 50; versions were thereafter designated 30T a "", eng neers 50TO; 501TO (gasolene or kerosene), 30TD (diesel) or ~- Fitted with a six-cylinder 5Ohp (37'3kW) 30lTO (industrial diesel). These were Engines: for marine applications, and diesel engine, six-speed gearbox and eventually superseded by a 40TO for operating balers,.combine,", differential steering these tractors were version with a 40hp (29'8kW) diesel harvesters, electric generating 5"'et5. '. later designated 5OTO(agricultural) or engine, large diameter clutch and re- 50lTO (industrial). designed running gear. 'Skid' units: for fork lift trucks, forestry Later versions had a larger diameter Number manufactured: 3,080. and industrial tractors, loader/backhoe clutch and redesigned running gear. units, industrial loaders, aircraft towing These were designated 50TO Mark II. tractors, and harvesting machines handling a variety of specialist crops ~umber manufactured: 1667. (e.g. blackcurrants, sugar beet, peas). 1950 -1965 Trackmaster 30; 30T; Engines and 'Skid' units 30TO; 301TD;and 40TD For many years the Melthamfactory has Case constre~tion equipment: since These tractors had the same type of supplied David Brown engines and. 1972"OBengines have been used to 4-cylinder engine as the Cropmaster 'skid' units (engine/transmission units in P9wer various.types of Case. wheeled tractor but embodied a new various stages of assembly) to other construction equipment - crawlers, 6-speed transmission incorp'orating manufacturers in the UK and overseas wheeled loaders, and tl:1eUni Loader. differential steering. The name for incorporation into a wide range of Combinations of DB engines, gearboxes Trackmaster was dropped when the products. and rear axles are also incorporated in Cropmaster was superseded by the Examples include: some Case products. 9." '1-1 imp[ement manufacture ~ Disc ploughs0 of two, three or four furrows and a special two-furrow model with reversible discs0. Cultivators with either rigid tines, spring tines, 'c' spring tines or gang hoes; fully adjustable and mounted on a tool bar 78 or 96in long (198/244cm). Ridger with three bodies mounted on a 78 or 96in (198/244cm) toolbar. Fully adjustable and suitable for row widths of 20 to 36in (51/91cm). Rotary Tiller for high-speed cultivation. Four freely-revolving axles in diamond£, n formation and in widths of 90, 106and QI 118in (228/269/299cm). Ripper/Mole Drainer with a 2~in Pc-, oa e "s",ede, e, (63'5mm) diameter mole capable of operating at depths up to 24in (61cm). Manure Spreaders of approximately 35cwt (1778kg)capacity with ground The Company's first involvement in range was extended to include an wheel drive to the spreader mechanism. implement manufacture coincided with alternating plough, disc ploughs, disc its production in the late 1930'sof the harrows, mowers and a potato spinner. Seed Drills (12, 14 or 15 rows) and a Ferguson-Brown tractor. Implements in During this time a number of detailed combined seed and fertiliser drill (12 or general use up to that time were based changes were made and various 16 rows). on horse-drawn equipment and were options were offered but the basic merely towed behind the tractor, implements underwent very little Mowers of different types. Trailed change. machines with ground wheel drive and With its hydraulic lift and 3-point linkage, semi-mounted machines with PTO the revolutionary Ferguson-Brown In 1955 the Company acquired the old- drive. It is estimated that more than tractor brought an entirely new concept established firm of Harrison, McGregor 200,000 Albion mowers (including the and Guest Ltd., and with it an extensive to implement design. Equipment could horse-drawn variety) were sold before now be mounted on the tractor and range of Albion implements and barn I, II production finally ceased in the late' could be lifted in and out of work. machinery. The ultimate objective (since 1950's.A later David Brown innovation achieved) was to convert the Leigh plant Implements of this type made by the was a mid-mounted machine with pavid Brown Company specially for the into a main supplier of tractor hydraulic drive0to the cutter bar. components. In the meantime-selected 'F'erguson-Brown tractor included: single and 2-furrow plough; 3-row ridger: rigid Albion products ere added to ttIe DB Swath Turners with two reversible ;mplemef't range. apc a. '"1p'eP1ert tine cultivator; an~ spring tine cultivator. "'eads. Two models were offered: a -", produdi I -~ manufactured in the UK. PTO driven, it cut, chopped and loaded the crop in one operation. The series include in-line and offset machines, and a special version for verge trimming. Binders of 4ft 6in (137cm) to 10ft (305cm) cut with either PTO or ground wheel drive. More than 67,000 Albion binders (all types) were built before it was phased out in 1958. Combine Harvesters (both bagger and tanker models). These were PTO driven machines with various alternative .t 9\3-Chments for different crops. During the 1960's the production emphasis at Leigh was progressively -'\ transferred from implements to tractor components. Many of the implements listed above went out of production although some (e.g. Hurricane forage harvester, disc plough, rotary tiller) were taken up by other manufacturers and continued to be made under licence. Implement manufacture was concentrated on a range of basic tractor-mounted equipment: ploughs (fixed and reversible); front loaders; and rear-mounted ditcher/digger Iloaders. By the mid-1970's this list had to be reduced still further (by ceasing plough manufacture) to enable the renovated and greatly expanded Leigh factory to meet the steadily increasing demand for tractor components, including safety cabs. Implement production is currently ~ confined to the following items: Front Loaders with a variety of attachments; dirt buckets, manure forks, root crop buckets, parallel fork lift, grabs etc. Ditcher/Digger/Loader0 a versatile - '(-r-mounted implement with a wide lWection of attachments. .~'i I ! Top:PTO-drivencombine harvester Centre: 3-furrow reversible plough Bottom: Ditcherldiggerlloader with ai1ernative attachments -.1 ,.~ nJ ~~ -" -- - ~ ~"'. ~ Sporting history Registered, Trade Marks In 1959an ingenious adaptation of two The following are among a considerable number of trade marks which have been David Brown agricultural implements- registered in the UK and various other countries by David Brown Tractors or its the DB steerage hoe and ripper/mole subsidiaries: drainer - made sporting history. In collaboration with the Turf Research Mark Product Type Institute of Bingley, Yorkshir~, David ALBION Brown engineers designed a Mowers reapers, barn machinery machineCVwhich successfully laid CROPMASTER Tractors underground heating cable at DAVID BROWN Murrayfield, headquarters of the Scottish Tractors and implements Rugby Football Union - the world's first HYDRA-SHIFT Tractors, power transmissions installation of its kind at a sporting arena. HURRICANE Harvesters, manure spreaders IMPLEMATIC Tractors, hydraulic power lift mechanisms This David Brown machine SELECTAMATIC. subsequently carried out similar Tractors, hydraulic power lift mechanisms installations at four soccer grounds- DB EMBLEM Tractors, implements Everton, Arsenal, Leeds United and Hamar (Norway); at one rugby league TASKMASTER Tractors ground (Leeds); and at several TCU Hydraulic power lift mechanisms greyhound racing tracks at Manchester, London and Bradford. TRACKMASTER Endless track tractors Prototype machine for laying lJ'1de.'g'Ourid reatir>g cable Patents An extensive list of patents has been N granted to David Brown Tractors Ltd. I The major inventions made by the Company and covered by patents are indicated by the symbol CVin this publication. Historical data 'I In order to ensure that appropriate archival material is available to historians and to others who may be interested, David Brown Tractors Ltd. has placed on permanent loan with the \i" Museum of English Rural Life an extensive collection of early ~ pI.,oG"cations,photographs and ~rnents relating to the company an ,<-~.~~ .".," ".," ~ ---. 31 , .,.-- ;~ .: ~;f?f:~~J!~ ~,4~:-," "~'"~~ .,,- p - ~ ~ ~T'."" ~r~~ " . r~. -. .-<-~------~_...... "'k/ ... ~...':t:4~~:' ''::~.'i: :}~:" '" . ~.,' ~. . .,-,--.'~.:~ ,,*"-=. ---' ..-;~' '1.."- ~i{' . :' -'" ~'~'-~' "",- '-.;...r.1\ jj/Jit._-:.t ~.,., -, -r---- .. ..;'~~ ~"~ 'I!.:.,,- -, "- . .'-, ., -. ~ ~. 15 Meltham Mills. . . Leigh Manufacturing Dh(ision . . . today ."", The headquarters and main Approved assemblies are then Today the LeighManufacturingDivision, manufacturing and assembly plants are transferred from the building line via which has been completely modernised located at Meltham, Huddersfield in overhead conveyor for painting in the and greatly expanded, acts as the main West Yorkshire. This 78 acre (32 ha) site totally enclosed, dust-proof section of supplier to the Meltham factory of a . comprises well over 1m square feet of the line. Paint is applied in four stages; wide range of tractor components. At administration and manufacturing space prime painting, stoving, application of the same time it has retained some of (over 90,000 m2). finishing coat, and final stoving. The its links with the past by continuing to complete painting process takes about design and manufacture a number of Major components manufactured at four hours. tractor-mounted implements - front Meltham include: engines, loaders and rear-mounted transmissions, and hydraulic Still attached to the overhead conveyor ditcher /digger /Ioaders. components. Items purchased from the partially assembled tractors are external sources include: castings (most delivered to the finishing line where In the tractor component field the of which are machined at Meltham), additional equipment (instrument superbly equipped Leigh factory forgings, wheels, tyres, springs, tubes, panels, electrical equipment and wiring, specialises in fabrication, machinery, pipes and sundry proprietary mudguards, bonnets, wheels etc.) is and sheet metal work. components like batteries, filters, fitted. Additional quality control checks ~ injectors, clutches, seats etc. are carried out before the tractor is In 1978a new metal treatment and paint handed over for rigorous road testing plant was installed. In addition to Completedin 1971the main tractor prior to despatch. providing increased capacity, this ultra- assembly complex at Meltham contains modern installation incorporates over 2500ft (760m) of conveyor and a The Leigh Manufacturing Division several advanced technologies new to complete tractor emerges from the end of (formerly Harrison, McGregor and the agricultural machinery industry. the production line approximately every 4 Guest Ltd.) occupies approximately 20 minutes. The line is designed to handle acres (8ha) near the centre of Leigh in Among an impressive and increasing tractors weighing up to 4 tonnes and is Lancashire. The Harrison, McGregor range of production items are hydraulic divided into three main areas - the Company was founded here in 1872 rams, power take-off units, front axles, preliminary building line, the painting specialising in the manufacture of radiator guards, bonnets, and section and finishing department. horse-drawn mowers. Production was mudwings. In addition the factory later extended and diversified to manufactures and assembles complete The upper floor of the 2-storey assembly include: barn machinery for the safety cabs which are transported to complex is on the same level as the preparation of feeding stuffs for Meltham for fitment to appropriate adjoining main machine shop. This livestock - oat crushers, root and chaff David Brown tractors. facilitates the flow of machined cutters, plate mills; reapers and binders; components to appropriate stations on rakes, swath turners and corn drills. The Assembly of safety cabs was the assembly line. Sub-assemblies from name 'Albion' by which these products transferred to a new building erected for other parts of the factory and bought-in were identified in the Company's early this purpose in 1978. components are similarly fed to the years is still remembered with affection primary line. All of these have and respect in many countries. previously undergone thorough inspection procedures. For example, all Following its acquisition in 1955by Parts Supply David Brown engines undergo some163 David Brown Tractors the company In 1978a centralised Parts Supply checks covering component alignment developed a range of ~ers, centre was established at Batley, West ,III and tolerances during manufacture. mowers, ploughs" cufWators, haJers, Yorkshire. Designed to expand and Moreover, all engines are run for one and manure spr-eadefs.. In the late streaJ1llinethe worldwide distribution of hour b~fore being passed to the tractor 1960's these wer-ewa first; reduCtions~~Q~E}rs.et~'n: t the second; and anOitja~aaipment, at the third. . " ,..' '11'. > .. ,.. 4 ..: "If ," '~ .~ , "# '~");; ;,."" , '"" Ii ,., I t '. \. ..o! ",= ~--- - Symbol of co-operation ., Many people ask about the origin of the David Brown emblem and particularly about the significance of the two roses, one white and the 'other red, which are. incorporated in the design. To trace the origin and significance of the White and Red roses, it is necessary to go back some five hundred years or more, to the time when civil war raged in England, a struggle known to historians as the Wars of the Roses. Two of the English noblemen involved in that conflict - the Duke of York and the Earl of Lancaster- adopted respectively a white rose and a red rose as their battle emblems. 'W Today the white rose is the official emblem of the county historically known as Yorkshire and the red rose is the symbol adopted by neighbouring Lancashire. Rivalry, except in the field of sport, is forgotten and these two regions together playa vital role in the industrial and agricultural prosperity of Britain. Thus the coupling of a red and white rose in the David Brown emblem symbolises the integration and co- operation of two famous names in the agriculturalworld- the Yorkshire-based COf11pa11y at Dm-;d ~ Tractors Ud. aOC:isLa.~e ~~~"!adL"'":g ?1a."1 '~~.i ~ '."cGrsgor a..'1G GI..e5t ii, r- , ' ,<. ~ ... -~ '~ "" -'i(- .f'" ~";;' .,. "a .